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The Benefits Of Including Kids In The Kitchen, Cloie Malan, Stacy Bevan, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos Oct 2022

The Benefits Of Including Kids In The Kitchen, Cloie Malan, Stacy Bevan, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos

All Current Publications

earning to cook is an essential life skill everyone should strive to develop at some point in their life. Involving kids in the kitchen is a great way to kickstart that learning from a young age and comes with numerous benefits. Cooking with kids provides opportunities to teach them about food and nutrition. Consequently, getting your kids cooking may be a great way to raise less picky and more adventurous eaters. The purpose of this fact sheet is to explore the benefits of cooking with children and provide some helpful tips to get started.


Debunking Covid-19 Myths In Utah, Jessica Ulrich-Schad, Aaron Hunt Oct 2022

Debunking Covid-19 Myths In Utah, Jessica Ulrich-Schad, Aaron Hunt

All Current Publications

Authors identified common myths about the COVID-19 vaccine and booster from a survey of over 500 adults across the state of Utah. This poster displays the myths and the respective facts. It includes links for finding more information and a place to get vaccinated or boosted.


Blood Culture Utilization Practices Among Febrile And/Or Hypothermic Inpatients, Kap Sum Foong, Satish Munigala, Stephanie Kern-Allely, David K Warren Oct 2022

Blood Culture Utilization Practices Among Febrile And/Or Hypothermic Inpatients, Kap Sum Foong, Satish Munigala, Stephanie Kern-Allely, David K Warren

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Predictors associated with the decision of blood culture ordering among hospitalized patients with abnormal body temperature are still underexplored, particularly non-clinical factors. In this study, we evaluated the factors affecting blood culture ordering in febrile and hypothermic inpatients.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 15,788 adult inpatients with fever (≥ 38.3℃) or hypothermia (< 36.0℃) from January 2016 to December 2017. We evaluated the proportion of febrile and hypothermic episodes with an associated blood culture performed within 24h. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to determine independent predictors associated with blood culture ordering among febrile and hypothermic inpatients.

RESULTS: We identified 21,383 abnormal body temperature episodes among 15,788 inpatients (13,093 febrile and 8,290 hypothermic episodes). Blood cultures were performed in 36.7% (7,850/ 21,383) of these episodes. Predictors for blood culture ordering among inpatients with abnormal body temperature included fever ≥ 39℃ (adjusted …


Review: Counterstories From The Writing Center By Wonderful Faison And Frankie Condon, Alexandria Hanson Oct 2022

Review: Counterstories From The Writing Center By Wonderful Faison And Frankie Condon, Alexandria Hanson

The Writing Center Journal

Counterstories from the Writing Center is a book that centers the perspectives and experiences of peoples of color in writing centers as tutors, administrators, and students. The book aims to educate all readers, but specifically “white, straight, cisgendered women (WSCGW)” (p. 5), whose presence has permeated writing center scholarship and work, about how writing centers often engage in representational change or practice, applying Band-Aid solutions that fail to enact social justice and antiracist practices. The goal of the book is to get readers to exercise a certain level of humility, to reflect on and accept responsibility, in order to enact …


Towards Glueball Masses Of Large-N Su(N) Pure-Gauge Theories Without Topological Freezing, Claudio Bonanno, Massimo D'Elia, Biagio Lucini, Davide Vadacchino Oct 2022

Towards Glueball Masses Of Large-N Su(N) Pure-Gauge Theories Without Topological Freezing, Claudio Bonanno, Massimo D'Elia, Biagio Lucini, Davide Vadacchino

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

In commonly used Monte Carlo algorithms for lattice gauge theories the integrated autocorrelation time of the topological charge is known to be exponentially-growing as the continuum limit is approached. This topological freezing, whose severity increases with the size of the gauge group, can result in potentially large systematics. To provide a direct quantification of the latter, we focus on Yang–Mills theory at a lattice spacing for which conventional methods associated to the decorrelation of the topological charge have an unbearable computational cost. We adopt the recently proposed parallel tempering on boundary conditions algorithm, which has been shown to remove systematic …


Optimal Synthesis Of Crank-Rocker Mechanisms With Optimum Transmission Angle For Desired Stroke And Time-Ratio Using Genetic Programming, Bahman Ahmadi, Behnam Ahmadi Oct 2022

Optimal Synthesis Of Crank-Rocker Mechanisms With Optimum Transmission Angle For Desired Stroke And Time-Ratio Using Genetic Programming, Bahman Ahmadi, Behnam Ahmadi

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Dimensional synthesis of crank-rocker mechanisms applied to provide some desired values of stroke and time ratio, is of utmost importance for designing an efficient mechanism. In the synthesis and manufacturing of crank-rocker mechanisms, the designers are further challenged by other design criteria, such as quality of motion. In this study, a novel approach based on genetic programming (GP) is proposed for dimensional synthesis of planar crank-rocker mechanisms with optimum transmission angle over the desired stroke and time-ratio. An analytical approach is elaborated which leads to an interesting relationship of length of the coupler and rocker links. It is, therefore, advised …


Justification For The Creation Of A Pumped Storage Power Plant On The Basis Of The Cascade Of The Urta-Chirchik Hpps, M M. Mukhammadiev, K S. Dzhuraev, E D. Ismailov Oct 2022

Justification For The Creation Of A Pumped Storage Power Plant On The Basis Of The Cascade Of The Urta-Chirchik Hpps, M M. Mukhammadiev, K S. Dzhuraev, E D. Ismailov

Technical science and innovation

The article deals with the creation of a pumped storage power plant. PSPP is the most efficient option for generating electricity in the conditions of Uzbekistan, especially at the Urta-Chirchik cascade. We have discovered a pumped storage power plant in Bustanlik region, Bulaksu-Khojikent PSPP, Kizilsui-Khojikent PSP, Charvak HPP-PSPP and Pskem PSPP, and were convinced that they would justify all the money spent. In the pumped storage power plant in Bustanlik region the necessary infrastructure is available in full, and the production base of the Tashkent region and Bostanlyk district of the Republic is subject to use, taking into account the …


High-Sensitivity Optical Fiber Sensing Based On A Computational And Distributed Vernier Effect, Chen Zhu, Jie Huang Oct 2022

High-Sensitivity Optical Fiber Sensing Based On A Computational And Distributed Vernier Effect, Chen Zhu, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article reports a novel concept of computational microwave photonics and distributed Vernier effect for sensitivity enhancement in a distributed optical fiber sensor based on an optical carrier microwave interferometry (OCMI) system. The sensor system includes a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) array formed by cascaded fiber in-line reflectors. Using OCMI interrogation, information on each of the interferometers (i.e., sensing interferometers) can be obtained, from which an array of reference interferometers can be constructed accordingly. By superimposing the interferograms of each sensing interferometer and its corresponding reference interferometer, distributed Vernier effect can be generated, so that the measurement sensitivity of each of …


Fluoride Technology For Processing Copper Production Slag At Almalyk Mmc And The Possibility Of Its Application For The Synthesis Of Highly Dispersed Silica Dioxide, M Sh Kurbanov, U M. Nuraliev, J A. Panjiev, S A. Tulaganov, M Ernazarov, L S. Andriyko Oct 2022

Fluoride Technology For Processing Copper Production Slag At Almalyk Mmc And The Possibility Of Its Application For The Synthesis Of Highly Dispersed Silica Dioxide, M Sh Kurbanov, U M. Nuraliev, J A. Panjiev, S A. Tulaganov, M Ernazarov, L S. Andriyko

Technical science and innovation

A new pilot-plant equipment of an inclined rotary furnace for the processing of fluoroammonium silicon-containing materials has been developed and manufactured, which allowed sublimation of ammonium hexafluorosilicate, formed as a result of fluorination of processed raw materials, in two sections, with autonomous control of temperature and movement of raw materials. It is shown that the use of the created equipment for the processing of copper-smelting slags of the Almalyk MMC using fluoride technology makes it possible to separate amorphous silicon dioxide in the form of a dispersed powder from slags, extract iron and obtain a collective concentrate of precious, non-ferrous …


Selective Reduction Of Trivalent Iron In Zinc Ferrite Using Elemental Sulphur, B T. Berdiyarov, Sh T. Khojiev, J B. Ismailov, S T. Matkarimov, Sh O. Ismatov Oct 2022

Selective Reduction Of Trivalent Iron In Zinc Ferrite Using Elemental Sulphur, B T. Berdiyarov, Sh T. Khojiev, J B. Ismailov, S T. Matkarimov, Sh O. Ismatov

Technical science and innovation

In this article, the process laws and technological aspects of the process of sintering the zinc-containing waste of a zinc plant with technical sulfur are considered. Zinc cake is obtained during the sulfuric acid leaching of calcined zinc ores and contains about 20% zinc and additional metals such as indium, cadmium, lead and copper. Copper cakes are somewhat difficult to work with because they contain ferrites and silicates belonging to acid-resistant spinels. Since the chemical and mineralogical composition of zinc production cakes consists of complex oxides, finding ways to process them is one of the actual topics of zinc metallurgy. …


Co-Op Care - The Case For Co-Operative Care In Ireland, Gerard Doyle Oct 2022

Co-Op Care - The Case For Co-Operative Care In Ireland, Gerard Doyle

Articles

No abstract provided.


Occupational Characteristics Associated With Sars-Cov-2 Infection In The Uk Biobank During August-November 2020: A Cohort Study, Elizabeth L Yanik, Bradley A Evanoff, Ann Marie Dale, Yinjiao Ma, Karen E Walker-Bone Oct 2022

Occupational Characteristics Associated With Sars-Cov-2 Infection In The Uk Biobank During August-November 2020: A Cohort Study, Elizabeth L Yanik, Bradley A Evanoff, Ann Marie Dale, Yinjiao Ma, Karen E Walker-Bone

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Occupational exposures may play a key role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection risk. We used a job-exposure matrix linked to the UK Biobank to measure occupational characteristics and estimate associations with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test.

METHODS: People reporting job titles at their baseline interview in England who were < 65 years of age in 2020 were included. Healthcare workers were excluded because of differential access to testing. Jobs were linked to the US Occupational Information Network (O*NET) job exposure matrix. O*NET-based scores were examined for occupational physical proximity, exposure to diseases/infection, working outdoors exposed to weather, and working outdoors under cover (score range = 1-5). Jobs were classified as remote work using two algorithms. SARS-CoV-2 test results were evaluated between August 5th-November 10th, 2020, when the UK was released from lockdown. Cox regression was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), accounting for age, sex, race, education, neighborhood deprivation, assessment center, household size, and income.

RESULTS: We included 115,451 people with job titles, of whom 1746 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. A one-point increase in physical proximity score was associated with 1.14 times higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 (95%CI = 1.05-1.24). A one-point increase in the exposure to diseases/infections score was associated with 1.09 …


Evaluation Of The Stress-Strain State Of The Kochbulak And Kyzylalma Deposits With Tectonic Stresses Included With The Finite Element Method, A Markov, A R. Khasanov, A N. Kazakov, M R. Khaqberdiyev, M X. Rakhimova Oct 2022

Evaluation Of The Stress-Strain State Of The Kochbulak And Kyzylalma Deposits With Tectonic Stresses Included With The Finite Element Method, A Markov, A R. Khasanov, A N. Kazakov, M R. Khaqberdiyev, M X. Rakhimova

Technical science and innovation

In the world, the modern development of the mining industry is directly related to the development of complex structural mineral deposits at great depths under conditions of geodynamic and geomechanical risk. Especially when mining mineral deposits underground at great depths, rock pressure is manifested in a dynamic form and there is a danger of rock bursts. The practice of mining in rock burst conditions and the fight against rock bursts have more than 100 years of history. However, many important issues are currently far from being resolved, which is due to the complex nature of the stress-strain state of the …


Analysis Of Functionality Of Statistical Data In Geovisualization Of Population Dynamics, L Gulyamova, M Sh Shafkarova, D N. Rakhmonov Oct 2022

Analysis Of Functionality Of Statistical Data In Geovisualization Of Population Dynamics, L Gulyamova, M Sh Shafkarova, D N. Rakhmonov

Technical science and innovation

The article deals with the analysis of population density with the help of geo information programs, the process of visualization of the integration of statistical and geographical data, the structure of the technological sequence. One of the methods for describing the relative productivity of land data is considered. Geo information systems can support the decision-making process in the design and selection phase with limited capabilities, and these systems provide a very static modeling environment. This limits their scope as a decision support tool, especially at stages where collaborative problem solving decisions are required.


Biochar Preparation, Investigation Of Properties And Application As A Low-Cost Adsorbent – A Review, A Kh Aripov, S M. Turabdzhanov, Sh Komilova, O Sh Qodirov, G S. Rakhimova, T V. Darabkova, Zh Aimenova, L S. Rakhimova Oct 2022

Biochar Preparation, Investigation Of Properties And Application As A Low-Cost Adsorbent – A Review, A Kh Aripov, S M. Turabdzhanov, Sh Komilova, O Sh Qodirov, G S. Rakhimova, T V. Darabkova, Zh Aimenova, L S. Rakhimova

Technical science and innovation

An overview of current developments in biochar application in water and wastewater treatment is given in this article, along with a brief explanation of the sorption mechanisms for removing contaminants and the techniques for biochar preparation. In order to encourage the continued use of biochar in effective water and wastewater treatment, future research directions and environmental concerns about biochar are also presented.


Method Of Intelligent Control Of The Process Of Rectification Of Multicomponent Mixtures, N R. Yusupbekov, Y Sh Avazov Oct 2022

Method Of Intelligent Control Of The Process Of Rectification Of Multicomponent Mixtures, N R. Yusupbekov, Y Sh Avazov

Technical science and innovation

An intelligent method of controlling a rectification column, which implements the technological process of separation of multicomponent mixtures by rectification method, is proposed. The advantage of the method is that it uses an advanced process control system (APC-system) and a distributed control system at the same time. The proposed intellectual method of controlling the process of rectification of multicomponent mixtures for the application of APC-systems and a net model of situational control allows to increase the quality of the product coming from the rectification column, and the efficiency of the rectification of the mixture column, to increase the quality of …


Assessment Of Stability Of The Body Elements Of A Dynamometric Car For Special Technical Purpose, F F. Khikmatov, Y O. Ruzmetov Oct 2022

Assessment Of Stability Of The Body Elements Of A Dynamometric Car For Special Technical Purpose, F F. Khikmatov, Y O. Ruzmetov

Technical science and innovation

In the work, studies were carried out to assess the stability of the body elements of a dynamometric car for special technical purposes for the railways of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Distinctive features of the proposed design of the dynamometric car from the car of the analogue model 61-907 are considered. The results of theoretical calculations for the stability of the body elements of the developed design of a dynamometric car in three design modes are given: under compression, tension and impact.


The Vibration Sources Of Car Tractor Attachments, Sh Kh Kurbanov, U A. Rajapbayev Oct 2022

The Vibration Sources Of Car Tractor Attachments, Sh Kh Kurbanov, U A. Rajapbayev

Technical science and innovation

This article presents measures to protect against the noise of operators during the work of machine-tractor units, and to prevent the occurrence of vibration as a result of tractor movement during work. Methods of acoustic processing of noise and vibration D-144; It has been proven that the noise characteristics of D-240T engines vary depending on the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft.


Features Designing Special Clothing For The Hot Climate Of Uzbekistan, N Kh Mirtalipova, N A. Isaxujayeva Oct 2022

Features Designing Special Clothing For The Hot Climate Of Uzbekistan, N Kh Mirtalipova, N A. Isaxujayeva

Technical science and innovation

This paper considers the issues of establishing the relationship between the properties of fabric, clothing design and the comfort of clothing; communication of the size of the human body, allowance for free fitting, modern design when developing the design of clothing; connection of the allowance for free fitting with a suitable air gap. A diagram is given that characterizes the dependence of the comfort of clothing on its design and properties of fabrics. A mathematical model of the processes of air exchange in the underwear space is considered, which will allow obtaining more complete information and establishing more stringent dependences …


Analysis Of Mechatronically Controlled Turbines And Their Layout Schemes Used In Middle-Class Internal Combustion Engines, F Umerov, A Yangibaev Oct 2022

Analysis Of Mechatronically Controlled Turbines And Their Layout Schemes Used In Middle-Class Internal Combustion Engines, F Umerov, A Yangibaev

Technical science and innovation

This article will talk about the prospects for the possible use of gas-cylinder equipment on turbine internal combustion engines with a direct power supply system, consider the main possible methods of using such equipment and their results, identifying the best among them, taking such well-known car models as Chevrolet Tracker and Chevrolet Onyx as an example. Today there is an increase in the trend of transferring the car to two fuel supply. Installing gas-cylinder equipment on a turbo has also become quite popular. It is not difficult to make such a translation. It is only important to do this in …


Extraction Of Cellulose Nanocrystals From Secondary Paper Waste And Their Use In Paper Production, E A. Egamberdiev, S K. Norboyev Oct 2022

Extraction Of Cellulose Nanocrystals From Secondary Paper Waste And Their Use In Paper Production, E A. Egamberdiev, S K. Norboyev

Technical science and innovation

Cellulose nanocrystals were obtained by hydrolysis process from waste paper industry. The result of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for nanocellulose showed that no new chemical bonds were formed during the preparation of nanocellulose. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that the crystallinity of the macules produced in the treated and untreated paper industry was 66% and 73.8%, respectively. The results of nanocellulose revealed a natural needle-like fiber with a length of 300 nm to 600 nm, a diameter of 10 nm to 30 nm, and an aspect ratio in the range of 10 to 60. It was found that …


Nurse-Policymaker Process Improvements: Legislative Action Interest Group Participation In Policymaking, Brooke Newman Oct 2022

Nurse-Policymaker Process Improvements: Legislative Action Interest Group Participation In Policymaking, Brooke Newman

Dissertations

Governmental officials influenced health care decision-making rather than dialoguing with nurses, which was a call to action for Doctor of Nursing Practice leaders to mitigate the legislative governance process problem. The local professional nursing organization, action coalition, and I aimed to disrupt the systemic nursing practice problem, identifying the Future of Nursing (2020-2030) report recommendations at the legislative advocacy forums. For members of professional nursing organizations and action coalitions in California (P), will a Legislative Action Interest Group (LAIG) bi-weekly forum (I) compared to no policy participation forum (C) improve nurse policy participation by 10 % (O) over 8 weeks …


2021 Saem Consensus Conference Proceedings: Research Priorities For Developing Emergency Department Screening Tools For Social Risks And Needs, Jacqueline Furbacher, Callan Fockele, Ben Del Buono, Laura Janneck, Cooper March, Melanie Molina, Herbet C Duber, Kelly M Doran, Michelle P Lin, Richelle J Cooper, Payal Modi Oct 2022

2021 Saem Consensus Conference Proceedings: Research Priorities For Developing Emergency Department Screening Tools For Social Risks And Needs, Jacqueline Furbacher, Callan Fockele, Ben Del Buono, Laura Janneck, Cooper March, Melanie Molina, Herbet C Duber, Kelly M Doran, Michelle P Lin, Richelle J Cooper, Payal Modi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: The Emergency Department (ED) acts as a safety net for our healthcare system. While studies have shown increased prevalence of social risks and needs among ED patients, there are many outstanding questions about the validity and use of social risks and needs screening tools in the ED setting.

METHODS: In this paper, we present research gaps and priorities pertaining to social risks and needs screening tools used in the ED, identified through a consensus approach informed by literature review and external expert feedback as part of the 2021 SAEM Consensus Conference -- From Bedside to Policy: Advancing Social Emergency …


Vitamin C Supplementation For The Treatment Of Covid-19: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Monika Olczak-Pruc, Damian Swieczkowski, Jerzy R Ladny, Michal Pruc, Raul Juarez-Vela, Zubaid Rafique, Frank W Peacock, Lukasz Szarpak Oct 2022

Vitamin C Supplementation For The Treatment Of Covid-19: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Monika Olczak-Pruc, Damian Swieczkowski, Jerzy R Ladny, Michal Pruc, Raul Juarez-Vela, Zubaid Rafique, Frank W Peacock, Lukasz Szarpak

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), millions of people have died, and the medical system has faced significant difficulties. Our purpose was to perform a meta-analysis to estimate the effect of vitamin C on in-hospital mortality and the ICU or hospital length of stay for patients diagnosed with COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We included studies that evaluated the effect of vitamin C supplementation, compared with standard treatment …


Lillian Cone Oct 2022

Lillian Cone

African American Funeral Programs

No abstract provided.


Using Constructivist Grounded Theory To Examine The Experiences Of Black British Female Managers: A Worked Example, Denise A. Miller Oct 2022

Using Constructivist Grounded Theory To Examine The Experiences Of Black British Female Managers: A Worked Example, Denise A. Miller

The Qualitative Report

Staff working at children and young people’s services (CYPS) are often charged with the responsibility of restructuring, developing, and putting into effect policies and procedures that are supposed to safeguard their clients and their colleagues from the effects of institutional racism. However, there continues to be incongruences between some leaders’ espoused commitment to equality, diversity and inclusion, and their actions. In this paper, I draw on a larger research project to critically reflect on the usefulness of constructivist grounded theory (CGT) as a methodological approach for developing understandings about the experiences of 10 Black British female managers working for CYPS. …


Lived Experiences Of Former Stem Undergraduate Mentors Of An Afterschool Mentoring Program: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Pamela Martínez Oquendo, Kristin Vanwyngaarden, Christine E. Cutucache Oct 2022

Lived Experiences Of Former Stem Undergraduate Mentors Of An Afterschool Mentoring Program: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Pamela Martínez Oquendo, Kristin Vanwyngaarden, Christine E. Cutucache

The Qualitative Report

Studies have identified gaps in the development of undergraduate students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Students lack communication and problem-solving, impeding employment opportunities post-graduation. It is essential to prepare students for employment in STEM fields, as these fields remain in high demand and offer competitive wages for economic stability. Research has revealed that students gain critical thinking and problem-solving skills through students mentoring experiences. Evidence surrounding the inclusion of active learning strategies for in-classroom pedagogy has expanded in recent years, but the support mechanisms beyond the classroom remain unclear. Herein, we followed students for a decade after participation …


Taj Mahal Hotel V. United India Insurance Co. Ltd: Re-Aligning The Focus On Consumer Protection Act, Sharad Bansal Advocate, Mumbai Oct 2022

Taj Mahal Hotel V. United India Insurance Co. Ltd: Re-Aligning The Focus On Consumer Protection Act, Sharad Bansal Advocate, Mumbai

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

No abstract provided.


Protecting The Health Data Of Consumers: Need For An Iron-Clad Law In India, Ashutosh Tripathi Assistant Professor Of Law And Research Director, Tushar Behl Law Graduate Oct 2022

Protecting The Health Data Of Consumers: Need For An Iron-Clad Law In India, Ashutosh Tripathi Assistant Professor Of Law And Research Director, Tushar Behl Law Graduate

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

One of the major concerns for all countries presently dealing with COVID-19 pandemic is to strike a balance between the privacy rights of the patients and public health surveillance, which is being done through various apps like Aarogya Setu in India, which is needed in the larger interest of the society. Public health Surveillance system although with good intention has to respect the privacy of the people. Supreme Court of India has recognized right to privacy as a part of right to life under the art 21 of the Constitution of India in the Puttaswamy judgment. In this essay, it …


Free Services Or Privacy: Formulating The Choice For Consumers In Zero-Price Markets, Pankhudi Khandelwal Senior Research Associate Oct 2022

Free Services Or Privacy: Formulating The Choice For Consumers In Zero-Price Markets, Pankhudi Khandelwal Senior Research Associate

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

Zero-priced markets have become important in the present digital society. The revenue models of Facebook and Google use targeted advertising for revenues. Based on this, it can be argued that zero-priced products are not free as consumers ‘pay’ in form of attention to these advertisements. Zero-priced markets have the potential to be harmful for the consumers in form of less privacy. While the data protection law deals with the protection of personal data, however, this data is acquired by the companies on the basis of consent, performance of a contract or legitimate interests. Most consumers are either not aware about …