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Articles 291061 - 291090 of 5154694

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Assistive Technology In Early Childhood For Language And Communication, Katherine Kemp Oct 2024

Assistive Technology In Early Childhood For Language And Communication, Katherine Kemp

Master's Theses & Capstone Projects

Students with special needs across the country and the world continue to struggle to gain functional language and communication skills, and build a vocabulary to use throughout life. Research shows that augmentative and alternative communication or speech-generating devices can be a special, useful, and powerful tool for students' language skills. Based on a literature review of augmentative and alternative communication devices, early childhood, and assistive technology, an in-class study was performed in a Virginia Early Childhood Special Education classroom. The results indicate that augmentative and alternative communication devices and assistive technology have a positive impact on students' language and vocabulary …

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Classroom Strategies To Increase Language And Communication Of Dual Language Learners, Lori Ruiz Oct 2024

Classroom Strategies To Increase Language And Communication Of Dual Language Learners, Lori Ruiz

Master's Theses & Capstone Projects

This action research was inspired by the researcher’s interest to better understand teaching strategies to help students who are Dual Language Learners (DLLs) improve their English language, communication skills, and classroom engagement. The researcher wanted to know how modeling and visual cues affect the language and communication abilities of preschool DLLs in the classroom. Over four weeks, the researcher observed three four-year-old DLL students in a public, full-day, inclusive preschool setting. To determine the students’ levels on the English Language Acquisitions objectives, the researcher used an embedded mixed-methods design by collecting and interpreting observations before entering them into Teaching Strategies …

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The Impact Of Choice-Based Assessments On First Grade Science Achievement, Emily Dworak Oct 2024

The Impact Of Choice-Based Assessments On First Grade Science Achievement, Emily Dworak

Master's Theses & Capstone Projects

Elementary students lack choices within their assessments which limits their ability to effectively demonstrate their full scope of content knowledge. Standardized assessments restrict how students show their understanding which leads to discrepancies in achievement. Research has shown a positive impact with implementing choice-based assessments within higher education settings. This study aims to assess the advantages, disadvantages, and impact of choice-based assessments to improve academic achievement for the benefit of elementary-aged students. The following research questions were explored: What is the impact of choice-based assessments on elementary student achievement? What are the advantages and disadvantages of choice-based assessments for elementary students? …

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Research On Vector Database And Its Application, Yusheng Sun, Junhao Zeng Oct 2024

Research On Vector Database And Its Application, Yusheng Sun, Junhao Zeng

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]The article reveals the theoretical systems, technological systems, and applied systems of vector databases, aiming to promote innovation in the research and practice of multimodal AI related theories, technologies, and applications. [Method/process]This article elaborates on the evolution of vector databases and defines its core concepts through literatures tracing and content analyzing. Subsequently, it compares and analyzes their characteristics and values, and based on this, sorts out their application mechanisms, functions, corresponding key technologies and application modes. Simultaneously, it discusses the challenges and countermeasures faced by vector databases, and looks forward to their development trends from theoretical, technical, and application perspectives. …

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Development Of Malate Biosensor-Containing Hydrogels And Living Cell-Based Sensors, Nathan J. Ricks, Monica Brachi, Kevin Mcfadden, Rohit G. Jadhav, Shelley D. Minteer, Ming C. Hammond Oct 2024

Development Of Malate Biosensor-Containing Hydrogels And Living Cell-Based Sensors, Nathan J. Ricks, Monica Brachi, Kevin Mcfadden, Rohit G. Jadhav, Shelley D. Minteer, Ming C. Hammond

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Malate is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle, an enzymatic cascade that is central to cellular energy metabolism and that has been applied to make biofuel cells. To enable real-time sensing of malate levels, we have engineered a genetically encoded, protein-based fluorescent biosensor called Malon specifically responsive to malate by performing structure-based mutagenesis of the Cache-binding domain of the Citron GFP-based biosensor. Malon demonstrates high specificity and fluorescence activation in response to malate and has been applied to monitor enzymatic reactions in vitro. Furthermore, we successfully incorporated Malon into redox polymer hydrogels and bacterial cells, enabling analysis of …

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A New Data-Driven Model To Predict Monthly Runoff At Watershed Scale: Insights From Deep Learning Method Applied In Data-Driven Model, Shunqing Jia, Xihua Wang, Y. Jun Xu, Zejun Liu, Boyang Mao Oct 2024

A New Data-Driven Model To Predict Monthly Runoff At Watershed Scale: Insights From Deep Learning Method Applied In Data-Driven Model, Shunqing Jia, Xihua Wang, Y. Jun Xu, Zejun Liu, Boyang Mao

Faculty Publications

Accurate forecasting of mid to long-term runoff is essential for water resources management. However, the traditional model cannot predict well and the precision of runoff forecast needs to be further improved. Here, we proposed a novel data-driven model aimed at enhancing the performance of the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) through the integration of Robust Local Mean Decomposition (RLMD) and the Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA). The objective is to improve mid to long-term runoff prediction in three hydrographic stations: Heishiguan, Baimasi, and Longmenzhen, located within the Yiluo River Watershed in central China. The model leverages monthly runoff data spanning from 2007 …

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Extensions Of Open Science For Applied Behavior Analysis: Preregistration For Single-Case Experimental Designs, Matt Tincani, Shawn P. Gilroy, Art Dowdy Oct 2024

Extensions Of Open Science For Applied Behavior Analysis: Preregistration For Single-Case Experimental Designs, Matt Tincani, Shawn P. Gilroy, Art Dowdy

Faculty Publications

Open science practices are designed to enhance the utility, integrity, and credibility of scientific research. This article highlights how preregistration in open science practice can be leveraged to enhance the rigor and transparency of single-case experimental designs within an applied behavior analysis framework. We provide an overview of the benefits of preregistration including increased transparency, reduced risk of researcher bias, and improved replicability, and we review the specific contexts under which these practices most benefit the proposed framework. We discuss potential concerns with and unique considerations for preregistering experiments that use single-case designs, with practical guidance for researchers who are …

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Precision Interventions Targeting The Maternal Metabolic Milieu For Healthy Pregnancies In Obesity, Alexandra M. Niclou, Hannah E. Cabre, Emily W. Flanagan, Leanne M. Redman Oct 2024

Precision Interventions Targeting The Maternal Metabolic Milieu For Healthy Pregnancies In Obesity, Alexandra M. Niclou, Hannah E. Cabre, Emily W. Flanagan, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Purpose of Review: Entering pregnancy with obesity increases the risk of adverse health outcomes for parent and child. As such, research interventions are largely focused on limiting excess gestational weight gain during pregnancy, especially in those with obesity. Yet, while many lifestyle interventions are successful in reducing GWG, few affect pregnancy outcomes. Here we review work targeting the metabolic milieu instead of focusing solely on weight. Recent Findings: Work done in non-pregnant populations suggests that specifically targeting glucose, triglyceride, and leptin levels or inflammatory makers improves the metabolic milieu and overall health. We posit that precision interventions that include strategies …

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Exercise In The Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Position Statement From Exercise And Sports Science Australia, Angelo Sabag, Rhiannon K. Patten, Alba Moreno-Asso, Giorgia E. Colombo, Xela Dafauce Bouzo, Lisa J. Moran, Cheryce Harrison, Maryam Kazemi, Aya Mousa, Chau Tien Tay, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Leanne M. Redman, Helena J. Teede Oct 2024

Exercise In The Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Position Statement From Exercise And Sports Science Australia, Angelo Sabag, Rhiannon K. Patten, Alba Moreno-Asso, Giorgia E. Colombo, Xela Dafauce Bouzo, Lisa J. Moran, Cheryce Harrison, Maryam Kazemi, Aya Mousa, Chau Tien Tay, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Leanne M. Redman, Helena J. Teede

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine condition amongst females of reproductive age, leading to lifelong cardiometabolic, reproductive, psychological, and dermatologic symptoms as well as a reduced quality of life. Lifestyle interventions, which can include structured exercise programmes delivered by appropriately trained exercise professionals such as clinical exercise physiologists, are considered first-line strategies in PCOS management due to their therapeutic effects on various health outcomes and quality of life. This position statement builds on the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of PCOS and describes the role of the exercise professional in the context of …

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From Pre-Clinical Efficacy To Promising Clinical Trials That Delay Type 1 Diabetes, J. Jason Collier, Daniel S. Hsia, Susan J. Burke Oct 2024

From Pre-Clinical Efficacy To Promising Clinical Trials That Delay Type 1 Diabetes, J. Jason Collier, Daniel S. Hsia, Susan J. Burke

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Recent advancements in immunology and islet biology have unveiled remarkable prospects for the postponement of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) through the strategic modulation of the immune system. In this Perspective, we discuss the pharmaceutical strides achieved, traversing from pre-clinical validation to the execution of impactful clinical trials. We begin with the initial investigations involving cyclosporine and glucocorticoids in rodent models, such as the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, which guided early clinical trials. We then discuss the pre-clinical studies using suitable mouse models that eventually led to contemporary clinical trials targeting immune cell functionality and cytokine signaling pathways. Collectively, these discoveries …

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Long-Term Effects Of Climate Change On Juvenile Bull Shark Migratory Patterns, Philip Matich, Jeffrey D. Plumlee, Walter Bubley, Tobey H. Curtis, J. Marcus Drymon, Lindsay L. Mullins, Oliver N. Shipley, Thomas C. Tinhan, Mark R. Fisher Oct 2024

Long-Term Effects Of Climate Change On Juvenile Bull Shark Migratory Patterns, Philip Matich, Jeffrey D. Plumlee, Walter Bubley, Tobey H. Curtis, J. Marcus Drymon, Lindsay L. Mullins, Oliver N. Shipley, Thomas C. Tinhan, Mark R. Fisher

Faculty Publications

Seasonal variability in environmental conditions is a strong determinant of animal migrations, but warming temperatures associated with climate change are anticipated to alter this phenomenon with unknown consequences. We used a 40-year fishery-independent survey to assess how a changing climate has altered the migration timing, duration and first-year survival of juvenile bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas). From 1982 to 2021, estuaries in the western Gulf of Mexico (Texas) experienced a mean increase of 1.55°C in autumn water temperatures, and delays in autumn cold fronts by ca. 0.5 days per year. Bull shark migrations in more northern estuaries concomitantly changed, with departures …

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Mercury Concentrations In Seaside Sparrows And Marsh Rice Rats Differ Across The Mississippi River Estuary, Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati, Allyson K. Jackson, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Sydney Moyo, Anna A. Pérez-Umphrey, Michael J. Polito, Allison M. Snider, S. Tyler Williams, Stefan Woltmann, Philip C. Stouffer, Sabrina S. Taylor Oct 2024

Mercury Concentrations In Seaside Sparrows And Marsh Rice Rats Differ Across The Mississippi River Estuary, Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati, Allyson K. Jackson, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Sydney Moyo, Anna A. Pérez-Umphrey, Michael J. Polito, Allison M. Snider, S. Tyler Williams, Stefan Woltmann, Philip C. Stouffer, Sabrina S. Taylor

Faculty Publications

Mercury (Hg) concentrations and their associated toxicological effects in terrestrial ecosystems of the Gulf of Mexico are largely unknown. Compounding this uncertainty, a large input of organic matter from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill may have altered Hg cycling and bioaccumulation dynamics. To test this idea, we quantified blood concentrations of total mercury (THg) in Seaside Sparrows (Ammospiza maritima) and Marsh Rice Rats (Oryzomys palustris) in marshes west and east of the Mississippi River in 2015 and 2016. We also tested for a difference in THg concentrations between oiled and non-oiled sites. To address the potential confounding effect of …

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Why Is Religious Attendance Linked To More Anxiety In U.S. South Asians? The Mediating Role Of Congregational Neglect, Samuel Stroope, Blake Victor Kent, Anna Boonin Schachter, Alka M. Kanaya, Alexandra E. Shields Oct 2024

Why Is Religious Attendance Linked To More Anxiety In U.S. South Asians? The Mediating Role Of Congregational Neglect, Samuel Stroope, Blake Victor Kent, Anna Boonin Schachter, Alka M. Kanaya, Alexandra E. Shields

Faculty Publications

Objectives: Previous research has identified a positive association between religious attendance and anxiety in U.S. South Asians. The current study assesses the mediating role of congregational neglect as a potential mechanism explaining this association. Design: Analyses relied on data from the Study on Stress, Spirituality, and Health (SSSH) questionnaire in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study (n = 936), the largest community-based study of health among U.S. South Asians. Analyses were conducted using path analysis and adjusted for a variety of background characteristics. Results: Results confirmed that higher levels of religious service attendance were …

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Deciphering The Genetic Basis Of Salinity Tolerance In A Diverse Panel Of Cultivated And Wild Soybean Accessions By Genome-Wide Association Mapping, Rajat Pruthi, Chanderkant Chaudhary, Sandeep Chapagain, Mostafa Mohamed Elbasuoni Abozaid, Prabhat Rana, Ravi Kiran Reddy Kondi, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Prasanta K. Subudhi Oct 2024

Deciphering The Genetic Basis Of Salinity Tolerance In A Diverse Panel Of Cultivated And Wild Soybean Accessions By Genome-Wide Association Mapping, Rajat Pruthi, Chanderkant Chaudhary, Sandeep Chapagain, Mostafa Mohamed Elbasuoni Abozaid, Prabhat Rana, Ravi Kiran Reddy Kondi, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Prasanta K. Subudhi

Faculty Publications

Key message : In a genome-wide association study involving 269 cultivated and wild soybean accessions, potential salt tolerance donors were identified along with significant markers and candidate genes, such as GmKUP6 and GmWRKY33. Abstract : Salt stress remains a significant challenge in agricultural systems, notably impacting soybean productivity worldwide. A comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of salt tolerance and identify novel source of salt tolerance among soybean genotypes. A diverse panel comprising 269 wild and cultivated soybean accessions was subjected to saline stress under controlled greenhouse conditions. Phenotypic data revealed that salt tolerance …

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Brain Insulin Signaling Is Associated With Late-Life Cognitive Decline, Han Tong, Ana W. Capuano, Owen T. Carmichael, Kathryn L. Gwizdala, David A. Bennett, Rexford S. Ahima, Steven E. Arnold, Zoe Arvanitakis Oct 2024

Brain Insulin Signaling Is Associated With Late-Life Cognitive Decline, Han Tong, Ana W. Capuano, Owen T. Carmichael, Kathryn L. Gwizdala, David A. Bennett, Rexford S. Ahima, Steven E. Arnold, Zoe Arvanitakis

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Type-2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of dementia, and the underlying mechanism might involve abnormal insulin signaling in the brain. The objective of this study was to examine the association of postmortem brain insulin signaling with late-life cognitive decline. Among participants of Religious Orders Study, a community-based clinical-pathological cohort, 150 deceased and autopsied older individuals (75 with diabetes matched to 75 without by age at death, sex, and education) had postmortem brain insulin signaling measurements collected in the prefrontal cortex using ELISA and immunohistochemistry. By using adjusted linear mixed-effects models, we examined the association of postmortem brain insulin …

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Health Literacy Directed Weight Loss Intervention In Primary Care Clinics, Terry Davis, Connie Arnold, Dachuan Zhang, Corby K. Martin, Robert L. Newton, Candice Myers, Kara D. Denstel, Emily F. Mire, Christoph Höchsmann, John Apolzan, Peter T. Katzmarzyk Oct 2024

Health Literacy Directed Weight Loss Intervention In Primary Care Clinics, Terry Davis, Connie Arnold, Dachuan Zhang, Corby K. Martin, Robert L. Newton, Candice Myers, Kara D. Denstel, Emily F. Mire, Christoph Höchsmann, John Apolzan, Peter T. Katzmarzyk

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Low income and low health literacy are associated with poorer health knowledge, health behaviors and poor health outcomes. The effectiveness of health literacy-directed weight loss treatment interventions in primary care clinics is lacking. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to conduct a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial (PROmoting Successful Weight Loss in Primary CarE in Louisiana ([PROPEL]) to test the effectiveness of a 24-month, patient-centered, literacy-directed obesity treatment program delivered within primary care in an underserved population. This study reports the association between health literacy and program effectiveness, examining potential correlates of weight loss related to patient adherence to the …

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When Old Meets New: Two Louisiana State University Outreach Librarians Build, Work, And Learn Together To Support Collaborative Student Engagement, Alia Kempton, Mitch Fontenot Oct 2024

When Old Meets New: Two Louisiana State University Outreach Librarians Build, Work, And Learn Together To Support Collaborative Student Engagement, Alia Kempton, Mitch Fontenot

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Scintillation Light In Sbnd: Simulation, Reconstruction, And Expected Performance Of The Photon Detection System, C. Zhang, J. Zennamo, B. Zamorano, J. Yu, B. Yu, L. Yates, T. Yang, E. Yandel, S. Yadav, M. Worcester, E. Worcester, T. Wongjirad, P. Wilson, A. Wilkinson, A. White, T. Wester, H. Wei, M. Weber, L. Wan, A. Vázquez-Ramos, R. G. Van De Water, G. A. Valdiviesso, L. Tung, C. Touramanis, M. Toups, D. Totani, A. M. Szelc, T. Strauss, G. V. Stenico, M. Stancari, N. J.C. Spooner, J. Spitz, S. Söldner-Rembold Oct 2024

Scintillation Light In Sbnd: Simulation, Reconstruction, And Expected Performance Of The Photon Detection System, C. Zhang, J. Zennamo, B. Zamorano, J. Yu, B. Yu, L. Yates, T. Yang, E. Yandel, S. Yadav, M. Worcester, E. Worcester, T. Wongjirad, P. Wilson, A. Wilkinson, A. White, T. Wester, H. Wei, M. Weber, L. Wan, A. Vázquez-Ramos, R. G. Van De Water, G. A. Valdiviesso, L. Tung, C. Touramanis, M. Toups, D. Totani, A. M. Szelc, T. Strauss, G. V. Stenico, M. Stancari, N. J.C. Spooner, J. Spitz, S. Söldner-Rembold

Faculty Publications

SBND is the near detector of the Short-Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab. Its location near to the Booster Neutrino Beam source and relatively large mass will allow the study of neutrino interactions on argon with unprecedented statistics. This paper describes the expected performance of the SBND photon detection system, using a simulated sample of beam neutrinos and cosmogenic particles. Its design is a dual readout concept combining a system of 120 photomultiplier tubes, used for triggering, with a system of 192 X-ARAPUCA devices, located behind the anode wire planes. Furthermore, covering the cathode plane with highly-reflective panels coated with a …

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A Quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathway For Embryonic Activation Of The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Of Fishes By Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Leading To Decreased Fecundity At Adulthood, Jon A. Doering, Justin Dubiel, Eric Stock, Cameron H. Collins, Ian Frick, Hunter M. Johnson, Christopher M. Lowrey-Dufour, Justin G.P. Miller, Zhe Xia, Gregg T. Tomy, Steve Wiseman Oct 2024

A Quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathway For Embryonic Activation Of The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Of Fishes By Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Leading To Decreased Fecundity At Adulthood, Jon A. Doering, Justin Dubiel, Eric Stock, Cameron H. Collins, Ian Frick, Hunter M. Johnson, Christopher M. Lowrey-Dufour, Justin G.P. Miller, Zhe Xia, Gregg T. Tomy, Steve Wiseman

Faculty Publications

Quantitative adverse outcome pathways (qAOPs) describe the response–response relationships that link the magnitude and/or duration of chemical interaction with a specific molecular target to the probability and/or severity of the resulting apical-level toxicity of regulatory relevance. The present study developed the first qAOP for latent toxicities showing that early life exposure adversely affects health at adulthood. Specifically, a qAOP for embryonic activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (AHR2) of fishes by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) leading to decreased fecundity of females at adulthood was developed by building on existing qAOPs for (1) activation of the AHR leading to early …

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Insurance Coverage And Flood Exposure In The Gulf Of Mexico: Scale, Social Vulnerability, Urban Form, And Risk Measures, Anissa Hyde, Robert Habans, Mariam Valladares-Castellanos, Thomas Douthat Oct 2024

Insurance Coverage And Flood Exposure In The Gulf Of Mexico: Scale, Social Vulnerability, Urban Form, And Risk Measures, Anissa Hyde, Robert Habans, Mariam Valladares-Castellanos, Thomas Douthat

Faculty Publications

Increasing flood losses in the Gulf of Mexico related to development patterns and climate hazards pose serious threats to resilience and insurability. The purpose of this study is to understand how scale, social vulnerability, risk, and urban form relate to National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) policy coverage and flood exposure. Our multilevel models identify that flooding is significantly clustered by region and counties, especially shoreline counties. Our measures of risk suggest that the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) special flood hazard area (SFHA) underestimates risk and exposure when compared with the Flood Factor and that there is some compensation in …

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Prescribed Fire Regimes Influence Responses Of Fungal And Bacterial Communities On New Litter Substrates In A Brackish Tidal Marsh, Viet Q. Dao, Crystal N. Johnson, William J. Platt Oct 2024

Prescribed Fire Regimes Influence Responses Of Fungal And Bacterial Communities On New Litter Substrates In A Brackish Tidal Marsh, Viet Q. Dao, Crystal N. Johnson, William J. Platt

Faculty Publications

Processes modifying newly deposited litter substrates should affect fine fuels in fire-managed tidal marsh ecosystems. Differences in chemical composition and dynamics of litter should arise from fire histories that generate pyrodiverse plant communities, tropical cyclones that deposit wrack as litter, tidal inundation that introduces and alters sediments and microbes, and interactions among these different processes. The resulting diversity and dynamics of available litter compounds should affect microbial (fungal and bacterial) communities and their roles in litter substrate dynamics and ecosystem responses over time. We experimentally examined effects of differences in litter types produced by different fire regimes and litter loads …

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Bimetallic Catalyst System For The Degradation Of Pcbs In Sediments, Balamurugan Subramanian, Dean Lay, Souhail R. Al-Abed, John L. Mckernan, Slawomir Lomnicki Oct 2024

Bimetallic Catalyst System For The Degradation Of Pcbs In Sediments, Balamurugan Subramanian, Dean Lay, Souhail R. Al-Abed, John L. Mckernan, Slawomir Lomnicki

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we report the successful application of a patent-pending reduced bimetallic nanoparticle catalytic system developed for the remediation of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated sediment and aquatic media. The formation of bimetallic nanoparticles associated with the granular activated carbon (GAC) were confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the presence of the bimetallic matrix in reduced, albeit mixed, states. In the degradation studies, the bimetallic nanoparticles were deposited on a GAC substrate and utilized to treat both a surrogate PCB, 2-Chlorobiphenyl (2-CBP) in water and contaminated bottom-river sediments collected from a site with mixed-congener PCB contamination. The …

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Math Performance In East Baton Rouge Parish Schools: 2023-2024, 5th-8th Grades, H. Colleen Sinclair, Judith L. F. Rhodes, Stacey R. Terrio Oct 2024

Math Performance In East Baton Rouge Parish Schools: 2023-2024, 5th-8th Grades, H. Colleen Sinclair, Judith L. F. Rhodes, Stacey R. Terrio

Reports

This report examines the effects of a digital learning platform and individual students' self-reported motivations on math performance, namely 9-week grades and annual state assessments, among 5th through 8th graders in a large school system in the Louisiana. The findings are based on data collected as part of a research-practitioner partnership funded by the Gates Foundation. The report shows how key motivational factors (e.g., confidence, anxiety), digital learning use, and student characteristics were related to math performance. These results help identify possible avenues for targeted interventions to improve confidence and reduce fears, for example, to help students in their math …

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Analysis Of Crab X-Ray Polarization Using Deeper Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer Observations, Josephine Wong, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Niccoló Bucciantini, Roger W. Romani, Yi Jung Yang, Kuan Liu, Wei Deng, Kazuho Goya, Fei Xie, Maura Pilia, Philip Kaaret, Martin C. Weisskopf, Stefano Silvestri, C. Y. Ng, Chien Ting Chen, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu Oct 2024

Analysis Of Crab X-Ray Polarization Using Deeper Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer Observations, Josephine Wong, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Niccoló Bucciantini, Roger W. Romani, Yi Jung Yang, Kuan Liu, Wei Deng, Kazuho Goya, Fei Xie, Maura Pilia, Philip Kaaret, Martin C. Weisskopf, Stefano Silvestri, C. Y. Ng, Chien Ting Chen, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu

Faculty Publications

We present Crab X-ray polarization measurements using Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) data with a total exposure of 300 ks, three times more than the initial 2022 discovery paper. Polarization is detected in three times more pulsar phase bins, revealing an S-shaped +40° polarization angle sweep in the main pulse and >1σ departures from the OPTIMA optical polarization in both pulses, suggesting different radiation mechanisms or sites for the polarized emission at the two wavebands. Our polarization map of the inner nebula reveals a toroidal magnetic field, as seen in prior IXPE analyses. Along the southern jet, the magnetic field …

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Coupling And Recoupling Coefficients For Wigner’S U(4) Supermultiplet Symmetry, Phong Dang, Jerry P. Draayer, Feng Pan, Tomáš Dytrych, Daniel Langr, David Kekejian, Kevin S. Becker, Noah Thompson Oct 2024

Coupling And Recoupling Coefficients For Wigner’S U(4) Supermultiplet Symmetry, Phong Dang, Jerry P. Draayer, Feng Pan, Tomáš Dytrych, Daniel Langr, David Kekejian, Kevin S. Becker, Noah Thompson

Faculty Publications

A novel procedure for evaluating Wigner coupling coefficients and Racah recoupling coefficients for U(4) in two group–subgroup chains is presented. The canonical U(4)⊃U(3)⊃U(2)⊃U(1) coupling and recoupling coefficients are applicable to any system that possesses U(4) symmetry, while the physical U(4)⊃SUS(2)⊗SUT(2) coupling coefficients are more specific to nuclear structure studies that utilize Wigner’s supermultiplet symmetry concept. The procedure that is proposed sidesteps the use of binomial coefficients and alternating sum series and consequently enables fast and accurate computation of any and all U(4)-underpinned features. The inner multiplicity of a (S, T) pair within a single U(4) irreducible representation is obtained from …

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X-Ray And Multiwavelength Polarization Of Mrk 501 From 2022 To 2023, Chien Ting J. Chen, Ioannis Liodakis, Riccardo Middei, Dawoon E. Kim, Laura Di Gesu, Alessandro Di Marco, Steven R. Ehlert, Manel Errando, Michela Negro, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Alan P. Marscher, Kinwah Wu, Iván Agudo, Juri Poutanen, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Pouya M. Kouch, Elina Lindfors, George A. Borman, Tatiana S. Grishina, Evgenia N. Kopatskaya, Elena G. Larionova, Daria A. Morozova, Sergey S. Savchenko, Ivan S. Troitsky, Yulia V. Troitskaya, Andrey A. Vasilyev, Alexey V. Zhovtan, Francisco José Aceituno, Giacomo Bonnoli, Víctor Casanova, Juan Escudero, Beatriz Agís-González, César Husillos Oct 2024

X-Ray And Multiwavelength Polarization Of Mrk 501 From 2022 To 2023, Chien Ting J. Chen, Ioannis Liodakis, Riccardo Middei, Dawoon E. Kim, Laura Di Gesu, Alessandro Di Marco, Steven R. Ehlert, Manel Errando, Michela Negro, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Alan P. Marscher, Kinwah Wu, Iván Agudo, Juri Poutanen, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Pouya M. Kouch, Elina Lindfors, George A. Borman, Tatiana S. Grishina, Evgenia N. Kopatskaya, Elena G. Larionova, Daria A. Morozova, Sergey S. Savchenko, Ivan S. Troitsky, Yulia V. Troitskaya, Andrey A. Vasilyev, Alexey V. Zhovtan, Francisco José Aceituno, Giacomo Bonnoli, Víctor Casanova, Juan Escudero, Beatriz Agís-González, César Husillos

Faculty Publications

We present multiwavelength polarization measurements of the luminous blazar Mrk 501 over a 14 month period. The 2-8 keV X-ray polarization was measured with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) with six 100 ks observations spanning from 2022 March to 2023 April. Each IXPE observation was accompanied by simultaneous X-ray data from NuSTAR, Swift/XRT, and/or XMM-Newton. Complementary optical-infrared polarization measurements were also available in the B, V, R, I, and J bands, as were radio polarization measurements from 4.85 GHz to 225.5 GHz. Among the first five IXPE observations, we did not find significant variability in the X-ray polarization degree …

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Phylogenomics And Biogeography Of Sawflies And Woodwasps (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), Saskia Wutke, Stephan M. Blank, Jean Luc Boevé, Brant C. Faircloth, Frank Koch, Catherine R. Linnen, Tobias Malm, Gengyun Niu, Marko Prous, Nathan M. Schiff, Stefan Schmidt, Andreas Taeger, Lars Vilhelmsen, Niklas Wahlberg, Meicai Wei, Tommi Nyman Oct 2024

Phylogenomics And Biogeography Of Sawflies And Woodwasps (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), Saskia Wutke, Stephan M. Blank, Jean Luc Boevé, Brant C. Faircloth, Frank Koch, Catherine R. Linnen, Tobias Malm, Gengyun Niu, Marko Prous, Nathan M. Schiff, Stefan Schmidt, Andreas Taeger, Lars Vilhelmsen, Niklas Wahlberg, Meicai Wei, Tommi Nyman

Faculty Publications

Phylogenomic approaches have recently helped elucidate various insect relationships, but large-scale comprehensive analyses on relationships within sawflies and woodwasps are still lacking. Here, we infer the relationships and long-term biogeographic history of these hymenopteran groups using a large dataset of 354 UCE loci collected from 385 species that represent all major lineages. Early Hymenoptera started diversifying during the Early Triassic ∼249 Ma and spread all over the ancient supercontinent Pangaea. We recovered Xyeloidea as a monophyletic sister group to other Hymenoptera and Pamphilioidea as sister to Unicalcarida. Within the diverse family Tenthredinidae, our taxonomically and geographically expanded taxon sampling highlights …

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Regulation Of Bacterial Virulence Genes By Pecs Family Transcription Factors, George C. Nwokocha, Arpita Ghosh, Anne Grove Oct 2024

Regulation Of Bacterial Virulence Genes By Pecs Family Transcription Factors, George C. Nwokocha, Arpita Ghosh, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

Bacterial plant pathogens adjust their gene expression programs in response to environmental signals and host-derived compounds. This ensures that virulence genes or genes encoding proteins, which promote bacterial fitness in a host environment, are expressed only when needed. Such regulation is in the purview of transcription factors, many of which belong to the ubiquitous multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR) protein family. PecS proteins constitute a subset of this large protein family. PecS has likely been distributed by horizontal gene transfer, along with the divergently encoded efflux pump PecM, suggesting its integration into existing gene regulatory networks. Here, we discuss the …

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Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Differences In The Responses Of Diploid And Triploid Eastern Oysters To Environmental Stress, Rujuta V Vaidya, Sarah Bodenstein, Dildorakhon Rasulova, Jerome F La Peyre, Morgan W Kelly Oct 2024

Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Differences In The Responses Of Diploid And Triploid Eastern Oysters To Environmental Stress, Rujuta V Vaidya, Sarah Bodenstein, Dildorakhon Rasulova, Jerome F La Peyre, Morgan W Kelly

Faculty Publications

Triploid oysters are commonly used as the basis for production in the aquaculture of eastern oysters along the USA East and Gulf of Mexico coasts. While they are valued for their rapid growth, incidents of triploid mortality during summer months have been well documented in eastern oysters, especially at low salinity sites. We compared global transcriptomic responses of diploid and triploid oysters bred from the same three maternal source populations at two different hatcheries and outplanted to a high (annual mean salinity = 19.4 ± 6.7) and low (annual mean salinity = 9.3 ± 5.0) salinity site. Oysters were sampled …

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Macroevolution Of The Plant–Hummingbird Pollination System, Elisa Barreto, Mannfred M.A. Boehm, Ezgi Ogutcen, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Michael Kessler, Jordi Bascompte, Agnes S. Dellinger, Carolina Bello, D. Matthias Dehling, François Duchenne, Miriam Kaehler, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Lúcia G. Lohmann, María A. Maglianesi, Hélène Morlon, Nathan Muchhala, Juan Francisco Ornelas, Mathieu Perret, Nelson R. Salinas, Stacey D. Smith, Jana C. Vamosi, Isabela G. Varassin, Catherine H. Graham Oct 2024

Macroevolution Of The Plant–Hummingbird Pollination System, Elisa Barreto, Mannfred M.A. Boehm, Ezgi Ogutcen, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Michael Kessler, Jordi Bascompte, Agnes S. Dellinger, Carolina Bello, D. Matthias Dehling, François Duchenne, Miriam Kaehler, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Lúcia G. Lohmann, María A. Maglianesi, Hélène Morlon, Nathan Muchhala, Juan Francisco Ornelas, Mathieu Perret, Nelson R. Salinas, Stacey D. Smith, Jana C. Vamosi, Isabela G. Varassin, Catherine H. Graham

Faculty Publications

Plant–hummingbird interactions are considered a classic example of coevolution, a process in which mutually dependent species influence each other's evolution. Plants depend on hummingbirds for pollination, whereas hummingbirds rely on nectar for food. As a step towards understanding coevolution, this review focuses on the macroevolutionary consequences of plant–hummingbird interactions, a relatively underexplored area in the current literature. We synthesize prior studies, illustrating the origins and dynamics of hummingbird pollination across different angiosperm clades previously pollinated by insects (mostly bees), bats, and passerine birds. In some cases, the crown age of hummingbirds pre-dates the plants they pollinate. In other cases, plant …

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