Efficient Phosphate Removal From Water Using Ductile Cast Iron Waste: A Response Surface Methodology Approach, 2024 The British University in Egypt
Efficient Phosphate Removal From Water Using Ductile Cast Iron Waste: A Response Surface Methodology Approach, Mai Hassan Dr., Nada Alkhashab Eng., Ahmed Osman Dr., Dalia A. Ali Eng
Chemical Engineering
Water scarcity is a critical issue worldwide. This study explores a novel method for addressing this issue by using ductile cast iron (DCI) solid waste as an adsorbent for phosphate ions, supporting the circular economy in water remediation. The solid waste was characterized using XRD, XRF, FTIR, and particle size distribution. Wastewater samples of different phosphate ion concentrations are prepared, and the solid waste is used as an adsorbent to adsorb phosphate ions using different adsorbent doses and process time. The removal percentage is attained through spectrophotometer analysis and experimental results are optimized to get the optimum conditions using Design …
A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study Of Gas Hydrate Formation And Dissociation, 2024 Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study Of Gas Hydrate Formation And Dissociation, Meisam Adibifard
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The study of gas hydrates has increased significantly over the last two decades because of their potential application in energy storage, production and transportation, water desalination, refrigeration, gas separation, etc. There is a significant interest in commercially developing natural gas hydrates because the energy content of methane hydrate reservoirs (MHRs) is at least twice that of all conventional fossil fuels combined. Additionally, due to the higher storage capacity of hydrates, it is proposed to sequester CO2 in the form of CO2 hydrate, thereby reducing the amount of greenhouse gases. Hence, hydrates offer a dual solution to two of …
Green Synthesis Of Carbonized Chitosan-Fe3o4-Sio2 Nano-Composite For Adsorption Of Heavy Metals From Aqueous Solutions, 2024 The British University in Egypt
Green Synthesis Of Carbonized Chitosan-Fe3o4-Sio2 Nano-Composite For Adsorption Of Heavy Metals From Aqueous Solutions, Dalia A. Ali Eng, Rinad Galal Ali Eng.
Chemical Engineering
Water pollution with heavy metals owing to industrial and agricultural activities have become a critical dilemma to humans, plants as well as the marine environment. Therefore, it is of great importance that the carcinogenic heavy metals present in wastewater to be eliminated through designing treatment technologies that can remove multiple pollutants. A novel green magnetic nano-composite called (Carbonized Chitosan-Fe3O4-SiO2) was synthesized using Co-precipitation method to adsorb a mixture of heavy metal ions included; cobalt (Co2+), nickel (Ni2+) and copper (Cu2+) ions from aqueous solutions. The novelty of this study was the synthesis of a new
nano-composite which was green with …
Interaction Of Particles With Plasma And Shock Produced By Pulsed Spark Discharge, 2024 New Jersey Institute of Technology
Interaction Of Particles With Plasma And Shock Produced By Pulsed Spark Discharge, Shomik Mukhopadhyay
Dissertations
Interactions of powders with high-temperature plasma and shockwaves occur in diverse scenarios, such as nuclear blasts, accidental industrial dust explosions, solid propellant combustion in explosive charges and when removing contaminants from surfaces. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), known for generating shock and plasma, is a promising lab-scale technique for simulating these interactions. Studies with ESD involved placing powders near a spark-producing gap between electrodes and observing mechanical and chemical processes like particle motion and ignition. A limited range of spark conditions and material properties have been tested, which facilitated the development and validation of preliminary computational models describing this system. Significant gaps …
Smart Manufacturing Of Cement: From Lab-Scale Simulation And Testing To Industry-Scale Deployment., 2024 University of Louisville
Smart Manufacturing Of Cement: From Lab-Scale Simulation And Testing To Industry-Scale Deployment., Juan David Tabares Tamayo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cement kilns are controlled by experienced process operators who follow experience-based industry guidelines using data collected and fundamental knowledge. The manufacturing process, which is equipped with sensors and equipment, transfers data/information to the operators to aid standardized decision-making operations. In contrast, companies have used such data to develop and implement digital solutions for predictive control systems; in effect, FLSmidth and Rockwell Automation. However, despite the availability of automated control systems and investigation in automation for process monitoring and optimization, opportunities to radically optimize cement manufacturing are still abundant and in need of implementation. Therefore, this research developed simulation models and …
Upgrading Of Vapors And Gases From Pyrolysis To Valued Added Gaseous Products, 2024 Western University
Upgrading Of Vapors And Gases From Pyrolysis To Valued Added Gaseous Products, Ivan Santiago
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This MSc thesis explores biomass pyrolysis and reforming, aiming to convert biomass-derived vapors into useful gases for synthesis and fuel. The study focuses on transforming high molecular weight molecules, like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and volatile organic molecules such as acids, alcohols, and other substances formed during pyrolysis into essential gases like hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.
A dual-reactor system is employed: a CSTR for primary pyrolysis, followed by a PFR or PBR for secondary catalytic processing. Olivine is used as the catalyst.
The research compares three gas upgrading methods: thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, and catalytic steaming (reforming).
Results …
Research Of The Influence Of Physical And Chemical Properties Of Coal On The Gasification Process Using The Example Of Angren Brown Coal, 2024 Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan, PhD, Mr.murod_93@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2249-9925;
Research Of The Influence Of Physical And Chemical Properties Of Coal On The Gasification Process Using The Example Of Angren Brown Coal, Murodjon Mamitbekovich Kavkatbekov, Rakhimzhan Pachekhanovich Babakhodzhaev
Technical science and innovation
The influence of the properties of Angren brown on the process of layered gasification was studied. The dependence of the calorific value of the resulting gas on the quality characteristics of coal when using air as a gasifying agent has been established. Methods are shown for increasing the calorific value of gas obtained during the gasification process when using coal with different moisture content and different fractional composition. The features of technological processes in the reaction zones of a laboratory gas generator have been studied. Based on generally accepted methods, the volume fractions of flammable components, as well as the …
Benchmarking Of A Sco2 Heat Exchanger Flow Loop, 2024 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Benchmarking Of A Sco2 Heat Exchanger Flow Loop, David Velasco
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
Heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) was studied experimentally by commissioning a sCO2 flow loop featuring a horizontal tube-in-tube counterflow heat exchanger with a circular cross section. The main objective was to establish experimental heat transfer research capabilities for sCO2 at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University’s (ERAU) Thermal Science Lab. sCO2 experiences a drastic change in thermophysical properties near its critical point that results in unique heat transfer characteristics. The high pressures at which sCO2 exists make the large gradients in thermophysical and transport properties difficult to study, experimentally and numerically. However, understanding the heat transfer characteristics and thermophysical behavior of …
Thermo-Elasto-Plastic Stability Of Biaxially Loaded Hollow Rectangular Section Steel Beam-Columns With Applied Torsion, 2024 Old Dominion University
Thermo-Elasto-Plastic Stability Of Biaxially Loaded Hollow Rectangular Section Steel Beam-Columns With Applied Torsion, George Adomako Kumi
Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Presented herein is an experimental and theoretical study of biaxially loaded hollow rectangular section steel beam-columns with applied torsion at elevated temperatures. The theoretical analysis is based on a system of simultaneous materially nonlinear differential equations of equilibrium for which an iterative semi-analytic solution approach is formulated. Although the primary goal of this research is to study the influence of elevated temperatures on the steel member with the complex loading, rigorous analysis is also conducted of the member at ambient temperature for comparison. The experimental part of the study involves conducting tests on the members at both ambient and high …
Utilization Of Caputo Fractional Derivative In Mhd Nanofluid Flow With Soret And Thermal Radiation Effects, 2024 Ganpat University
Utilization Of Caputo Fractional Derivative In Mhd Nanofluid Flow With Soret And Thermal Radiation Effects, Harshad Patel, Gopal Nanda
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)
In existence of heat diffusion and thermal radiation, an analytical equation is found for unsteady MHD flow past an exponentially accelerating vertical plate in optically thick water based nanofluid. The governing equations are made dimensionless by similarity transformation. A definition of Caputo fractional derivative is applied to generalize governing system of partial differential equations. Laplace transform techniques are applied and obtained the analytical solutions of proposed problems. For a physical point of view, numerical results are obtained using MATLAB software and presented via graphs. From the results, it is concluded that magnetic fields tend to reduce velocity. It is also …
Thermal, Electrical, And Spin Transport: Encompassing Low-Damping Ferromagnets And Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Heterostructures, 2024 University of Denver
Thermal, Electrical, And Spin Transport: Encompassing Low-Damping Ferromagnets And Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Heterostructures, Matthew Ryan Natale
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Continuing technological advancements bring forth escalating challenges in global energy consumption and subsequent power dissipation, posing significant economic and environmental concerns. In response to these difficulties, the fields of thermoelectrics, spintronics, and spincaloritronics emerge as contemporary solutions, each presenting unique advantages. Thermoelectric devices, based on the Seebeck effect, other a passive, carbon-free energy generating solution from waste heat. Although current thermoelectric technology encounters hurdles in achieving optimal efficiencies without intricate designs or complex materials engineering, recently research into low-damping metallic ferromagnetic thin films have provided a new method to enhance spin wave lifetimes, thus contributing to thermoelectric voltage improvements. As …
Causational Analysis And Rectification Of Issues Concerning Scale Formation On Hot-Rolled Straight Bar Product And Its Effects On Ultrasonic Testing, 2024 The University of Akron
Causational Analysis And Rectification Of Issues Concerning Scale Formation On Hot-Rolled Straight Bar Product And Its Effects On Ultrasonic Testing, Riley Mattix
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
At Charter Steel's NDT Processing Plant located in Cleveland, Ohio, a concern has arisen regarding the recently implemented bar straightening and UT (Ultrasonic Testing) equipment. A substantial amount of mill scale, which is typically removed during the straightening process, is persisting on the bar’s surface throughout most of the NDT procedure. This lingering scale has been observed to flake off once inside the UT equipment, introducing unwanted noise and phantom peaks into the UT readings. Additionally, thick mill scale has been identified as a source of background interference in the received data. In contrast, bars that have been subjected to …
Type-B Energetic Processes: Their Identification And Implications, 2024 Old Dominion University
Type-B Energetic Processes: Their Identification And Implications, James Weifu Lee
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
We have now identified two thermodynamically distinct types (A and B) of energetic processes naturally occurring on Earth. Type-A energy processes, such as classical heat engines, apparently well follow the second law of thermodynamics; Type-B energy processes, such as the newly discovered thermotrophic function that isothermally utilizes environmental heat energy to perform useful work in driving ATP synthesis, follow the first law of thermodynamics (conservation of mass and energy) but do not have to be constrained by the second law, owing to their special asymmetric functions. Several Type-B energy processes such as asymmetric function-gated isothermal electricity production and epicatalysis have …
Investigation Of Operational Parameter Differences Between The Standard Ron Test Method And Knock-Limited Modern Spark-Ignition Engine Operation, 2024 Michigan Technological University
Investigation Of Operational Parameter Differences Between The Standard Ron Test Method And Knock-Limited Modern Spark-Ignition Engine Operation, Alexander Hoth
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Octane numbers (ONs) are used worldwide to rate the knock propensity of gasoline-like fuels for spark-ignition engines, making ONs the leading indicator of fuel quality for commercial distribution. The ONs were established 90 years ago and have only received minor changes compared to significant advancements in modern engine operation and fuel composition. This has resulted in discrepancies between knock-limited modern engine operation and standard ON ratings. This dissertation used a standard CFR octane rating engine at Argonne National Laboratory that was instrumented with modern combustion research tools to investigate key differences between the Research Octane Number (RON) rating conditions and …
Effects Of Electron Beam Irradiation On Crmnv And Crmntiv High Entropy Alloys: Nano-Mechanical, Structural, And Thermodynamic Perspectives, 2024 Old Dominion University
Effects Of Electron Beam Irradiation On Crmnv And Crmntiv High Entropy Alloys: Nano-Mechanical, Structural, And Thermodynamic Perspectives, N. A. Sultana, Y. S. Mohammed, S. J. Pendleton, J. Vennekate, G. Ciovati, X. Li, H. Baumgart, A. A. Elmustafa
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
Beam exit windows are crucial components of any particle accelerator as they provide an interface between the beamline vacuum and target material at atmospheric media. For high beam power machines, special materials and designs are required to withstand high radiation and mechanical loads, while minimizing energy loss during transition and maximizing window lifetime. This research investigates the impact of electron beam exposure to bulk CrMnV and CrMnTiV high entropy alloys (HEAs) with the primary goal of identifying suitable candidate materials for the design of robust and durable exit window settings. The selection criteria include intrinsic characteristics, power dissipation, and mechanical …
Supported Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis: Precursor Deposition And Agglomeration At Support Surfaces, 2024 Virginia Commonwealth University
Supported Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis: Precursor Deposition And Agglomeration At Support Surfaces, Edward H. Chandler Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Catalysis is a critical component of the chemical manufacturing industry. For example, it has been estimated to be essential to more than 90% of the major industrial processes developed during the middle years of the 20th century.1 Heterogeneously supported transition metal catalysts in particular have many benefits such as easy separability from the reaction mixture and high thermal stability. One method of synthesizing these is wet impregnation, wherein a metal solution is brought into contact with an oxide- or carbon-based powder. Given optimal environmental conditions, a metal will adhere to the surface through electrostatic means in a process …
Mathematical Modeling Of Coupled Heat And Mass Transfer In Metal-Hydride Hydrogen Storage Systems, 2024 Georgia Southern University
Mathematical Modeling Of Coupled Heat And Mass Transfer In Metal-Hydride Hydrogen Storage Systems, Muhammad Hasnain
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As a promising clean energy carrier hydrogen has recently gained significant interest, but its efficient and safe storage is a major challenge. Compared to the gaseous state and liquid state, metal hydrides (MH) offer a potentially more effective storage approach for hydrogen. However, the main challenge in this approach is the low thermal conductivity of the MH bed that leads to low heat transfer and ultimately to higher charging and discharging times. The purpose of this work is to develop an in-house comprehensive heat and mass transfer model for hydrogen sorption in MH reactors to simulate the dynamic behavior of …
Carbon Dioxide Gasification Of Biochar: A Study On Utilizing Captured Co2 To Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emission And Improving Carbon Conversion Efficiency, Nnamdi Ofuani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With rapidly growing global economies and world population, fossil fuel continues to play a major role in meeting current energy demands. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies have, hence, been implemented to reduce CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. With the implementation of CCS technologies comes the need to utilize the captured CO2. This research, therefore, proposes CO2 gasification of biochar as a viable carbon utilization pathway. With captured CO2 coming at various concentrations, there is a need to understand how CO2 concentration affects biochar conversion to useful products. This study, therefore, evaluates the effects …
Microplate-Like Metal Pyrophosphate Engineered On Ni-Foam Towards Multifunctional Electrode Material For Energy Conversion And Storage, 2023 Pittsburg State University
Microplate-Like Metal Pyrophosphate Engineered On Ni-Foam Towards Multifunctional Electrode Material For Energy Conversion And Storage, Rishabh Srivastava
Electronic Theses & Dissertations
High clean energy demand, dire need for sustainable development, and low carbon footprints are the few intuitive challenges, leading researchers to aim for research and development for high-performance energy devices. The development of materials used in energy devices is currently focused on enhancing the performance, electronic properties, and durability of devices. Tunning the attributes of transition metals using pyrophosphate (P2O7) ligand moieties can be a promising approach to meet the requirements of energy devices such as water electrolyzers and supercapacitors, although such a material’s configuration is rarely exposed for this purpose of study.
Herein, we grow …
Assessing The Thermodynamic Potential Of Deep Eutectic Solvents In The Absorption Of Greenhouse Gases Through Computational Methods, 2023 Florida Institute of Technology
Assessing The Thermodynamic Potential Of Deep Eutectic Solvents In The Absorption Of Greenhouse Gases Through Computational Methods, Thomas Michael Quaid
Theses and Dissertations
Greenhouse gas (GHG) capture is a fundamental technology in the fight against climate change. Some species of devastating GHGs like fluorinated compounds are released directly to the air from industrial processes. Some GHGs are co-produced in sustainably derived biofuels which require absorptive upgrading. The development of more efficient, cost effective, and environmentally friendly methods of capturing GHG’s from pollutant sources and industrial streams is of utmost importance in the fight against climate change. Deep eutectic solvents have entered the separations stage as potential disruptors to conventional solvent choices for a variety of applications. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are compounds of …