Digital Commons Network^™

Amino Acids Were Not All Created Equal, Peter H. Selle, Shemil P. Macelline, Peter V. Chrystal, Sonia Y. Liu

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

The contention that amino acids were not all created equal is based on the simple premise that intestinal uptakes of non-bound (synthetic, crystalline, feed-grade) amino acids are more rapid than their protein-bound counterparts. The post-enteral ramifications of this difference in bioequivalence are amplified in broiler chickens given their express growth rates and just one complication is the post-prandial oxidation of amino acids. The lack of bioequivalence between non-bound and protein-bound amino acids is a real obstacle to the development and adoption of reduced-crude protein diets that have the potential to promote sustainable chicken-meat production Thus, the purpose of this paper …

Recent Advancements On Calcium And Phosphorus Recommendations In Broilers, Justina Caldas, Marcelo Silva

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Calcium and phosphorus have been recognized essential nutrients in chickens since 1950’s (Lesson & Summers, 2001) playing important roles in bone development, among other functions. Calcium is assumed an inexpensive nutrient in animal least cost formulation while phosphorus is considered expensive and scant. The actual economic impact comes from the influence of calcium on phosphorus requirements, changes in phosphorus digestibility, buffer capacity, gut health, trace mineral absorption, fat digestibility, welfare traits, etc. Both minerals have important interactions to be considered during formulation. Few changes have been made over the past 20 years to calcium and phosphorus recommendations because these values …

Decoding The Gut Microbiome; Providing Solutions For Poultry Production, Nichoals Evans, Peter Karnezos, Curtis Novak, Diana Ayala, Emily Kimminau, Kay Russo

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

The term “microbiome” refers to all the micro-organisms within a particular environment. In poultry, the microbiome is influenced by the barn, diet, and age of the birds and is believed to modulate immunity and inflammation. In the past, culture methods were primarily used to evaluate the presence of the various micro-organisms present in the microbiome; however, recent technological advances in genomic sequencing have revolutionized sample analysis. This technology has opened new avenues of research in poultry production and our understanding of the associated health challenges. Turkey cellulitis has been a major economic and health concern for many years. Traditional bacterial …

Application Of Nutritional Immunology In The Mitigation Of Economic And Production Losses In The Poultry Industry Associated With Food-Borne Pathogens, Coccidiosis, And Necrotic Enteritis., Shahna Fathima, Ramesh K. Selvaraj

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics were used in poultry production since the 1950s for improved production, prophylaxis, and animal welfare. Extensive and indiscriminatory use of antibiotics led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in food-borne pathogens of public health significance (Jones & Ricke, 2003). As per the United States Centre for Disease Control, more than 2.8 million infections in 2019 were caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. Due to public health concerns, the use of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock production was prohibited by Sweden and Denmark in 1986 and 1998 respectively (Hammerum et al., 2007). The European Union banned the use …

A Dynamic Approach To Feed Formulation, Rob Gous

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the opportunity cost of using fixed tables of nutrient requirements when formulating feeds for broilers can be considerable, and that nutritionists should consider a more dynamic approach to defining the lower bounds of amino acids in particular, in line with the objective of the business, which is to maximise profit. In order to do this, it is necessary to consider the potential growth rate of the broiler, the cost of feed and amount of feed consumed, and the income generated from the sale of product.

Transitioning To Net Energy: A Swine Story, John F. Patience

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Net energy (NE) is one member of the sequence of energy systems which also includes gross energy (GE), digestible energy (DE), and metabolizable energy (ME). It is perhaps the most sophisticated because it attempts to consider more components of the ingredient or diet which normally cannot be used by the pig for maintenance and/or productive purposes. Gross energy makes no such adjustment and therefore has little direct value in diet formulation. Digestible energy corrects for energy which is lost in the feces, and metabolizable energy also adjusts for energy lost in the urine. The data in Table …

Where Can We Go With Net Energy In Poultry?, Katie Hilton

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Metabolizable energy (ME) is the main system used globally in poultry industry for feed formulation and for evaluating feed ingredients and mixed feeds (de Boer and Bickel, 1988). ME is considered a reliable index of what is available to the bird for maintenance and production but is not a predictor of how efficiently the bird uses the available energy (MacLeod, 2000). The ME system developed by Hill and Anderson (1958) was reported to provide less variation in energy values for feed and ingredients than the Fraps PE system, but MacLeod (1994, 1997, 1999) suggest that the low variation …

Limestone Solubility: What Can You Do About It?, Wenting Li, Katie Hilton, Franco Mussini, Janet Remus

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Calcium (Ca) is essential for bone development mineralisation, as well as for eggshell formation, muscle and neural functions. Depending on the type of diets (veggie vs. non-veggie), species (turkey, chicken, duck), and age of animal (young vs. adult), limestone can contribute up to 95% total Ca in the final diet, with more Ca from limestone for younger animals with veggie diet. Despite the significant contribution of limestone to total diet Ca levels, the bioavailability variation of limestone Ca is rarely considered. Phosphorus (P) is a limited resource and is the third most costly ingredient in poultry …

Decision In Habeas Proceeding - Fusl000121 (2021-12-22)

Decisions in Habeas Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Habeas Petitioner's Reply - Fusl000121 (2021-12-20)

Habeas Petitioners' Replies

No abstract provided.

Habeas Response - Fusl000121 (2021-12-16)

Habeas Responses

No abstract provided.

Back Cover, Maria Cruz

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Habeas Petition - Fusl000121 (2021-11-23)

Habeas Petitions

No abstract provided.

Beyond My Name: Ethiopians And Ethiopian Americans Confronting Identity, Language, Culture, And Education, Yeab Kebede

McNair Research Journal SJSU

This research project explores the cultural and educational paradigms present in both Ethiopian and American social systems. Ongoing ethnic tensions in Ethiopia have contributed to political instability and social upheaval resulting in shifts in identity formation and language usage in the United States. The central research question focuses on how Ethiopian Americans maintain their cultural practices in relation to American constructs of Blackness. 60 qualitative survey responses were gathered to examine the complexities of identity, language, and education within the Ethiopian diaspora. This demographic is under researched and requires additional inquiry and analysis to further contribute to the field of …

The Effects Of Nutrition And Exercise On The Mental Wellness Of Preschool Children, Reem Farhat

McNair Research Journal SJSU

When it comes to mental health, young children are often not researched and their tantrums or mood swings are not taken seriously, when in reality these small behavioral issues could be pointing to a larger issue. Children are the most overlooked when it comes to mental health diagnosis and treatment, unless the child begins to display extreme behavior (Philpott et al., 2019). However, preventative mental health care is arguably more pragmatic and less taboo than diagnosis and treatment. While there is research to support the use of exercise and nutrition in mental wellness, there is still not enough done within …

Visualizing Hormonal Effects On Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophic Growth Dynamics Using Digital Holographic Microscopy: Does Size Matter?, Jacquelyn Simmons

McNair Research Journal SJSU

Heart disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the United States. Humans are unable to regenerate their heart tissue following an injury. However, neonatal mice are able to regenerate their heart tissue when cardiomyocytes (CMs) proliferate. This regenerative ability is lost approximately one week after birth when proliferating mononucleated CMs become binucleated and can no longer complete the cell-cycle. Recent studies have shown the combined inhibition of thyroid hormone (T3) and norepinephrine (NE) increases CM proliferation, promotes heart regeneration, and reduces cell size in vivo. Using digital holographic microscopy, the aim of this study was to (1) …

Postpartum Depression In Women Of Color, Barbara Sanchez

McNair Research Journal SJSU

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a mental health complication experienced during pregnancy and/or in the months following childbirth. Women may struggle to seek treatment due to lack of education, unstable relationships, lack of support, and being low-income. Some of these factors may be particularly salient for women of color. Cultural nuances may also deter these women from seeking treatment and finding support to help manage their PPD symptoms. Treatment options and therapy have demonstrated a reduction in symptoms for women experiencing PPD. Future directions are also discussed.

The Effect Of Cultural And Traditional Customs On Mexican And Mexican-American Women’S Development Of Identity In The Bay Area, Victoria Garcia

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Medical Cannabis Treatments, Ariana Esfahani

McNair Research Journal SJSU

This research report examines past research studies on marijuana therapy interventions involving individuals who have Autism Spectrum Disorder, Epilepsy, and Tourette’s Syndrome. These results do not ensure marijuana as a permanent method to cure adverse symptoms for these vulnerable populations. However, these large-scale studies have shown a trend of marijuana being effective for some participants involved in decreasing and/or improving their symptom frequency. This report will contribute to the knowledge pool on the safety and effectiveness of marijuana therapy.

Front Matter, Maria Cruz

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Front Cover, Brooke Finister, Taylor-Dawn Francis

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Full Issue

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Atmospheric Waves Experiment (Awe) Science To Calibration Requirements, Harri Latvakoski, Mike Taylor

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Atmospheric Waves Experiment (AWE) is a mission to study gravity waves (upward propagating pressure waves) in the Earth’s atmosphere. The AWE science objectives are to quantify seasonal and regional variabilities and influences of gravity waves near the mesopause, identify the dominant dynamical processes controlling the gravity waves, and estimate the wider role of gravity waves in the ionosphere-thermosphere-mesosphere. This presentation will discuss the development of AWE from the science objectives to a practical mission design and from the mission concept to calibration requirements.

Data, Calibration And Processing Of Thermal Infrared Data From The Lisr Iss Mission, Andreas Brunn, Alan Rainot, Marius Bierdel, Max Gulde, Akshay Miryalkar, Atin Jain

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Longwave Infrared Sensing demonstratoR (LisR) mission is a longwave infrared camera which is flying on board the International Space Station (ISS), launched in February 2022 with first light in early March 2022.

This demonstrator, developed by the founders of ConstellR at Fraunhofer Institute of High Speed Dynamics in Freiburg/ Germany, is a platform to demonstrate the capabilities of cryo-cooled long wave infrared detectors from space. The goal of this mission is to derive high-accuracy Land Surface Temperature (LST) information used for better planning and efficiency in the agricultural sector. This information is critical in order to ensure the sustainability of …

Olci L1 Radiometric Uncertainties Validation, A. Deru, L. Bourg, N. Lamquin, S. Hunt, S. Dransfeld

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The Sentinel-3 satellites, S3A and S3B, have been respectively launched in 2016 and 2018, by the European Space Agency (ESA) as part of the European Commission’s (EC) Copernicus program, and have continuously acquired images of the Earth since then. Both satellites carry the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) dedicated to scanning the ocean and land surface to harvest information of Earth visible and NIR radiances returned from the Earth’s surface to the sensor. The quality of the OLCI data is ensured through rigorous calibration and validation activity, but also thanks to the provisioning of prognostic uncertainties on the measurements. …

Correction For Dependence Of Instrument Elevation/Beta Angles On Goes-16 Abi Solar Calibration, Haifeng Qian, Xiangqian Wu, Fangfang Yu, Hyelim Yoo, Aaron Pearlman

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

GOES-16, the first in a series of new generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), carries an Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) with six Visible and Near Infrared (VNIR) channels that are calibrated periodically with an onboard solar diffuser. After its launch in 2016, we found seasonal changes in the time series of some VNIR channel gains that cannot be explained by instrument degradation nor measurement errors. This was thought to be related to the implementation of the different solar calibration algorithm version and the impacts of satellite instrument angles condition. To characterize and quantify this seasonal variation and measurement bias, we …

Trishna In-Orbit Radiometric Calibration, Sebastien Marcq, Emilie Delogu, Robin Marron

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

TRISHNA is an Indian-French cooperative mission to be launched in 2025. Its principal focus will be on evapo-transpiration, ecosystem stress, and coastal oceans sea surface temperature. The satellite will host two payloads: one instrument in the VSWIR range – 7 bands from 485 to 1600 nm under ISRO’s responsibility, and one instrument in the TIR range – 4 bands from 8.5 to 11.5 μm. The resolution of both instruments is 57m at nadir and their swath is about 1000 km. TRISHNA’s TIR and VSWIR instruments will be extensively calibrated and characterized in on-ground facilities to ensure that their performance will …

In-Orbit Radiometric Performance Of Sentinel-2/Msi: Inter-Comparison With Landsat8/Oli-1 And Landsat9/Oli-2 Over Desert Pics Using Dimitri-Toolbox, B. Alhammoud, C. Mackenzie, J. Jackson, S. Clerc, J. Bruniquel, B. Lafrance, S. Enache, R. Iannone, V. Boccia, M. Bouvet

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The Sentinel-2 constellation consists of two units MSI-A & MSI-B, which are Earth Observation (EO) optical missions developed and operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) in the framework of the Copernicus programme of the European Commission.

The Copernicus Sentinel Optical Mission Performance Cluster (OPT-MPC) is responsible of the calibration, validation, and image quality of the user product. The inter-unit consistency of the radiometry measurements is critical for the mission as more Sentinel-2 platforms are planned in the future. In order to assess the validity and temporal stability of the radiometry measurements we use independent vicarious calibration methods for EO …

Defining “Different”–How Distinctive Methods Of Textual Interpretation Led To The Abduction Enhancement Circuit Split, Adam Manaa

Pepperdine Law Review

This note examines the federal circuit courts’ differing approaches to interpreting the robbery abduction enhancement in the United States Sentencing Guidelines. Specifically, this note sets forth how the Sixth Circuit’s strict method of textual interpretation in United States v. Hill led to the erroneous holding that the term “different location” refers to “a place different from the store that is being robbed.” This note argues the court should have taken a more holistic interpretative approach, taking the underlying purpose of the Guidelines into account.

Counselor Self-Reported Competence For Working With Kink Clients: Clinical Experience Matters, Emily Y. Meyer Stewart, James M. Hepburn

Journal of Counseling Sexology & Sexual Wellness: Research, Practice, and Education

The experience of counselor stereotyping, bias, and misunderstanding is often very real for those who participate in adult, consensual, non-diagnosable paraphilic sexuality, commonly referred to as kink. A created Counselor Self-Reported Competency Scale, drawn from American Counseling Association competencies, and the Attitudes about Sadomasochism Scale were used to assess counselor knowledge and attitude for working with kink clients. This research suggests competence with kink clients increases as clinical experience working with kink clients increases. The ability to maintain a nonjudgmental attitude and open therapeutic environment seems linked to increased clinical experience with this sexual subculture.