Digital Commons Network^™

Noise2clean: Cross-Device Side-Channel Traces Denoising With Unsupervised Deep Learning, Honggang Yu, Mei Wang, Xiyu Song, Haoqi Shan, Hongbing Qiu, Junyi Wang, Kaichen Yang

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Deep learning (DL)-based side-channel analysis (SCA) has posed a severe challenge to the security and privacy of embedded devices. During its execution, an attacker exploits physical SCA leakages collected from profiling devices to create a DL model for recovering secret information from victim devices. Despite this success, recent works have demonstrated that certain countermeasures, such as random delay interrupts or clock jitters, would make these attacks more complex and less practical in real-world scenarios. To address this challenge, we present a novel denoising scheme that exploits the U-Net model to pre-process SCA traces for “noises” (i.e., countermeasures) removal. Specifically, we …

Cascading Effects Of Cover Crops On The Subsequent Cash Crop Defense Against The Polyphagous Herbivore Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda), Adegboyega Fajemisin, Alexis Racelis, Rupesh Kariyat

Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent studies have started to show that the benefits of cover crops can cascade to the cash crop growing seasons. However, the impact of cover crops on the subsequent cash crop defense against herbivores is not well understood. To test this, we conducted a field and laboratory study to assess the possible cascading effects of cover crops such as Vigna unguiculata, Sorghum drummondii, Raphanus sativus, and Crotalaria juncea on the subsequent cash crop (Sorghum bicolor) defense against the notorious polyphagous herbivore fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) across three farms in the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Our field …

Major Questions And An Emergency Question Doctrine: The Biden Student Debt Case Study Of Pretextual Abuse Of Emergency Powers, Jed Handelsman Shugerman

Faculty Scholarship

The major question doctrine tries to address one problem, the Imperial Executive, by escalating another, the Imperial Judiciary. This article proposes a solution, with the Biden Student Debt Waiver as a case study: An “emergency question” doctrine.

This emergency questions doctrine would apply when the executive relies on a statutory emergency clause or invokes an emergency in its application of a statutory provision. As a matter of statutory interpretation, the emergency question doctrine would follow the two most important steps of the major question approach: 1) relying on purpose and context to clarify and limit the scope of open-ended emergency …

Policing & The Problem Of Physical Restraint, Steven Arrigg Koh

Faculty Scholarship

The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution prohibits unreasonable “seizures” and thus renders unlawful police use of excessive force. On one hand, this definition is expansive. In the U.S. Supreme Court’s 2021 Term, in Torres v. Madrid, the Court clarified that a “seizure” includes any police application of physical force to the body with intent to restrain. Crucially, Chief Justice Roberts’ majority opinion emphasized that police may seize even when merely laying “the end of a finger” on a layperson’s body. And yet, the Supreme Court’s Fourth Amendment totality-of-the-circumstances reasonableness balancing test is notoriously imprecise—a “factbound morass,” in the famous …

Sars-Cov-2-Specific T Cell And Humoral Immunity In Individuals With And Without Hiv In An African Population: A Prospective Cohort Study, Owen Ngalamika, Salum J. Lidenge, Marie Claire Mukasine, Musonda Kawimbe, Patrick Kamanzi, John R. Ngowi, Julius Mwaiselage, For Yue Tso

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: To longitudinally compare SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and humoral immune responses between convalescent individuals who are HIV-positive (HIV+) and HIV-negative (HIV-). Methods: We conducted enzyme-linked immunospots to determine the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses to spike and nucleocapsid, membrane protein, and other open reading frame proteins (NMO), whereas an immunofluorescence assay was used to determine the humoral responses. Participants were sampled at baseline and after 8 weeks of follow-up. Results: Individuals who are HIV- had significantly more T cell responses to NMO and spike than individuals who are HIV+ at baseline, P-value = 0.026 and P-value = 0.029, respectively. At follow-up, …

Competing Social Influence In Contested Diffusion: Luther, Erasmus And The Spread Of The Protestant Reformation, Sascha O. Becker, Steven Pfaff, Yuan Hsiao, Jared Rubin

ESI Working Papers

The spread of radical institutional change does not often result from one-sided pro-innovation influence; countervailing influence networks in support of the status quo can suppress adoption. We develop a model of multiple and competing network diffusion. To apply the contested-diffusion model to real data, we look at the contest between Martin Luther and Desiderius Erasmus, the two most influential intellectuals of early 16th-century Central Europe. Whereas Luther championed a radical reform of the Western Church that broke with Rome, Erasmus opposed him, stressing the unity of the Church. In the early phase of the Reformation, these two figures utilized influence …

Qualified Immunity’S Flawed Foundation, Alexander A. Reinert

Articles

Qualified immunity has faced trenchant criticism for decades, but recent events have renewed focus on this powerful defense to liability for constitutional violations. This Article takes aim at the roots of the doctrine—fundamental errors that have never been excavated. First, this Article demonstrates that the Supreme Court’s qualified immunity jurisprudence is premised on a flawed application of a dubious canon of statutory construction—namely, that statutes in “derogation” of the common law should be strictly construed. Applying the Derogation Canon, the Court has held that 42 U.S.C. § 1983’s silence regarding immunity should be taken as an implicit adoption of common …

Just Kidding? The Problem Of Unenforceable Waivers Of Liability, Anthony J. Sebok

Articles

No abstract provided.

Quantifying 64 Drugs, Illicit Substances, And D- And L- Isomers In Human Oral Fluid With Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Brian Robbins, Rob E. Carpenter, Mary Long, Jacob Perry

Human Resource Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

Although human oral fluid has become more routine for quantitative drug detection in pain management, detecting a large scope of medications and substances is costly and technically challenging for laboratories. This paper presents a quantitative assay for 64 pain medications, illicit substances, and drug metabolites in human oral fluid. The novelty of this assay is that it was developed on an older model AB SCIEX 4000 instrument and renders obscure the need for more technical and expensive laboratory equipment. This method includes addition of internal standard and a 2-step liquid-liquid extraction and dry-down step to concentrate and clean the samples. …

Elementary Principal Leadership And Special Education: A Case Study In The United States, Vivian M. Garrison

Dissertations and Theses

School districts have called upon principals to build capacity for inclusive learning environments and prioritize the needs of an increasingly diverse group of students. A principal's work to effectively include students so they are part of the school community and have opportunities to achieve academically has been challenging. As the instructional leader of the school, principals have played an essential role by collaborating with teachers and specialists, removing obstacles to learning, and ensuring that teachers meet the needs of all learners in their classrooms. They have also been held accountable for knowing the laws, policies, and best practices to support …

Privacy And/Or Trade, Anupam Chander, Paul M. Schwartz

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

International privacy and trade law developed together, but now are engaged in significant conflict. Current efforts to reconcile the two are likely to fail, and the result for globalization favors the largest international companies able to navigate the regulatory thicket. In a landmark finding, this Article shows that more than sixty countries outside the European Union are now evaluating whether foreign countries have privacy laws that are adequate to receive personal data. This core test for deciding on the permissibility of global data exchanges is currently applied in a nonuniform fashion with ominous results for the data flows that power …

Local Il-10 Delivery Modulates The Immune Response And Enhances Repair Of Volumetric Muscle Loss Muscle Injury, Tai Huynh, Cassandra Reed, Zain Blackwell, Peyton Phelps, Luis Carlos Pinzon-Herrera, Jorge Almodovar, David A. Zaharoff, Jeffery Wolchok

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that in addition to repairing the architectural and cellular cues via regenerative medicine, the delivery of immune cues (immunotherapy) may be needed to enhance regeneration following volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury. We identified IL-10 signaling as a promising immunotherapeutic target. To explore the impact of targeting IL-10 signaling, tibialis anterior (TA) VML injuries were created and then treated in rats using autologous minced muscle (MM). Animals received either recombinant rat IL-10 or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) controls injections at the site of VML repair beginning 7 days post injury (DPI) and continuing …

Fluvial Flood Losses In The Contiguous United States Under Climate Change, M.M. Rashid, T. Wahl, G. Villarini, A. Sharma

Faculty Publications

Flooding is one of the most devastating natural disasters causing significant economic losses. One of the dominant drivers of flood losses is heavy precipitation, with other contributing factors such as built environments and socio-economic conditions superimposed to it. To better understand the risk profile associated with this hazard, we develop probabilistic models to quantify the future likelihood of fluvial flood-related property damage exceeding a critical threshold (i.e., high property damage) at the state level across the conterminous United States. The model is conditioned on indicators representing heavy precipitation amount and frequency derived from observed and downscaled precipitation. The likelihood of …

Design And Characterization Of A Single Lever Bicycle Brake With Hydraulic Pressure Proportioning, Michael D. Machado, Vimal K. Viswanathan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Featured Application: The work described here aims to design and characterize a more efficient bicycle braking system. In 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that 329,000 Americans were injured in cycling-related incidents. Since the first bicycle brake in 1817, there has been an individual brake lever for decelerating each wheel, while on cars, there has been a single control lever for decelerating multiple wheels since 1921. To perform an emergency stop on a bicycle, the rider must proportion hand pressure on each brake lever and simultaneously vary hand pressure throughout the duration of the maneuver to match …

Student Awareness Of Models In First-Year Engineering Courses, Farshid Marbouti, Kelsey J. Rodgers, Angela K. Thompson, Matthew Verleger, Nicholas Hawkins

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Contribution: This study assesses more than 800 students' awareness of engineering model types before and after taking two first-year engineering courses across two semesters and evaluates the effect of each course. Background: All engineers must be able to apply and create models to be effective problem solvers, critical thinkers, and innovative designers. To help them develop these skills, as a first step, it is essential to assess how to increase students' awareness of engineering models. According to Bloom's taxonomy, the lower remember and understand levels, which encompass awareness, are necessary for achieving the higher levels, such as apply, analyze, evaluate, …

Free Market State (Of Mind): Antitrust Federalism, John J. Flynn And The Utah Constitution’S Free Market Clause, Jorge L. Contreras

Utah Law Review

The Utah Constitution states that “[i]t is the policy of the state of Utah that a free market system shall govern trade and commerce in this state to promote the dispersion of economic and political power and the general welfare of all the people.” Utah’s so-called Free Market Clause, adopted in 1992, is unique among the constitutions of the fifty states. Through an excavation of the historical record and contemporary literature, this Article shows that the Free Market Clause owes its existence to the influence of Professor John J. Flynn of the University of Utah, whose pioneering work on antitrust …

Insider Expungement, Brian M. Murray

Utah Law Review

Like many phases of the criminal justice system, insiders dominate the practice of expungement and there is little to no involvement of the broader community. Recently, scholars in favor of democratization in criminal justice have called for enhanced public involvement during policing, charging, bail determinations, plea-bargaining, and sentencing to improve accountability, transparency, and democratic participation. This Article is the first to extend this critique to decision-making during the expungement process. It conveys how expungement always has been the province of insiders and how recent expungement reforms, while broadening some substantive expungement remedies, double down on this paradigm. Procedures are implemented …

Rightsizing Local Legislatures, Brenner M. Fissell

Utah Law Review

Local councils, boards, and commissions have all the lawmaking powers of a legislature—including the power to criminalize conduct—but they are far too small to deserve them. With an average size of only four members, local legislatures depart from the norm observable at all other levels of government. Only in the past few years have legal scholars turned their attention to the institutional design of these bodies, but this developing literature has yet to address their most striking feature—their small size.

This Article takes up this project. It claims that local microlegislatures are comparatively unrepresentative and undemocratic, and that their size …

Student Voices That Resonate – Constructing Composite Narratives That Represent Students’ Classroom Experiences, Olivia Johnston, Helen Wildy, Jennifer Shand

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Words and stories have the power to resonate with people. Composite narratives can be constructed using multiple participant accounts, representing their experiences while also capturing the properties and categories of qualitative research findings. The ability of composite narratives to represent the multiple facets of theory construction through a singular narrative point-of-view is unique and provides a concise and credible method to present research findings. This paper explains how composite narratives can be constructed to present the research data that findings are built upon through an illustrative example of the process. The example of a composite narrative presented in this article …

Remote Internal Wave Forcing Of Regional Ocean Simulations Near The U.S. West Coast, Oladeji Q. Siyanbola, Maarten C. Buijsman, Audrey Delpech, Lionel Renault, Roy Barkan, Jay F. Shriver, Brian K. Arbic, James C. Mcwilliams

Faculty Publications

Low mode internal waves are able to propagate across ocean basins and modulate ocean dynamics thousands of kilometers away from their generation sites. In this study, the impact of remotely generated internal waves on the internal wave energetics near the U.S. West Coast is investigated with realistically forced regional ocean simulations. At the open boundaries, we impose high-frequency oceanic state variables obtained from a global ocean simulation with realistic atmospheric and astronomical tidal forcing. We use the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) technique in separating ingoing and outgoing internal tide energy fluxes at the open boundaries in order to quantify internal …

Bridging The Gap Between Teacher Efficacy And Culturally Responsive Pedagogy In The Private School World Language Classrooms, Cyrielle Maerten Anthony

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

The world language curriculum is not representative of the diversity of the world and therefore, not preparing students to face a culturally diverse work environment. There is a need to build an intentional curriculum about diversity and inclusivity in the world language curriculum and the sense of belonging and the impact on students’ outcomes. Considering that the majority of teachers in Independent private schools are not Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) faculty members, there is a need to increase the number of BIPOC students in Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate level world language courses and decrease the underrepresentation by …

Floating Liquid Droplets On The Surface Of Cryogenic Liquids: Implications For Titan Rain, Kendra Farnsworth, Alejandro Soto, Vincent F. Chevrier, Jordan K. Steckloff, Jason M. Soderblom

Space and Planetary Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Saturn’s moon, Titan, has a hydrocarbon-based hydrologic cycle with methane and ethane rainfall. Because of Titan’s low gravity, “floating liquid droplets” (coherent droplets of liquid hydrocarbons that float upon a liquid surface) may form on the surface of Titan’s hydrocarbon lakes and seas during rainfall. Floating liquid droplets, however, have not been investigated in the laboratory under conditions appropriate for the surface of Titan (cryogenic, hydrocarbon, liquids). We conducted a set of experiments to simulate methane and ethane rainfall under Titan surface conditions (89–94 K, 1.5 bar nitrogen atmosphere) and find that floating ethane droplets form in a wide range …

Effortful Control Moderates The Relation Between Negative Emotionality And Child Anxiety And Depressive Symptom Severity In Children With Anxiety Disorders, Elizabeth M Raines, Andres G Viana, Erika S Trent, Haley E Conroy, Karina Silva, Michael J Zvolensky, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The present study investigated the interactive effect of reactive (negative emotionality) and regulatory (effortful control) aspects of temperament in the prediction of child anxiety and depressive symptoms. Clinically anxious children and their mothers completed a battery of questionnaires that included self- and mother-ratings of child effortful control, negative emotionality, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the moderating effect of effortful control on the relation between negative emotionality and child anxiety and depressive symptom severity. The interaction between negative emotionality and effortful control was statistically significant and simple slopes revealed that as effortful control increased, the …

Utilizing Design Thinking To Enhance Wellbeing In Interdisciplinary Courses: A Positive Social Psychology Approach, Areej Elsayary

All Works

Design thinking is considered to be a positive social psychology intervention. Students who practice using the design thinking process during their coursework will most likely solve personal problems that improve their well-being. This study investigates the impact of using the design thinking process in interdisciplinary courses to enhance students' well-being through developing mindsets that enable them to solve their problems and set personal goals unconsciously. A modified PERMA-PH model is used to guide this study. The PERMA included Positive Emotions, Negative Emotions, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning and Purpose, and Accomplishments, the "PH" (future plans and health) was added to the PE …

Myo/Nog Cells Give Rise To Myofibroblasts During Epiretinal Membrane Formation In A Mouse Model Of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy., Mara Crispin, Jacquelyn Gerhart, Alison Heffer, Mark Martin, Fathma Abdalla, Arturo Bravo Nuevo, Nancy J Philp, Ajay E Kuriyan, Mindy George-Weinstein

PCOM Scholarly Works

PURPOSE: Myo/Nog cells are the source of myofibroblasts in the lens and synthesize muscle proteins in human epiretinal membranes (ERMs). In the current study, we examined the response of Myo/Nog cells during ERM formation in a mouse model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

METHODS: PVR was induced by intravitreal injections of gas and ARPE-19 cells. PVR grade was scored by fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, and histology. Double label immunofluorescence localization was performed to quantify Myo/Nog cells, myofibroblasts, and leukocytes.

RESULTS: Myo/Nog cells, identified by co-labeling with antibodies to brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) and Noggin, increased throughout the eye with …

Design And Characterization Of An Aerosol Test Chamber For Emergency Response Patient Contamination Control Simulation And Research, Megan L. Steele, Emily M. Spatz, George P. Lemmer, Jacob M. Denney, Casey Cooper, Jeremy M. Slagley, Robert M. Eninger

Faculty Publications

Contaminated or infected patients present a risk of cross-contamination for emergency responders, attending medical personnel and medical facilities as they enter a treatment facility. The controlled conditions of an aerosol test chamber are required to examine factors of contamination, decontamination, and cross-contamination. This study presents the design, construction, and a method for characterizing an aerosol test chamber for a full-sized manikin on a standard North Atlantic Treaty Organization litter. The methodology combined air velocity measurements, aerosol particle counts and size distributions, and computational fluid dynamics modeling to describe the chamber’s performance in three dimensions. This detailed characterization facilitates future experimental …

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Jeremy Rudin, Jeremy Rudin, Rosalind Wiggins, Mary Anne Chute Lynch

Documents

No abstract provided.

The Ntpase Activity Of The Double Fyve Domain-Containing Protein 1 Regulates Lipid Droplet Metabolism., Victoria A. Ismail, Teri Naismith, David J. Kast

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lipid droplets (LDs) are transient lipid storage organelles that can be readily tapped to resupply cells with energy or lipid building blocks and therefore play a central role in cellular metabolism. However, the molecular factors and underlying mechanisms that regulate the growth and degradation of LDs are poorly understood. It has emerged that proteins that establish contacts between LDs and the endoplasmic reticulum play a critical role in regulating LD metabolism. Recently, the autophagy-related protein, double FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (DFCP1/ZFYVE1) was shown to reside at the interface of the endoplasmic reticulum and LDs, however, little is known about the …

The Health And Social Impacts Of An Ageing Population In Singapore, And Why It Matters, Paulin Tay Straughan, Chongsheng, Micah (Chen Chongsheng) Tan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Singapore’s population is ageing rapidly, with the National Population and Talent Division estimating that about one in four Singaporeans will be aged 65 and above by 2030 (National Population and Talent Division 2022). It is anticipated that these demographic changes will have wide-reaching implications for the country that will span all sectors and dimensions of society. In this article, we focus in on two specific dimensions of the impact that an ageing population will have for society; health and social impacts. Using data from the Singapore Life Panel® (SLP) that has been running for the past seven years at the …

Applying Landscape Metrics To Species Distribution Model Predictions To Characterize Internal Range Structure And Associated Changes, A Curd, M Chevalier, M Vasquez, A Boyé, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Distributional shifts in species ranges provide critical evidence of ecological responses to climate change. Assessments of climate-driven changes typically focus on broad-scale range shifts (e.g. poleward or upward), with ecological consequences at regional and local scales commonly overlooked. While these changes are informative for species presenting continuous geographic ranges, many species have discontinuous distributions—both natural (e.g. mountain or coastal species) or human-induced (e.g. species inhabiting fragmented landscapes)—where within-range changes can be significant. Here, we use an ecosystem engineer species (Sabellaria alveolata) with a naturally fragmented distribution as a case study to assess climate-driven changes in within-range occupancy across its entire …