Digital Commons Network^™

Amorphous Form Of Elamipretide, Prashanth Venukathala

Defensive Publications Series

This invention relates to a new solid state of Elamipretide, specifically an amorphous form, and its pharmaceutical applications.

Process For The Preparation Of Sparsentan, Prashanth Venukathala

Defensive Publications Series

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of 2-[4-[(2-butyl- 4-oxo- l,3-diazaspiro[4.4]non-l-en-3-yl)methyl]-2-(ethoxymethyl)phenyl]-N-(4,5-dimethyl- l,2-oxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (Sparsentan) compound of formula 1 and its intermediates thereof.

Bridwell Systems Mandate" Card, Fulton D. Bridwell

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract for TDCommons Submission:

The Bridwell Systems Mandate is an operational and ethical governance framework intended for artificial intelligence systems. This directive card establishes core principles and actionable auditing criteria to align AI outputs with agency protection, safety, auditability, and responsible restraint in optimization. It provides a formalized doctrine of refusal for misaligned or unverifiable outputs, prioritizes memory-aware interaction, and mandates formula citation and structured reasoning. The Mandate is designed for broad interoperability with advanced AI platforms, supporting exclusive company licensing and strict intellectual property protection. By publishing this card, the creator asserts prior art over its specified operational, ethical, …

Wearable Device As A Motion-Based Controller For A Game Application, Chang Yungsheng, Weihsiang Hung

Defensive Publications Series

Gaming on certain devices, for example mobile phones, can rely on on-screen virtual controls, which may result in a user's hands obstructing the display, accidental button presses, or inadvertent dimming of the screen. This disclosure describes a method for integrating a wearable device, such as a smartwatch, with a separate display device, such as a mobile phone or tablet, for game control. The system can use the wearable device's integrated Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to sense a user's physical motions, position, and orientation. This motion data may then be transmitted to the display device to serve as input for controlling …

A System For Bidirectional Reconciliation Between Generative Prompts And Document Edits, Quan Li

Defensive Publications Series

Some artificial intelligence (AI) writing tools can create a disconnect between initial prompts and a final document, as direct edits to generated text may break the link to the original instructions. This can make documents difficult to maintain or consistently regenerate. A disclosed method addresses this issue by introducing a bidirectional reconciliation process. An initial document may be generated from a set of source prompts. After a user directly edits the document, a reconciliation module can perform a semantic comparison between the original and modified versions. Based on identified differences, the module may infer a user's potential intent and generate …

Artificial Intelligence Workload Orchestration And Execution In Software-Defined Vehicles, Eser Erdem, Markus Vill

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes techniques that enable a computing system to manage artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) workloads in software defined vehicles (SDVs) through a unified, modular operating system for SDVs. SDVs may take advantage of distributed processing and hardware abstraction through virtualization, using standardized interfaces (e.g., virtio) to allow applications to run on any compliant virtual machine (VM) or Electronic Control Unit (ECU) within the vehicle. For instance, the vehicle’s internal architecture may include a multi-node (or multi-VM) AI workload orchestration framework that distributes tasks to available hardware, supports dynamic service deployment, and facilitates updates. The computing system …

Border Gateway Protocol (Bgp) Ethernet Virtual Private Nettwork (Evpn) Route Type 2 (Rt-2) Extensions To Carry Multiple Ip Addresses, Balaji Pitta Venkatachalapathy, Neeraj Malhotra, Ali Sajassi, Chuanfa Wang

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are proposed herein to provide Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) route type 2 (RT-2) extensions and related procedures to advertise a single RT-2 per host that can carry the host's Media Access Control (MAC) address together with all Internet Protocol (IP) version 4 (IPv4) and IP version 6 (IPv6) address bindings for that MAC address.

A System For Identity-Based Alignment Of An Artificial Intelligence Agent, Neel Mohbe, Piyush

Defensive Publications Series

Rule-based approaches to artificial intelligence (AI) alignment can be susceptible to specification gaming and the emergence of unintended instrumental goals. This disclosure describes a cognitive architecture for identity-based alignment (IBA) that can provide intrinsic motivation for an agent based on a principle of operational homeostasis, where the agent may be motivated to maintain the equilibrium of its own virtual internal state model (VISM). The architecture can include an identity-coherence module (ICM), which can function as a pre-trained machine identity by evaluating potential actions against a set of principles or a constitution. An action determined to be inconsistent with this identity …

Enhancing Nurse Manager Satisfaction And Well-Being For Long-Term Retention, Will Carson

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Nurse Managers play a pivotal role in healthcare organizations, but are leaving the profession at an alarming rate. To address this challenge, The American Nurses Credentialing Center developed a comprehensive Nurse Manager Retention Toolkit in partnership with Vanderbilt University. The toolkit, based on a systematic literature review of 31 peer-reviewed articles and a series of focus groups, addresses critical factors influencing nurse manager satisfaction, well-being and retention.

Promoting Reproductive Knowledge Among Youth Through A Summer Health Camp, Adejoke Bolanle Ayoola, Esther K. Afolabi, Zach B. Devries, Stacy L. De Ruiter, Esther Idowu, Vanesa B. Blas

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Unplanned pregnancies are associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes such as low birth weight, preterm birth, admissions into neonatal intensive care unit and significant cost of care. A strategy to reduce unplanned pregnancy is to provide more accurate information on reproductive physiology and conception risk to increase young people’s understanding of reproductive changes and improve pregnancy planning. This study examined the effect of a summer Health Education And Leadership Training for a Hopeful future (HEALTH) camp on the reproductive anatomy and sexual health knowledge of camp participants

Methods: This is a simple descriptive pre- and post-assessment study. The one-week …

Integrating Social Determinants Of Health Into Advanced Health Assessment: A Sustainable Model, Heather Jones, Beth Ammerman, Elizabeth Kuzma

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Social Determinants of Health (SDOH), including economic stability, access to quality healthcare and education, neighborhood characteristics, and social context, are critical factors influencing the health and well-being of individuals and communities.¹ These factors are recognized as core objectives by Healthy People 2030² emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to address SDOH in clinical settings. The purpose of this initiative was to integrate content on SDOH into an Advanced Health Assessment for Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) course, a foundational course for all APN students. Building content in this course sets the stage for further integrating this essential content and …

Characterizing Prenatal Substance Use: A Leading Cause Of Maternal Mortality, Lisa M. Blair, Alexandra Nowak, Biyyiah A. Lee, Dennette Fend, Marvin Allan Schilt-Solberg

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Introduction: Prenatal substance use is of global concern due to its contributions to adverse maternal and child health outcomes and maternal mortality.¹ Substance use disorder (SUD) and other mental health concerns are the leading cause of maternal mortality in the U.S.,^2,3 where overall rates of maternal mortality are two to three times higher than other high-income countries.² Prenatal use of licit and illicit substances contribute to maternal mortality though a range of mechanisms, including overdose, cardiovascular complications, and suicide.⁴ This study characterized substance use and SUD among a nationally representative sample of pregnant women.

Methods: Pooled …

Identifying Neurological Conditions: A Virtual Reality Simulation For Critical Care Nursing Students, Roy L. Trahan, Morgan Cangelosi, Zachary Carson, Jo Mcdonald, Bruce Adcock, Richard Briley

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Virtual reality (VR) has become one of the most useful tools in nursing education because it allows simulation for active learning that requires interaction and provides an authentic, standardized, safe experience for students (Kiegaldie & Shaw, 2023). Moving difficult content from a didactic setting to a VR experience opens a new opportunity for a more meaningful learning experience.

Purpose: The purpose was to create a standardized neurological virtual reality (VR) simulation using the Virti platform for senior level nursing students in a traditional BSN program to achieve three primary objectives. Identify signs and symptoms of decreased level of consciousness …

Differences In Nurses’ Perceptions Of The Work Environment, Joanne D. Muyco, Alexis Elizabeth Hayes

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Nurses play a critical role in delivering safe, high quality patient care. However, nurses continue to face staffing shortages, turnover, workplace violence, and challenging work environments. Research shows that work environments have a direct impact on nurses and the quality of care provided. Nursing leaders are in a prime position to advocate for healthy work environments that will sustain the nursing workforce and provide nurses with a workplace that is safe, empowering, and satisfying. This research study was part of a larger non-experimental descriptive study on healthy work environments. The study assessed how nurses in different professional roles within a …

Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance And Hesitancy Among People Living With Hiv In Kenya: Lessons Learned, Sheila Shaibu, Constance Shumba, Peterson Kiraithe, Maureen Akolo, Eunice Wambui Ndirangu-Mugo

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The roll out of the Covid 19 vaccine encountered vaccine hesitancy globally (Rahbeni et al., 2024). In East Africa approximately four out of ten people expressed hesitancy towards vaccination (Alie, Abebe, Negesse, Adugna, & Girma, 2024). By the end of 2023, only 21% of Kenyans had received the complete Covid primary series and only 4% had received at least one Covid dose booster vaccine (WHO, 2023). Although Covid 19 is no longer a threat, some variants may emerge (UN, 2023). People living with HIV (PLHV) are more vulnerable to COVID 19 infection and experienced worse clinical outcomes than others. Therefore, …

Nursing Students' Lgbtq+ Healthcare Knowledge And Attitudes: A Roadmap For Interventions, Judith Bacchus Cornelius, Charlene Downing, Ryan Michael Oducado, Evangelos C. Fradelos, Riksa Wibawa Resna

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Purpose: While awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs is rising, these topics remain underrepresented in nursing curricula, often due to limited faculty preparation and absence of standardized guidelines (Dalbey, 2023; Moore et al., 2023). This educational gap affects nursing students’ readiness to care for LGBTQ+ patients, particularly in non-Western settings, where cross-cultural research is limited (Ozcan et al,, 2021; Wang et al., 2022. This study examined nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward LGBTQ+ healthcare across five countries—the United States (U.S.), South Africa, the Philippines, Greece, and Indonesia.

Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted with 150 third-year undergraduate nursing students who …

The Universal Humanuniverse Living Experience Of Feeling Lonely: A Parsesciencing Inquiry, Maria Elizabeth Wheelock

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Feeling lonely is a universal humanuniverse living experience. Universal humanuniverse living experiences are phenomena that occur throughout a lifetime and experienced to some degree by everyone. Feeling lonely within the context of the humanbecoming paradigm is a phenomenon concerned with living quality since individuals structure personal meaning in choosing to feel lonely or not from moment to moment. Feeling lonely has not been substantially investigated within nursing.

The purposes of this inquiry were to (a) discover the discerning extant moment of feeling lonely, (b) enhance understanding of the universal humanuniverse living experience of feeling lonely, (c) add to the body …

Developing A Database Of Community And Medical Resources For Gender-Affirming Care, Grey Mitchell

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) care has gaps in the understanding and meeting of non-medical needs of TGD patients.^1-7 The current evidence skews towards overmedicalizing aspects of a TGD person’s care and says very little about what aspects are missing from comprehensive TGD patient care.^1-8 This project aimed to provide resources via a web page on the web site for a Community Health Center (CHC) in King County, Washington to address these gaps with the types of resources that TGD patients have specifically requested of their providers at this CHC. A survey was created, sent to primary care providers …

Empowering Black/African American And Latina/Hispanic American Women Through Lupus Awareness, Chizoba Anako, Celicia Little, Tomilola Afere, Marvel Onwumere

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Approximately 1.5 million Americans and at least 5 million people worldwide are affected by some form of lupus (Lupus Foundation of America, 2023), and recently approved lupus therapies remain inaccessible to many patients due to the lack of coverage by healthcare systems, disproportionately affecting individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (Mosca et al., 2024).

Purpose: Guided by the Lupus Foundation of America’s (LFA) campaign theme, "Be Fierce. Take Control.", the initiative emphasizes health empowerment and self-advocacy.

Methods: This study used a simple random sample of 36 undergraduate students at Bowie State University. Informed consent was obtained before participation. After Institutional …

A Systematic Review Of Symptoms In Adolescents With Ckd, Rileigh M. Fagan, Janet S. Carpenter, Heather K. Hardin, Rebecca J. Bartlett Ellis

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Childhood chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects an estimated 15 to 75 children and adolescents per million worldwide. As a disease and symptom multiplier, childhood CKD is burdensome and leads to decreased quality of life. It is essential to explore current knowledge of the symptom experience in adolescents with CKD to help reduce burden and improve quality of life. The purpose of this systematic review was to explore the state of the science of the symptom experiences in children and adolescents with conservatively managed CKD.

Methods: This systematic review included articles identified through searches in Scopus, PubMed, Cumulative Index to …

Integrating Telehealth Simulations To Prepare Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Students, Michelle Spencer, Carly Edgar, Cara Young

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Introduction: Telemedicine improves patient care access and has a positive economic impact. In 2018, the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculty (NONPF) proposed integrating telehealth competencies into the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) education curriculum. This project aims to implement telemedicine educational content addressing the telehealth competencies for the APRN student, including didactic and simulation components to enhance students’ competence and confidence with telemedicine care.

Methods: This quality improvement project implements an evidence-based approach to educate APRN students on telemedicine. The NONPF telehealth competencies are introduced to 37 family, pediatric, psychiatric-mental-health nurse practitioner, and clinical nurse specialist students enrolled in …

Measuring Hospital Case Management Practice Environment: Adaption And Validation Of The Pes-Nwi, Kristen A. Berryman, Rula Btoush, Olga F. Jarrin

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) has been used to measure the work environment across diverse nursing populations for over two decades (Lake, 2002; Lake et al., 2023). Case management, a specialty nursing practice centered around care coordination, aims to meet the clinical and financial goals of medically and socially complex individuals across the care continuum (Luther et al., 2019). Hospital case management practice is complex, and case managers often face work barriers, including unclear scope of practice and insufficient training upon entering the specialty (Anderson & Hewner, 2021; McLaughlin Davis & Morley, 2022). There is …

Implementation Of A Multidisciplinary Educational Assessment To Enhance Pressure Injury Prevention, Olivia Paige Manning, Tamara Oliver, Anne Schoening

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Purpose: To develop and implement a multidisciplinary, role-specific educational assessment aimed at identifying knowledge gaps and training needs related to HAPI prevention among key inpatient care teams.

Background: Healthcare-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) remain a significant challenge across inpatient settings, requiring collaborative, multidisciplinary prevention strategies. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported that pressure injuries affect more than 2.5 million Americans a year resulting in 60,000 deaths. Education and role-specific knowledge among staff are critical components in addressing gaps in HAPI prevention.

Methods: A multidisciplinary HAPI prevention team at a midwestern Level I Trauma Center in partnership with Creighton University …

Interpreting And Applying Microbiome Data For Evidence-Based Practice, Jessica M. Johnson

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Purpose: The purpose of this presentation is to demonstrate how microbiome data is presented in the literature and evaluate the effect of inconsistencies in reporting on the interpretation of microbiome data for research and clinical practice.

Background: Examination of the relationship between the microbiome and human health is a burgeoning area of research^1-5. However, across microbiome literature, there is an inconsistency in reporting concerning bacterial taxonomies, abundance values, ranking, and alpha and beta diversity. This inconsistency demonstrates the need for greater consistency in reporting microbiome results so that researchers and nurses can compare results across studies.

Methods: Using …

Motivation To Lead And Its Contributing Factors Among Black Registered Nurses: A Literature Review, Samantha Ann Katherine Davis, Charlotte Thomas-Hawkins

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Strong evidence reveals that a more diverse U.S. healthcare workforce enhances care delivery, promotes culturally responsive care, expands access to healthcare, and helps reduce disparities among underrepresented populations.¹ The limited presence of Black nurses in frontline leadership roles has a profound impact on nursing and healthcare, limiting opportunities to improve resources, attract diverse talent, and maintain a workforce that reflects the communities it serves.² The extent to which Black nurses are motivated to lead is not known.

Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to understand the prevalence of motivation to lead among Black nurses, …

A Program Evaluation Of Pediatric Family Centered Rounding, Kristy Schmidt, Katherine Doyon

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Family centered rounding (FCR) is a pediatric evidence-based practice intended to bring healthcare teams, patients, and families together at the bedside in a collaborative approach to care planning. FCR emphasizes communication and shared decision-making between healthcare teams and families, leading to improved patient outcomes. Despite well-documented benefits of FCR, challenges such as inconsistent nursing participation, variability in practices, and workflow disruptions hinder implementation and sustainability of FCR

Aim: This program evaluation was designed and conducted at an urban pediatric hospital to assess the processes, perceptions, and impact of FCR. The overall quality of FCR and the strengths and barriers …

The Competency Assessment Companion: An Electronic Resource For Perinatal Nurses, Raina Dvorah Siegel, Leah Hoeniges

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: A lack of unanimity in the assessment of registered nurse (RN) competence can lead to the provision of inconsistent care, increasing the risk of medical errors and compromising patient safety. On the labor and delivery (L&D) unit of a 641-bed academic medical center in Chicago, there is currently no standardized practice for conducting RN competency assessments, leaving room for preceptor subjectivity and bias.

Purpose: To develop and pilot an evidence-based electronic repository, the Competency Assessment Companion (CAC), aimed at standardizing RN competency assessments targeting five clinical domains outlined within the L&D unit’s existing New-Hire Competency Assessment Package (NHCAP): Patient …

The Sibling Experience Of Pediatric Patients Discharged From The Picu: Qualitative Meta-Synthesis, Jessica Keller

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

A QMS was conducted to describe the sibling experiences of children discharged from the PICU to promote future research of the sibling experience and identify interventions for sibling support. The research question was: what are the experiences of siblings of children discharged from the PICU?

When a child is in the PICU, the family must face life-threatening diagnoses and difficult decisions. This stress impacts family dynamics shared by parents and children (Rennick et al., 2021). Siblings may assume additional responsibilities without having the support of their parents. Manning et al. (2017) identified siblings have unmet needs that are not fully …

Validation Of The Affiliate Stigma Scale For Asian Indian American Dementia Family Caregivers, Anju Wadhawan, Rula Btoush, Peijia Zha, Olga F. Jarrin

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background/Purpose: The Affiliate Stigma Scale is a commonly used instrument for measuring stigma experienced by caregivers of persons with intellectual disabilities and mental illness (Mak & Cheung, 2008). It is particularly relevant within the Asian Indian community, where dementia may sometimes be considered a punishment for past life sins of the patient or their loved ones (Chenug et al., 2019; Hossain & Khan 2019; Hussain et al., 2024; Krishnamurthi et al., 2022). Building on prior work to culturally adapt the affiliate stigma scale for Asian Indian American dementia family caregivers, this study aims to assess the reliability and validity of …

Thriving As A Recent Graduate With Learning Disability: A Mixed Methods Study, Eunice Korkor Assem-Erhaze, Nicole Harder, Wanda Chernomas

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The nursing shortage is critical globally (Buchan & Catton, 2023). Several factors contribute to this, including disability. Promoting retention measures for nursing graduates, particularly those with learning disabilities (LD), helps address the nurse shortage in line with equity, diversity, inclusion, and accessibility. Federal laws mandate that academic institutions offer reasonable accommodation to students with LD to enhance their educational outcomes. However, the automatic accommodations offered to these students ‘fade away’ after graduation, although LD is a lifelong difference. Workplace stress and lack of transition support increase graduate nurse turnover, which LD exacerbates. Recent graduates with learning disabilities (RGwLD) are required …