Digital Commons Network^™

The Constitution's Waning Enforceability: Constitutional Torts After Egbert & Vega, Bailey D. Barnes

Faculty Publications

The 2021 term of the Supreme Court of the United States produced two opinions significantly dampening the future of constitutional tort actions, which are cases brought to remedy a government agent's deprivation of an individual's constitutional rights. First, in Egbert v. Boule, the Court refused to extend Bivens liability to an excessive force claim made against a United States Border Patrol Agent. Second, in Vega v. Tekoh, the Court contravened the traditional understanding of the Fifth Amendment's Self-Incrimination Clause by preventing a§ 1983 civil rights action against a sheriffs deputy who procured an un-Mirandized statement from a criminal suspect. Read …

A Critical Appraisal Of The Physicochemical Properties And Biological Effects Of Artificial Tear Ingredients And Formulations, Judy Weng, Michael K. Fink, Ajay Sharma

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Dry eye disease is among the most prevalent diseases affecting the ocular surface. Artificial tears remain the cornerstone therapy for its management. There are currently a wide variety of marketed artificial tears available to choose from. These artificial tears differ significantly in their composition and formulation. This article reviews the physicochemical and biological properties of artificial tear components and how these characteristics determine their use and efficacy in the management of dry eye. Furthermore, this article also discusses the various formulations of artificial tears such as macro and nanoemulsion and the type of preservatives present in them.

Front Matter, Michigan Journal Of International Law

Michigan Journal of International Law

Front Matter for Volume 44, Issue 1 of Michigan Journal of International Law

Measuring Corruption As A Threat To International Security: An Emerging Indicator For Enhancement Of Global Corruption Governance, Sungyong Kang

Michigan Journal of International Law

The conceptual changes to international security after the end of the Cold War, and particularly those following the al-Qaeda attacks of 2001, clarified the symbiotic relationship between corruption and international security: Corruption destroys the social political environment required to create human security and to ensure safety from terrorist attacks, and national borders increasingly fail to restrain its negative consequences.

To achieve human security though policy intervention in domestic affairs, global corruption governance relies on numerical indicators that measure corruption. By evaluating states through public comparison, indicators pressure states to improve their domestic institutions and structures to align them with the …

Lake Salinization Drives Consistent Losses Of Zooplankton Abundance And Diversity Across Coordinated Mesocosm Experiments, Matthew Schuler

Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Human-induced salinization increasingly threatens inland waters; yet we know little about the multifaceted response of lake communities to salt contamination. By conducting a coordinated mesocosm experiment of lake salinization across 16 sites in North America and Europe, we quantified the response of zooplankton abundance and (taxonomic and functional) community structure to a broad gradient of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations, ranging from 4 to ca. 1400 mg Cl⁻ L⁻¹. We found that crustaceans were distinctly more sensitive to elevated chloride than rotifers; yet, rotifers did not show compensatory abundance increases in response to crustacean declines. For crustaceans, our …

Long-Term Exposure To An Invasive Fungal Pathogen Decreases Eptesicus Fuscus Body Mass With Increasing Latitude, Molly C. Simonis, Lynn K. Hartzler, Gregory G. Turner, Michael R. Scafini, Joseph S. Johnson, Megan A. Rúa

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Abstract Invasive pathogens threaten wildlife health and biodiversity. Physiological responses of species highly susceptible to pathogen infections following invasion are well described. However, the responses of less susceptible species (relative to highly susceptible species) are not well known. Latitudinal gradients, which can influence body condition via Bergmann's rule and/or reflect the time it takes for an introduced pathogen to spread geographically, add an additional layer for how mammalian species respond to pathogen exposure. Our goal was to understand how hosts less susceptible to pathogen infections respond to long‐term pathogen exposure across a broad latitudinal gradient. We examined changes in body …

Discovering A New Part Of The Phenotypic Spectrum Of Coffin-Siris Syndrome In A Fetal Cohort, Pleuntje J Van Der Sluijs, Marieke Joosten, Caroline Alby, Tania Attié-Bitach, Kelly Gilmore, Christele Dubourg, Mélanie Fradin, Tianyun Wang, Evangeline C Kurtz-Nelson, Kaitlyn P Ahlers, Peer Arts, Christopher P Barnett, Myla Ashfaq, Anwar Baban, Myrthe Van Den Born, Sarah Borrie, Tiffany Busa, Alicia Byrne, Miriam Carriero, Claudia Cesario, Karen Chong, Anna Maria Cueto-González, Jennifer C Dempsey, Karin E M Diderich, Dan Doherty, Stense Farholt, Erica H Gerkes, Svetlana Gorokhova, Lutgarde C P Govaerts, Pernille A Gregersen, Scott E Hickey, Mathilde Lefebvre, Francesca Mari, Jelena Martinovic, Hope Northrup, Melanie O'Leary, Kareesma Parbhoo, Sophie Patrier, Bernt Popp, Fernando Santos-Simarro, Corinna Stoltenburg, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Elisabeth Thompson, Anneke T Vulto-Van Silfhout, Farah R Zahir, Hamish S Scott, Rachel K Earl, Evan E Eichler, Neeta L Vora, Yael Wilnai, Jessica L Giordano, Ronald J Wapner, Jill A Rosenfeld, Monique C Haak, Gijs W E Santen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the article “Discovering a new part of the phenotypic spectrum of Coffin-Siris syndrome in a fetal cohort” by van der Sluijs PJ et al (Genet Med 2022;24:1753–1760), the author listing was updated in the Supplementary Material from “H. Scott” to “H. S. Scott” and in Supplemental Figure 1 the labels in the figure caption for A, B, C, and D have been updated to match the figure artwork. The revised supplement file has been published with this correction.

Secular Trends In Physical Fitness Of Peruvian Children Living At High-Altitude, Carla Santos, Sara Pereira, Olga Vasconcelos, Go Tani, Donald Hedeker, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia, Alcibíades Bustamante

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

The physical fitness of children is an important marker of health, and monitoring its temporal changes provides important information for developing interventions. We aimed to: (1) describe secular trends in physical fitness across age, within each sex, in Peruvian schoolchildren; and (2) verify if these trends are also present when adjusted for changes in height and weight. We sampled 1590 children (707 in 2009; 883 in 2019), aged 6–11 years. Physical fitness was assessed with four tests from the EUROFIT battery. ANOVA and ANCOVA statistical models were used. Results showed that with increasing age, girls and boys were significantly stronger …

A Psychometric Analysis Of The Relationship Attribution Measure–Online Behavior, Kieran T. Sullivan, Aine F. Sullivan, Thomas N. Bradbury

Psychology

Objective

The purpose of the study is to develop and evaluate a measure of attributions about partner online behavior.

Background

The attributions that intimate partners make for one another's actions foreshadow deterioration in relationship satisfaction. Although online communication is now pervasive, tools for assessing the attributions partners make for online behavior (e.g., why a partner hasn't responded to a text message) are not yet available.

Method

College students (Sample 1) and individuals recruited via Qualtrics panels (Sample 2) completed an online survey assessing attributions, relationship satisfaction, attachment anxiety, jealousy, and depression.

Results

The Relationship Attribution Measure–Online Behavior (RAM-OB) is internally …

Myo/Nog Cells Give Rise To Myofibroblasts During Epiretinal Membrane Formation In A Mouse Model Of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy., Mara Crispin, Jacquelyn Gerhart, Alison Heffer, Mark Martin, Fathma Abdalla, Arturo Bravo Nuevo, Nancy J Philp, Ajay E Kuriyan, Mindy George-Weinstein

PCOM Scholarly Works

PURPOSE: Myo/Nog cells are the source of myofibroblasts in the lens and synthesize muscle proteins in human epiretinal membranes (ERMs). In the current study, we examined the response of Myo/Nog cells during ERM formation in a mouse model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

METHODS: PVR was induced by intravitreal injections of gas and ARPE-19 cells. PVR grade was scored by fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, and histology. Double label immunofluorescence localization was performed to quantify Myo/Nog cells, myofibroblasts, and leukocytes.

RESULTS: Myo/Nog cells, identified by co-labeling with antibodies to brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) and Noggin, increased throughout the eye with …

Analytics Monthly, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Articles

No abstract provided.

Critical Teaching Behaviors: Defining, Documenting, And Discussing Good Teaching, Claudia Cornejo-Happel

Publications

What does “good” teaching mean, and how can we know it when we see it? Perhaps you have grappled with these questions at some point in your career, either as an instructor wanting to document or grow your teaching effectiveness or as a peer or administrator trying to provide guidance to or assess the teaching of others.

This book serves three purposes: a condensed, evidence-based guide to effective teaching; a resource on creating a focused teaching narrative and teaching portfolio; and a toolkit that equips faculty to conduct peer observations, student midterm feedback, and productive conversations related to teaching.

The …

An Analysis Of Staff Turnover On The Practice Of Journalism In Uganda, Arthur Arnold Wadero

Master of Arts in Digital Journalism

Newsrooms in Uganda are not immune to staff turnovers as many of the seasoned journalists have been lost to other fields of work and this impacts newsrooms activities. This study analyses the implications of staff turnover and the strategies newsrooms in Uganda have instituted to retain newsroom staff. This is a case of the Nation Media Group -Uganda (NMG-U) and Vision Group. This study was guided by the Resource Based Theory of Human Resource and the Gatekeeping Theory. The study adopted a Qualitative Study Approach and employed in-depth interviews to collect data from 21 journalists that were purposively selected. The …

Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair Using Ultrasound Guidance: An Intraoperative Ultrasound Technique, Austin G. Cross, Lafi S. Khalil, Maggie Tomlinson, Joseph S. Tramer, Eric C. Makhni, Benjamin A. Cox

Orthopedics Articles

Rupture of the Achilles tendon is a common injury seen in patients of varying ages and activity levels. There are many considerations for treatment of these injuries, with both operative and nonoperative management providing satisfactory outcomes in the literature. The decision to proceed with surgical intervention should be individualized for each patient, including the patient's age, future athletic goals, and comorbidities. Recently, a minimally invasive percutaneous approach to repair the Achilles tendon has been proposed as an equivalent alternative to the traditional open repair, while avoiding wound complications associated with larger incisions. However, many surgeons have been hesitant to adopt …

Biostimulation Of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Using Organic And Inorganic Amendments, Ogochukwu A. Udume, Gideon O. Abu, Herbert O. Stanley, Ijeoma F. Vincent-Akpu, Yusuf Momoh, Michael O. Eze

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The most common approaches for the in-situ bioremediation of contaminated sites worldwide are bioaugmentation and bio stimulation. Bio stimulation has often proved more effective for chronically contaminated sites. This study examined the effectiveness of optimized water hyacinth compost in comparison with other organic and inorganic amendments for the remediation of crude oil-polluted soils. Water hyacinth was found to be rich in nutrients necessary to stimulate microbial growth and activity. an organic geochemical analysis revealed that all amendments in this study increased total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) biodegradation by ≥75% within 56 days, with the greatest biodegradation (93%) occurring in sterilized soil …

Potential Repercussions Of Offshore Wind Energy Development In The Northeast United States For The Atlantic Surfclam Survey And Population Assessment, Sarah Borsetti, Daphne M. Munroe, Andrew M. Scheld, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Eileen E. Hofmann

Faculty Publications

The Atlantic surfclam Spisula solidissima fishery, which spans the U.S. Northeast continental shelf, is among the most exposed to offshore wind energy development impacts because of the overlap of fishing grounds with wind energy lease areas, the hydraulic dredges used by the fishing vessels, and the location of vessel home ports relative to the fishing grounds. The Atlantic surfclam federal assessment survey is conducted using a commercial fishing vessel in locations that overlap with the offshore wind energy development. Once wind energy turbines, cables, and scour protection are installed, survey operations within wind energy lease areas may be curtailed or …

African American Perceptions Of Service Provided By Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education: A Qualitative Exploration, Matthew Greene, Denise Holston, Jamila Freightman, Chiquita Briley

Faculty Publications

Objective: To assess African Americans’ satisfaction with Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) in Louisiana. Methods: African American facilitators conducted 5 focus group discussions with 25 African American SNAP-Ed participants according to issues identified by African American SNAP-Ed implementers in Louisiana. Focus group discussion transcripts were coded independently using inductive and in vivo coding by 2 members of the research team. Results: Participants viewed lessons as race-neutral and thought they should include more information about African American history and culture. Participants also noted a lack of engagement with the African American community and stressed the need for the program to employ …

Influence Of Soldiers On Exploratory Foraging Behavior In The Formosan Subterranean Termite, Coptotermes Formosanus (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae), Joseph Mccarthy, Arjun Khadka, Hasim Hakanoglu, Qian Sun

Faculty Publications

Termites are eusocial insects that live in organized colonies consisting of reproductives, workers, and soldiers. Soldiers are specialized for defense but are expensive to maintain, as they are incapable of husbandry and must be fed and groomed by workers. The soldiers of several species influence foraging behavior by acting as scouts that initiate foraging or by mediating worker behavioral plasticity during food exploration. These behaviors imply that soldiers may play a keystone role in termite colony function, apart from defense. Subterranean termite workers tunnel through soil in search of food while accompanied by varying proportions of soldiers, depending on the …

Informe Tecnico De Los Trabajos De Campo Del Proyecto De Investigación Arqueológica Cerro San Isidro, Valle De Nepeña, Costa De Ancash -- Temporada 2022, David Chicoine, Jeisen Navarro

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Genetic Characterization Of The Partial Disease Resistance Of Rice To Bacterial Panicle Blight And Sheath Blight By Combined Qtl Linkage And Qtl-Seq Analyses, John Christian Ontoy, Bishnu Shrestha, Hari Sharan Karki, Inderjit Barphagha, Brijesh Angira, Adam Famoso, Jong Hyun Ham

Faculty Publications

Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) and sheath blight (SB) are major diseases of rice and few cultivars have shown a high level of resistance to these diseases. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed from the U.S. cultivars Jupiter (moderately resistant) and Trenasse (susceptible) was investigated to identify loci associated with the partial disease resistance to BPB and SB. Disease phenotypes in BPB and SB, as well as the days-to-heading (DTH) trait, were evaluated in the field. DTH was correlated to BPB and SB diseases, while BPB was positively correlated to SB in the field trials with this RIL population. Genotyping …

Wheat Long Noncoding Rnas From Organelle And Nuclear Genomes Carry Conserved Microrna Precursors Which May Together Comprise Intricate Networks In Insect Responses, Bala Ani Akpinar, Tugdem Muslu, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Munevver Dogramaci, Hikmet Budak

Faculty Publications

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse class of noncoding RNAs that are typically longer than 200 nucleotides but lack coding potentials. Advances in deep sequencing technologies enabled a better exploration of this type of noncoding transcripts. The poor sequence conservation, however, complicates the identification and annotation of lncRNAs at a large scale. Wheat is among the leading food staples worldwide whose production is threatened by both biotic and abiotic stressors. Here, we identified putative lncRNAs from durum wheat varieties that differ in stem solidness, a major source of defense against wheat stem sawfly, a devastating insect pest. We also …

Temporal Features Of Concepts Are Grounded In Time Perception Neural Networks: An Eeg Study, Karim Johari, Vicky T. Lai, Nicholas Riccardi, Rutvik H. Desai

Faculty Publications

Experimental evidence suggests that modality-specific concept features such as action, motion, and sound partially rely on corresponding action/perception neural networks in the human brain. Little is known, however, about time-related features of concepts. We examined whether temporal features of concepts recruit networks that subserve time perception in the brain in an EEG study using event and object nouns. Results showed significantly larger ERPs for event duration vs object size judgments over right parietal electrodes, a region associated with temporal processing. Additionally, alpha/beta (10–15 Hz) neural oscillation showed a stronger desynchronization for event duration compared to object size in the right …

Wetland Mitigation Functions On Hydrological Droughts: From Drought Characteristics To Propagation Of Meteorological Droughts To Hydrological Droughts, Yanfeng Wu, Jingxuan Sun, Marianne Blanchette, Alain N. Rousseau, Y. Jun Xu, Boting Hu, Guangxin Zhang

Faculty Publications

Wetlands have been singled out as a potential nature-based solution for improving the resilience and reducing the risks of hydrometeorological extremes. However, whether and to what extent wetlands can affect hydrological droughts is not well understood. To fill this gap, we proposed a general framework to discern the effect of wetlands on: (i) the characteristics (duration, severity, development and recovery processes) of hydrological droughts, and (ii) the propagation of meteorological droughts to hydrological droughts. First, hydrological modeling was conducted with a spatially-explicit model integrated with wetland modules. Then, the run theory and pooling method were selected to recognize hydrological drought …

Novel Index To Predict Mortality And Inform Malnutrition?, Jacob T. Mey

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Opioid And Cannabis Co-Use: The Role Of Opioid Use To Cope With Negative Affect, Julia D. Buckner, Caroline R. Scherzer, Andrew H. Rogers, Michael J. Zvolensky

Faculty Publications

Introduction: The opioid epidemic is a significant public health concern, particularly among adults with chronic pain. There are high rates of cannabis co-use among these individuals and co-use is related to worse opioid-related outcomes. Yet, little work has examined mechanisms underlying this relationship. In line with affective processing models of substance use, it is possible that those who use multiple substances do so in a maladaptive attempt to cope with psychological distress. Method: We tested whether, among adults with chronic lower back pain (CLBP), the relation between co-use and more severe opioid-related problems would occur via the serial effects of …

Wetland Occupancy By Duck Broods In Cropland-Dominated Landscapes Of The United States Prairie Pothole Region, Blake J. Mitchell, Catrina V. Terry, Kevin M. Ringelman, Kaylan M. Kemink, Michael J. Anteau, Adam K. Janke

Faculty Publications

The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) is globally important for breeding waterfowl but has been altered via wetland drainage and grassland conversion to accommodate agricultural land use. Thus, understanding the ecology of waterfowl in these highly modified landscapes is essential for their conservation. Brood occurrence is the cumulative outcome of key life-history events including pair formation and territory establishment, nest success, and early brood survival. We applied new technological advances in brood surveying methods to understand brood use of wetlands and how land use and wetland-specific factors influenced brood use of 413 wetlands in crop-dominated landscapes in the PPR of Iowa, …

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1/Glucagon Receptor Agonism Associates With Reduced Metabolic Adaptation And Higher Fat Oxidation: A Randomized Trial, Karen D. Corbin, Elvis A. Carnero, Timothy D. Allerton, Joachim Tillner, Christopher P. Bock, Pierre Philippe Luyet, Britta Göbel, Kevin D. Hall, Stephanie A. Parsons, Eric Ravussin, Steven R. Smith

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 would lead to a smaller decrease in sleeping metabolic rate (SMR; kilocalories/day) than expected from the loss of lean and fat mass (metabolic adaptation). Methods: This Phase 1b, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted at two centers in inpatient metabolic wards. Thirty-five healthy males and females with overweight and obesity (age = 36.5 ± 7.1 years) were randomized to a calorie-reduced diet (−1000 kcal/d) and escalating doses (0.06-0.2 mg/d) of SAR425899 (n = 17) or placebo (n = 18) for 19 days. SMR was measured …

Early Time-Restricted Eating Affects Weight, Metabolic Health, Mood, And Sleep In Adherent Completers: A Secondary Analysis, Felicia L. Steger, Humaira Jamshed, David R. Bryan, Joshua S. Richman, Amy H. Warriner, Cody J. Hanick, Corby K. Martin, Sarah Jeanne Salvy, Courtney M. Peterson

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: Data are mixed on whether intermittent fasting improves weight loss and cardiometabolic health. Here, the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) in participants who consistently adhered ≥5 d/wk every week were analyzed. Methods: Ninety patients aged 25 to 75 years old with obesity were randomized to early TRE (eTRE; 8-hour eating window from 07:00 to 15:00) or a control schedule (≥12-hour window) for 14 weeks. A per-protocol analysis of weight loss, body composition, cardiometabolic health, and other end points was performed. Results: Participants who adhered to eTRE ≥5 d/wk every week had greater improvements in body weight (−3.7 ± 1.2 …

Impact Of Early Time-Restricted Eating On Diet Quality, Meal Frequency, Appetite, And Eating Behaviors: A Randomized Trial, Felicia L. Steger, Humaira Jamshed, Corby K. Martin, Joshua S. Richman, David R. Bryan, Cody J. Hanick, Sarah Jeanne Salvy, Amy H. Warriner, Courtney M. Peterson

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: Time-restricted eating (TRE) can reduce body weight, but it is unclear how it influences dietary patterns and behavior. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of TRE on diet quality, appetite, and several eating behaviors. Methods: Adults with obesity were randomized to early TRE plus energy restriction (eTRE + ER; 8-hour eating window from 7:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.) or a control eating schedule plus energy restriction (CON + ER; ≥12-hour window) for 14 weeks. Food intake was assessed via the Remote Food Photography Method, while eating patterns, appetite, and eating behaviors were assessed via questionnaires. Results: A total of …

Evaluation Of The Peer Leadership For Physical Literacy Intervention: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Ryan M. Hulteen, David R. Lubans, Ryan E. Rhodes, Guy Faulkner, Yan Liu, Patti Jean Naylor, Nicole Nathan, Katrina J. Waldhauser, Colin M. Wierts, Mark R. Beauchamp

Faculty Publications

Purpose The purpose of this research was to develop, implement, and test the efficacy of a theory-driven, evidence-informed peer leadership program for elementary school students (Grade 6 and 7; age 11–12 years) and the Grade 3/4 students with whom they were partnered. The primary outcome was teacher ratings of their Grade 6/7 students’ transformational leadership behaviors. Secondary outcomes included: Grade 6/7 students’ leadership self-efficacy, as well as Grade 3/4 motivation, perceived competence, general self-concept, fundamental movement skills, school-day physical activity, and program adherence, and program evaluation. Methods We conducted a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. In 2019, 6 schools comprising …