Digital Commons Network^™

Parental Perceptions Of Teaching Competence Of Children With And Without Charge Syndrome, Melanie Perreault, Pamela Beach, Lauren Lieberman

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction: Children with CHARGE syndrome (CS) develop fundamental motor skills more slowly than peers without disabilities (Perreault et al., 2021). Structural constraints are a primary factor, but parental influence also plays an important role. Research suggests a positive relationship between parents' perceptions of their child’s motor competence, the frequency of practicing motor skills with their child, and their child’s actual motor competence (Haibach-Beach et al., 2021). However, a study on a home-based motor skill intervention found that parents were less likely to teach motor skills they felt less confident in, emphasizing the need to understand parents' confidence in teaching motor …

Alignment Of Disability Simulations With Intended Learning Outcomes For Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers, Amelia C. Simpson, Samantha Ross-Cypcar, Abby Fines, Xiaoxia Zhang

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction This study continued previous research that defined disability simulations in undergraduate Introduction to Adapted Physical Education (APE) courses (Ross et al., 2023). This step investigated intended learning outcomes (ILOs) associated with APE instructors’ use of disability simulations, including why they used it and what they intended students to learn.

Methodology Six U.S. APE instructors completed surveys and semi-structured interviews describing the educational purposes and benefits of disability simulations. Using a Collaborative Qualitative Approach (Richard & Hemphill, 2018), key verbs were extracted from interviews and ILOs were drafted for each disability simulation type: Accessibility, Sports, Teaching, Activities of Daily Living, …

Class-Wide Peer Tutoring: Insights From The Same Class-Context Through Perspectives Of Pre-Service Teachers, Typically Developing Students, Students With Down Syndrome, An Van De Putte, Matthieu Lenoir, Hilde Van Keer, Geert Van Hove, Elisabeth De Schauwer

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction

This research is in line with Haegele and Sutherland (2015), who argue for research on similarities and differences in the perspectives of pre-service physical education (PE) teachers, typical developing (TD) students and students with Down syndrome (DS) on class-wide peer tutoring (CWPT) in the same classroom context.

Method

In this combined study, five inexperienced pre-service PE teachers taught 202 students aged 10 to 12 years old from five primary schools in Belgium. Participants were 5 pre-service teachers, 20 students without disabilities, 5 peer tutors for students with DS and 5 students with DS.

Data were collected through focus groups, …

Demographic Factors Influencing Parental Support For Physical Activity In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder In Saudi Arabia, Majed M. Alhumaid, Tânia Bastos

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

No abstract provided.

Effects Of A Structured Exercise Intervention Incorporating Behavioral Interventions On Children With Adhd: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, Meiyuan Chen, Xiaozan Wang, Guifeng Xu, Fang Liu

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction

Recently, exercise has become an important adjunctive intervention for children with ADHD, but the structured exercise intervention integrating behavioral interventions (SEIIBI) is still scarce. The aim of the study is to design a SEIIBI modle and to validate the effect, so as to provide more improvement paths for ADHD and creating new opportunities to thrive.

Methodology

35 children with ADHD were recruited (n _{experimental group} =20，n _{control group} =15). The experiment was conducted from March to July 2023, with three weekly interventions of 60 minutes each. The effect was assessed by the Swanson, Nolan, …

Enhancing Physical Activity Participation For Students With Visual Impairments Through Smart Sport Assistance Systems, Philipp Kornfeind, Arnold Baca

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction
Children and adolescents with visual impairments face barriers in physical education (PE), leading to frustration, exclusion, and reduced long-term participation (Haegele et al., 2019). The "Smart Sport Assistance" project tackled these challenges by developing assistive systems to enhance inclusion and active participation by providing intelligent auditory, haptic and visual feedback (cf. Baca, 2025) during physical activities on where people or sports equipment are located.

Methodology
The project adopted an Open Innovation approach, incorporating user-centric design principles. Students with and without visual impairments were involved throughout the process to identify barriers, co-develop solutions, and test prototypes. Multi-disciplinary teams including technical …

Exploring Grappling Sports Participation Among Visually Impaired Athletes: A Qualitative Study, Jaepyo Sim, T N Kirk

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Exploring Grappling Sports Participation among Visually Impaired Athletes: A Qualitative Study

Jaepyo Sim¹ & T N Kirk¹

¹University of Georgia

Introduction

Visually impaired people face barriers to participation in mainstream sports, such as reliance on visual tracking. Grappling sports (e.g., Brazilian jiu jitsu, judo, wrestling), which involve consistent physical contact with an opponent, offer a more accessible alternative. This study aimed to explore the expectancy-value beliefs and lived experiences of visually impaired adults participating in grappling sports.

Methodology

This qualitative descriptive study utilized semi-structured interviews with nine visually impaired athletes actively engaged in grappling sports. Grounded in …

Feasibility And Usability Testing Of ‘Movemuse’, An Ai Chatbot To Deliver A Brief Physical Activity Intervention For Autistic College Students, Gary Rodgers, Mary Rose Sweeney, Anthony Staines, Debbie Van Biesen, Natalia Morgulec-Adamowicz, Anna Ogonowska-Słodownik, Sean Healy

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction: Autistic people, including the growing population of autistic college students, have reported low levels of physical activity. (Thompson et al., 2023; McLeod et al., 2021) This is despite physical activity bestowing significant benefits to autistic people, as reflected in physical activity being deemed an evidence-based practice for this population. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the ‘MoveMuse’, an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot co-designed with autistic college students to provide a highly individualised and scalable brief physical activity intervention.

Method: Autistic college students aged 18 or older, attending Irish, Polish and Belgian Universities participated in the …

Inclusion Of Students With Intellectual Disabilities In Mainstream Pe, Pa, And Sports, Amanda Farrugia, Andrew Soundy

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction

Despite the recognition of inclusive education as a fundamental human right, students with ID encounter significant challenges limiting their participation. This study explores the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities (ID) in physical education (PE), physical activity (PA), and sports within mainstream settings in Malta, focusing on the barriers they face. Aligned with SDG 4 on Quality Education, the research examines these barriers and their broader implications.

Methodology

A Community-Based Qualitative Research (CBQR) approach was employed, guided by a pragmatic worldview. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 18 students with ID aged 12 to 16 years and their guardians, …

Physical Education Teaching Program According The Universal Design For Learning Principles: Accessibility For Students With Disabilities, Mey Van Munster, Aline Basso-Braz

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction Based on assumptions of neuroscience and educational accessibility, Universal Design for Learning (UDL) correlates different neural networks with multiple means for learning. Although this approach has been gaining prominence, there is still little evidence resulting from studies applied to the field of Physical Education (PE). This study aims to analyze whether a PE teaching program based on the principles of UDL can meet the needs of a diverse group of students.

Methodology A qualitative field research of “program evaluation study” type was conducted. The intervention lasted two months within two classes of second grade (24 sessions in each) in …

Physical Educators’ Self-Efficacy To Teach Students With Disabilities Across Instructional Placements, Lindsey Nowland, Justin Haegele

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in PE teachers’ self-efficacy to teach students with disabilities across integrated and self-contained classes, as well as the association between efficacy-relevant information and PE teachers’ beliefs in their capabilities to teach across each placement.

Method: A total of 170 (105 females; 64 males; one undisclosed) in-service PE teachers in the US completed the Self-Efficacy to Teach Students with Disabilities Across Instructional Placements for Physical Education Scale (SETSD-IPPE) as well as a demographic questionnaire. Differences in self-efficacy between placements were tested using analyses of covariance, and associations between variables were …

Quality Of Participation In Sports Programs Of Special Olympics Korea, Soomin Lee, Jooyeon Jin

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Disability Education Among College Students' Attitudes And Perceptions Of People With Disabilities In Society, Allison J. Jackson, Mallory Marshall

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction

Disability education (DE) in higher education promotes social inclusion and challenges stereotypes about people with disabilities (PWD). This study aimed to explore how exposure to DE influences college students' attitudes and perceptions toward PWD.

Methodology

131 Undergraduate kinesiology students completed the Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons (ATDP), Attitudes and Perceptions toward Persons with Disabilities (APPD), and the Multidimensional Attitude Scale Toward Persons with Disabilities (MAS) via Qualtrics. Respondents were categorized into three groups: 1- no exposure (n=97), 2 – at least one course (n=28), 3 – two or more courses (n=8). Multivariate ANOVA was used to analyze differences in attitudes …

Influence Of Physical Educator’S Teaching Competency On Physical Activity Levels Of Adolescents With/Without A Developmental Disability In Physical Education Settings, Young Rok Oh, Jooyeon Jin

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

No abstract provided.

Unhearing And Unheard: Emancipating The Voices Of Individuals With Hearing Impairments Toward Equity In Opportunities For Sport Participation, Roi Charles Pineda, Silke De Waelle

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction As the organization at the forefront of advancing sports opportunities for people with disability in Flanders, G-sport Vlaanderen develops policies and programs that provide supports and dismantle barriers to sports participation. Central to its success is an accurate understanding of the current levels of sports participation among individuals with disabilities and factors influencing their participation (e.g., motivations and barriers). While the disability sports survey in 2018 and 2024 provided valuable insights to patterns of sports participation in Flanders, individuals with hearing impairments were underrepresented despite efforts to increase their engagement in the survey. The lack of reliable data on …

Universal Design For Learning To Applied To Physical Education, Carla Lourenço, Omar Ben Rakaa

International Symposium of Adapted Physical Activity and International Symposium on Physical Activity and Visual Impairment and Deafblindness

Introduction The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) presents itself as a new approach to assist the diversity that exists in educational contexts, with the objectives of inclusion, equity, flexibility and accessibility, allowing the use of various methodologies and teaching/learning and assessment tools, diversified, allowing the student success (Fauzi, 2024). In Physical Education there is a need to develop and present research within the scope of the application of UDL, bringing new contributions to the development of scientifically based knowledge and practice so that PE teachers can make scientifically supported decisions (Heagele, 2024). Methodology A search was carried out in several …

Fair Or Unfair? Customer Reactions To Restaurant Pricing And Disclosure, Hyun-Woo (David) Joung, Hayeon (Hailey) Choi, Eun-Kyong (Cindy) Choi

ICHRIE Research Reports

Amid rising inflation and operating cost pressure, this study investigates how restaurant pricing strategies—a 5% surcharge versus a 5% menu price increase—and prior disclosure affect customers' perceptions of price fairness and transparency. Utilizing a 2 (pricing strategy: surcharge vs. price increase) × 2 (disclosure: presence vs. absence) experimental design, 193 responses were collected via a scenario-based survey. Results revealed that customers perceive a 5% price increase as significantly fairer and more transparent than a surcharge. While prior disclosure signage did not significantly influence perceptions of fairness, it marginally improved transparency, especially with the surcharge strategy. These findings suggest that restaurants …

The Common Law And Sec Rule 10b-5(B): Narrowing The Securities "Fraud" Exception To The First Amendment, Matthew Lambertson

Florida Law Review

Courts have read Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and regulations promulgated thereunder as requiring less than every element of common law fraud. In particular, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 10b-5(b), which prohibits merely false or misleading statements about securities, often proscribes and deters speech that does not constitute common law fraud. Namely, in prosecuting a Rule 10b-5(b) claim, the SEC currently does not need to prove reliance, causation, and harm—three essential elements of common law fraud. Though the First Amendment generally protects false speech, it does not shield fraud. Upon adopting the First Amendment, …

Troubled Waters: Equitable Apportionment And The Future Of Interstate Groundwater Wars, Julia C. Kitt

Florida Law Review

Although water is the most abundant natural resource on the planet, fresh and potable water is limited. Surface water has long supported human development. However, technological improvements in the mid-twentieth century facilitated and ultimately encouraged states to look below the surface to groundwater. The extraction of groundwater from aquifers at tremendous rates has since transformed the once little-understood resource into one that states depend on to meet the needs of their citizens. Unlike surface water, however, groundwater has historically faced exclusion from regulatory regimes. Groundwater is simple to extract and often sourced near its point of use, making it easy …

Compelled Speech, Speaker Preception, And Plausibility, David S. Han

Florida Law Review

In Masterpiece Cakeshop Ltd. v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, a baker raised a compelled speech claim when his bakery was sanctioned by the Colorado Civil Rights Commission for refusing to make a customized cake for a same-sex wedding. This argument raised a number of difficult questions regarding the existence, attribution, and interpretation of speech that the Supreme Court ultimately left unanswered. Is making a customized cake protected “speech” for First Amendment purposes? When a baker makes a customized cake for a wedding, what exactly does that cake communicate (if anything)? And to whom should any message expressed by the …

Katz'S Imperfect Circle: An Empirical Study Of Reasonable Expectations Of Privacy, Tonja Jacobi, Christopher Brett Jaeger

Florida Law Review

Under Katz v. United States, the Fourth Amendment restricts government actions that infringe upon expectations of privacy that society recognizes as reasonable. This foundational test has long been criticized as circular, both because courts can shape the very expectations they seek to identify through their decisions and because governments can manipulate those expectations to expand the reach of their own power. But how do members of society decide what expectations are reasonable, and how do judges ascertain those expectations? And are expectations of privacy malleable even without deliberate manipulation?

This Article shows that the circularity critique is both understated …

Tribal Courts Are Courts Of General Jurisdiction, Grant Christensen

Florida Law Review

Twenty years ago, the Supreme Court misread its precedents and took a shortcut to do what was “simpler” instead of what was right. It determined, without examining the origins of tribal judicial power, that tribal courts are not courts of general jurisdiction. Writing for the majority in Nevada v. Hicks, Justice Antonin Scalia concluded that in order to find that tribal courts were able to interpret federal law, the Court would have to “attribute to tribal courts jurisdiction that is not apparent.” But power often exists even if it is not apparent at first glance. Unwilling to do even …

The Originalist Case Against The Insular Cases, Michael D. Ramsey

Florida Law Review

Concurring in United States v. Vaello Madero, Justice Neil Gorsuch argued that the Insular Cases are contrary to the Constitution’s original meaning and should be overruled. The Supreme Court’s decisions in the Insular Cases, which created a second-class constitutional status for U.S. overseas territories, have also been criticized by leading originalist scholars such as Professors Gary Lawson and Michael Paulsen. However, there is no fully developed scholarly assessment of the Insular Cases from an originalist perspective; their inconsistency with an originalist approach is more assumed than proven. This Article fills that gap. Using the methodology of original public …

The Big Cost Of Small Farms, Tammi S. Etheridge

Florida Law Review

Americans love meat. We celebrate our independence with steaks on the grill, we enjoy our favorite pastime with hot dogs, and we give thanks with turkey. Our love of meat is so ingrained in our culture that, historically, small increases in meat prices have driven the populace to riot. Today, meat prices are rising. Simultaneously, the largest meat processors and packagers are seeing record profits. Consumers, in turn, are outraged. Their emotions are being fueled by politicians who blame rising profits on a pandemic of greed and collusion and then argue that rigid antitrust enforcement is the only solution.

This …

The Future Of Antitrust Populism, Herbert Hovenkamp

Florida Law Review

During the Biden Administration a form of populism staked a claim in American antitrust policy. While it never had much impact on Congress or the federal judiciary, it had a powerful presence in the antitrust enforcement agencies. This populist antimonopoly movement provided few new ideas, however. Rather, it recycled policies from a half-century or more ago. These include moving merger policy back to the 1960s, resurrecting the often-rejected idea that antitrust should be concerned about “bigness” rather than high prices, reviving the Robinson-Patman Act of the 1930s–1970s, reinstating aggressive per se rules against vertical restraints that were applied in the …

The Chilling Effects Of Dobbs, Jonathon W. Penney, Danielle Keats Citron, Alexis Shore Ingber

Florida Law Review

The Supreme Court’s evisceration of the federal constitutional right to abortion has raised the specter of criminal and civil liability for abortion providers and patients. Police and prosecutors have easy access to commercial reservoirs of intimate data. As individual accounts made clear in the wake of the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision, corporate surveillance of intimate life chilled expressive activities, such as searching for information about reproductive health and using period tracking apps. Health professionals did not feel safe to speak out about the impact of new abortion laws. Harassment and threats directed at abortion clinics and at …

Phosphatase-Substrate Prediction Using Heterogeneous Knowledge Graph, Jannatul Ferdaus, Marzieh Ayati, Hansapani Rodrigo

Research Symposium

Background: Phosphatase-substrate interactions may serve as biomarkers for diseases, offering crucial insights to support early diagnosis. Analyzing these substrate-specific interactions is also crucial in recommending different drugs. In our research, we constructed a knowledge graph that provides a comprehensive network representation, capturing diverse relationships among biological entities relevant to phosphatases.

Methods: Our knowledge graph represents 5 unique nodes- kinase, phosphatase, substrate, drug, and disease. The connections between the nodes are obtained from DrugMap (drug and their target proteins; disease and their associated proteins), STRING protein-protein interaction, DEPOD 2019 (phosphatase and their substrate), PhosphoSitePLUS (kinases and their substrate), and UniProt. As …

Unmasking Myocardial Bridging: Multimodal Imaging And Tailored Medical Approach In Exercise-Induced Angina – A Case Report, M.A. Amico, M. Casini, E.N. Costanzo, M. Moroni, N. Carrabba

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary anomaly in which a segment of a coronary artery runs intramyocardially. We present the case of a 38-year-old male with myocardial bridging in the mid-left anterior descending artery who developed exerciseinduced angina. This case underscores the importance of recognizing MB as a cause of ischemia that should not be overlooked in the diagnostic workup of patients with angina, especially in younger individuals. A comprehensive diagnostic approach, including multimodality imaging, is essential to uncover the pathology. A tailored pharmacological strategy is recommended. Long-term clinical follow-up is crucial for optimizing symptom management and reducing complications.

Assessment Of The Relationship Between Serum Vitamin D Levels And Its Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Study, Reza Madadi, Sina Bakhshaei, Arian Tavasol, Mahmood Gorjizad, Rouhollah Hemmati, Masood Zangi

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Introduction: Cardiovascular events are the most common cause of mortality worldwide. Various studies have shown the relationship between serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels and cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study is to investigate the meta-analysis of the relationship between serum 25(OH) D levels and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including stroke, coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and aortic disease in the population. Method: Using valid keywords and searching the Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, and web of sciences databases, 22 papers were compiled. Data analysis was performed in the group of people with low serum 25(OH)D …

Extending Instruction Set Architecture To Include Indirect Branch Hints, Na

Defensive Publications Series

To fetch and execute instructions ahead of time, processors try to predict the outcome of conditional branch instructions before they actually execute. A correct prediction allows a pre-computed result to be used instead of waiting to execute the instruction, thereby speeding up program execution. With indirect branches, the target is unknown until runtime, making prediction much harder. This disclosure describes techniques to improve the outcome of processor speculation by extending the instruction set architecture (ISA) to include a hint instruction that indicates the most likely address of the next indirect jump. The hardware may use the information provided in the …