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Articles 134641 - 134670 of 5209622
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Mcsa Forum Minutes 11/24/2025, Morris Campus Student Association
Mcsa Forum Minutes 11/24/2025, Morris Campus Student Association
Morris Campus Student Association
No abstract provided.
Geographic And Socioeconomic Predictors Of Early Follow-Up Loss In Patients Undergoing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (Pitnets) Resection: A Retrospective Review Of 1143 Cases, Daniel Quintana, Rithvik Ramesh, Robert C. Osorio, Wesley Shoap, Paul Mcmillan Villalobos, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, Sandeep Kunwar, Jose Gurrola, Ivan H. El Sayed, Manish K. Aghi, Ezequiel Goldschmidt
Geographic And Socioeconomic Predictors Of Early Follow-Up Loss In Patients Undergoing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (Pitnets) Resection: A Retrospective Review Of 1143 Cases, Daniel Quintana, Rithvik Ramesh, Robert C. Osorio, Wesley Shoap, Paul Mcmillan Villalobos, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, Sandeep Kunwar, Jose Gurrola, Ivan H. El Sayed, Manish K. Aghi, Ezequiel Goldschmidt
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
OBJECTIVE: Postoperative follow-up after PitNET resection is essential for monitoring tumor recurrence and endocrinological deficits. Despite advances in telehealth, loss to follow-up remains a persistent challenge across neurosurgical patients. This study aims to identify factors to identify patients are at higher risk of being lost to follow-up after surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,143 adult patients who underwent PitNET resection between 2012 and 2019 at a single institution. Clinical and radiological data were analyzed to assess loss to follow-up in the cohort. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with …
Satisfaction And Barriers To Online Learning Among Omani Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jansirani Natarajan, Mickael A. Joseph, Dooa S. Al Jabri, Juhaina N. Al Shabibi, Sheikha H. Al Quwaiti, Bushra K. Al Bahri
Satisfaction And Barriers To Online Learning Among Omani Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jansirani Natarajan, Mickael A. Joseph, Dooa S. Al Jabri, Juhaina N. Al Shabibi, Sheikha H. Al Quwaiti, Bushra K. Al Bahri
Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal
Objectives: This study aimed to assess Omani nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning and perceived barriers that may hinder the seamless integration of online theory courses into the nursing curriculum. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was administered to nursing students at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman, in the Spring 2024 semester. The 34-item Distance Education Learning Environment Survey and the 22-item Barriers to Online Learning Scale were used. Descriptive statistics and t-tests/ANOVA examined associations. Results: A total of 155 respondents were included (response rate = 73.1%); most respondents were female (n = 126, 81.3%), aged 18– 22 years (n = …
Intouch Week Of November 24, 2025, New York Medical College
Intouch Week Of November 24, 2025, New York Medical College
InTouch
- NYMC Marks 150 Year Academic Affiliation with NYC Health+Hospitals/Metropolitan with Celebration Symposium
- BioInc@NYMC Welcomes Dair Capture
- SOM Class of 2029 Comes Together for Friendsgiving Celebration
- NYMC and TU Hosted Webinar Series: “Ninety Minutes: The Medical Magazine of the Web”
- Third Volume of Medical Halachah Annual Links Halachah and Modern Medical Ethics
- Feature Your Artwork on the Chironian Back Cover
- TCDM Students Volunteer at Pop-Up Dental Clinic
- Free Ground Shipping on Merch
- In The Community: Students Lead Community Health Fair Offering Wide-Ranging Health Resources
- Student Spotlight: From Medical Student to Ironman
Red Snapper (Lutjanus Campechanus) Neurocranium, Gabriella K. Flora, David W. Kerstetter
Red Snapper (Lutjanus Campechanus) Neurocranium, Gabriella K. Flora, David W. Kerstetter
All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series
No abstract provided.
Review Of Shakespeare’S Major Plays Volume 1, Robert P. Moreira
Review Of Shakespeare’S Major Plays Volume 1, Robert P. Moreira
Open Educational Resources - Reviews
No abstract provided.
Diurnal Behavioral Outcomes And Bbb Integrity In Adult Male Shr And Wky Rats, Pallavi Shrivastava, Oluchukwu D. Biose, Riya Dahal, Abdallah Jwayyed, Rukayat A. Raji, Huijing Xia, Eric Lazartigues, Ifechukwude J. Biose
Diurnal Behavioral Outcomes And Bbb Integrity In Adult Male Shr And Wky Rats, Pallavi Shrivastava, Oluchukwu D. Biose, Riya Dahal, Abdallah Jwayyed, Rukayat A. Raji, Huijing Xia, Eric Lazartigues, Ifechukwude J. Biose
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Day and night neurobehavioral tests were performed for Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) to establish an optimal testing window. Also, blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity in brain areas related to cognition was measured to determine strain-specific differences. Six months old male SHR and WKY were randomly divided into day (i.e., 9–11 a.m.) and nighttime (i.e., 7–9 p.m.) testing regimen. Neurobehavioral tests included: Y-maze spontaneous alternation, open field, novel object recognition (NOR), and tail suspension test (TST). BBB integrity was measured in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. WKY showed higher recognition memory at night compared to SHR and …
Evaluation Of Learning Experiences Of New Graduate Nurses At A Teaching Hospital In Nigeria, Idongesit Akpabio, Felicia Sam Akpabio, Eno Udoh, Effioanwan Nkere
Evaluation Of Learning Experiences Of New Graduate Nurses At A Teaching Hospital In Nigeria, Idongesit Akpabio, Felicia Sam Akpabio, Eno Udoh, Effioanwan Nkere
Biennial Convention (CONV)
INTRODUCTION: A successful nursing career depends on the senior professional colleagues’ assistance for new graduates to master professional skills during internship programme. This study examined the working relationships between new graduates and senior nurses; level of guidance with mastering practical skills and socialization into the hospital roles. Three null hypotheses were formulated for statistical analyses to provide empirical evidence.
METHOD: This involved descriptive design and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The target population were 52 nurses that were currently on internship programme in the hospital and all of them were included as sample for the inferential study while six outspoken among …
Enablers Towards Men's Engagement At Child Welfare Clinics In Ghana, Veronica Adwoa Agyare, Lillian Akorfa Ohene, Luke Laari, Lydia Aziato
Enablers Towards Men's Engagement At Child Welfare Clinics In Ghana, Veronica Adwoa Agyare, Lillian Akorfa Ohene, Luke Laari, Lydia Aziato
Biennial Convention (CONV)
Globally, male involvement in Maternal, Child and Reproductive Health Care is a concept envisaged to improve children's and women's wellbeing (Angusubalakshmi et al., 2023; Nambile Cumber et al., 2024). Men are encouraged to be involved in prenatal care through to Wellbaby Clinics (WBC), also called Child Welfare Clinics (CWC). Most African countries have aligned to this concept as a strategy (Lusambili et al., 2021) to help attain Sustainable Development Goal 3, Good Health and Wellbeing for All Ages by 2030 due to men’s role as providers and decision makers in family settings. In Ghana, some men are engaged in their …
Exploring Lived Experiences Of Significant Others As Caregivers To Partners With Spinal Cord Injury, Lisa A. Lumley
Exploring Lived Experiences Of Significant Others As Caregivers To Partners With Spinal Cord Injury, Lisa A. Lumley
Biennial Convention (CONV)
According to the World Health Organization, 250,000 to 500,000 people worldwide have suffered a spinal cord injury. Significant others may become caregivers responsible for meeting the needs of the dependent partner. The focus of this study is on significant other caregivers’ experiences providing care for partners after a spinal cord injury.
The effects of stress from providing care may be detrimental to caregivers' psychological and physical well-being. Psychological distress, such as anxiety and depression in caregivers, is a significant public health issue that affects the quality of life for millions of individuals. There is a lack of studies focusing on …
High-Throughput Screens Identify Genotype-Specific Therapeutics For Channelopathies, Christian L. Egly, Alex Shen, Tri Q. Do, Carlos Tellet Cabiya, Paxton A. Ritschel, Suah Woo, Matthew Ku, Brian P. Delisle, Brett M. Kroncke, Björn C. Knollmann
High-Throughput Screens Identify Genotype-Specific Therapeutics For Channelopathies, Christian L. Egly, Alex Shen, Tri Q. Do, Carlos Tellet Cabiya, Paxton A. Ritschel, Suah Woo, Matthew Ku, Brian P. Delisle, Brett M. Kroncke, Björn C. Knollmann
Physiology Faculty Publications
Genetic diseases such as ion channelopathies substantially burden human health. Existing treatments are limited and not genotype specific. Here, we report a 2-step high-throughput approach to rapidly identify drug candidates for repurposing as genotype-specific therapy. We first screened 1,680 medicines using a thallium-flux trafficking assay against Kv11.1 gene variants causing long QT syndrome (LQTS), an ion channelopathy associated with fatal cardiac arrhythmia. We identified evacetrapib as a suitable drug candidate that improves membrane trafficking and activates channels. We then used deep mutational scanning to prospectively identify all Kv11.1 missense variants in an LQTS hotspot region responsive to treatment with evacetrapib. …
When Scripts Diverge: Strengthening Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation Through Phonetic Cross-Lingual Transfer, Ammon Shurtz
When Scripts Diverge: Strengthening Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation Through Phonetic Cross-Lingual Transfer, Ammon Shurtz
Theses and Dissertations
Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (MNMT) models enhance translation quality for low-resource languages by exploiting cross-lingual similarities during training--a process known as knowledge transfer. This transfer is particularly effective between languages that share lexical or structural features, often enabled by a common orthography. However, languages with strong phonetic and lexical similarities but distinct writing systems experience limited benefits, as the absence of a shared orthography hinders knowledge transfer. To address this limitation, we propose an approach based on phonetic information that enhances token-level alignment across scripts by leveraging transliterations. We systematically evaluate several phonetic transcription techniques and strategies for incorporating phonetic …
Educational Policy, Implementation, And Challenges: A Case Study Of Administrative Practice In Using Student Growth Measures For Instructional Improvement In A K-12 School District In Northern New Jersey, Dean Robinson
Theses and Dissertations
This qualitative single holistic case study explores how school administrators in a Northern New Jersey district implement student growth measures (SGMs) mandated by the New Jersey Department of Education. Grounded in Lipsky’s (1980) theory of street-level bureaucracy, Wright’s Connected Actions Roadmap (2022), and Argyris and Schön’s (1978) theory of action, this work examines how administrators in the case study navigate policy mandates while addressing the demands of leading their schools. Data was collected through two rounds of semi-structured interviews with eleven administrators, supplemented by field notes. Thematic analysis revealed five areas: administrative agency in balancing compliance and authenticity, collaboration as …
Housing Market Responses To Constrained Mobility Rights - Evidence From A School Enrollment Reform For Migrant Children, Yilin Hou, Jinghua Qi, Yugang Tang
Housing Market Responses To Constrained Mobility Rights - Evidence From A School Enrollment Reform For Migrant Children, Yilin Hou, Jinghua Qi, Yugang Tang
Center for Policy Research
Mobility matches open housing markets. With constrained mobility and partially open housing markets, market responses reflect the constraints. We study this mechanism by examining disparity in access to public schools across socio-economic groups, focusing on properties near primary schools accessible to migrant students under social integration policies in a Chinese megacity. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we uncover complex spatial and market dynamics: while house prices close to ordinary primary schools remained relatively stable, house prices farther away declined markedly. This differential impact suggests the interaction between a potential "peer effect" and an "amenity effect." The rental rates showed little change …
Macrophyte Community Analysis Of The Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway, The Pearl River, And The Pascagoula River, Samuel A. Schmid, Nicholas J. Engle-Wrye, Gray Turnage
Macrophyte Community Analysis Of The Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway, The Pearl River, And The Pascagoula River, Samuel A. Schmid, Nicholas J. Engle-Wrye, Gray Turnage
Research Data
The macrophyte Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway, Pearl River, and Pascagoula River were surveyed using point surveys. Data collected from these surveys were used to determine differences in species composition among macrophyte communities, how latitude affected species richness, and how the presence/absence of introduced species was affected by native richness. Differences in species composition were measured using NMDS, and the latitude-richness and introduced-native relationships were modeled using linear modeling methods. This record includes the data and code used for these analyses.
Adequate Representation In Group Litigation, Elizabeth Chamblee Burch
Adequate Representation In Group Litigation, Elizabeth Chamblee Burch
Louisiana Law Review
No abstract provided.
State Of California Cannabis Reporting, University Of Mississippi – National Center For Cannabis Research And Education
State Of California Cannabis Reporting, University Of Mississippi – National Center For Cannabis Research And Education
California
No abstract provided.
University Of Richmond Wind Ensemble, Department Of Music, University Of Richmond
University Of Richmond Wind Ensemble, Department Of Music, University Of Richmond
Music Department Concert Programs
No abstract provided.
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio As A Marker Of Skin Disease Activity In Older Children With Juvenile Dermatomyositis, Shreya Swaminathan, Nidhi Naik, Susan Shenoi, Sarah Vandenbergen, Jessica L. Turnier, Zilan Zheng, Jessica Neely, James S. Andrews, Christian Lood
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio As A Marker Of Skin Disease Activity In Older Children With Juvenile Dermatomyositis, Shreya Swaminathan, Nidhi Naik, Susan Shenoi, Sarah Vandenbergen, Jessica L. Turnier, Zilan Zheng, Jessica Neely, James S. Andrews, Christian Lood
Student Papers, Posters & Projects
BACKGROUND: Neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. While the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with disease activity in adult dermatomyositis, its clinical utility in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is unknown.
METHODS: Demographic, medication use, autoantibody profile, disease activity markers, and laboratory data from 97 JDM patients was collected using retrospective chart review. Patients were age-stratified (0–9 vs. 9–21 years of age), as white blood cell count stabilizes at 9 years. The relationships between NLR with JDM disease activity measures were analyzed using spearman’s correlation.
RESULTS: Patients were primarily white (56.7%) and female (71.1%). Older children had …
A Geothermal Amoeba Sets A New Upper Temperature Limit For Eukaryotes, H Beryl Rappaport, Natalie A. Petek-Seoane, Tomáš Tyml, Felix Mikus, Kurt Labutti, Godwin Ani, Jessica K. Niblo, Ethan Macvicar, Rachel M. Shepherd, Ignacio De La Higuera, Samuel J. Lord, Kenneth M. Stedman, Multiple Additional Authors
A Geothermal Amoeba Sets A New Upper Temperature Limit For Eukaryotes, H Beryl Rappaport, Natalie A. Petek-Seoane, Tomáš Tyml, Felix Mikus, Kurt Labutti, Godwin Ani, Jessica K. Niblo, Ethan Macvicar, Rachel M. Shepherd, Ignacio De La Higuera, Samuel J. Lord, Kenneth M. Stedman, Multiple Additional Authors
Center for Life in Extreme Environments Publications
The study of temperature limits has transformed our knowledge of the boundaries of life but has been largely focused on bacteria and archaea. We isolated a novel geothermal amoeba, , that divides at 63°C (145.4°F), establishing a new record for the upper temperature limit across all eukaryotes. We demonstrated cellular proliferation with growth experiments and visualized mitosis expansion microscopy. Using high-temperature live-cell imaging, we quantified movement up to 64°C. We assembled the genome of and using comparative genomics found an enrichment of genes related to proteostasis, genome stability, and sensing the external environment. Taken together, our findings challenge the current …
Responding With Change: Transforming From Content To Competency-Based Education, Charlotte S. Connerton, Theresa Marcotte, Ashley N. Carter, Susan A. Seibert
Responding With Change: Transforming From Content To Competency-Based Education, Charlotte S. Connerton, Theresa Marcotte, Ashley N. Carter, Susan A. Seibert
Biennial Convention (CONV)
Background: Changes in nursing education are underway as the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) endorsed a shift from a content-driven pedagogy to Competency-Based Education (CBE) (AACN, 2021). This seismic shift in long-held teaching and learning practices is daunting for faculty, however, with intentional design for professional development, faculty can gain knowledge in CBE, confidence in trying new strategies, and adopt a different mindset to embrace CBE (Competency-Based Education Network, 2021; National League for Nursing, 2024; Wittman-Price & Gittings, 2021).
Purpose: Using Roger’s (1962) Diffusion of Innovation theory as a theoretical framework, this quality improvement project aimed to transform …
Managing Newborn Emergencies By Escaping, Angela M. Schooley
Managing Newborn Emergencies By Escaping, Angela M. Schooley
Biennial Convention (CONV)
Development of clinical judgment skills requires active learning strategies. Escape rooms are a unique teaching methodology to support students’ clinical skills (Woodworth, 2020). Participation in active learning strategies such as escape rooms helps students transfer knowledge to practice (Stringfellow, 2021). Students participating in escape rooms report enhanced knowledge, improved ability to prioritize, and increased ability to synthesize data to guide actions (Kubin, 2020). A concern with using game based learning is the retention of the knowledge (Reinkemeyer et al, 2022, Tavares, 2022). While escape rooms are rated favorably by students, more rigorous research is called for to explore the benefits …
Diffog: Differentiable Policy Trajectory Optimization With Generalizability, Zhengtong Xu, Zichen Miao, Qiang Qiu, Zhe Zhang, Yu She
Diffog: Differentiable Policy Trajectory Optimization With Generalizability, Zhengtong Xu, Zichen Miao, Qiang Qiu, Zhe Zhang, Yu She
School of Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications
Imitation-learning-based visuomotor policies excel at manipulation tasks but often produce suboptimal action trajectories compared to model-based methods. Directly mapping camera data to actions via neural networks can result in jerky motions and difficulties in meeting critical constraints, compromising safety and robustness in real-world deployment. For tasks that require high robustness or strict adherence to constraints, ensuring trajectory quality is crucial. However, the lack of interpretability in neural networks makes it challenging to generate constraint-compliant actions in a controlled manner. This article introduces differentiable policy trajectory optimization with generalizability (DiffOG), a learning-based trajectory optimization framework designed to enhance visuomotor policies. By …
Constraints On Axionlike Particles From Veritas Observations Of A Flaring Radio Galaxy In The Perseus Cluster, Avery Archer, C. B. Adams, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, W. Benbow, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr
Constraints On Axionlike Particles From Veritas Observations Of A Flaring Radio Galaxy In The Perseus Cluster, Avery Archer, C. B. Adams, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, W. Benbow, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr
Physics & Astronomy Faculty publications
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are hypothetical particles that emerge in numerous theoretical extensions to the Standard Model. Their coupling to electromagnetic field implies that ALPs would mix with photons in the presence of external magnetic fields. As ALP phenomenology is governed by the mass and strength of its coupling, there is a subset of this parameter space in which this mixing would be expected to leave an imprint on the spectra of TeV γ-ray sources. In 2017, the VERITAS γ-ray observatory recorded the second day of a dramatic flare of the radio galaxy NGC 1275, embedded at the center of the …
Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele) Among African, Asian, And Middle Eastern Women: A Clinical And Socio-Cultural Perspective, Gayathri Delanerolle, Vindya Pathiraja, Tharanga Mudalige, Nirmala Rathnayake, Abirame Sivakumar, Wijamunige Nimesha Prashadini, Nihal Mohamed Al Riyami, Lamiya Al-Kharusi, Mohammad Haddadi, Fred Tweneboah-Koduah, Om Kurmi, George Uchenna Eleje, Peter Phiri, Lauri Romanzi, Sohier Elneil
Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele) Among African, Asian, And Middle Eastern Women: A Clinical And Socio-Cultural Perspective, Gayathri Delanerolle, Vindya Pathiraja, Tharanga Mudalige, Nirmala Rathnayake, Abirame Sivakumar, Wijamunige Nimesha Prashadini, Nihal Mohamed Al Riyami, Lamiya Al-Kharusi, Mohammad Haddadi, Fred Tweneboah-Koduah, Om Kurmi, George Uchenna Eleje, Peter Phiri, Lauri Romanzi, Sohier Elneil
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers
Bladder prolapse, also known as cystocoele, is the most common form of pelvic organ prolapse (POP), significantly affecting women's physical, sexual, and psychosocial health, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite its widespread prevalence and disabling consequences, bladder prolapse remains under-recognised and inadequately addressed in global health strategies. Prevalence estimates vary widely across regions, from 3%-64.6%, influenced by diagnostic methods and cultural reporting biases. Common risk factors include high parity, early childbirth, prolonged labour, poor postpartum care, malnutrition, obesity, and ageing. Clinical diagnosis often relies on simplified grading systems in resource-limited settings. Conservative treatments like pelvic floor muscle training …
Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits In Qatar: A Prospective Cohort Study, Maguy Saffouh El Hajj, Ashraf Elmalik, Sara F. Mahmoud, Farah Zahrah, Moza Alhail, Zeana Alkudsi, Alla El-Awaisi, Ahmed Awaisu, Ziyad R. Mahfoud
Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits In Qatar: A Prospective Cohort Study, Maguy Saffouh El Hajj, Ashraf Elmalik, Sara F. Mahmoud, Farah Zahrah, Moza Alhail, Zeana Alkudsi, Alla El-Awaisi, Ahmed Awaisu, Ziyad R. Mahfoud
Pacific Faculty Work
Introduction: Medication therapy is linked to increased risks and preventable adverse drug events (ADEs). ADEs significantly burden healthcare systems by raising hospitalization rates, emergency department (ED) visits, prolonged hospital stays, morbidity, and mortality. The main study objective was to determine the incidence, severity, and preventability of drug-related visits to the ED of two large governmental hospitals in Qatar. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted in hospital EDs using systematic random sampling to select patients. Data were collected from electronic healthcare records and patient interviews. ED visits were assessed for ADEs using predesigned and tested tools. Results: One thousand …
Evurich Pitkin Llc V. Gonzalez
Evurich Pitkin Llc V. Gonzalez
All Decisions
In this GCEL holdover proceeding, the tenant's pre-answer motion to dismiss the petition was granted. The court held that predicate notices of nonrenewal based on nonpayment grounds under the Good Cause Eviction Law must meet the same "rent demand" pleading standard required for commercial holdover proceedings. The landlord's notice, which failed to provide specific details or an accounting of the alleged "rent due and owing," was deemed insufficient, necessitating dismissal of the petition. The decision affirms that specific factual apprising is required in GCEL nonpayment notices.
Node-Attributed Spatial Graph Partitioning: A Kullback-Leibler Divergence Based Approach, Valentin Nechita
Node-Attributed Spatial Graph Partitioning: A Kullback-Leibler Divergence Based Approach, Valentin Nechita
Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present
This thesis presents a novel approach to node-attributed spatial graph partitioning (NSGP) that addresses limitations in existing homogeneity measures. We introduce a Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence-based formulation we name KLD that measures attribute similarity by comparing each node’s distribution to its subgraph centroid, providing a computationally efficient method of measuring homogeneity. Integrated within a multilevel graph partitioning framework and Fiduccia-Mattheyses refinement, our approach achieves approximately 90% runtime reduction compared to the baseline Clustering and Local Refinement (CLR) algorithm while maintaining comparable partition quality. Applied to COVID-19 infection data combined with American Community Survey demographics across U.S. FIPS codes, KLD successfully identifies …