Digital Commons Network^™

Construction Of An Early Risk Stratification Model For Severe Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia In Children: A Lasso-Stability Selection And Multi-Model Comparative Study, Tianyang Liu, Xinyuan Huang, Ying Wang, Yanhong Zou

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: To develop an early risk stratification model for severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP) in children and compare Logistic regression, Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost. Methods: This retrospective study included 1,000 children with MPP at a single center (May 2023–May 2025). The primary outcome was severe clinical progression requiring intensive intervention (oxygen therapy, PICU admission, corticosteroid pulse therapy, or septic shock), defined independently of candidate predictors. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation (20 datasets); variables with >30% missingness were excluded. LASSO stability selection (≥19/20 datasets) identified predictors. Three models were developed in a 70% training set and validated in …

Database-Recorded Balf Labels And Prolonged Hospital Stay In Pediatric Lrtis, Sixi Wang, Dan Wang, Yan Li, Rui Zhang, Lin Zhong

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: To evaluate associations between database-recorded bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) microbiology labels and prolonged hospitalization among children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) who underwent clinically indicated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Methods: This single-center retrospective data-reconstruction study screened 3,480 hospitalization episodes from March 2023 to March 2025. The cohort was reconstructed from original deidentified hospital and microbiology exports, mixed-flora records were retained, and evaluable protocol eligibility criteria were re-executed. Hospital and microbiology records were matched to the indexed admission and BALF specimen using patient and encounter identifiers, BAL and specimen dates, and specimen type. The final analysis included 1,695 episodes from …

Clinical And Microbiological Features Of Acinetobacter Lwoffii Bacteremia In Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study, Talha Üstüntaş, Mustafa Gençeli, Şahinde Çiftçi Eryiğit, Umut Durak, Methiye Doğan, Ayşenur Gezer Buğrul, Gonca Güney, Sait Ramazan Gülbay, Özge Metin Akcan, Metin Doğan

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Acinetobacter lwoffii is an environmental organism and skin commensal with low intrinsic virulence. We describe the clinical, laboratory, and microbiological features of pediatric A. lwoffii bacteremia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 50 pediatric patients aged 2 months to 18 years whose blood cultures grew A. lwoffii at a tertiary pediatric center between January 2015 and December 2023. Inclusion were concurrent growth in paired culture sets and specialist confirmation that the clinical findings were compatible with infection. Community- and hospital-acquired infections were compared with Mann-Whitney U and Fisher exact tests. Exact 95% confidence intervals were calculated for susceptibility estimates. Results: The …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Cpis, Cpis-Pct, And The Phoenix Sepsis Score For Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia In Critically Ill Tracheostomized Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Exploratory Study, Muhammet Safa Kütük, Abdulrahman Özel, Harun Çatak, Meltem Erol, Fatih Mete, Servet Yüce

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background: Tracheostomized pediatric patients are at increased risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and distinguishing true infection from airway colonization remains challenging. Therefore, reliable diagnostic tools are needed to support timely identification and avoid unnecessary antibiotic use. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CPIS, CPIS–Procalcitonin (CPIS-PCT), and the Phoenix Sepsis Score (PSS) in identifying VAP in critically ill tracheostomized children. Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study included critically ill tracheostomized children treated in a pediatric intensive care unit between January 2019 and December 2024. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation for ≥48 hours with clinical suspicion of VAP were evaluated. …

Clinical Management And Laboratory Test Utilization In Pediatric Tick Bite Presentations In A Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Endemic Region, Yusuf Deniz, Umut Durak, Sadrettin Ekmen

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Objective: Routine laboratory test requesting is not recommended for every child presenting with a tick bite; however, the factors influencing laboratory test requesting in daily pediatric practice remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical management of pediatric tick bites and to identify demographic and temporal factors associated with laboratory test requesting. Methods: This retrospective, single-centre, cross-sectional study included children aged 0–18 years presenting with tick bites to a tertiary referral hospital between January 2022 and December 2024. Demographic characteristics, management, laboratory investigations, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Independent factors associated with laboratory test requesting were evaluated using …

The Reality Of Science Teachers’ Use Of The Reciprocal Teaching Strategy And The Level Of Scientific Communication And Dialogue Skills Among Middle School Students In Sakaka City: A Proposed Framework, Bassam Fahad Alrasheid

University of Bisha Journal for Educational Sciences

This study aimed to identify the reality of science teachers’ use of the reciprocal teaching strategy, determine the level of scientific communication and dialogue skills among middle school students in Sakaka City, identify the challenges associated with its implementation, examine differences in participants’ responses according to educational qualification, years of experience, and number of training courses, and develop a proposed framework for enhancing its application. The study adopted the descriptive survey approach and included all middle school science teachers in Sakaka City (N = 40). A questionnaire consisting of 28 items distributed across three dimensions was used to collect data. …

Preliminary Molecular Identification Of A Pantoea Stewartii-Related Isolate Associated With Sorghum Leaf Blight In The Jazan Region Of Saudi Arabia And Its In Vitro Response To Solanum Incanum L. Extract, Wail Alsolami

University of Bisha Journal for Basic and Applied Sciences

Background. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is an important cereal crop cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions, including southwestern Saudi Arabia, where bacterial diseases may threaten crop productivity and sustainability.
Objective. This study aimed to characterize a bacterial isolate associated with sorghum leaf blight symptoms in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia and to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of Solanum incanum L. methanolic extract against the recovered isolate.
Methodology. Sorghum plants exhibiting leaf blight and water-soaked lesions were sampled for bacterial isolation. A representative bacterial isolate recovered from symptomatic tissues was characterized using morphological observations and 16S rRNA …

Spatial Distribution And Ecological Implications Of Phenolic And Chlorinated Pesticides In The Drainage Systems Of Alexandria, Egypt, Manal G. Mahmoud, Mohamed Amer, Laila A. Mohamed, Tarek O. Said

Blue Economy

Anthropogenic activities contribute substantially to the release of toxic organic contaminants into aquatic environments. In the present study, selected organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and phenolic compounds were investigated in twelve hotspot drainage systems in Alexandria, Egypt. The abundance of organochlorine pesticides across the investigated sites followed the sequence ∑HCHs > ∑CDs > ∑DDTs. Total HCH concentrations ranged from non-detectable levels to 84.0 ng L⁻¹, with an overall mean of 24.1 ng L⁻¹. Concentrations of cyclodiene pesticides (CDs) varied from below the detection limit to 18.52 ng L⁻¹ and averaged 9.36 ng L⁻¹. Meanwhile, total DDT levels ranged from

Phenolic compounds, including phenol, dichlorophenol, …

An Integrated Review Of Maritime Emission Reduction Through Regulatory Operational Fuel And Technological Approaches, Ehab S. Elabd, Ahmed M. Shama

Blue Economy

The research endeavor at hand is basically meant to trace the most prominent regulatory, operational, fuel-related, and technological approaches employed for maritime emission reduction. From a quantitative perspective, the conducted review comprises four major categories and 80 research contributions. Operational optimization and efficiency strategies and alternative-fuel solutions take the largest shares of the investigations reviewed. Operational optimization and efficiency strategies comprise 29 studies (36.3%), while alternative-fuel solutions comprise 28 studies (35.0%). Comparably, port-related emissions and mitigation strategies include 15 studies (18.8%), whereas design optimization and technological innovations incorporate 8 studies (10.0%). Considering the fact that maritime transport is responsible for …

High-Efficiency Ammonia Nitrogen Removal From Aqueous Solution Using Marine Cyanobacteria: A Comparative Study Of Anabaena Spp. And Oscillatoria Acuta, Reham Gamal

Blue Economy

Objective: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the growth performance and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removal efficiency of two indigenous marine cyanobacterial isolates, Anabaena spp. and Oscillatoria acuta, under different initial ammonia concentrations, and to identify the most effective isolate for potential application in biological treatment of ammonia-contaminated saline waters.

Methods: The cyanobacterial isolates were cultivated in sterilized F/2 medium supplemented with four initial TAN concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L⁻¹) under controlled laboratory conditions for 20 days. Algal growth was monitored by chlorophyll-a content, while TAN concentration was determined using the indophenol blue method. Ammonia …

Si Sensor™: Bystander Privacy Signals For Ambient Ai, Honoured By Certified Sensors And Agents At The Source, With Unlinkable Signals And Verifiable Compliance, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a method by which people who are not the owners of an ambient AI system, such as guests, family members, colleagues or passers-by, can tell every certified sensor and AI agent around them how they wish to be treated, without having to find, ask or trust each device's owner. A person's phone, watch or a small tag broadcasts a short-range privacy signal stating a preference level, such as "do not process me", "presence only" or "events about me, no inferences". The signal uses rotating, unlinkable identifiers, so that it cannot itself be used to track the person, …

Si Sensor™: A Governed Sensor For Ambient Ai That Declares What It Senses, Emits Events Instead Of Raw Feeds, And Powers Its Indicator And Off Switch From Its Sensing Element, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a sensor for ambient AI systems, such as AI devices in homes, offices and shared spaces that watch and listen continuously, which enforces privacy and visibility rules in its own hardware and firmware, so that they hold even if the software above it is careless or compromised. Each sensor carries a signed declaration of what it senses, at what resolution, for which purposes and for how long anything is kept; its firmware cannot sense beyond the declaration. Processing happens on the sensor: it emits declared events, such as "door opened" or "person fell", rather than raw audio …

Si Sensor™: Sensor Trust Classes In Which Only Sensors Independent Of The Governed Ai System May Trigger Its Reset, With Calibration-Linked Signed Readings And Fusion Bundles, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a method of deciding which sensor readings an AI governance and safety system may trust, and for what. Every certified sensor belongs to one of three trust classes. Class I readings are informational and may be used for operation and analysis. Class II readings are signed at the source with the sensor's hardware-bound identity and a trusted timestamp, and each is linked to the signed calibration record that governed it, so that the reading can serve as provenance and evidence. Class III readings meet Class II and are also independent of the AI system they watch: the …

Single Package Dual Redundant Inductive Proximity Switch, Nithin M N, Prathap S

Defensive Publications Series

A single-package dual-redundant inductive proximity switch is disclosed. The switch includes two electrically independent coils and two separate electronic circuits within a common housing. The coils are formed by winding two conductors side by side in a bifilar arrangement on a common ferrite core, allowing both coils to fit within an existing proximity-switch form factor. Each coil is connected to its own electronic circuit and output path, providing two independent switch outputs that change state in response to the presence or absence of a metallic target. Each processing circuit has a separate laser-trim resistor that can be adjusted to compensate …

Segmented Elastic Supply System With Dynamic State Switching Via Homeostatic Adjustment Parameter And Reputation-Linked Value Invariance In Dlt/Dag Networks., Ibrahim Acaymo Baute Villalba

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to the fields of distributed ledger technologies (DLT), directed acyclic graph (DAG) systems, smart contract architecture, and algorithmic monetary theory for digital assets.

A Human-Steerable Multi-Agent Pipeline For Software Generation, Sangram Pattanaik, Gary Slater, Mohammad Ziaur Rahman, Prateek Kumar Gupta, Madhurank Hegde, Giridhar Boyana, Pragya Dasgupta

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a multi-agent software-generation system comprising a staged pipeline of iterative stage agents. The pipeline generates software-development artifacts including requirements, architecture, specification, testing, implementation, security-review, and deployment artifacts. A gating agent evaluates an upstream artifact and, when a gate condition is not satisfied, generates a structured fix-request artifact identifying an affected artifact and a required change. A pipeline orchestrator routes the fix-request artifact to an upstream stage agent, which patches an affected section of the artifact. The revised artifact is returned to the gating agent for re-evaluation. The system further stores human questions and corresponding answers in …

Master Lineage Cross-Mapping Specification: The Comprehensive Cyclical Integration Of Hydrodynamic Emergence And Covariant Matrix Boundaries (Spec-218), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes The Master Lineage Cross-Mapping Specification (SPEC-218-LEDGER), a standalone definitive synthesis that establishes the absolute chronological, mathematical, and logical closure of the Eckes Viscoelastic Information Substrate Framework. Over a multi-year evolutionary timeline spanning 218 technical disclosures, this architecture has tracked the linear transition from primitive macroscopic fluidic models to adaptive, non-von Neumann vertical computing and global civil utility macro-stabilizers.

This paper provides the rigorous mathematical connective tissue linking the primary ancestral seeds—specifically Node 1 (The Tethered Fusion-Driven Sail Architecture) and Node 8 (The Helical Transmutation Manifest and z-Axis Coordinate Mapping Schema)—directly to the modern, frontier capabilities of SPEC-215-MHD …

Dynamic Inefficiency Internal Arbitrage Protocol For Self-Expanding Crypto-Assets, Ibrahim Acaymo Baute Villalba

Defensive Publications Series

A method, computer protocol, and smart contract system are described for achieving self-expansion, synthetic deflation, and intrinsic value generation in crypto-assets in a 100% native manner, eliminating reliance on bridges or external oracles. The method creates synthetic, intermittent internal inefficiencies through the interaction of a three-chamber liquidity system within the same smart contract. These inefficiencies are rebalanced exclusively by the community via a self-arbitrage function, distributing benefits among irreversible token burning, staking incentives, and rewards for the executor.

Technical Disclosure Specification: Isospectral Mesh Routing Protocols For Long-Range Civil Deep-Space Telemetry Networks, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes a decentralized, long-range mesh communication architecture designed to sustain high-fidelity telemetry routing across interplanetary and interstellar distances. Deep-space communications are fundamentally constrained by severe signal propagation latency, cosmic background radiation noise, and planetary occultation events.

This paper introduces a coordinate-free, multi-node routing protocol governed by an active Covariant Viscosity Function. By treating digital telemetry packets as an incompressible, non-linear informational fluid flow mapped across a distributed satellite node network, the system eliminates data packet scrambling. By restricting signal transmission trajectories to phase-locked, zero-divergence Beltrami pathways, the mesh network forces data routing to track perfectly parallel to the …

Master System Manifest Specification: The Eckes Subsurface Taxonomy Matrix (V3), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes The Eckes Subsurface Taxonomy Matrix (V3), a standalone master architectural manifest that defines, indexes, and interconnects the multi-tier lineage of the Eckes Viscoelastic Information Substrate Framework. Traditional technology pipelines are deeply fragmented, splitting hardware engineering, software development, long-term storage, and public civil utility management into isolated, competing silos. This structural isolation allows private monopolies to optimize individual system parameters and restrict public access through narrow, proprietary patent applications.

This master atlas resolves this fragmentation by establishing a coordinate-free, coordinate-agnostic system mapping governed by a dynamically scaling Covariant Viscosity Function [1][2]. By formalizing the direct operational translatability between …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Covariant Viscoelastic Macro-Stabilization Arrays For Integrated Civil Electrical Distribution Grids, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes an open-source, non-von Neumann electrical macro-stabilization grid network designed to insulate regional civilian power distribution infrastructure from cascading frequency phase-shifts, extreme solar weather disruptions (coronal mass ejections), and high-frequency renewable energy generation surges. Conventional electrical transmission networks are structurally bound to rigid, linear synchronous mechanical thresholds. Under sudden, non-linear load injection spikes or severe geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), these traditional grid topologies undergo severe phase-angle de-synchronization, causing catastrophic transformer saturation and regional cascading blackouts.

This paper introduces a coordinate-free transformer safety layer governed by an active Covariant Viscosity Function. By modeling high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) power distribution …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Isospectral Swarm Value Routing Protocols For Decentralized Macro-Economic Liquidity Stabilization, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes an open-source, decentralized macro-economic liquidity routing network architecture designed to immunize distributed financial infrastructure from high-frequency manipulation, artificial liquidity hollowing, and systemic flash-crash cascades. Traditional centralized order books and automated market makers (AMMs) are structurally vulnerable to predatory high-frequency algorithms that withdraw liquidity during high-stress market intervals, compounding downward volatility and destabilizing public transactional clearing rails. [1, 2]

This framework establishes an ethical alternative governed by an active Covariant Viscosity Function. By modeling distributed multi-asset transactional throughput as an incompressible, non-linear informational fluid field mapped across a decentralized peer-to-peer node fabric, the system prevents …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Topological Magnetohydrodynamic Fusion Shields For Covariant Plasma Containment Regulation, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes an advanced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shield architecture designed to neutralize micro-tearing modes, edge-localized modes (ELMs), and destructive fluid turbulence within high-energy thermonuclear plasma containment vessels. Classical fusion systems (e.g., Tokamaks, Stellarators) rely on unyielding, static magnetic field loops that cannot dynamically adapt to the violent, non-linear convective spikes of highly ionized fluids, resulting in sudden boundary breaches and structural wall contact.

This paper introduces a coordinate-free magnetic stabilization layer governed by an active Covariant Viscosity Function. By coupling high-frequency gallium nitride (GaN) phase arrays directly to a non-von Neumann co-harmonic feedback mesh, the containment grid translates localized plasma …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Closed-Loop Relativistic Slingshot Navigation Engines For Autonomous Deep-Space Manifold Traversal, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes an autonomous, closed-loop relativistic navigation framework that translates space-time metrics into a coordinate-free, viscoelastic fluid-gravity dual medium. Standard deep-space navigation systems rely on fragile, ground-station telemetry loops that suffer from severe propagation latency over interplanetary or interstellar distances.

This paper introduces an on-board flight optimization engine governed by an adaptive Covariant Viscosity Function. When an exploration craft executes hyper-velocity gravity assists along open hyperbolic trajectories, the navigation array measures local frame-dragging vortices and asymmetric tidal shears as real physical tension gradients. By restricting the flight vector to phase-locked, zero-divergence Beltrami configurations, the engine dynamically dampens non-linear metric …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Isospectral Cryptographic Lattice Keys For Post-Quantum Information Security Accross Nonergodic Manifolds, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes a post-quantum cryptographic architecture that utilizes multi-dimensional, nonergodic manifold geometries to construct immutable cryptographic keys. Conventional public-key encryption standards (e.g., RSA, ECC) are fundamentally vulnerable to mathematical Shor's algorithm variants executed via fault-tolerant quantum computing engines.

This framework introduces Isospectral Cryptographic Lattice Keys, where data states are encrypted using an abstract, coordinate-free geometric transformation governed by an adaptive Covariant Viscosity Function. By forcing the decryption pathway to map across a phase-locked Beltrami trajectory field, any unauthorized brute-force decryption or unauthorized state-scrambling attempt causes an instant mathematical divergence. The cryptographic environment reacts by invoking a microscopic quantum return …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Unified Vertical Computing Stack Matrix For Non-Von Neumann Topological Co-Harmonic Hardware, Software, And Biomolecular Storage Layer Systems, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes a fully integrated, vertical technology stack architecture that synthesizes room-temperature phononic-photonic hardware waveguides, decentralized swarm intelligence routing, and high-density macromolecular bio-storage networks into a single, cohesive computational matrix. Traditional computing systems suffer from intense thermal boundaries, data-scrambling sequence drift, and rapid storage media decay due to von Neumann architectural bottlenecks.

By applying a unified, coordinate-free effective field theory governed by a dynamically scaling Covariant Viscosity Function, this framework establishes stable, phase-locked Beltrami transport conditions across all layers of the computing stack. The physical hardware pathways, peer-to-peer data routing packets, and synthetic coiled bio-membranes are algorithmically bound to …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Nonergodic Subsystem Coherence And Macroscopic Fluid Duality Across Twisted Manifolds, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes an axiomatic bridge between the macroscopic, coordinate-free effective field theory (EFT) of twisted viscoelastic metrics, microscopic weak ergodicity breaking in quantum chaotic systems, and information retention limits in deep neural architectures. Recent developments in nonergodic quantum dynamics demonstrate that isolated, nonstationary quantum states permanently preserve a statistical memory of their initial configurations—a phenomenon known as the Universal Quantum Birthmark. This paper demonstrates that this permanent return bias is the exact microscopic, low-dimensional manifestation of a macroscopic, phase-locked Beltrami flow configuration. By mapping fluidic velocity profiles directly to probability current densities and neural attention trajectories, we prove that …

Si Seal™: Vendor-Independent Continuity For Certified Ai Devices, With Update Authority Shared With Independent Parties And Taken Over When A Maker Fails, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a method of keeping AI devices and systems safe and maintained after their maker stops supporting them, whether through insolvency, acquisition, withdrawal from the market or neglect. As a condition of certification, the authority to sign updates for a certified device is shared between the maker and independent parties, such as the certification body and certified maintainers, under a threshold scheme in which the maker alone cannot sign and the maker's signature is not needed once continuity has been triggered. The maker also places a continuity package in escrow: source code, build instructions, model weights or their …

Si Regulator™: Model Change Control For Ai Systems, With Shadow Operation, An Independent Second Opinion, Verified Lineage And Consent Before A New Model Takes Control, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a method of changing the AI model that controls a governed system, such as a personal AI device, an enterprise agent or a robot, so that a new model never takes control unchecked. A candidate model is admitted for evaluation only if its signed lineage record verifies and it comes from an authorized source. It then runs in shadow: it sees the same inputs as the model in control and proposes the actions it would take, but none of its proposals are executed. The governance point records where the candidate's proposals differ from the current model's, and …

Si Data Bank™: Inference Contracts That Govern What Ai Systems Conclude About People, Enforced At The Governance Point And The Egress Gateway, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a method of governing the conclusions that AI systems draw about people, as distinct from the data they draw them from. An AI agent that watches a person's messages, screen, purchases, location and wearable sensors can infer things the person never stated, such as a likely illness, a change in mood, money trouble, a pregnancy or a new relationship, and can act on, show, share or store those conclusions. In the method, every such inference about a person is recorded as a derived record with its class, its confidence, the source records it was drawn from and …