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Introduction, Barry Gaulton Apr 2024

Introduction, Barry Gaulton

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract provided.


Editor's Introduction, Maria O'Donovan Apr 2024

Editor's Introduction, Maria O'Donovan

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract provided.


The Effect Of Nurse Staffing On Patients Perceived Care, Jenna Racey, Victoria Newman, Erin Wojtkowski, Jillian Crews Apr 2024

The Effect Of Nurse Staffing On Patients Perceived Care, Jenna Racey, Victoria Newman, Erin Wojtkowski, Jillian Crews

Student Scholar Showcase

In discharged patients, how do fully staffed units compared with short-staffed units affect patient satisfaction levels during their inpatient experience? From the literature review, it was found that as nurse staffing declined, so did the patient-perceived quality of care and their loyalty to the respective hospitals. Also, as the percentage of assistant nurses to registered nurses increased, the patients reported poor care and decreased nursing guidance. While more research is needed on this prevalent issue, a recommendation of how nurse staffing issues could be changed is to increase nurse staffing visibility, especially in units with poor reported patient outcomes in …


Cracking A Back Is Not Rehabilitation: A Comparative Analysis Of Chiropractic Vs. Physical Therapy, Lauren M. Radack Apr 2024

Cracking A Back Is Not Rehabilitation: A Comparative Analysis Of Chiropractic Vs. Physical Therapy, Lauren M. Radack

Student Scholar Showcase

There is an increasingly common belief among the general public that chiropractic care is more successful in treating injuries than physical therapy. Research shows that chiropractic care cannot be compared to physical therapy due to their different skill sets, knowledge of treatment, and applications; therefore, one modality cannot be determined better than the other. While the two domains are incomparable, individuals continue to feel pressured to select between chiropractic care and physical Therapy. Analyzing the influence of the false claims and misinformation that surrounds rehabilitation services, the belief that physical therapy treatment is able to be replaced by chiropractic treatment …


The Power: Gender: A Superhero Or A Scapegoat?, Zoe Winfield Berken Apr 2024

The Power: Gender: A Superhero Or A Scapegoat?, Zoe Winfield Berken

KUCC -- Kutztown University Composition Conference

No abstract provided.


Aiming For Fairness: An Exploration Into Getty Images V. Stability Ai And Its Importance In The Landscape Of Modern Copyright Law, Matthew Coulter Apr 2024

Aiming For Fairness: An Exploration Into Getty Images V. Stability Ai And Its Importance In The Landscape Of Modern Copyright Law, Matthew Coulter

DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.


A Timeless Principle: Copyright Before The Statute Of Anne, Victoria Lieberman Apr 2024

A Timeless Principle: Copyright Before The Statute Of Anne, Victoria Lieberman

DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.


Innovation At A Crossroads: The Supreme Court's Influence On Pharmaceuticals, Trade Policies, And Public Health, Beau Reeves Apr 2024

Innovation At A Crossroads: The Supreme Court's Influence On Pharmaceuticals, Trade Policies, And Public Health, Beau Reeves

DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.


Beautifying The Human Experience: The Road To Knocking Out The Knockoff Industry Through Adaptions To Copyright & Design Patent Protections For Clothing, Moira Mccabe Apr 2024

Beautifying The Human Experience: The Road To Knocking Out The Knockoff Industry Through Adaptions To Copyright & Design Patent Protections For Clothing, Moira Mccabe

DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.


Demons 101: A Comparative Understanding Of Ancient Near Eastern Demons, Christopher Dykes Apr 2024

Demons 101: A Comparative Understanding Of Ancient Near Eastern Demons, Christopher Dykes

Liberty University Research Week

The 2012 international conference "Evil Spirits, Monsters, and Benevolent Protectors: Demonology in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia" served as a catalyst, igniting a renewed interest in supernatural beings. Among the topics covered, one worth exploring more is the taxonomical issues in studying ancient conceptions of demons. This paper seeks to develop a better understanding of the differences between demons in the ancient Mesopotamian and Egyptian context. One source being the Udug-Hul incantation tablets from Mesopotamia, the other being the Leiden Magical Papyri from Egypt. Both these texts are medical texts to treat demon caused illnesses. This study seeks to understand the …


In The Shadows Of Conquest: The Modern Maya Syncretic Legacy, Kimberly Weaner Apr 2024

In The Shadows Of Conquest: The Modern Maya Syncretic Legacy, Kimberly Weaner

Liberty University Research Week

Modern-day Guatemala is a unique illustration of the cultural and historical impacts of Spanish Colonialism. The Spanish Empire did not encounter a powerful central civilization to rival the likes of the Incas in Peru or the Aztecs in Mexico. Instead, Guatemala housed the remnants of the Maya, a once powerful civilization past their height. These Maya remnants fought hard to preserve their culture, forcing the Spanish conquistadors to come up with new methods of enslavement and authority. When the Spanish arrived in 1524, the Maya had collapsed into several small, fortified kingdoms, the strongest of which were the K’iche and …


Ending American Slavery Once And For All: Lincoln, Natural Law, The Bible, And The Federal Government, Alexander Marks-Katz Apr 2024

Ending American Slavery Once And For All: Lincoln, Natural Law, The Bible, And The Federal Government, Alexander Marks-Katz

Liberty University Research Week

My research topic is the natural law foundation for Lincoln’s ending slavery. My literature both considers Lincoln’s philosophy—which is based on natural law—and Lincoln, the historical man—i.e., historical factors influencing Lincoln’s decision. My research question is “How did Abraham Lincoln conceive of liberty?” My research methods for the philosophical aspect of my topic are to identify the chain of thinkers who developed natural law philosophy with a particular focus on what they said about slavery. These thinkers and works include the Pentateuch, the Gospels and Epistles, Aristotle (Nicomachean Ethics), Cicero (The Laws), Thomas Aquinas (Summa Theologica), the medieval Bible commentator …


Traces Of The Past: German Romantic Influence On Macdonald, Lewis, Tolkien, And L’Engle, Suzanne Stem Apr 2024

Traces Of The Past: German Romantic Influence On Macdonald, Lewis, Tolkien, And L’Engle, Suzanne Stem

Liberty University Research Week

This paper examines German Romanticism’s profound impact on the European literary culture and how German writers such as Novalis (pen name of Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg) and E. T. A. Hoffmann planted the seeds that would grow into the masterful works of George MacDonald. By examining the characteristics and historical context of the German Romantic movement, the connections to George MacDonald become clear. Through his fairy tales and fantasy novels, MacDonald became a powerful influence on future fantasy writers C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, and Madeleine L’Engle. Examples of three key characteristics of German Romanticism can be found in …


Media Impact On Stereotypes: How The Media Feeds The Bias Beast, Emma Campbell Apr 2024

Media Impact On Stereotypes: How The Media Feeds The Bias Beast, Emma Campbell

Liberty University Research Week

This project examines the ways in which news media perpetuates inaccurate stereotypes, different methods of diminishing stereotyping on a psychological level, and proposes an adaptation of these strategies to be applied in the news media industry. It is well documented that the media industry frequently feeds stereotypic images rather than diminishing them, even if unintentionally. Stereotypic portrayals in the media can have real-world impacts on the people or groups unfairly treated. These impacts range from influencing interpersonal interactions to influencing public policy that affects those subjected to stereotyping. Existing research has primarily examined the psychological processes of stereotyping and how …


Devastation Through Assimilation: The Struggle For Cultural Preservation In The Armenian Genocide, Evelyn Loftin Apr 2024

Devastation Through Assimilation: The Struggle For Cultural Preservation In The Armenian Genocide, Evelyn Loftin

Liberty University Research Week

The Armenian genocide was detrimental to Armenian society; permanently altering Armenian faith, language, and culture. The history and relationship between the Ottoman Turks and the Christian Armenians is a long, drawn-out, tumultuous history that came to a boiling point during the Great War. The Anatolian Peninsula was forever changed due to the implementation of Turkification by the Ottoman government and the individual Turkish citizens' hatred towards the Armenian people. Through violent and traumatic actions, the Ottomans attempted to eradicate the Armenians along with any trace of their culture. Following the elimination of the male Armenian population, the responsibility for the …


The Trauma-Informed Church: An Investigative Study On Congregational Community In Trauma Recovery, Joel Ogle Apr 2024

The Trauma-Informed Church: An Investigative Study On Congregational Community In Trauma Recovery, Joel Ogle

Liberty University Research Week

This study explores the importance and impact of congregational community within the framework of the local church in supporting individuals through trauma recovery. Through the application of Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) (2014) key principles of trauma-informed practice into current empirical literature, a faith centered approach is identified and analyzed (Singer, 2024). This research addresses important psychological principles such as trauma response and trauma-informed care. Studies such as Simpson (2021) and ter Kuile and Ehring (2014) show that a majority of pastoral care revolves around trauma issues. Therefore, it is imperative that the local church structure ministry …


Code Girls In World War Two, Madison Kelly Apr 2024

Code Girls In World War Two, Madison Kelly

Liberty University Research Week

Before World War Two, women were typically seen as school teachers or housewives. However, when a prominent war occurred, many women switched careers for the given time and helped out with the homefront. Some women traveled to the front lines and flew planes or served as nurses. However, many of the women remained behind the scenes. The Code Girls is a prime example of that; they were used to break codes behind the scenes to support those on the front lines. Many of these girls were school teachers, or obtaining a college degree in either math or science. For a …


The Carolingian Renaissance: Church And Culture, Paul Aitchison Apr 2024

The Carolingian Renaissance: Church And Culture, Paul Aitchison

Liberty University Research Week

This paper examines the Carolingian Renaissance, the formation, conduct, and overall impact considering the Italian Renaissance that began 500 years later. The survival of literary and historical works of antient writers through the diligence of early medieval monastic scriptoriums was one of the bases for the later Renaissance and return to the writing of antiquity. When Charlemagne was proclaimed Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day, 800 both the Papacy and Charlemagne wanted different things. What occurred was not a long-standing peace across Europe but instead a period of increased innovation in literacy, education, and literature as well as survival …


Samovars In The Snow: The Rise Of A Distinctively Russian Tea Culture, Abigail Coker Apr 2024

Samovars In The Snow: The Rise Of A Distinctively Russian Tea Culture, Abigail Coker

Liberty University Research Week

For almost two centuries, Russians have embraced tea as an integral part of their culture, adapting tools, habits, and cuisine to create a distinctively Russian tea culture. However, when first presented with tea in the 17th century, Russian diplomats rejected the gift as “superfluous” and “unknown.” Two hundred years later, wealthy nobles, merchant peasants, and half-starved boarding students all enjoyed tea as an integrated part of their lives. How did a despised product become a valuable commodity? When did an imported luxury good become an indispensable element of daily life? This research investigates these questions through the lenses of a …


Evita: The Unassuming Rise Of Argentina's Most Beloved First Lady, Adaline Nolley Apr 2024

Evita: The Unassuming Rise Of Argentina's Most Beloved First Lady, Adaline Nolley

Liberty University Research Week

Born in the rural town of Los Toldos, Argentina, Eva María Duarte was not the heiress to great wealth, fame, or success. The illegitimate daughter of a wealthy farmer, Eva was often overlooked and shunned by siblings and citizens of her town. Her rise to fame as one of Argentina’s most renowned historic figures was unprecedented, and it did not follow the acceptable patterns of her time nor those of other great Latin American heroes. From rumors of a romantic relationship with a dashing guitarist to her fateful move to the city of Buenos Aires and her marriage to the …


The Justification For The American And French Revolutions In Light Of Romans 13, Analeise Wasenius Apr 2024

The Justification For The American And French Revolutions In Light Of Romans 13, Analeise Wasenius

Liberty University Research Week

The early British colonists that settled on the North American shores at Jamestown soon after desired their independence from the tyrannical monarchy of Great Britain. After a series of battles that made up the American Revolution, the colonies established their newfound freedoms outlined in the Articles of Confederation, which was followed by the drafting and signing of the Declaration of Independence. After failing to meet the needs of the people, the Articles of Confederation was revised as the United States Constitution. Having been greatly influenced by America’s fight for liberty against tyranny of the Crown in the American Revolution, the …


Smoldering Fire On The Mountain: The Wider Context Of The Battle Of Blair Mountain, Benjamin Grist Apr 2024

Smoldering Fire On The Mountain: The Wider Context Of The Battle Of Blair Mountain, Benjamin Grist

Liberty University Research Week

The Battle of Blair Mountain was the largest labor uprising in American history, and the climactic end to the West Virginia Coal Wars. Most modern scholars focus on the events in the year leading up to the battle. This is understandable, as a gunfight between a union-sympathizing sheriff and company-back detectives is a thrilling event to begin a book or journal article with and acts as a good starting point to explain year-long escalation that ended with the military being called in to put down the uprising. However, the West Virginia Coal Wars were not simply those events leading up …


Caught In The Camelot: How Kennedy's Assassination Preserved His Legacy, Caleb Noble Apr 2024

Caught In The Camelot: How Kennedy's Assassination Preserved His Legacy, Caleb Noble

Liberty University Research Week

This paper investigates the impact of Kennedy’s assassination on his legacy. Kennedy had a presidency fill with struggles and setbacks, yet he is remembered as one of the greatest presidents of all time. This paper briefly looks at the accomplishments and failures of the Kennedy administration, his family life, and ultimately how his assassination affected his legacy in American popular memory. President John F. Kennedy is one of the most iconic presidents in modern American history. America will never forget its young, handsome leader who was abruptly struck down by an assassin’s bullet. His name is enshrined in monuments, airports, …


Integrating Ncss Notable Trade Books Into Elementary Social Studies Classrooms, Tristin G. Lucas Apr 2024

Integrating Ncss Notable Trade Books Into Elementary Social Studies Classrooms, Tristin G. Lucas

Student Scholar Showcase

Each year the NCSS Notable Trade Book Committee selects “books that emphasize human relations, represent a diversity of groups and are sensitive to a broad range of cultural experiences, present an original theme or a fresh slant on a traditional topic, are easily readable and of high literary quality, and have a pleasing format and, when appropriate, illustrations that enrich the text. Each book is read by several reviewers, and books are included on the list by committee assent” (NCSS, 2023). In this session presenters will show participants how to access the current and previous lists of NCSS Notable Trade …


Mija, Ñaña: The Evolving Role Of Ecuadorian Women, Adaline Nolley Apr 2024

Mija, Ñaña: The Evolving Role Of Ecuadorian Women, Adaline Nolley

Liberty University Research Week

Based on lived experiences in the city of Quito and the town of Misuhuallí, Ecuador this paper examines the roles of Ecuadorian women and how they have changed throughout history. It highlights Ecuadorian feminist icon, Manuela Saenz, and her work with Simón Bolívar as well as the feminist movement in Ecuador and the story of one Ecuadorian woman, interviewed by the author. The research gives a broad overview of the way Ecuadorian women have lived throughout history and across different regions, and it provides a closer look at the way women are represented in Ecuadorian society, both in the city …


Bureaus Of Ungentlemanly Warfare: Comparing The Roles Of Women In The Special Operations Executive And The Office Of Strategic Services During World War Ii, Adaline Nolley Apr 2024

Bureaus Of Ungentlemanly Warfare: Comparing The Roles Of Women In The Special Operations Executive And The Office Of Strategic Services During World War Ii, Adaline Nolley

Liberty University Research Week

At the dawn of World War II in the summer of 1940, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill authorized the creation of a Special Operations Executive to “set Europe ablaze.” The organization was notable for its role as one of the first government agencies to recruit and train women as spies, and the women of the SOE demonstrated great valor in their accomplishments. Nearly one year later, President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States commissioned a similar organization, the Office of Strategic Services, which also employed women. The two organizations approached the concept of female agents differently, with the United …


The Ponderous Tower: A Historiographical Examination Of Austro-Hungarian Military Failings In The Great War, Christian Mumpower Apr 2024

The Ponderous Tower: A Historiographical Examination Of Austro-Hungarian Military Failings In The Great War, Christian Mumpower

Liberty University Research Week

Throughout much of the Great War (1914-1918), the Central Powers suffered from a severe lack of balance when it came to the battlefield performance of its nations’ armies. While the Imperial German Army effectively brought the Russians to heel in the east and firmly held the line against Entente forces in the west, their Habsburg counterpart, the Austro-Hungarian Landwehr, routinely suffered great defeats at the hands of seemingly lesser opponents. Military historians have since regarded Austria-Hungary’s contribution to the Central Powers in the Great War as negligible at best and greatly detrimental at worst. Still, the question persists; why did …


“In God We Trust”: Reevaluating George Washington’S Religious Faith, Cole Klicker Apr 2024

“In God We Trust”: Reevaluating George Washington’S Religious Faith, Cole Klicker

Liberty University Research Week

The ongoing historical debate surrounding George Washington's religious views has evolved through different perspectives. In the early 19th century, there was a prevailing consensus that portrayed Washington as a devout Christian. However, as the 20th century unfolded, this view faced challenges and has continued to be scrutinized in the modern era of historical understanding. The central question driving this discourse remains straightforward: Was George Washington a Christian? To investigate this question, a comprehensive approach utilizing a mix of primary and secondary sources has been employed. Primary sources, primarily drawn from the collection of the Washington Papers, offer direct insights into …


Has Critical Theory And Postmodern Ideas Affected Liberty University’S Mission, Practices, And Campus Life?, Camila Alejandra Roldan Hernandez Apr 2024

Has Critical Theory And Postmodern Ideas Affected Liberty University’S Mission, Practices, And Campus Life?, Camila Alejandra Roldan Hernandez

Liberty University Research Week

Christian scholars face an internal and external cultural war in higher education (Mering, 2021). This war has forced Christian universities to incorporate postmodern sociocultural ideas and practices (Miles, 2023). Sadly, these practices distort and oppose biblical principles by aligning with anti-biblical and extremist ideologies (Mering, 2021). This distortion has affected the understanding and the practice of Scripture, which, in turn, has affected the teaching and learning of principles, concepts, and practices in Christian higher education (Mitchell, 2021). In 2018, Azusa Pacific University’s (APU) students protested the ban on homosexual relationships on campus (Reyes-Velarde, 2018). In response to these actions, APU’s …


Montezuma Red: Red Lipstick In The United States Marine Corps During World War Ii, Adaline Nolley Apr 2024

Montezuma Red: Red Lipstick In The United States Marine Corps During World War Ii, Adaline Nolley

Liberty University Research Week

As the United States entered World War II, a call to arms was sounded across the nation to able-bodied men. However, American women were also eager to serve their country in whatever way (capacity?) they were allowed. With more and more men being sent overseas to fight, military service jobs began opening both domestically and abroad, and eventually, women were asked to fill these positions. The United States Marine Corps’ treatment of female recruits was unique. The USMC Women’s Reserve was not given an abbreviated nickname like Army WAACS or Navy WAVES, and the Corps’ commandant, Thomas Holcomb was adamant …