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Articles 558031 - 558060 of 5207267
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Influence Of Prediction Error Strength On Reconsolidation, Kevin D. Mohawk
The Influence Of Prediction Error Strength On Reconsolidation, Kevin D. Mohawk
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
It has been well established that consolidated memories can be reactivated and enter a labile state where they are once again vulnerable to modification. Reactivated memories, therefore, need to be restabilized or reconsolidated. Prediction error (PE) is one of the most common ways of reactivating consolidated memories, yet no studies have examined how varying the strength of PE influences reconsolidation. The present study aimed to determine if the strength of PE is an important factor for triggering reconsolidation and if so, how PE strength influences the reconsolidation process, whether through strengthening or weakening the memory. To vary PE strength, participants …
Longitudinal Relations Among Expectancy-Value Beliefs, Achievement, And Intentions To Leave For Health Science Students, Kyle C. Mefferd
Longitudinal Relations Among Expectancy-Value Beliefs, Achievement, And Intentions To Leave For Health Science Students, Kyle C. Mefferd
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Utilizing expectancy-value theory (EVT), the present study observed the temporal relations among health science students’ expectations, subjective task values (STV), and costs with academic achievement and intentions to leave a health science program. The present study is among the first to examine this population of students and is one of the earliest to utilize a longitudinal design with a random-intercepts cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) for EVT data. The study’s novel contributions not only add to the EVT literature by incorporating a methodologically more advanced form of the traditional cross-lagged panel model, but also extends the reach of EVT research by …
Critical Metals: From Granitic Pegmatites To The Anthropogenic Cycle, Dalton Mccaffrey
Critical Metals: From Granitic Pegmatites To The Anthropogenic Cycle, Dalton Mccaffrey
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Critical metals are vital to the functionality of the modern world. The increased diversity and usage intensity of these commodities in defense-related and strategic technologies (e.g., jet engines, rocket assemblies), modern infrastructure and products (e.g., high-strength steel, cellular phones, laptop computers), and energy-related, low-emissions technologies (e.g., nuclear reactors, solar panels, wind turbines, hybrid and electric vehicles) has drastically increased our reliance on critical metals and, thus, the United States (and global) exposure to supply restrictions. Granitic pegmatites are unique mineral deposits that represent a past, present and future resource for many (approximately half) of these critical resources. Even with the …
Using Critical Questions To Improve Perspective Taking Online, Christina M. Nishiyama
Using Critical Questions To Improve Perspective Taking Online, Christina M. Nishiyama
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
As technology continues to change human interactions, it has become increasingly important to create computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) environments that enhance perspective taking to support constructive groupwork. To meet these aims, this study examined perspective taking before and after a social annotation activity that incorporated critical questions in the experimental condition. Results from 163 undergraduate students showed that using critical questions improved the quality of perspective taking in written dialogue and using social annotation increased perspective taking over time for all participants. Findings offer important research implications in the CSCL and collaborative argumentation fields, as well as broaden opportunities …
Enhanced Iot-Based Electrocardiogram Monitoring System With Deep Learning, Jian Ni
Enhanced Iot-Based Electrocardiogram Monitoring System With Deep Learning, Jian Ni
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Due to the rapid development of computing and sensing technologies, Internet of Things (IoT)-based cardiac monitoring plays a crucial role in providing patients with cost-efficient solutions for long-term, continuous, and pervasive electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring outside a hospital setting. In a typical IoT-based ECG monitoring system, ECG signals are picked up by sensors located on the edge, and then uploaded to the remote cloud servers. ECG interpretation is performed for the collected ECGs in the cloud servers and the analysis results can be made instantly available to the patients as well as their healthcare providers.In this dissertation, we first examine the …
The Effect Of Sleep And Emotion On Pattern Separation, Alanna N. Osmanski
The Effect Of Sleep And Emotion On Pattern Separation, Alanna N. Osmanski
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Prior work on the relationship between sleep and memory suggests that the sleep state is an optimal time for memory consolidation to occur. During slow wave sleep, newly encoded information in the hippocampus is repeatedly activated, driven by slow oscillations that originate in the neocortex. This process that occurs during slow wave sleep facilitates the long-term storage of memories. A widely accepted view of emotion and sleep is that emotional memories are preferentially consolidated during sleep so that they are easily accessible for retrieval, whereas neutral memories tend to be less accessible. However, recent meta-analyses of sleep, emotion, and memory …
Optimizing Resin Infiltration Treatment Of Post-Orthodontic White Spot Lesions By Increasing Infiltrant Penetration Duration — In Vitro Study, Hahnnah Park
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Background: This study focuses on evaluating the effect of increasing duration allowed for resin infiltrant penetration in improving the aesthetic outcome of resin infiltration treatment. Additional investigations into repeat treatment and long-term stability were also conducted. Artifically created white spot lesions were induced on one hundred extracted teeth made up of either incisors or canines. Teeth were divided into enamel and dentin groups depending on the extent of the lesion and then further subdivided into varying treatment protocol groups: 3-minute, 6-minute, and 9-minute penetration time. Teeth were thermocycled for one clinical year and then divided into a repeat treatment and …
Systemic Theoretical Instruction: Tense And Aspect In Italian A Sociocultural Study Of American Learners Of Italian, Charles Joseph Panarella, Jr.
Systemic Theoretical Instruction: Tense And Aspect In Italian A Sociocultural Study Of American Learners Of Italian, Charles Joseph Panarella, Jr.
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
University-level language and second-language classrooms typically use general rules of thumb to teach grammar without considering its conceptual aspects and cultural origins. These general rules of thumb are normally taught using a communicative approach to language teaching which typically places little emphasis on immediate corrective feedback and learner development. Most assessments are static in nature and focus on right and wrong answers rather than their origins (i.e., learner development and microgenesis). The lack of corrective feedback and lack of considering affective factors have the potential to negatively influence language acquisition in terms of motivation and self-efficacy. In addition, foreign language …
Comparing Comics And Illustrated Texts In Multimedia Learning, Jackson S. Pelzner
Comparing Comics And Illustrated Texts In Multimedia Learning, Jackson S. Pelzner
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The purpose of this research was to examine how different forms of media, in particular science comics and illustrated texts, contribute to different patterns of learning. While the standard illustrated text seen in a textbook has been a useful tool for instruction, science comics appear to be an alternative that could be used in lieu of media that use the traditional illustrated text format. The comic format, known more for its visual appeal to readers, is consistent with the principles of the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (Mayer, 2009), though comprehension may require different mechanisms (Cohn, 2013a). It was hypothesized …
A Qualitative Exploration Of Parent Involvement Programs In Higher Education, Heather Rappaport
A Qualitative Exploration Of Parent Involvement Programs In Higher Education, Heather Rappaport
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Universities involve parents of college students in the undergraduate experience, but there is limited research on the specific pathways for parent engagement. This study examined how universities involve parents of undergraduate students at large public universities with graduation rates higher than the national average. Through the lenses of emerging adulthood and Bioecological theories, this study explored the perspectives of parent program directors. Findings of this qualitative case study include a unique tie between parent programs and collegiate athletics, communication pathways within FERPA guidelines, as well as expanded opportunities for involvement like affinity groups and career services.
Leveraging Simulation To Understand Nursing Student Learning In Technologically Complex Environment, Deborah Rojas
Leveraging Simulation To Understand Nursing Student Learning In Technologically Complex Environment, Deborah Rojas
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Introduction The adoption of simulation technologies in schools of nursing has increased significantly over the last 5 years. Results regarding the use of simulation technology have been positive. The use of simulation technologies has been developed to include complex nursing situations that resemble real clinical settings. Research has demonstrated that memory recall is better in an environment that is the same or similar to the environment in which the learning took place (Krokos et al., 2018). For this reason, educators have used simulation technologies to create realistic environments where students can learn. However, learning outcomes in simulations are affected by …
A One-Dimensional Analysis Of A Microbial Fuel Cell For Efficient Acetate Removal And Power Density Output, David Rouhani
A One-Dimensional Analysis Of A Microbial Fuel Cell For Efficient Acetate Removal And Power Density Output, David Rouhani
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are electrochemical devices that utilize microorganisms to convert organic matter into electrical energy. MFCs have been discussed to have potential application for sustainable wastewater treatment due to their ability to generate electricity while simultaneously treating contaminated water. To optimize MFC performance, numerical models can be used to understand the complex electrochemical and biological processes occurring in the system. In this study, a numerical model was developed to simulate the performance of MFCs under varying operating conditions and to investigate the performance of a MFC for treating wastewater fuel. More specifically, the MFC was modeled to oxidize …
Development Of An Automated Gpib System For Characterization Of Sige Avalanche Photodiodes, David A. Santiago
Development Of An Automated Gpib System For Characterization Of Sige Avalanche Photodiodes, David A. Santiago
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Photon counting is a technique in many modern technologies such as medical imaging and LiDAR systems. Photon counting is needed in many aspects of the development process for these technologies from photodetector characterization to operation of the finished product. This thesis will serve to solve the challenge of quantifying photodetector performance using automating test equipment with known software packages such as MATLAB to be able tocharacterize photodetectors in an efficient manner. A custom MATLAB program has been developed to interface with various instrumentation using a General-Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) and a Prologix GPIB-USB controller that will be able to send …
Sight Words: Poems, Benjamin Harrison Socolofsky
Sight Words: Poems, Benjamin Harrison Socolofsky
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Sight Words is a collection of poems that questions the image as the central unit of meaning in poetry. Sight words is a lyric bildungsroman, that traces the process of metaphysical alienation that an individual undergoes in the postmodern world. The speaker is exposed to an overabundance of meaning that the visual world transmits and as the order of language deteriorates, meaning multiplies and falters. The language and poetics of Sight Words struggles to reconcile the disconnect between visual language and spoken language. Every missed communication points to a denial of access to the self, which the speaker apprehends as …
Yoga As An Occupational Therapy Intervention For Inpatient Rehabilitation, Sydney Sladek
Yoga As An Occupational Therapy Intervention For Inpatient Rehabilitation, Sydney Sladek
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The purpose of this capstone project was to develop and determine if an adapted and individualized yoga-based program can support and have an impact on patients’ physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health and improve patients’ perceptions of recovery at Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Henderson. This was a project focused on quality improvement, focused on the ACOTE focus area of clinical program development in which the student developed and tested outcomes of an occupational therapy (OT) program in a clinical setting. The research design was a quality improvement design with pre and post-measures. Five patients participated in the program one …
No Scrubs: Nursing Applicant Trajectories After Rejection, Jennifer Torgerson
No Scrubs: Nursing Applicant Trajectories After Rejection, Jennifer Torgerson
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
There is a nursing shortage in the United States which has become even more apparent during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite qualified applicants, thousands of students are turned away from educational programs each year as programs reach capacity limits. The rejection may have social, psychological, and economic consequences for the student. Students faced with rejection need to make decisions whether to continue their pursuit of nursing or go a different direction. This exploratory quantitative study aims to understand the trajectories of students that are not admitted into a capacity restricted nursing program at a community college in the Southwestern United States. …
Multiple Approaches To Examining Gender Norms In Romantic Relationships, Carrie Underwood
Multiple Approaches To Examining Gender Norms In Romantic Relationships, Carrie Underwood
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Romantic relationships are essential to the human experience, and gender stereotypes are so ingrained they can be automatic. In this dissertation, I address three empirical questions through both quantitative and qualitative research methods, all of which contribute to the growing body of literature on gender norms and romantic relationships. In Chapter 2, I present a mixed-methods study that examines how heterosexual men reason about benevolent sexism. Results revealed themes of equality in the workplace and men’s roles as providers. In Chapter 4 I implemented a two-study research design to understand how heterosexual women and men reason about troubled romantic relationships. …
The Impact Of An Ostomy Training Workshop On Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ And Students’ Confidence In Client Education On Ostomy Management, Amanda Rae Shizue Shimabukuro
The Impact Of An Ostomy Training Workshop On Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ And Students’ Confidence In Client Education On Ostomy Management, Amanda Rae Shizue Shimabukuro
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The objective of this quality improvement study was to assess if an ostomy training workshop with a hands-on component would impact the confidence of occupational therapy practitioners and students in client education on ostomy management. The hypothesis is that the training workshop would improve the confidence of occupational therapy practitioners and students in client education on ostomy management. Participants were occupational therapists, occupational therapy assistants, or occupational therapy students in Henderson, Nevada; North Las Vegas, Nevada; or Las Vegas, Nevada. The study utilized a time-series design with a preand post-workshop survey that included a sample size of 30. Occupational therapy …
A Kinesio Tape ® Protocol To Improve Postural Stability And Mouth Closure For Feeding And Eating In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Ariana Naomi Valdez
A Kinesio Tape ® Protocol To Improve Postural Stability And Mouth Closure For Feeding And Eating In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Ariana Naomi Valdez
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Kinesio tape ® (KT) has been used in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) due to its ability to increase sensory input, normalize muscle tone, improve postural stability, and improve range of motion (ROM). KT can be applied and left on the skin for multiple days, allowing the tape to simulate the effects of manual therapy techniques outside of the outpatient setting. However, its use within occupational therapy (OT) to address the occupations of feeding and eating is limited, despite it being an effective treatment method when used in conjunction with traditional OT. Gaps in research limit occupational …
Examining The Effects Of Perspective-Taking And Empathetic Concern On Attractiveness Biases In Millennial And Generation X Adults, Stephanie Verba-Quinones
Examining The Effects Of Perspective-Taking And Empathetic Concern On Attractiveness Biases In Millennial And Generation X Adults, Stephanie Verba-Quinones
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The current study examined the effects of perspective-taking and empathetic concern on attractiveness biases and stereotypes in Generation X and Millennial adults. Such biases and stereotypes are pervasive and can lead to preferential treatment and differential outcomes for individuals of varying attractiveness levels (see Langlois et al., 2000 for review). Previous research suggests that social media may amplify the importance placed on attractiveness, particularly for women (Fardouly et al., 2015; Perloff, 2014; Tiggemann et al., 2014; Toma & Hancock, 2018). Given the negative impacts of biases and stereotypes, this study sought to investigate pathways to reduce attractiveness biases and stereotypes …
The In/Visible Stockade: Sex Offender Management, Governmentality, And The Search For Normal Life, Christopher Wakefield
The In/Visible Stockade: Sex Offender Management, Governmentality, And The Search For Normal Life, Christopher Wakefield
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Over the past thirty-five years, the United States has seen a dramatic expansion of regulatory policy around individuals convicted of sexual offenses. Sex offender management policies include national and state registries, notification laws, treatment mandates, residency restrictions, and numerous exclusions from institutions. A growing body of research from sociologists and criminologists has tracked the effects of this sex offender regime by measuring recidivism and collateral consequences among released offenders. Less attention has been paid to how sex offenders adapt to their regulator context—especially the selective public visibility that the registry generates. Furthermore, sociological scholarship has not yet developed strong theoretical …
Development And Initial Validation Of The Mindful Self-Regulated Learning Scale (M-Srls), Sarah Wolff
Development And Initial Validation Of The Mindful Self-Regulated Learning Scale (M-Srls), Sarah Wolff
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Modern mindfulness is a catch-all term. Just exactly what it looks like within the context of education and how it is taught vastly varies. As such, program fidelity and integrity is questioned. Here a definition of mindful self-regulated learning is proposed and the Mindful Self-Regulated Learning Scale (m-SRLS) is developed. This includes item generation and development, systematic testing of item performance, scale dimensionality, convergent and divergent validity, measurement invariance across groups and subgroups, and scale reliability over a series of five pilot studies and five primary studies using independent samples. The resulting m-SRLS is a context specific measurement tool that …
Systems Dynamics Of The Anterior Cingulate Cortex And Hippocampus In Behavioral Switching, Spatial Working Memory, And Disease, Ryan Wirt
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The electrophysiological properties of the hippocampus (HC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are the central focus of research on learning, memory, and neurological disease. Previous research has shown that HC is essential for forming new memories, spatial navigation, and temporal processing. While the function of ACC, located within the medial prefrontal cortex, remains controversial, it has a role in long-term memory recall, processing pain, monitoring current state, learning, schema updates, and information integrations. Interactions between the ACC and HC occur during social memory, spatial working memory performance, and long-term memory recall. Notably, the HC and ACC are among the first …
Pronombres De La Tercera Persona Del Zapoteco De Macuiltianguis [Third Person Pronouns In Macuiltianguis Zapotec], Paula Margarita Foreman
Pronombres De La Tercera Persona Del Zapoteco De Macuiltianguis [Third Person Pronouns In Macuiltianguis Zapotec], Paula Margarita Foreman
Theses and Dissertations
As attested in Marlett (2010), the Zapotec languages of Oaxaca, Mexico, exhibit great variation within their pronominal systems. Based on my knowledge as a native speaker, I present a description of third-person pronouns in the Zapotec from the town of San Pablo Macuiltianguis (MacZ) (ISO 639-3 [zaa]) (Eberhard, Simons, & Fennig 2023), part of the Sierra de Juárez Juárez within the Sierra Norte branch of Zapotec (Smith Stark 2007). MacZ has four categories of third person pronouns (which can be called formal, general, child, and animal). The child and animal pronouns are generally optional, used to emphasize affection. The choice …
Self-Perceived Stigma Of Caregivers With Children On The Autism Spectrum In Latin America, Leah Michelle Jara
Self-Perceived Stigma Of Caregivers With Children On The Autism Spectrum In Latin America, Leah Michelle Jara
Theses and Dissertations
With the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) continuing to spread along with limited knowledge on the disorder’s service accessibility, many caregivers are required to care for lifelong obligations, often at the sake of their own mental, physiological, and emotional health. This study aimed to explore self-perceived stigmas of caregivers in Latin America based on predictors including demographics, severity, and type of healthcare coverage. Participants included 2483 caregivers in Latin America who completed a survey targeting the challenges, priorities, barriers to care, and stigma they face caring for an individual with autism. Findings showed that age had a weak inverse …
Congruences For Quotients Of Rogers-Ramanujan Functions, Maria Del Rosario Valencia Arevalo
Congruences For Quotients Of Rogers-Ramanujan Functions, Maria Del Rosario Valencia Arevalo
Theses and Dissertations
In 1919 the mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan conjectured congruences for the partition function p(n) modulo powers of the primes 5,7,11. In this work, we study Ramanujan type congruences modulo powers of primes p = 7,11,13,17,19,23 satisfied by the Fourier coefficients of quotients the Rogers-Ramanujan Functions G(τ) and H(τ) and the Dedekind eta function η(5τ). In addition to deriving new congruences, we develop the foundational theory of modular forms to motivate and prove the results. The work includes proofs of congruences facilitated by Python/SageMath code.
Rilem Tc 266-Mrp: Round-Robin Rheological Tests On High Performance Mortar And Concrete With Adapted Rheology—Rheometers, Mixtures And Procedures, Dimitri Feys, Mohammed Sonebi, Sofiane Amziane, Chafika Djelal, Khadija El-Cheikh, Shirin Fataei, Markus Greim, Irina Ivanova, Helena Keller, Kamal Khayat, Laurent Libessart, Viktor Mechtcherine, Ivan Navarrete, Arnaud Perrot
Rilem Tc 266-Mrp: Round-Robin Rheological Tests On High Performance Mortar And Concrete With Adapted Rheology—Rheometers, Mixtures And Procedures, Dimitri Feys, Mohammed Sonebi, Sofiane Amziane, Chafika Djelal, Khadija El-Cheikh, Shirin Fataei, Markus Greim, Irina Ivanova, Helena Keller, Kamal Khayat, Laurent Libessart, Viktor Mechtcherine, Ivan Navarrete, Arnaud Perrot
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Recent developments in understanding the rheology of mortar and concrete as well as applying this understanding in the practice of construction necessitate an accurate assessment of materials' rheological properties. It is well known that different rheometers for mortar and concrete deliver different results, as this was shown over 15 years ago in two measuring campaigns comparing concrete rheometers. Considering newly developed rheometers, including those to evaluate interface rheology and structural build-up at rest, as well as additional measurement procedures and data interpretation techniques, a new comparison campaign was carried out in 2018 at the Université d'Artois, in Bethune, France. This …
Characterizing Energy Dissipation Of Shallow-Water Wave Breaking In A Storm Surge, Hunter Boswell, Guirong Grace Yan, Wouter Mostert
Characterizing Energy Dissipation Of Shallow-Water Wave Breaking In A Storm Surge, Hunter Boswell, Guirong Grace Yan, Wouter Mostert
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
While understanding breaking waves is crucial for the development of parametrizations used in ocean wave modeling for both deep and shallow water, the complete process of wave breaking is not well understood. Here we present direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional solitary waves that shoal and break on a uniform beach in shallow water, with the presence of storm surge represented by an inshore region. The storm surge depth, beach slope, and wave amplitude are varied to study the dependence of energy dissipation in the breaker on wave and bathymetric parameters. We classify wave breaker types and find a separation between …
Exploring The Relationship Between The Growing Number Of Satellites And Space Debris In Low Earth Orbit, And People's Perception Of Space Debris Environmental Impacts, Muin Bogari
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The rapid increase of satellite deployments to Earth orbits is causing an increase to the numbers of space debris and inactive satellites in Earth's orbits which poses a growing threat of orbital collisions. Orbital collisions can trigger a domino effect, known as the Kessler syndrome, which can cause uncontrolled continuous orbital collisions. This research utilizes documented data on approximately 65,000 Anthropogenic Space Objects in Earth's orbit dating from the first ASO launched in 1957 to April 1st, 2022. The research study provides a comprehensive analysis of all monitored ASOs in Earth's orbit by presenting and exploring the current state of …
Reliability Of Stored River Water As An Alternative For Consumption In Ekpoma, Nigeria: A Human Health Risk Assessment, Imokhai T. Tenebe, Eunice O. Babatunde, Jordan B. Neris, Cephas Mikano, Obiora B. Ezeudu, Onome C. Edo, Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu, Chibuike D. Chukwuka, Nsikak U. Benson
Reliability Of Stored River Water As An Alternative For Consumption In Ekpoma, Nigeria: A Human Health Risk Assessment, Imokhai T. Tenebe, Eunice O. Babatunde, Jordan B. Neris, Cephas Mikano, Obiora B. Ezeudu, Onome C. Edo, Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu, Chibuike D. Chukwuka, Nsikak U. Benson
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
With looming global water-related issues, the monitoring of water quality for household and industrial consumption has become more pertinent. Rivers in nearby towns serve as primary water sources for Ekpoma town. 123 samples of stored river water were collected from 41 sampling locations and physical properties - pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, temperature, and total dissolved solids (TDS) - were measured in situ using the Hanna edge® Multiparameter EC/TDS/Salinity Meter-HI2030. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to detect and measure the concentration of potentially toxic metals (PTMs): Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The measured concentrations were …