Digital Commons Network^™

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics Of The Onset And Cessation Of Ond Rainy Season Across Bimodal Regions Of Tanzania, Rajabu J. Mangara, Paul Ts Limbu

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study investigates the temporal variability of the onset, cessation, and duration of the October-November-December (OND) rainy season in the bimodal rainfall region of Tanzania. Utilizing daily precipitation data from the Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation dataset for the period 2014–2023, the study employs the Accumulated Daily Index method to determine the onset and cessation of rains, with the seasonal duration computed as the difference between these dates. Variability in onset, cessation, and season length was quantified using the Coefficient of Variation. The findings highlight significant spatial variability in onset, with early rains in northwestern areas (e.g., Bukoba) and coastal zones, commencing …

Crude Extracts Of Seaweeds (Ulva Lactuca And Eucheuma Spinosum) As Biostimulants For Enhancing Sweet Pepper Production, Charles Olambo Joseph, Seif Amour M

Tanzania Journal of Science

Sweet pepper is the world’s second most important vegetable after tomato, making its production vital for economic growth and supporting livelihoods. However, growing concerns about environmental protection and sustainability make the search for eco‑friendly alternatives to synthetic fertilizers inevitable. Seaweed extracts are rich in bioactive compounds that can stimulate key plant growth and defense pathways making them effective biofertilizer. A Randomized Complete Block Design was laid out to evaluate the potential of seaweed extract (U. lactuca and E. spinosum) in promoting the growth and productivity of sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum L.). Seaweed was applied in both liquid and …

Unh Named To Princeton Review's Top 50 Green Colleges List, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Invisible Print? Reading Skill Predicts Children's Learning Of Novel Spoken Words, Taylor J. Bryant, Dawna Duff, Bethany Bell, Lisa Fitton, Suzanne M. Adlof

Faculty Publications

Research indicates that when literate children and adults hear a new word that they have never seen in print, they create an expectation for how the word may be spelled. However, studies have not yet examined the extent to which orthographic knowledge plays a role in children's spoken vocabulary learning when words are taught without print. The current study used structural equation modelling to examine the relation between children's word reading ability and their ability to learn novel words from spoken instruction. Children (N = 335; 7–9 years; 52% female; <  1% American Indian/Alaskan Native, 33% Black, 1% Multiracial, <  1% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 2% Other; 57% White; 6% did not report race; 2% Hispanic/Latino, 97% Not Hispanic/Latino; <  1% did not report ethnicity) completed norm-referenced language and reading assessments and experimental measures of spoken word learning. Word reading ability and vocabulary knowledge uniquely predicted spoken word learning with respective medium-small and medium-large effects after controlling for phonological memory, general language ability, and nonverbal cognition. Thus, orthographic skill has important effects on vocabulary learning, unaccounted for in previous research, that should be addressed in current theory and practice.

From Listening To Action: Building Effective Community-Academic Partnerships In Environmental Health [Lightning Talk], Dani Mcbride

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The slides from a lightning talk given at the Michigan Premier Public Health Conference in Muskegon, MI on October 28, 2025.

Messages And Misogyny: A Creative Intervention Portraying The Embodied Experiences Of Internalized Misogyny, Margaret Janse Van Rensburg

Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

A New Scheme For Simple Asymmetric Bivariate Copulas And Applications, Rachid Bentoumi, Farid El Ktaibi, Christophe Chesneau

All Works

Bivariate copulas play a central role in modeling the dependence structure between two random variables and serve as a fundamental tool in various applied fields. In this article, we develop a new theoretical framework aimed at constructing simple asymmetric bivariate copulas of the form C(u, v) = uv [ϕ(v) + u(1 − ϕ(v))^], (u, v) ∈ [0, 1]². This framework relies on a tuning univariate function to achieve the desired asymmetry. We study this pioneering scheme, emphasizing its theoretical foundations, and illustrating it with several examples. More precisely, we establish important properties of the proposed copulas …

Optimization Strategies For Nucleic Acid Aptamer Sequences And Its Application In The Detection Of Food Hazards, Yuan Jie, Yao Jun, Zhang Sicheng, Qin Yadi

Food and Machinery

Foodborne diseases have become a prominent problem in the field of food safety. Rapid and accurate detection of food hazards is a key step in controlling foodborne diseases. As a novel biological recognition molecule, nucleic acid aptamers have become a research hotspot for constructing rapid and sensitive biosensors for the detection of food hazards. However, the affinity and selectivity of aptamers screened by Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) still need improvement to fully meet the requirements of analytical detection. This paper analyzes the intrinsic factors affecting aptamer performance, focuses on optimization strategies for nucleic acid aptamers, introduces …

On Perturbation Of Fuzzy Soft Κ Quasi Hyponormal Operator Generator Via A Special Class Of Operators, Salim Dawood Mohsen

Baghdad Science Journal

Hilbert space has been improved by building on a fuzzy soft vector space. It is named the fuzzy soft Hilbert space. This space has been crucial to the development of functional analysis. Interest emerged in investigating fuzzy soft operators, results and other intriguing properties of quasi-hyponormal operators are obtained, as a result, circumstances surrounding the achievement of certain analytical traits are also looked at and their more general called perturbation fuzzy soft operators, many pertinent findings in the context of fuzzy soft operator theory, which we will use in our talks of certain analytical aspects pertaining to characterizations feature. This …

Face Recognition Using Optimized Multi-Task Cascaded Cnn In Artificial Intelligence Systems, Sami Abduljabbar Rashid, Mustafa Maad Hamdi, Salah Ayad Jassim, Lukman Audah, Baraa Saad Abdulhakeem, Mohammed Salah Abood, Ahmed Adil Nafea

Baghdad Science Journal

Improving the accuracy level of face recognition system is still an open research area where it consists of certain limitations to attain maximum accuracy. In earlier days, several algorithms are developed using machine learning and deep learning models, but still, they need improvement in terms of accuracy. For that purpose, in this article a novel CNN model called the optimized multi cascaded CNN (OPT-MTC-CNN) in the artificial intelligence system is developed, which helps to overcome the accuracy issues in face recognition system. The algorithms that are incorporated in this model are Fully Convolutional Network (FCN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and …

Perioperative Benefits Of Dexmedetomidine As An Antiarrhythmic Agent In Noncardiac Surgical Patients: A Case Report, Sara Jaison, Kusuma Halemani

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, has gained recognition for its sedative, anxiolytic, and sympatholytic properties, making it a valuable perioperative agent. This report describes the anaesthetic management of an elderly 75-year-old male patient with septic shock, multi-organ dysfunction, delirium and significant ventricular arrhythmias who presented in 2025 to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Oman and was scheduled for an emergency below-knee amputation. DEX was utilised for intraoperative sedation and its antiarrhythmic effects. Traditional sedatives often exacerbate delirium or pose cardiorespiratory risks; however, DEX provides effective sedation while preserving respiratory function and promoting haemodynamic stability. Notably, its …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

Microplastic Pollution In Marine Ecosystems: Sources, Impacts, Andstakeholder-Based Solutions, Seren Acarer Arat

Turkish Journal of Biology

Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles of anthropogenic origin with a size range of 1–5000 μm. Marine MP pollution is increasingly recognized as a significant global environmental challenge. MPs, which enter marine ecosystems from land- and marine-based sources, pose physical, chemical, and biological risks due to the adsorption of various pollutants and the formation of biofilm layers. MPs are found in various organisms from lower to higher trophic levels of the marine food web. The negative effects of MPs on marine organisms depend on their abundance, their characteristics, and the exposure time of organisms to MPs. MPs can adversely affect various …

Application Of Biological And Green Nanomaterials In Wastewater Treatment: Techniques For The Effective Removal Of Dyes, Heavy Metals, And Organic Pollutants, Emi̇ne Sena Kazan Kaya, Zeynep Ci̇ğeroğlu, Tansel Kemerli̇ Kalbaran, Başak Temur Ergan, Zeynep Mi̇ne Şenol, Meral Yildirim Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Wastewater from industrial, agricultural, and residential sources poses significant environmental and public health risks due to the presence of dyes, heavy metals, and organic pollutants. Conventional treatment methods are often inadequate for the complete removal of these pollutants. Therefore, the development of sustainable, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient treatment techniques has become increasingly important. The aim of this review is to evaluate the application of biological and green nanomaterials in wastewater treatment and to compare their effectiveness against different types of pollutants (dyes, heavy metals, and organics).

Materials and methods: This review provides detailed information on the removal of …

A Review Of Deep Learning Architectures For Plant Disease Detection​, Yasi̇n Kaya, Ercan Gürsoy

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: The rapid advancement of deep learning (DL) has revolutionized plant disease detection by enabling highly accurate, image-based diagnostic solutions. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of DL-based methodologies for plant disease detection, systematically structured around the key stages of the modeling pipeline, encompassing data acquisition, preprocessing, augmentation, classification, detection, segmentation, and deployment.

Materials and methods: The review focuses on evaluating convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures such as VGG, ResNet, EfficientNet, and DenseNet across diverse experimental contexts. Classification strategies are categorized according to their integration of visualization techniques (e.g., saliency maps, Grad-CAM) to enhance model interpretability, emphasizing the pivotal role …

Green Carbon Dots In The Era Of Ai: Sustainable Synthesis, Intelligent Drug Delivery, Advanced Diagnostics, And Bioimaging, Emi̇ne Sezer, Fulden Ulucan Karnak, Si̇nan Akgöl

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Green carbon dots (GCDs) are a rapidly developing class of nanomaterials that are revolutionizing various scientific disciplines due to their unique optical properties, low toxicity, and sustainable synthesis. This review offers a comprehensive roadmap for the field, emphasizing the synergy between GCDs and artificial intelligence (AI).

Materials and methods: We begin by detailing the sustainable synthesis of GCDs, highlighting green chemistry principles and the transformative role of AI in optimizing their production. Subsequently, we explore the critical characterization of GCDs, including their structural, optical, and biocompatibility assessment. The core of this study explores the diverse biomedical applications of GCDs, …

Applications Of Transfer Learning In Sunflower Disease Detection: Advances, Challenges, And Future Directions, Yonis Gulzar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a crop of high economic and nutritional importance that continues to suffer significant yield losses due to foliar diseases. Traditional image-based and laboratory detection techniques remain limited by subjectivity, cost, and scalability. Transfer learning (TL) has recently emerged as an effective approach to overcoming these challenges involving the reuse of pretrained deep models for plant pathology tasks. Presented here is a systematic examination of recent TL-based studies on sunflower disease classification to identify prevailing trends, research gaps, and future opportunities.

Materials and methods: A structured Scopus query was employed to retrieve peer-reviewed articles published between …

Flavonoids And Phenolic Compounds: A Promising Avenue For Neurodegenerative Disease Therapy, Tesli̇me Özge Şahi̇n, Özge Cemali̇, Merve Özdemi̇r, Şeri̇fe Ayten, Duygu Ağagündüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and ALS are characterized by a progressive loss of nerve cells, for which no definitive cure currently exists. These conditions share common pathological mechanisms, including chronic neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Flavonoids and other plant-derived phenolic compounds have recently attracted attention for the treatment of such conditions due to their antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. This review explores the neuroprotective mechanisms of flavonoids and evaluates their potential for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Materials and methods: A literature search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

Hsa_Circ_0001776 Regulates The Progression Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through The Mir-1269b/Pten Axis, Yaoyao Wang, Xiancong Yang, Simin Rong, Xiaoxu Lan, Chenhui Ti, Weimiao Sun, Baohui Yin, Youjie Li, Yunxiao Sun

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant neoplasm arising from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. It is a common subtype of childhood leukemia and remains challenging to cure. Emerging evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs, play key regulatory roles in tumor biology. Among their various functions, circRNAs often act as ‘sponges’ for microRNAs (miRNAs), modulating gene expression posttranscriptionally. This study investigates the functional role and clinical relevance of hsa_circ_0001776 in AML.

Materials and methods: Three AML cell lines and 22 peripheral blood samples were analyzed. Differential expression analysis of circRNAs in a GSE dataset …

Evaluating Sh-Sy5y Cells As A Dopaminergic Neuronal Model: Morphological, Transcriptomic, And Proteomic Insights, Eylül Ece İşlek Camadan, Mehmet Sarihan, Murat Kasap, Gürler Akpinar, Eli̇fcan Koçyi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line is a popular in vitro model for neurodegenerative disease research, especially Parkinson’s disease (PD) research, but its use is complicated by limitations like the persistence of neuroblastoma-like features, unstable differentiation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular stress. To address these limitations, this study tested a blended, nine-day differentiation protocol that sequentially applied all-trans retinoic acid (RA), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP). By evaluating key neuronal, dopaminergic, and PD-related markers, the research aims to determine if these differentiated SH-SY5Y cells are a suitable model for studying PD.

Materials and methods: A blended …

The Effects Of The Combined Use Of Carbon Quantum Dots And Antibacterial Agents On Pathogenic Bacteria, Derya Doğanay, İbrahi̇m Serkan Avşar, Şevval Maral Özcan Aykol, Gamze Çamlik, Besa Bi̇lakaya, İsmai̇l Tuncer Deği̇m

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: This study evaluates the challenges associated with overcoming antimicrobial resistance and innovative approaches to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections.

Materials and methods: Novel codoped carbon quantum dots (CCQDs) were synthesized using citric acid as the carbon source and L-cysteine as the nitrogen codoping atom. The formulation in which citric acid was retained was designated as CCQDs-1, whereas the purified version, from which citric acid was removed, was termed CCQDs-2. The antibacterial properties of CCQDs-1 and CCQDs-2 were compared using the agar well diffusion method. This study comprehensively characterizes these nanomaterials and evaluates their antibacterial potential, both alone and in …

Applying Global Evidence To Foster Young People’S Thriving In The Us: A Framework For Action, Miriam Temin, Sanyukta Mathur

Adolescents and Young People

This blog post originally appeared on the Population Council’s website in October 2025.

Produce Flow Food Safety Plan With Wash Pack Flow Template, Mary S. Choate

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Sanitizer Label Explanation, Mary S. Choate

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Jumpstart Cleaning Log, Mary S. Choate

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Jumpstart Worker Training Record, Mary S. Choate

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

China’S Revised Arbitration Law, Jillian Farrell

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution (CJCR) Blog

Historically, China has been an undesirable venue for arbitration amongst foreign parties. Chinese arbitration institutions had been quasi-governmental, creating concerns about institutional bias and the perception that Chinese arbitrators exercised “ambiguous flexibility” in their decision-making. Chinese courts also had a reputation for not enforcing arbitration awards. Although there has not been empirical data to suggest that Chinese Arbitration proceedings are always biased, the provisions of China’s Arbitration Law itself alongside individual’s experiences painted Chinese Arbitration as unfair and unenforceable.

The print edition of the issue has also been released. This post was originally published on the Cardozo Journal of Conflict …

Parco V. Fisch

All Decisions

The court denied the tenant's motion to dismiss a holdover petition, finding the predicate notice sufficient despite lacking detailed small landlord exemption proof. The landlord was permitted to amend the petition to include Good Cause Eviction Law (GCEL) small landlord exemption information required by RPL § 214(1), as such pleading defects are amendable. The tenant's motion for leave to file an answer was largely granted, and limited discovery was ordered regarding the landlord's claimed exemption and the tenant's harassment counterclaims, while overly broad discovery demands were stricken.

Exploring Definitions And Frameworks Of Information Diplomacy: A Scoping Review Protocol, Bethany S. Mcgowan, Tuomas Harviainen

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Information diplomacy is an emerging concept that bridges information science, public diplomacy, and global communication. Although increasingly cited in scholarly and policy discourse, the term lacks definitional clarity and theoretical consensus. A systematic mapping of its explicit usage across disciplines is needed to support conceptual coherence and guide future applications.

This scoping review aims to identify, analyze, and synthesize existing definitions, frameworks, and applications of the term information diplomacy in scholarly and gray literature. The review will explore how the concept has been articulated across domains such as international relations, information policy, and communication, focusing exclusively on sources that explicitly …