Digital Commons Network^™

Between Shut It Off And Keep It On: The Legality Of Internet Shutdowns Under International Law, Yohannes Eneyew Ayalew

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Internet shutdowns are on the surge across the globe, at least four dozen states-imposed internet shutdowns in 2024 alone, in armed conflicts and other situations. In some states where an authoritarian propensity or “digital sovereignty” reigns, internet shutdowns are being imposed to control political narratives during the conduct of hostilities. These states justify their actions using a “shut it off” argument, claiming that the internet is a luxury and further asserting that access to the internet may be overridden by national security or other justifications. On the other hand, there are states that advance open access to the

Internet shutdowns …

The Ever-Expanding Horizon Of Directors’ And Officers’ Duties: An Analysis Of Recent Developments In The United States And Australia, Zehra G. Kavame Eroglu, Isa Alade

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

When two Boeing 737 Max aircraft crashed within five months of each other, resulting in the deaths of 346 people, shareholders filed a suit against the directors for breach of duties. The Delaware Court of Chancery noted that while safety was “essential and mission critical” to Boeing’s business, there was no board committee assigned the specific task of overseeing airplane safety. Turning to Australia, Storm Financial’s collapse caused many clients, most of whom were retirees or nearing retirement, to suffer massive financial losses. With little or no prospect of rebuilding their financial position, these clients lost their investments, their homes …

Lawfare’S New Frontier: International Commercial Arbitration In The Shadow Of Sanctions, Sophie Yue Zhao, Han-Wei Liu

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article examines how international commercial arbitration is being reshaped by economic statecraft through the lens of lawfare—the strategic use of law as a substitute for traditional coercive tools. Building on Orde Kittrie’s framework, it identifies two modalities of State-driven lawfare affecting arbitration. Instrumental lawfare operates where domestic legal measures displace arbitral authority, exemplified by Russia’s assertion of exclusive jurisdiction over sanctions-related disputes. Compliance-leverage lawfare, by contrast, does not bar arbitration outright but raises the costs and risks of participation, evident in restrictions on legal services and banking access that complicate representation and payment in arbitral proceedings. Beyond State action, …

Improving Case Management For Refugee Child Brides, Harper Kelly Esterle

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

A significant number of forcibly displaced persons throughout the world are not only children, but children who are married. When these married minor refugees arrive in host countries, they are often met with concern, judgment, or a critical lack of understanding or regulated procedure for handling their immigration cases. Children are often forcibly separated from their partners and thus isolated from the only family they came with, or they are forced to undergo an extensive judicial review process that, by the time it is resolved, is no longer relevant as the married minors at issue have since reached the age …

Institutionalizing Protection Of Climate Migrants Through A Global Framework Convention On Climate-Induced Migration, Caroline Spencer

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Climate change poses an urgent global challenge, threatening to internally displace 216 million people across six regions by 2050. While it is difficult to predict the extent of crossborder migration, there is no question that climate change will drive cross-border migration. Human rights law and international climate change law require states to protect climate migrants’ human rights; however, the current international framework is inadequate and exhibits a significant protection gap. States possess an obligation under both international human rights law and climate change law to pursue adaptation measures that protect and restore affected human rights, including ensuring protection against refoulement. …

Supervisor Need-Thwarting Behaviour And Followers' Turnover Intentions: A Conditional Moderated Mediation Model, Andrei Alexander Lux, Esme Franken, Geoff Plimmer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: This study examines how supervisor need-thwarting behaviour relates to employee turnover intentions through needs frustration, and how interactional justice and job insecurity conditionally moderate this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through a two-wave survey of Australian workers (n = 359). The proposed conditional moderated mediation model was tested using Hayes' PROCESS Macro Model 11 in IBM SPSS v28.

Findings: Supervisor need-thwarting behaviour was positively associated with turnover intentions, both directly and indirectly through needs frustration. The indirect relationship was conditionally moderated by interactional justice and job insecurity. Interactional justice buffered the positive association between need-thwarting behaviour and needs frustration …

Mmu: 10/12/26-10/18/26, Student Bar Association

Monday Morning Update

This Week @ NDLS

Mass Times

Commons Daily Menu

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General Announcements

The Rider (2026-10-12), Daniela Chapa-Reyes

The Rider Archives

Vol. 12, No. 8

Growing In The Shadow Of Mental Illness: Quality Of Life, Health Status, Social Functioning, And Health Care Utilization Among Adults With Parents Who Have Severe Mental Illness, Alexander Shestiperov, Ilya Kagan, Orly Grinstein-Cohen

Sigma Foundation for Nursing Research Grant Reports

This study aimed to address important gaps in knowledge through a cross-sectional quantitative investigation of adults who grew up with a parent with severe mental illness (SMI). Specifically, the study examined:

(1) the associations between general self-efficacy, resilience, and quality of life;

(2) the relationships between childhood traumatic experiences and parental bonding and their associations with physical and mental morbidity and social functioning;

(3) the associations between morbidity, quality of life, and healthcare service utilization; and

(4) the moderating role of resilience in the relationships between childhood trauma and both morbidity and social functioning.

Growing In The Shadow Of Mental Illness: Quality Of Life, Health Status, Social Functioning, And Health Care Utilization Among Adults To Parents With Severe Mental Illness, Alexander Shestiperov, Ilya Kagan, Orli Grinstein-Cohen

Individual Open Access Articles

Introduction: Adults who grow up with a parent with severe mental illness are exposed to prolonged developmental adversity, yet little is known about how this experience shapes multidimensional outcomes in adulthood. In particular, the roles of personal adaptive resources, childhood trauma, parental bonding, and morbidity in influencing quality of life, social functioning, and healthcare utilization remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to examine the relationships between personal adaptive resources (resilience and general self-efficacy), childhood experiences (trauma and parental bonding), and adult outcomes, including quality of life, social functioning, morbidity, and healthcare utilization, as well as to examine the moderating role …

Multiple Insights Into Affective Sentience, Jon Mallatt, Todd E. Feinberg

Animal Sentience

We discuss some of the many valuable insights into affective sentience from Birch’s The Edge of Sentience, such as its eight criteria for determining which entities have sentience (e.g., emotions) and its insights into the difficulty of testing whether an Artificial Intelligence system has attained sentience. We add our own perspectives on why the eight criteria are valid, on the difficulty of using behavioral trade-offs to determine whether an animal has sentience, and why evolutionary theory says consciousness is not an epiphenomenon.

Brief Of Richard W. Garnett As Amicus Curiae In Support Of Defendant-Appellant And Reversal, John L. Rockenbach, Richard W. Garnett

Court Briefs

No. 23-3696
United States of America v. Mujera Benjamin Lung'aho

On Remand from the Supreme Court of the United States, Case No. 25-6124

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas
Case No. 20-cr-288-DPM-1 Hon. D.P. Marshall Jr.

From the Summary of Argument

In light of Landor v. Louisiana Department of Corrections & Public Safety, Section 844(f)(1) of Title 18, as applied to Mr. Lung’aho, exceeds Congress’s constitutional authority. It is a fundamental principle of constitutional law that the federal government lacks a general police power. Therefore, there are real and enforceable limits on …

Developing Oer For Ai Assisted Ecure Framework, Kuangchiu Joe Ho

OER at Tech Days

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Electrical Theory For Electricians, Eric M. Barros

OER at Tech Days

No abstract provided.

Open Education Mentoring Methods, Aamna Nayyar, Alex Sousa, Jennifer Jordan

OER at Tech Days

No abstract provided.

2026-2027 Master Class - Michelle Cann (Piano), Michelle Cann, Aidan Quintana, Ziling Wang, Ian Lewis

Master Classes

No abstract provided.

Engineering, Processing, And Evaluation Of Alternative Solid-Phase Carbon Media For Passive Self-Regulatory Denitrification (Psrd), Chinedu James Chiama

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Biological denitrification is an effective and cost-efficient approach for nitrate removal; however, conventional processes often rely on liquid carbon sources such as methanol or acetate that require precise dosing and monitoring. Solid-phase denitrification (SPD) using polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) provides a self-regulating alternative, but its high cost limits widespread application. This dissertation investigated strategies to develop lower-cost solid carbon media and simplify SPD operation for recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). PHB/cellulose (PHBC) blends containing 20–40% cellulose were first evaluated against pure PHB based on nitrate conversion, carbon release, substrate consumption, and denitrification cost. PHBC60:40 and PHBC70:30 achieved the highest apparent peak nitrate conversion …

Muscle Shoals: A Plan For The Use Of The United States Properties On The Tennessee Power By Private Industry For Of "The Manufacture Of Fertilizers And Other Useful Products", Muscle Shoals Commission, United States Government Printing Office, Washington: 1931

Documents

A plan created by the Muscle Shoals commission for instituting a series of fertilizer production operations in the Tennessee Valley area. In addition to written analysis, the document contains multiple images, illustrations, charts, graphs, and maps of the area to illustrate the reasoning of the plan.

Although the plan was never fully brought to fruition, it represents a crucial piece of agricultural and infrastructural history in the Shoals, Alabama alongside existent history on the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the development of the nitrate plants.

Appraising The Monetary Value Of Trees, Miles Becker, Mark Malmstrom

All Current Publications

Trees have economic value like other property items. Permanently rooted in the ground, trees are considered real property, just as a house on a fixed foundation is real property. Damage or loss of a tree incurs a loss in value to its owner, who may be legally entitled to monetary compensation. This fact sheet discusses tree appraisals by a qualified professional to determine the cost to repair or replace a tree.

Alternative Weed Control Options For Transplanted Onions In Minnesota, Charlie Rohwer, Jesen Hosch

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

A major challenge in onion production is weed control. In an effort to reduce pesticide use in bare-ground transplanted onions, we tested combinations of herbicides, flame weeding, and compost application at transplant. The municipal compost used at 2-inch depth reduced onion survival without reducing weed biomass at the end of the season. A single flame weeding pass mid-season did not reduce onion survival but did reduce total weed biomass in some treatments. Mid-season flame weeding may be a useful tool in combination with fewer herbicide applications or in multiple-flame-pass scenarios for transplanted onions.

Occupational Therapists Using Technology-Based Interventions For Training Cognitive Functions In Children With Developmental Disabilities: A Scoping Review, Roashni Rathod, Kevin Steede

School of Health Professions

This review aims to scope literature on how occupational therapists are using technology-based interventions for cognitive outcomes in children with developmental disabilities. The Joanna Briggs Institution methodology guided the design of this scoping review. A search for published literature was conducted on seven databases. Additionally, unpublished sources like conference proceedings, reference lists and gray literature sources were searched between 2011 and 2025. Papers were included if they investigated occupational therapists using technology-based interventions for cognitive function in children with developmental disabilities and were in English. Twelve studies were included in the review, five were Level 1 evidence, five were Level …

Coseismic Shallow Landslide Distributions Reveal Patterns Of Regolith Thickness In High Mountains, Suryodoy Ghoshal, Sarah Boulton, Tristram C. Hales, Georgina L. Bennett, Amy Beswick, Joshua N Jones, Shaun Lewin, Zoe Mildon, Martin Stokes, Michael Whitworth, Benjamin Campforts

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Earthquake-triggered landslides are a major source of sediment mobilization in steep mountain landscapes, yet the controls that organize regional patterns of coseismic shallow failure remain incompletely understood. Because shallow landslides occur within regolith, their initiation and magnitude depend strongly on near-surface material thickness, which is rarely measured directly in mountainous terrain. Here we introduce ShallowLandslider, a hybrid physical–statistical framework that combines critical-acceleration slope-stability calculations with stochastic realization of discrete landslide populations. We apply the model to two geomorphically distinct subregions affected by the 2015 ���� 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal and compare modeled and observed distributions of landslide area, elevation, …

Comstock Township Housing Plan, Emily Petz, Val Klomparens, Gerrit Anderson, Lee Adams

Reports

No abstract provided.

K–12 Teachers Collaborating And Consulting With School Counselors To Support Student Mental Health, Deanna Alina Arline

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Student mental health concerns in K–12 schools have increased significantly, placing greater demands on teachers who encounter students experiencing emotional or psychological distress. Although collaboration and consultation between teachers and school counselors are essential components of school-based mental health systems, little is known about teachers' lived experiences within these professional relationships. The purpose of this qualitative transcendental phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of K–12 teachers who collaborate and consult with school counselors to support student mental health. This study was grounded in Husserl's phenomenological philosophy and guided by Moustakas's transcendental phenomenological methodology. The guiding research question examined …

Strategies For Improving The Retention Of Restaurant Staff, Jessica Renee' Green-Farley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employee turnover remains a persistent challenge in the restaurant industry, affecting service quality, operational performance, and organizational sustainability. Restaurant leaders are concerned because employee retention issues reduced customer satisfaction and business viability. Grounded in McClelland’s achievement motivation theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore strategies some restaurant managers successfully used to improve employee retention. Participants included seven restaurant managers in a Mid-Atlantic state who had developed effective strategies to retain employees. Data were collected through semistructured interviews as well as a review of publicly available documents and internal documents that participants chose to share. Using Yin’s …

The Relationship Between Information Technology Managers’ Perceptions And Behavioral Intention To Use Governance Controls In Cloud-Based Analytics Platforms, Kelechi Christian Kalu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information technology (IT) leaders are concerned that inconsistent governance-control adoption in cloud-based analytics platforms may increase risks related to data quality, security, privacy, compliance, accountability, and confidence in analytics-driven decisions. Grounded in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, the purpose of this quantitative correlational project was to examine the relationship between IT managers’ perceptions of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, facilitating conditions, and behavioral intention to use governance controls in cloud-based analytics platforms. The participants were 107 IT managers and similar technology professionals employed in the United States who completed an anonymous online questionnaire …

The Perceived Impact Of Discontinuing An Intensive English Language Programme On Students› Academic Readiness, Language Development, And The Teaching And Learning Process: A Mixed-Methods Study, Majed Othman Abahussain

UB Journal for Humanities

Curriculum reform in higher education increasingly involves modifying or removing preparatory language programmes; however, evidence on the educational consequences of such changes for English majors remains limited. This study investigated the perceived impact of discontinuing the Intensive English Language Programme (IELP) on students› academic readiness, language development, and the teaching and learning process in the Department of English at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. A mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected via a questionnaire administered to 44 second-year English majors, and qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with eight faculty members who had taught students before and after …

To Use Or Not: Differentiating Artificial Intelligence Content For Different Industries, Dayanna Jauregui, Kaiyang Wu

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

Artificial Intelligence continues to develop; its integration has rapidly progressed into numerous business industries, impacting business operations regardless of context. This study examines how consumers respond to AI implementation across industries that vary in perceived creativity. Using a survey and a 2 by 2 between- subjects experimental design, this research finds that AI implementation negatively affects consumers’ willingness to purchase, regardless of the perceived creativity level of the industry. Additionally, drawing on research linking gender to differential perceptions of technology, this research shows that the negative effect of AI implementation is stronger for women than for men. Based on the …

Run Up The Score, And The Profits; Analysis Of Nba Revenue Using Gameplay Statistics As Predictors Of Higher Revenue, Brandon C. Penticoff

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

This study examines the basketball gameplay factors that influence revenue for NBA teams. This study is a quantitative analysis of NBA team real revenue and gameplay statistics, with a focus on style of play implications for revenue. This study utilizes fixed effect regression analysis on NBA revenue with basketball gameplay statistics as predictors. This study reveals that a particular style of play, “Run and Gun,” and other fast- paced playstyles, are associated with higher revenue. These findings have critical implications for NBA front offices, owners, and coaching staffs.

From Dante’S Inferno To California: Visualizing The Marginalized In Sandow Birk’S Social Critique, Lorenzo N. Williams

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

This research explores the intersection of medieval literature and contemporary visual art, focusing specifically on Sandow Birk’s reinterpretation of Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. By examining Birk’s illustrated adaptations of Inferno and Purgatorio, this paper analyzes how he translates and visually reimagines Dante’s moral and spiritual journey as a modern critique of California’s social crises, particularly those affecting unhoused populations. It investigates Birk’s recontextualization of Dante’s allegory in relation to the urban decay of Los Angeles and San Francisco. Ultimately, this study aims to reveal how Birk’s visual narrative bridges historical understandings of religious and social issues with contemporary experiences of …