Digital Commons Network^™

Advancements In Fluid Simulation Through Enhanced Conservation Schemes, Sean Ingimarson

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To better understand and solve problems involving the natural phenomenon of fluid and air flows, one must understand the Navier-Stokes equations. Branching several different fields including engineering, chemistry, physics, etc., these are among the most important equations in mathematics. However, these equations do not have analytic solutions save for trivial solutions. Hence researchers have striven to make advancements in varieties of numerical models and simulations. With many variations of numerical models of the Navier-Stokes equations, many lose important physical meaningfulness. In particular, many finite element schemes do not conserve energy, momentum, or angular momentum. In this thesis, we will study …

The Search For Heavily Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei In The Local Universe, Ross Silver

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Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the center of galaxies that accrete surrounding gas and emit across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. They are the most energetic persistent emitters in the Universe, capable of outshining their host galaxies despite their emission originating from a region smaller than our Solar System. AGN were some of the first sources discovered that helped teach us that there were galaxies outside of our own, and they proved the existence of black holes. Moreover, AGN can give us valuable insights into other branches of astrophysics. For example, they can be used to …

Machine Learning-Based Data And Model Driven Bayesian Uncertanity Quantification Of Inverse Problems For Suspended Non-Structural System, Zhiyuan Qin

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Inverse problems involve extracting the internal structure of a physical system from noisy measurement data. In many fields, the Bayesian inference is used to address the ill-conditioned nature of the inverse problem by incorporating prior information through an initial distribution. In the nonparametric Bayesian framework, surrogate models such as Gaussian Processes or Deep Neural Networks are used as flexible and effective probabilistic modeling tools to overcome the high-dimensional curse and reduce computational costs. In practical systems and computer models, uncertainties can be addressed through parameter calibration, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty quantification, leading to improved reliability and robustness of decision and …

A Value-Based Sequential Optimization Framework For Efficient Materials Design Considering Uncertainty And Variability, Maher Alghalayini

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Many problems in engineering and science can be framed as decision problems in which we choose values for decision variables that lead to desired outcomes. Notable examples include maximizing lift in airplane wing design, improving the efficiency of a power plant, or identifying processing protocols resulting in structural materials with desired mechanical properties. These problems typically involve a significant degree of uncertainty about the often-complex underlying relationships between the decision variables and the outcomes. Solving such decision problems involves the use of computational models or physical experimentation to generate data to make predictions and test hypotheses. As a result, both …

Conceptualizing Technology In Landscape Architecture (Tla) For The 21st Century, Xiwei Shen

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Technology in Landscape Architecture (TLA) has continually expanded from the 19^th century arts-science binary narrative (Beardsley, 2000). However, the current scholarly literature does not appear to acknowledge TLA as core to the discipline of Landscape Architecture (LA) and indicates a knowledge gap. The goal of this qualitative research is to explore TLA and clarify DTT and TLA’s relationship(s) with themes and topics in LA research, and LA core domains. Additionally, the aim is to reveal the meaning of TLA for LA research. This study draws from three realms of knowledge: 1) Digital Tools and Technology (DTT) in LA; 2) …

How To Make Agents And Influence Teammates: Understanding The Social Influence Ai Teammates Have In Human-Ai Teams, Christopher Flathmann

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The introduction of computational systems in the last few decades has enabled humans to cross geographical, cultural, and even societal boundaries. Whether it was the invention of telephones or file sharing, new technologies have enabled humans to continuously work better together. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has one of the highest levels of potential as one of these technologies. Although AI has a multitude of functions within teaming, such as improving information sciences and analysis, one specific application of AI that has become a critical topic in recent years is the creation of AI systems that act as teammates alongside humans, in …

“The People Make The Place”: Evaluating Mattering’S Influence On Graduate Students’ Intentions To Graduate, Kenzie Hurley

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Despite graduate students working hard and sacrificing various aspects of their lives (e.g., social time, personal time) to attend graduate school, an estimated 50% fail to complete their degrees (e.g., Gilmore et al., 2016). The literature varies in its explanations for graduate students discontinuing their education; however, consensus indicates improving social aspects of the graduate program experience (e.g., positive research communities) may increase graduation rates. These findings are especially true for students who are new to their graduate program. Although there has been a recent emphasis on understanding some social aspects of the graduate student experience, the literature lacks information …

Fluorescence Multiplexing With Combination Probes For Biological And Diagnostic Applications, Madeline Mccarthy

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Cancer refers to a group of diseases containing more than 200 different subtypes. Cancer is a heterogeneous disease by nature, meaning that there are differences among tumors of the same type in different patients, and there are differences among cancer cells within a single tumor of one patient. Since cancer is not a single disease, nor does it have a single cause, it proves to be incredibly hard to diagnose and treat. The ability to study cellular markers, cell and tissue spatial arrangement, and gene function are all integral parts of cancer diagnostic and treatment efforts.

Here, I first present …

A Multi-Pronged Investigation To Identify Genes Affecting The Autoregulation Of Nodulation: Lasercapture Microdissection And The Barely Any Meristem Gene Family In Medicago Truncatula, Jacklyn Thomas

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The unique evolutionary adaptation of legumes for nitrogen-fixing symbiosis leading to nodulation is tightly regulated by the host plant. One pathway negatively regulates the number of nodules formed in response to the metabolic status of the shoot (carbon) and root (nitrogen); this long-distance systemic regulation is the autoregulation of nodulation (AON) pathway. AON is a root to shoot pathway that allows the plant to limit the number of nodules formed on roots. Central to the receptor complex in the shoots is a leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) called MtSUNN mutation of which results in plants with too many nodules. SUNN …

Opioid Prescribing Practice & Policy – A Study Of Medicaid Pediatric Population In South Carolina, Laksika Sivaraj

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Opioids are widely used as analgesics in different clinical settings, but they are also highly criticized for their downsides. Among the adult population, the addictive nature of opioids continues to be the main concern, while among young children, there are other adverse health outcomes that opioids can cause. These concerns have led the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other professional bodies to discourage opioid prescribing for children. Nevertheless, opioids continue to be prescribed for children for contraindicated health conditions. The goal of this research is to assess opioid prescribing practices for the pediatric population in South Carolina (SC). …

P53 And Ovarian Carcinoma Survival: An Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis Consortium Study, Martin Köbel, Eun-Young Kang, Ashley Weir, Peter F Rambau, Cheng-Han Lee, Prafull Ghatage, Marjorie J Riggan, Jennifer Alsop, Michael S Anglesio, Matthias W Beckmann, Christiani Bisinotto, Michelle Boisen, Jessica Boros, Alison H Brand, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Michael E Carney, Penny Coulson, Madeleine Courtney-Brooks, Kara L Cushing-Haugen, Cezary Cybulski, Suha Deen, Mona A El-Bahrawy, Esther Elishaev, Ramona Erber, Sian Fereday, Aocs Group, Anna Fischer, Simon A Gayther, Arantzazu Barquin-Garcia, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, C Blake Gilks, Helena Gronwald, Marcel Grube, Paul R Harnett, Holly R Harris, Andreas D Hartkopf, Arndt Hartmann, Alexander Hein, Joy Hendley, Brenda Y Hernandez, Yajue Huang, Anna Jakubowska, Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Michael E Jones, Catherine J Kennedy, Tomasz Kluz, Jennifer M Koziak, Jaime Lesnock, Jenny Lester, Jan Lubiński, Teri A Longacre, Maria Lycke, Constantina Mateoiu, Bryan M Mccauley, Valerie Mcguire, Britta Ney, Alexander Olawaiye, Sandra Orsulic, Ana Osorio, Luis Paz-Ares, Teresa Ramón Y Cajal, Joseph H Rothstein, Matthias Ruebner, Minouk J Schoemaker, Mitul Shah, Raghwa Sharma, Mark E Sherman, Yurii B Shvetsov, Naveena Singh, Helen Steed, Sarah J Storr, Aline Talhouk, Nadia Traficante, Chen Wang, Alice S Whittemore, Martin Widschwendter, Lynne R Wilkens, Stacey J Winham, Javier Benitez, Andrew Berchuck, David D Bowtell, Francisco J Candido Dos Reis, Ian Campbell, Linda S Cook, Anna Defazio, Jennifer A Doherty, Peter A Fasching, Renée T Fortner, María J García, Marc T Goodman, Ellen L Goode, Jacek Gronwald, David G Huntsman, Beth Y Karlan, Linda E Kelemen, Stefan Kommoss, Nhu D Le, Stewart G Martin, Usha Menon, Francesmary Modugno, Paul Dp Pharoah, Joellen M Schildkraut, Weiva Sieh, Annette Staebler, Karin Sundfeldt, Anthony J Swerdlow, Susan J Ramus, James D Brenton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Our objective was to test whether p53 expression status is associated with survival for women diagnosed with the most common ovarian carcinoma histotypes (high-grade serous carcinoma [HGSC], endometrioid carcinoma [EC], and clear cell carcinoma [CCC]) using a large multi-institutional cohort from the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis (OTTA) consortium. p53 expression was assessed on 6,678 cases represented on tissue microarrays from 25 participating OTTA study sites using a previously validated immunohistochemical (IHC) assay as a surrogate for the presence and functional effect of TP53 mutations. Three abnormal expression patterns (overexpression, complete absence, and cytoplasmic) and the normal (wild type) pattern were …

Alendronate Conjugate For Targeted Delivery To Bone-Forming Prostate Cancer, Jossana A Damasco, Guoyu Yu, Ajay Kumar, Joy Perez, Rio Carlo M Lirag, Sue-Hwa Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bone is the primary metastasis site for lethal prostate cancer, often resulting in poor prognosis, crippling pain, and diminished functioning that drastically reduce both quality of life and survivability Uniquely, prostate cancer bone metastasis induces aberrant bone overgrowth, due to an increase of osteoblasts induced by tumor-secreted bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Conjugating drugs to substances that target the tumor-induced bone area within the metastatic tumor foci would be a promising strategy for drug delivery. To develop such a strategy, we conjugated a near infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, the dye Cy5.5, to serve as a surrogate for drugs, with alendronate, …

Cone-Beam Ct Sampling Incompleteness: Analytical And Empirical Studies Of Emerging Systems And Source-Detector Orbits, Pengwei Wu, Aina Tersol, Rolf Clackdoyle, John M Boone, Jeffrey H Siewerdsen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Motivated by emerging cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems and scan orbits, we aim to quantitatively assess the completeness of data for 3D image reconstruction-in turn, related to "cone-beam artifacts." Fundamental principles of cone-beam sampling incompleteness are considered with respect to an analytical figure-of-merit [FOM, denoted

APPROACH:A previously proposed analytical FOM [tan ( ψmin ) , defined as the minimum angle between a point in the 3D image reconstruction and the x-ray source over the scan orbit] was analyzed for a variety of CBCT geometries. A physical test phantom was configured with parallel disk pairs (perpendicular to the z-axis) …

Monte Carlo-Derived 99m Tc Uptake Quantification With Commercial Planar Mbi: Absolute Tumor Activity, Benjamin P Lopez, Srinivas Cheenu Kappadath

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Molecular breast imaging (MBI) of 99mTc-sestamibi is an emerging adjunct qualitative tool in the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.

PURPOSE: This work outlines the development and performance evaluation of a methodology to absolutely quantify tumor 99mTc activity uptake using a commercially available dual-headed MBI system by implementing corrections for background, scatter, attenuation, and detector characteristics.

METHODS: A validated Monte Carlo application of a commercial MBI system was used to simulate over 7000 unique acquisitions of spherical and ellipsoidal tumors in breast tissue. Tumor absolute activity was calculated following background, scatter, and attenuation corrections of tumor region of interest …

One Immune System Plays Many Parts: The Dynamic Role Of The Immune System In Chronic Pain And Opioid Pharmacology, Sanam Mustafa, Juliana E Bajic, Benjamin Barry, Samuel Evans, Kariel R Siemens, Peter M Grace

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The transition from acute to chronic pain is an ongoing major problem for individuals, society and healthcare systems around the world. It is clear chronic pain is a complex multidimensional biological challenge plagued with difficulties in pain management, specifically opioid use. In recent years the role of the immune system in chronic pain and opioid pharmacology has come to the forefront. As a highly dynamic and versatile network of cells, tissues and organs, the immune system is perfectly positioned at the microscale level to alter nociception and drive structural adaptations that underpin chronic pain and opioid use. In this review, …

Secondary Validation Of An Ovarian Cancer-Specific Comorbidity Index In A Us Population, Chelsey Vranes, Hui Zhao, Mette Calundann Noer, Shuangshuang Fu, Charlotte C Sun, Pedro T Ramirez, Sharon H Giordano, Larissa A Meyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: The Ovarian Cancer Comorbidity Index (OCCI) is an age-specific index developed and previously found to be more predictive of overall and cancer-specific survival than the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The objective was to perform secondary validation of the OCCI in a US population.

Methods: A cohort of ovarian cancer patients undergoing primary or interval cytoreductive surgery from January 2005 to January 2012 was identified in SEER-Medicare. OCCI scores were calculated with the regression coefficients determined from the original developmental cohort for five comorbidities. Cox regression analyses were used to calculate associations between the OCCI risk groups and 5-year overall …

Combining Mendelian Randomization And Network Deconvolution For Inference Of Causal Networks With Gwas Summary Data, Zhaotong Lin, Haoran Xue, Wei Pan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mendelian randomization (MR) has been increasingly applied for causal inference with observational data by using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs). However, the current practice of MR has been largely restricted to investigating the total causal effect between two traits, while it would be useful to infer the direct causal effect between any two of many traits (by accounting for indirect or mediating effects through other traits). For this purpose we propose a two-step approach: we first apply an extended MR method to infer (i.e. both estimate and test) a causal network of total effects among multiple traits, then we …

Neural Network Based Ensemble Model To Predict Radiation Induced Lymphopenia After Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer From Two Institutions, Yejin Kim, Ibrahim Chamseddine, Yeona Cho, Jin Sung Kim, Radhe Mohan, Harald Paganetti, Hong In Yoon, Seungryong Cho, Clemens Grassberger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The use of adjuvant Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) after concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) has become the standard of care for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). However, prolonged radiotherapy regimens are known to cause radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL), a long-neglected toxicity that has been shown to correlate with response to ICIs and survival of patients treated with adjuvant ICI after CCRT. In this study, we aim to develop a novel neural network (NN) approach that integrates patient characteristics, treatment related variables, and differential dose volume histograms (dDVH) of lung and heart to predict the incidence of RIL at the end …

Endovascular Stroke Therapy For Posterior Circulation Acute Ischemic Stroke Has Diminishing Benefit With Additional Passes, Jerome A Jeevarajan, Hyun-Woo Kim, Muhammad Bilal Tariq, Sergio Salazar Marioni, Arash Niktabe, Louise Mccullough

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The relationship between pass number during endovascular stroke therapy (EST) and outcomes in anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been well studied. However, the association between EST attempts and outcomes for patients with posterior circulation LVO remains unclear.

Methods: From our prospectively maintained multicenter registry, we identified consecutive patients with LVO AIS who underwent EST. The number of thrombectomy passes and per-pass reperfusion grades (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction) were recorded prospectively at the time of procedure. The primary outcome was the association of number of EST passes and functional independence (modified Rankin scale 0-2) …

Late-Onset Cognitive Impairment And Modifiable Risk Factors In Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors, Nicholas S Phillips, Kayla L Stratton, Annalynn M Williams, Tim Ahles, Kirsten K Ness, Kim Edelstein, Kevin Oeffinger, Eric J Chow, Rebecca M Howell, Leslie L Robison, Gregory T Armstrong, Wendy M Leisenring, Kevin R Krull

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Long-term survivors of childhood cancer may be at elevated risk for new neurocognitive impairment and decline as they age into adulthood.

Objective: To determine whether aging adult childhood cancer survivors report more new-onset neurocognitive impairments compared with their siblings and to identify risk factors associated with such impairments.

Design, setting, and participants: Participants of this cohort study included adult survivors of childhood cancer from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and their siblings as a control group. The original cohort included survivors who received a diagnosis between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 1986, for whom longitudinal neurocognitive assessment was …

Pirtobrutinib And Venetoclax Combination Overcomes Resistance To Targeted And Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy In Aggressive Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Yang Liu, Fangfang Yan, Vivian Changying Jiang, Yijing Li, Yuxuan Che, Alexa Jordan, Lei Nie, Jingling Jin, Wei Wang, Heng-Huan Lee, Yixin Yao, Michael Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Philadelphia-Like Genetic Rearrangements In Adults With B-Cell All: Refractoriness To Chemotherapy And Response To Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor In Abl Class Rearrangements, Jayastu Senapati, Elias Jabbour, Marina Konopleva, Nicholas J Short, Guilin Tang, Partow Kebriaei, Naveen Pemmaraju, Koichi Takahashi, Courtney Dinardo, Koji Sasaki, Gautam Borthakur, Beenu Thakral, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Keyur Patel, Farhad Ravandi, Kathryn Roberts, Charles Mullighan, Hagop Kantarjian, Nitin Jain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Philadelphia-like (Ph-like) B-cell ALL is a high-risk subtype of B-cell ALL that shares a gene expression profile with Ph-positive ALL, but without a

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients with B-cell ALL treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center to identify recurrent genetic fusions commonly seen in Ph-like ALL and focus on patients treated with TKI.

RESULTS: We identified 23 patients with recurrent genetic fusions commonly seen in Ph-like ALL; 14 had

CONCLUSION: Understanding the genomics of B-cell ALL is important for disease prognostication and for precise treatment planning. Besides conventional cytogenetics and directed FISH testing, …

Neddylation Inhibition Sensitises Renal Medullary Carcinoma Tumours To Platinum Chemotherapy, Daniel D Shapiro, Niki Millward Zacharias, Durga N Tripathi, Menuka Karki, Jean-Philippe Bertocchio, Rong He, Jianjun Gao, Priya Rao, Truong N A Lam, Eric Jonasch, Luigi Perelli, Emily H Cheng, Alessandro Carugo, Timothy P Heffernan, Cheryl L Walker, Giannicola Genovese, Nizar M Tannir, Jose A Karam, Pavlos Msaouel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is a highly aggressive cancer in need of new therapeutic strategies. The neddylation pathway can protect cells from DNA damage induced by the platinum-based chemotherapy used in RMC. We investigated if neddylation inhibition with pevonedistat will synergistically enhance antitumour effects of platinum-based chemotherapy in RMC.

METHODS: We evaluated the IC50 concentrations of the neddylation‐activating enzyme inhibitor pevonedistat in vitro in RMC cell lines. Bliss synergy scores were calculated using growth inhibition assays following treatment with varying concentrations of pevonedistat and carboplatin. Protein expression was assessed by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The efficacy of pevonedistat …

Enhancing Oral Delivery Of Plant-Derived Vesicles For Colitis, Yuan Liu, Adrian Lankenau Ahumada, Emine Bayraktar, Paul Schwartz, Mamur Chowdhury, Manu M Sebastian, Natalia De Val, Nazende Nur Bayram, Guodong Zhang, Thanh Chung Vu, Zuliang Jie, Nicholas B Jennings, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Jody Swain, Elaine Stur, Lingegowda S Mangala, Yutuan Wu, Supriya Nagaraju, Brooke Ermias, Chun Li, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Janet Braam, Anil K Sood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Plant-derived vesicles (PDVs) are attractive for therapeutic applications, including as potential nanocarriers. However, a concern with oral delivery of PDVs is whether they would remain intact in the gastrointestinal tract. We found that 82% of cabbage PDVs were destroyed under conditions mimicking the upper digestive tract. To overcome this limitation, we developed a delivery method whereby lyophilized Eudragit S100-coated cabbage PDVs were packaged into a capsule (Cap-cPDVs). Lyophilization and suspension of PDVs did not have an appreciable impact on PDV structure, number, or therapeutic effect. Additionally, packaging the lyophilized Eudragit S100-coated PDVs into capsules allowed them to pass through the …

Prospective Study Of Perioperative Circulating Tumor Dna Dynamics In Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy For Colorectal Liver Metastases, Timothy E Newhook, Michael J Overman, Yun Shin Chun, Arvind Dasari, Ching-Wei D Tzeng, Victoria Raymond, Benny Johnson, Yujiro Nishioka, Yoshikuni Kawaguchi, Abhineet Uppal, Timothy J Vreeland, Ariel Jaimovich, Elsa M Arvide, Jenilette V Cristo, Steven H Wei, Kanwal P Raghav, Van K Morris, Jeffrey E Lee, Scott Kopetz, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of perioperative ctDNA dynamics on outcomes after hepatectomy for CLM.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Prognostication is imprecise for patients undergoing hepatectomy for CLM, and ctDNA is a promising biomarker. However, clinical implications of perioperative ctDNA dynamics are not well established.

METHODS: Patients underwent curative-intent hepatectomy after preoperative chemotherapy for CLM (2013-2017) with paired prehepatectomy/postoperative ctDNA analyses via plasma-only assay. Positivity was determined using a proprietary variant classifier. Primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Median follow-up was 55 months.

RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were included. ctDNA was detected before and after surgery (ctDNA+/+) in 14 (29%), before but …

How Do Cancer-Specific Computed Tomography Protocols Compare With The American College Of Radiology Dose Index Registry? An Analysis Of Computed Tomography Dose At 2 Cancer Centers, Timothy P Szczykutowicz, Moiz Ahmad, Xinming Liu, Myron A Pozniak, Meghan G Lubner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Little guidance exists on how to stratify radiation dose according to diagnostic task. Changing dose for different cancer types is currently not informed by the American College of Radiology Dose Index Registry dose survey.

METHODS: A total of 9602 patient examinations were pulled from 2 National Cancer Institute designated cancer centers. Computed tomography dose (CTDI vol ) was extracted, and patient water equivalent diameter was calculated. N-way analysis of variance was used to compare the dose levels between 2 protocols used at site 1, and three protocols used at site 2.

RESULTS: Sites 1 and 2 both independently stratified …

Association Of Cumulative Colorectal Surgery Hospital Costs, Readmissions, And Emergency Department/Observation Stays With Insurance Type, Michael A Jacobs, Jasmine C Tetley, Jeongsoo Kim, Susanne Schmidt, Bradley B Brimhall, Chen-Pin Wang, Paul Damien, Paula K Shireman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/purpose: Medicare's Hospital Readmission Reduction Program disproportionately penalizes safety-net hospitals (SNH) caring for vulnerable populations. This study assessed the association of insurance type with 30-day emergency department visits/observation stays (EDOS), readmissions, and cumulative costs in colorectal surgery patients.

Methods: Retrospective inpatient cohort study using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (2013-2019) with cost data in a SNH. The odds of EDOS and readmissions and cumulative variable (index hospitalization and all 30-day EDOS and readmissions) costs were modeled adjusting for frailty, case status, presence of a stoma, and open versus laparoscopic surgery.

Results: The cohort had 245 private, 195 Medicare, and …

Critical Role Of The Ventral Temporal Lobe In Naming, Kathryn M Snyder, Kiefer J Forseth, Cristian Donos, Patrick S Rollo, Simon Fischer-Baum, Nitin Tandon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Lexical retrieval deficits are characteristic of a variety of different neurological disorders. However, the exact substrates responsible for this are not known. We studied a large cohort of patients undergoing surgery in the dominant temporal lobe for medically intractable epilepsy (n = 95) to localize brain regions that were associated with anomia.

METHODS: We performed a multivariate voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping analysis to correlate surgical lesions within the temporal lobe with changes in naming ability. Additionally, we used a surface-based mixed-effects multilevel analysis to estimate group-level broadband gamma activity during naming across a subset of patients with electrocorticographic recordings and …

National Brain Tumour Registry Of China (Nbtrc) Statistical Report Of Primary Brain Tumours Diagnosed In China In Years 2019–2020, Dan Xiao, Changxiang Yan, Deling Li, Tianshu Xi, Xianzhi Liu, Guodong Huang, Zhengwen He, Anhua Wu, Chiyuan Ma, Jiang Long, Kai Shu, Hongming Ji, Ning Wang, Gang Chen, Jiankai Yang, Hui Ma, Zhiyong Li, Xiaochuan Sun, Yan Qu, Zhixiong Liu, Xiaofan Jiang, Chunlei Tian, Shilei Ni, Renya Zhan, Liwen Chen, Ming Ge, Maode Wang, Xiaobing Jiang, Geng Guo, Zhenmin Han, Chuan Zhang, Tingrong Zhang, Changwu Dou, Liangzhao Chu, Pengcheng Wang, Junfei Shao, Xiyue Wu, Ju Yu, Yu Wang, Nan Wu, Rui Zhang, Mingming Zhang, Yong Hong, Jianzhong Gao, Yunqian Li, Yawen Pan, Bing Zhao, Nan Ji, Guangliang Shan, Chirag B Patel, Wang Jia, Liwei Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The lack of a well-designed brain tumour registry with standardized pathological diagnoses in underdeveloped countries hinders the ability to compare epidemiologic data across the globe. The National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC), created in January 2018, is the first multi-hospital-based brain tumour registry in China. Patient data reported to the NBTRC in years 2019-2020 were assessed.

METHODS: Tumour pathology was based on the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the central nervous system and ICD-O-3. The anatomical site was coded per the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) solid tumour module (version of July 2019). …

Gwas And Meta-Analysis Identifies 49 Genetic Variants Underlying Critical Covid-19, Erola Pairo-Castineira, Konrad Rawlik, Andrew D Bretherick, Ting Qi, Yang Wu, Glenn A Mcconkey, Lucija Klaric, Fiona Griffiths, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Athanasios Kousathanas, Anne Richmond, Jonathan Millar, Clark D Russell, Tomas Malinauskas, Ryan Thwaites, Kirstie Morrice, Sean Keating, David Maslove, Alistair Nichol, Malcolm G Semple, Julian Knight, Manu Shankar-Hari, Charlotte Summers, Charles Hinds, Peter Horby, Lowell Ling, Danny Mcauley, Hugh Montgomery, Peter J M Openshaw, Colin Begg, Timothy Walsh, Albert Tenesa, Carlos Flores, José A Riancho, Augusto Rojas-Martinez, Pablo Lapunzina, Genomicc Investigators, Scourge Consortium, Isaricc Investigators, 23andme Covid-19 Team, Jian Yang, Chris P Ponting, James F Wilson, Veronique Vitart, Malak Abedalthagafi, Andre D Luchessi, Esteban J Parra, Raquel Cruz, Angel Carracedo, Angie Fawkes, Lee Murphy, Kathy Rowan, Alexandre C Pereira, Andy Law, Benjamin Fairfax, Sara Clohisey Hendry, J Kenneth Baillie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Critical illness in COVID-19 is an extreme and clinically homogeneous disease phenotype that we have previously shown1 to be highly efficient for discovery of genetic associations2. Despite the advanced stage of illness at presentation, we have shown that host genetics in patients who are critically ill with COVID-19 can identify immunomodulatory therapies with strong beneficial effects in this group3. Here we analyse 24,202 cases of COVID-19 with critical illness comprising a combination of microarray genotype and whole-genome sequencing data from cases of critical illness in the international GenOMICC (11,440 cases) study, combined with other studies recruiting hospitalized patients with a …