Digital Commons Network^™

An Experimental Study On Nonlinear Seepage Characteristics In Coal Seams During Ch4 Displacement Through N2 And Co2 Flooding, Li Zefeng, Huang Mengru, Zhang Hongzhong, Lan Jianping, Song Jinsuo, Fan Shixing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Coal seams in China are generally characterized by low porosity (<5%) and low permeability (0.001×10^–3μm²), leading to low coalbed methane (CBM, dominated by CH₄) drainage efficiency. Gas flooding-enhanced CBM drainage technology plays a significant role in surface CBM drainage, underground CBM pre-drainage, and deep geologic CO₂ storage. Methods This study investigated four common types of gases: N₂ and CO₂ for flooding, CH₄ to be displaced, and He for blank control. Based on the physical properties of these gases and employing methods including the quasi-static method, the gas flow rate method, and the Reynolds …

The Federalism Canons As Ordinary Interpretation, Anthony J. Bellia Jr., Bradford R. Clark

Northwestern University Law Review

Scholars remain generally skeptical of substantive canons of statutory interpretation even as courts continue to employ such canons in important cases. Unlike semantic canons, which help judges discern the best meaning of statutory text in context, substantive canons provide tiebreakers when the text is unclear or require special clarity in order for the text to perform certain functions. Among the substantive canons, the so-called “federalism canons” have been singled out for special scrutiny. The federalism canons are a family of canons that require courts to avoid interpreting an act of Congress to divest states of certain sovereign rights or powers—including …

The Establishment That Time Forgot: The Historical Understanding Of Religious Offenses And Their Unconstitutionality In Modern Law, Benjamin J. Citow

Northwestern University Law Review

This Note argues that religious offenses, meaning laws which penalize conduct for religious purposes, should be barred by the Establishment Clause of the Constitution, as the Clause was interpreted in Kennedy v. Bremerton School District. This is because Kennedy interpreted the Establishment Clause to prohibit each of the several types of laws which early Americans associated with religious establishment—the historical practice wherein early states would adopt a religion as the state religion and pass various types of laws for its support. And religious offenses, this Note argues, were amongst the types of laws which early Americans so associated with …

The Role Of The U.S. State Department As An Amicus In Foreign Policy Abstention Analysis, Sarah Kurpius

Northwestern University Law Review

Foreign policy abstention is a novel and unsettled doctrine in international litigation. Unlike other established international litigation abstention doctrines, foreign policy abstention permits courts to decline jurisdiction when adjudication implicates significant foreign policy concerns. First invoked in 2004, the doctrine has since appeared sporadically in case law, most recently in the Eighth Circuit’s decision in Reid v. Doe Run Resources. Yet, its analytical framework remains muddy and amorphous, leading to inconsistent judicial application.

This Note examines one critical factor courts consider when determining whether to apply the foreign policy abstention: the strength of U.S. foreign policy interests in the …

Dominion Or Destruction: Rereading Genesis In An Age Of Melting Ice, Benjamin Nunes

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Planetary Care And Justice: From Rio To The Hague To Waterloo, Mary (Joy) Philip

Consensus

No abstract provided.

Wandering Towards The Self, Brandon Paterson

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

A Different Kind Of Conversation/Christian Unity, Mary (Joy) Philip

Consensus

No abstract provided.

The Earth Charter, The Advent, And The Divine Right Of Elon Musk, Joseph Kirby

Consensus

No abstract provided.

Struck Down, Not Destroyed: Keeping The Faith As A Vatican Reporter, John Milloy

Consensus

Book Review Struck Down, Not Destroyed: Keeping the Faith as a Vatican Reporter Colleen Dulle Penguin Random House, 2025

Agentic Intelligence Under Constraint: Energy, Context, And The Expansion Of Exchange, Nick Loghmani

iSchool - All Scholarship

Recent advances in agentic artificial intelligence have been driven primarily by scale: larger models, increased data, and expanding computational resources. However, rising energy costs, inference latency, and hardware constraints increasingly challenge this trajectory. This paper argues that intelligence—biological or artificial—does not primarily scale through raw computational expansion, but through the management of exchange under constraint. Drawing on cognitive science, systems theory, and prior work on exchange-based models of intelligence, the paper proposes a theoretical framework in which agentic intelligence scales through context management, proceduralization, and the assembly of reusable units of exchange. Unlike approaches that focus solely on model compression …

Numerical Simulations Of The Impacts Of Co2-Induced Calcite Dissolution On The Permeability And Elastic Parameters Of Rocks, Yang Bo, Xu Tianfu, Feng Guanhong, Zhu Huixing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective CO₂ dissolution in water tends to induce mineral reactions, thus significantly changing the pore structure of rocks and further affecting their seepage and mechanical properties. This phenomenon poses a major impact on the suitability and long-term safety of geologic CO₂ sequestration engineering. Methods Using a simulation technology that combines the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and the finite element method (FEM), this study systematically investigated the calcite dissolution characteristics of calcite-bearing rock samples under varying injection rates of a saturated solution of CO₂. Furthermore, the dynamic evolution patterns of the permeability and elastic parameters (bulk and …

Advances In Research On Geochemistry Of Co2 Storage In Basalts: Microscopic Mechanisms And Reaction Pathways, Ma Shijia, Xia Changyou, Gao Zhihao, Rui Zhenhua, Liang Xi

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Method The urgent need to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions has driven the development of CO₂ mineral trapping in basalts. To gain further insights into the microscopic mechanisms and reaction pathways of the mineral trapping, this study systematically reviews the geochemical reaction mechanisms involved, with a particular focus on the differences in reaction pathways between supercritical and dissolved CO₂ injection, the coupling between mineral dissolution and carbonate precipitation, and the key factors influencing these reactions. Advances In the case of supercritical CO₂ injection, CO₂ mineral trapping is achieved through multi-step coupling reactions in nanoscale …

Research And Application Of A Decision Support Platform For Geologic Co2 Storage Siting Based On A Global Case Database, Zhou Yinbang, Wang Rui, Zhen Yan, Dai Quanqi, Cheng Chuanjie

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Under the strategic background of reaching the goals of peak CO₂ emissions and carbon neutrality, there is an urgent need to address the core issue of geologic CO₂ storage (GCS) siting in the advancement of large-scale GCS deployment. Establishing a decision support platform based on a global GCS case database can provide key data and historical experience references for GCS siting, reduce storage risks and costs, and accelerate industrial layout. Furthermore, the platform can offer a scientific basis for formulating related policies and conducting technological R&D.Methods This study proposed and developed a comprehensive evaluation system for …

2025-2026 Piano Passion From The Studio Of Roberta Rust, Owen Chen, Ana-Maria Uzunova, Ian Lewis, Aidan Quintana, Ziling Wang, Zion Pe Montebon, Hanting Peng, Gabrielle Siena, Caroline Dratnal, Diego Suarez

Studio Recitals

No abstract provided.

The Earth Charter As Green Fire, Mary (Joy) Philip

Consensus

No abstract provided.

Learning In/With The Land: Intersectionality, The Earth Charter, And The Trc Calls To Action In Theological Education, Héctor A. Acero Ferrer

Consensus

No abstract provided.

Cree Pedagogy: Dance Your Style, Allen Jorgenson

Consensus

Book Review Cree Pedagogy: Dance Your Style Angelina Weenie, Willie Ermine, Kevin Lewis, Ida Swan, Mary Sasakamoose, Jeffery Cappo, and Deanne Pelletier Canadian Scholars, 2024

Climate Refugees: Justice And Global Warming, Tiana Kopilas

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

To Till And Keep: Encountering God Through Nature, Gloria Mele

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

Jesus And Trees: From Separation To Connection, Mark Zschocke

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

Wounds That Mend: Rebecca Belmore’S Fringe And The Healing Of The Earth And Body, Muznah Moiz

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

Embracing The Earth: Reconnecting With Nature Through Spirituality, Art, And Climate Justice, Mais Haj-Ayoub

Consensus

This essay was written for the course “TH530A-A: God and Theological Reflection,” taught by Mary (Joy) Philip at Martin Luther University College, Fall 2025.

Holy Hurt: Understanding Spiritual Trauma And The Process Of Healing, Sehrish Haroon

Consensus

Book Review Holy Hurt: Understanding Spiritual Trauma and the Process of Healing Hilary McBride Brazos Press, 2025

Christ In The Rubble: Faith, The Bible, And The Genocide In Gaza, David G. A. Pfrimmer

Consensus

Book Review Christ in the Rubble: Faith, the Bible, and the Genocide in Gaza Munther Isaac Eerdmans, 2025

Forgiveness, Jeffrey Dale

Consensus

Book Review Forgiveness Hiro Kanagawa (Text) and Cindy Mochizuki (Illustrations)  Based on the memoir Forgiveness: A Gift from My Grandparents by Mark Sakamoto Playwrights Canada Press, 2023

A Novel Hybrid Distance-Based Similarity Measures For N-Valued Neutrosophic Trapezoidal Numbers And Its Applications, Vakkas Uluçay

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

An Approach For Solving Unconstrained And Constrained Neutrosophic Geometric Integer Programming Problems, Alaa Mokhtar, Mohamed Solomon, Rabie Mosaad, Eman Mostafa

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Policing Agency Data Trusts, Barry Friedman

Northwestern University Law Review

Policing agencies are indiscriminately collecting, retaining, and using vast quantities of personal data from people who are suspected of no unlawful conduct whatsoever. This has caused expressions of concern or caution from many quarters, including—notably—the Director of National Intelligence (DNI). In a declassified report, the Office of the DNI stated that massive amounts of data are being collected “on nearly everyone that is of a type and level of sensitivity . . . that could be used to cause harm to an individual’s reputation, emotional well-being, or physical safety.”

This practice of universal data collection presents a conundrum. As many …