3,7-Dinitro-1,3,5,7-Tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1]Nonane (Dpt): An Important Intermediate In The Synthesis Route Of One Of The Most Powerful Energetic Materials (Rdx/Hmx),
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
3,7-Dinitro-1,3,5,7-Tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1]Nonane (Dpt): An Important Intermediate In The Synthesis Route Of One Of The Most Powerful Energetic Materials (Rdx/Hmx), Hany A. Elazab, M. M. Seleet, Said M. A. Hassanein, M. A. Radwan, M. A. Sadek
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Synthesis of Cyclotetramethylene Tetramine through the action of nitrating mixture formed of ammonium nitrate and fuming nitric acid on hexamine in presence of acetic acid, acetic anhydride and p-formaldehyde has been proven. The pathway is relatively long and Hexamine Dinitrate and Dinitro Pentamethylene Tetramine (DPT) are two of the main intermediate compounds. The former was prepared, purified, and then characterized. Conversion of this compound into the latter has been followed up experimentally. Herein, we report the Preparation of Dinitro Pentamethylene Tetramine (DPT) from Hexamine Dinitrate - as an alternative synthetic route - which is an important intermediate appears through preparation …
Effect Of Support, Preparations Methods, Ag Promotion And Nc Size On The Activity, Selectivity And Sintering Deactivation Of Supported Co Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst,
2019
Brigham Young University
Effect Of Support, Preparations Methods, Ag Promotion And Nc Size On The Activity, Selectivity And Sintering Deactivation Of Supported Co Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst, Mahmood Rahmati
Theses and Dissertations
A series of silver-promoted, 20 wt% cobalt Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts supported on an alumina modified with 5 wt% silica were prepared using two methods: traditional incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) and a new solvent-deficient precipitation (SDP) technique. Catalysts containing silver promoter concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 wt% were prepared using each of the two methods. Silver improved the reducibility of the cobalt significantly, lowering reduction temperatures by up to 100°C, and increasing the extent of reduction by up to 35%. Further, in both preparation methods, changing the silver loading altered the cobalt dispersion. The smallest Co crystallite size …
Recent Developments In Surface/Interface Modulation And Structure-Performance Relationship Of Cathode Catalysts For Li-Air Batteries,
2019
College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
Recent Developments In Surface/Interface Modulation And Structure-Performance Relationship Of Cathode Catalysts For Li-Air Batteries, Rui Gao, Jun-Kai Wang, Zhong-Bo Hu, Xiang-Feng Liu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Lithium-air battery has been considered to be one of the most promising secondary battery systems because of its high energy density. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the cathode, and the high overpotential, poor cycle stability and low rate capacity have severely blocked the development and application of Li-air battery. One of the effective strategies to alleviate these issues is to develop cathode catalysts for Li-air batteries. The design and development of bifunctional cathode catalysts with high activity and efficiency on both ORR and OER is highly desired for Li-air …
Synthesis Of Flower-Like Vanadium Disulfide For Lithium Storage Application,
2019
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
Synthesis Of Flower-Like Vanadium Disulfide For Lithium Storage Application, Pan Li, Jian Liu, Wei-Yi Sun, Hai-Xia Li, Zhan-Liang Tao
Journal of Electrochemistry
In order to improve the electrochemical properties of vanadium disulfide (VS2) as an electrode material in Li-ion battery, the flower-like VS2 was prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method with the addition of polyethylene glycol 400. The phase and morphology of the product were characterized by using X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. During the growth process, it was observed that the flower-like VS2 was interspersed with several hexagonal vanadium disulfide nanosheets, which had a high specific surface area and excellent structural stability. The flower-like VS2 was used for the cathode material test in …
Ni/Mn3O4/Nimn2O4 Double-Shelled Hollow Spheres Embedded Into Reduced Graphene Oxide As Advanced Anodes For Sodium-Ion Batteries,
2019
1. Tianjin International Joint Research Centre of Surface Technology for Energy Storage Materials, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; 2. Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of;
Ni/Mn3O4/Nimn2O4 Double-Shelled Hollow Spheres Embedded Into Reduced Graphene Oxide As Advanced Anodes For Sodium-Ion Batteries, Chong Yan, Hua-Ri Kou, Bo Yan, Xiao-Jing Liu, De-Jun Li, Xi-Fei Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
Delicately building the unique nanocomposite with the combination of hollow structure and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is highly desirable and still remains a great challenge in the field of energy conversion and storage. In this work, Ni/Mn3O4/NiMn2O4 double-shelled hollow spheres coated by rGO (denoted as R-NMN) have been successfully synthetized via one-step rapid solvothermal treatment followed by subsequent annealing for the first time. Served as anodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs), the R-NMN composite containing 25wt% rGO exhibits a high discharge capacity of 187.8 mAh·g-1 after 100 cycles at 50 mA·g-1 …
Carbon Capture And Synergistic Energy Storage: Performance And Uncertainty Quantification,
2019
Brigham Young University - Provo
Carbon Capture And Synergistic Energy Storage: Performance And Uncertainty Quantification, Christopher Stephen Russell
Theses and Dissertations
Energy use around the world will rise in the coming decades. Renewable energy sources will help meet this demand, but renewable sources suffer from intermittency, uncontrollable power supply, geographic limitations, and other issues. Many of these issues can be mitigated by introducing energy storage technologies. These technologies facilitate load following and can effectively time-shift power. This analysis compares dedicated and synergistic energy storage technologies using energy efficiency as the primary metric.
Energy storage will help renewable sources come to the grid, but fossil fuels still dominate energy sources for decades to come in nearly all projections. Carbon capture technologies can …
Cutter Elements For Drill Bits And Methods For Fabricating Same,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Cutter Elements For Drill Bits And Methods For Fabricating Same, Guodong Zhan, Biju P. Kumar, Russell C. Gilleylen, Michael D. Hughes, Xinhua Liang
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A method of fabricating a PCD cutter element including a diamond table including a plurality of coated diamond particles fabricated using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process.
Effect Of Pt Promotion On The Ni-Catalyzed Deoxygenation Of Tristearin To Fuel-Like Hydrocarbons,
2019
University of Kentucky
Effect Of Pt Promotion On The Ni-Catalyzed Deoxygenation Of Tristearin To Fuel-Like Hydrocarbons, Ryan Loe, Kelsey Huff, Morgan Walli, Tonya Morgan, Dali Qian, Robert Pace, Yang Song, Mark Isaacs, Eduardo Santillan-Jimenez, Mark Crocker
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications
Pt represents an effective promoter of supported Ni catalysts in the transformation of tristearin to green diesel via decarbonylation/decarboxylation (deCOx), conversion increasing from 2% over 20% Ni/Al2O3 to 100% over 20% Ni-0.5% Pt/Al2O3 at 260 °C. Catalyst characterization reveals that the superior activity of Ni-Pt relative to Ni-only catalysts is not a result of Ni particle size effects or surface area differences, but rather stems from several other phenomena, including the improved reducibility of NiO when Pt is present. Indeed, the addition of a small amount of Pt to the supported Ni …
Near-Surface Material Phases And Microstructure Of Scandate Cathodes,
2019
University of Kentucky
Near-Surface Material Phases And Microstructure Of Scandate Cathodes, Xiaotao Liu, Bernard K. Vancil, Matthew J. Beck, Thomas John Balk
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Scandate cathodes that were fabricated using the liquid-solid process and that exhibited excellent emission performance were characterized using complementary state-of-the-art electron microscopy techniques. Sub-micron BaAl2O4 particles were observed on the surfaces and edges of tungsten particles, as seen in cross-section samples extracted from the scandate cathode surface regions. Although several BaAl2O4 particles were observed to surround smaller Sc2O3 nanoparticles, no chemical mixing of the two oxides was detected, and in fact the distinct oxide phases were separately verified by chemical analysis and also by 3D elemental tomography. Nanobeam electron diffraction confirmed …
Characterization And Quantification Of Highly Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan Isomers By Gated-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry Negative Electron Transfer Dissociation Ms/Ms,
2019
Missorui University of Science and Technology
Characterization And Quantification Of Highly Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan Isomers By Gated-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry Negative Electron Transfer Dissociation Ms/Ms, Juan Wei, Jiandong Wu, Yang Tang, Mark E. Ridgeway, Melvin A. Park, Catherine E. Costello, Joseph Zaia, Cheng Lin
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) Play Vital Roles in Many Biological Processes and Are Naturally Present as Complex Mixtures of Polysaccharides with Tremendous Structural Heterogeneity, Including Many Structural Isomers. Mass Spectrometric Analysis of GAG Isomers, in Particular Highly Sulfated Heparin (Hep) and Heparan Sulfate (HS), is Challenging Because of their Structural Similarity and Facile Sulfo Losses during Analysis. Herein, We Show that Highly Sulfated Hep/HS Isomers May Be Resolved by Gated-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry (Gated-TIMS) with Negligible Sulfo Losses. Subsequent Negative Electron Transfer Dissociation (NETD) Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) Analysis of TIMS-Separated Hep/HS Isomers Generated Extensive Glycosidic and Cross-Ring Fragments for Confident Isomer …
The Effect Of Calcination Rate On The Structure Of Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
The Effect Of Calcination Rate On The Structure Of Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses, Saidur Rahman, Andrew Mendonca, Adel Alhalawani, Deanna Polintan, Owen M. Clarkin, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are designed to have high specific surface area. They are formulated by a sol–gel process to formulate the glass followed by calcination. This study evaluates how calcination heating rate influences the porous architecture, and thereby the specific surface area, of MBGs. MBGs of molar ratio 80:15:5 for SiO2 :CaO:P2 O 5 were calcined using both low (1 °C/min) and high (20 °C/min) heating rates, termed as L-MBG and H-MBG, respectively. The results obtained from small-angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) confirm that the MBGs possess 2D hexagonal (P6mm) spacing groups and wide-angle XRD confirms the amorphicity …
Carboxylic Acids Accelerate Acidic Environment-Mediated Nanoceria Dissolution,
2019
University of Kentucky
Carboxylic Acids Accelerate Acidic Environment-Mediated Nanoceria Dissolution, Robert A. Yokel, Matthew L. Hancock, Eric A. Grulke, Jason M. Unrine, Alan K. Dozier, Uschi M. Graham
Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications
Ligands that accelerate nanoceria dissolution may greatly affect its fate and effects. This project assessed the carboxylic acid contribution to nanoceria dissolution in aqueous, acidic environments. Nanoceria has commercial and potential therapeutic and energy storage applications. It biotransforms in vivo. Citric acid stabilizes nanoceria during synthesis and in aqueous dispersions. In this study, citrate-stabilized nanoceria dispersions (∼4 nm average primary particle size) were loaded into dialysis cassettes whose membranes passed cerium salts but not nanoceria particles. The cassettes were immersed in iso-osmotic baths containing carboxylic acids at pH 4.5 and 37 °C, or other select agents. Cerium atom material …
On Accounting For Equipment-Control Interactions In Economic Model Predictive Control Via Process State Constraints,
2019
Wayne State University
On Accounting For Equipment-Control Interactions In Economic Model Predictive Control Via Process State Constraints, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Traditionally, chemical processes have been operated at steady-state; however, recent work on economic model predictive control (EMPC) has indicated that some processes may be operated in a more economically-optimal fashion under a time-varying operating policy. It is unclear how time-varying operating policies may impact process equipment, which must be investigated for safety and profit reasons. It has traditionally been considered that constraints on process states can be added to EMPC design to prevent the controller from computing control actions which create problematic operating conditions for process equipment. However, no rigorous investigation has yet been performed to analyze whether, when a …
Increasing Salt Rejection Of Polybenzimidazole Nanofiltration Membranes Via The Addition Of Immobilized And Aligned Aquaporins,
2019
University of Kentucky
Increasing Salt Rejection Of Polybenzimidazole Nanofiltration Membranes Via The Addition Of Immobilized And Aligned Aquaporins, Priyesh Ashokrao Wagh, Xinyi Zhang, Ryan Blood, Peter M. Kekenes-Huskey, Prasangi Rajapaksha, Yinan Wei, Isabel C. Escobar
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Aquaporins are water channel proteins in cell membrane, highly specific for water molecules while restricting the passage of contaminants and small molecules, such as urea and boric acid. Cysteine functional groups were installed on aquaporin Z for covalent attachment to the polymer membrane matrix so that the proteins could be immobilized to the membranes and aligned in the direction of the flow. Depth profiling using x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) analysis showed the presence of functional groups corresponding to aquaporin Z modified with cysteine (Aqp-SH). Aqp-SH modified membranes showed a higher salt rejection as compared to unmodified membranes. For 2 M …
Model Predictive Automatic Control Of Sucker Rod Pump System With Simulation Case Study,
2019
Brigham Young University
Model Predictive Automatic Control Of Sucker Rod Pump System With Simulation Case Study, Brigham Hansen, Brandon Tolbert, Cory Vernon, John Hedengren
Faculty Publications
This work enables accelerated fluid recovery in oil and gas reservoirs by automatically controlling fluid height and bottomhole pressure in wells. Several literature studies show significant increase in recovered oil by determining a target bottomhole pressure but rarely consider how to control to that value. This work enables those benefits by maintaining bottomhole pressure or fluid height. Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) determines uncertain well parameters using only common surface measurements. A Model Predictive Controller (MPC) adjusts the stroking speed of a sucker rod pump to maintain fluid height. Pump boundary conditions are simulated with Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints (MPCCs) …
Preformed Partial Gel Injection Chased By Low-Salinity Waterflooding In Fractured Carbonate Cores,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Preformed Partial Gel Injection Chased By Low-Salinity Waterflooding In Fractured Carbonate Cores, Ali K. Alhuraishawy, Baojun Bai, Mingzhen Wei, Abdullah Almansour
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Fractures and oil-wet conditions significantly limit oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs. Gel treatment has been applied in injector wells to modify the prevailing reservoir streamlines and significantly reduce fracture permeability, whereas low-salinity waterflooding has been applied experimentally to modify rock wettability toward water-wet for improved oil recovery. However, both processes have limitations that cannot be resolved using a single method. The objective of this study was to test whether low-salinity water could enable gel particles to move deeply into fractures to efficiently increase oil recovery and control water production. A semitransparent fracture model of carbonate cores and acrylic plates was …
Raman Spectroscopy As A Predictive Tool For Monitoring Osteoporosis Therapy In A Rat Model Of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Raman Spectroscopy As A Predictive Tool For Monitoring Osteoporosis Therapy In A Rat Model Of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis, J. Renwick Beattie, Antonia Sophocleous, M. Clare Caraher, Olive O'Driscoll, Niamh M. Cummins, Steven E.J. Bell, Mark R. Towler, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Stuart H. Ralston, Aymen I. Idris
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Pharmacological therapy of osteoporosis reduces bone loss and risk of fracture in patients. Modulation of bone mineral density cannot explain all effects. Other aspects of bone quality affecting fragility and ways to monitor them need to be better understood. Keratinous tissue acts as surrogate marker for bone protein deterioration caused by oestrogen deficiency in rats. Ovariectomised rats were treated with alendronate (ALN), parathyroid hormone (PTH) or estrogen (E2). MicroCT assessed macro structural changes. Raman spectroscopy assessed biochemical changes. Micro CT confirmed that all treatments prevented ovariectomy-induced macro structural bone loss in rats. PTH induced macro structural changes unrelated to ovariectomy. …
Optimization Of The Catalytic Performance Of Pd/Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles Prepared Via Microwave-Assisted Synthesis For Pharmaceutical And Catalysis Applications,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Optimization Of The Catalytic Performance Of Pd/Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles Prepared Via Microwave-Assisted Synthesis For Pharmaceutical And Catalysis Applications, Hany A. Elazab, Tamer T. El-Idreesy
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Microwave assisted synthesis technique was used to prepare palladium supported on iron oxide nanoparticles. The advantage of using microwave irradiation as a synthetic tool is due to its unique features as a one step, simple, versatile, and rapid process. The reactants are added simply at room temperature without using high-temperature injection. Hydrazine hydrate was added by the following ratios (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.6, and 3) ml to the different prepared samples at room temperature in order to investigate its effect on the catalytic performance of the prepared catalysts. The prepared catalyst could be used as an …
Exploring The Effects Of Electrospun Fiber Surface Nanotopography On Neurite Outgrowth And Branching In Neuron Cultures,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Exploring The Effects Of Electrospun Fiber Surface Nanotopography On Neurite Outgrowth And Branching In Neuron Cultures, Anthony R. D'Amato, Devan L. Puhl, Alexis M. Ziemba, Christopher D.L. Johnson, Janneke Doedee, Jonathan Bao, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Three aligned, electro spun fiber scaffolds with unique surface features were created from poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). Fibers without surface nano topography (smooth fibers), fibers with surface divots (shallow pits), and fibers with surface pits (deeper pits) were fabricated, and fiber alignment, diameter, and density were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Whole dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were isolated from rats and placed onto uncoated fibers or fibers coated with laminin. On uncoated fibers, neurite outgrowth was restricted by fibers displaying devoted or pitted nano topography when compared to neurite outgrowth on smooth fibers. However, neurites extending from whole DRG cultured …
Fluorescence Of Cdse/Zns Quantum Dots In Toluene: Effect Of Cyclic Temperature,
2019
East China University of Science and Technology, China
Fluorescence Of Cdse/Zns Quantum Dots In Toluene: Effect Of Cyclic Temperature, Ting Chen, Weiling Luan, Shaofu Zhang, Fuqian Yang
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Quantum dots (QDs) are the potential material for the application in optical thermometry, and have been successfully applied to solar cells, LEDs, bio-labeling, structural health monitoring, etc. In this paper, we study the fluorescence properties of CdSe/ZnS QDs in toluene under the action of heating-cooling cycles. The experimental results show that, in a heating-cooling cycle, increasing temperature causes red-shift of the emission peak and the decrease of the PL intensity, and decreasing temperature causes blue-shift of the emission peak and the increase of the PL intensity. The surface structures of the QDs likely are dependent on the cycle numbers, which …
