Biochemical and Biomolecular Engineering Commons^™

Challenges To Levulinic Acid And Humins Valuation In The Sugarcane Bagasse Biorefinery Concept, Emília Savioli Lopes, Jean Felipe Leal Silva, Elmer Ccopa Rivera, Alana Petrina Gomes, Melina Savioli Lopes, Rubens Maciel Filho, Laura Plazas Tovar

Faculty Publications

© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Levulinic acid (LA) is currently one of the most promising chemicals derived from biomass. However, its large-scale production is hampered by the challenges in biomass hydrolysis and the poor selectivity due to the formation of humins (HUs). This study addresses these challenges using the biorefinery concept of biomass fractionation. A three-step process (pretreatment, delignification, and acid-catalyzed conversion) was optimized to produce LA from SCB considering the yield (YLA), efficiency (ELA), and concentration of LA (CLA) as functions of temperature, reaction time, acid concentration, and solids loading. By means of a …

Alumina Ceramic Membrane Incorporated With Graphene Oxide Frameworks For Protein Recovery, Ishak Noor Fauziyah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Alumina ceramic membrane is undergoing rapid development and innovation for protein recovery process. However, the limitation of this membrane type is membrane fouling due to the deposition and adsorption of proteins on the surface and pore walls of the membranes. It is crucial to minimize membrane fouling by reducing interactions between protein and the membrane surface via surface modification technique. Thus, the main objective of this research is to develop an alumina membrane with enhanced antifouling property for protein recovery process. An alumina dope consisting of 57 wt.% alumina loading was used to fabricate two alumina membrane configurations; which are …

Waste Cooking Oil Classification Using Artificial Intelligence Technology, Kar Sin Lau

Student Works (2020-2029)

Palm oil – one of the most common edible oil consumed in Malaysia. It is because Malaysia is one of the countries which supply palm oil to the global market and it is cheap to obtain for the consumer in Malaysia. Most of the Malaysian consume it via food preparation such as deep-frying and cooking. However, due to widely available for Malaysians, consumers also lacking awareness in dealing after using the edible oil. Most of the household consumers discard excess waste cooking oil (WCO) into sewage and with courtesy, some of them stored them in containers and sell to NGOs. …

Optimization Of Bioethanol Production, Engine Performance And Exhaust Emissions From Manihot Glaziovii And Sweet Sorghum In A Spark Ignition Engine, Sebayang Abdi Hanra

Student Works (2020-2029)

The ever-increasing fossil fuel consumption over the years is attributable to economic and population growth, which in turn, increases greenhouse gas emissions. Bioethanol is one of the promising solutions to address the depletion of fossil fuels as well as environmental problems. Manihot glaziovii tubers and sweet sorghum grains are inedible feedstocks that can be used for bioethanol production. The carbohydrate content (70%) of these biomasses makes them suitable as feedstocks for bioethanol production. In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis (liquefaction and saccharification) was used to obtain the reduction of sugars. The enzymes α-amylase from Bacillus licheniformis Type XII-A and amyloglucosidase from …

Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Supramolecular Complexes Of Glycirrizinic Acid With Phytohormones, Djuraev Tulqin, Esanov Rakhmatillo, Gafurov Makhmudjon, Kushiev Khabibjon

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The process of formation of supramolecular complexes of glycyrrhizinic acid with some phytohormones (indolylacetic acid, indolylbutyric acid, α-naphthyl acetic acid and kinetin) were studied with the aim of creation the plant growth stimulator. The complexes structure was studied using IR and UV spectroscopy methods. The prepared compounds described by some physicochemical parameters. The stability constants and stoichiometric composition of complexes were determined in an aqueous solution at pH of 7,2 using UV spectrometry method. In result, all complexes have composition as 1:1 ratio, except the kinetin complex which has 2:1 ratio. The stability constants were equal: KGA:IAA=1,86±1×104; KGA:IBA=2,51±1×103; KGA:NAA =2,70±1×103 …

Study Of The Process For The Removal Of Dyeing Matters Of The Plant Occimum Basilicum L. Lamiaceae, Usmonjonova Khulkar, Atkhamova Saida, Dodaev Kuchkor

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the work is dedicated isolation of anthocyanins by ethanol from herbal plant of Occimum basilicum L. Lamiaceae basis. The were studied influencing of temperature, concentration of ethanol to isolation of anthocyanins. There were passed investigations on studying influence level of heating and hydromodule system of rav material-solvent to maximal isolating of anthocyanins. The colors define by fotokolorometrical method at wave length 400-600 nm. There are shown at 540 nm maximal peak of anthocyanins and it is geven as a grapfical diagram. From the obtained depends on content of alcohol in aquatic solution from outlet of colors is …

Study Of Recombinant Protein Fractions From The Bombyx Mori And Pichia Pastoris Using "Native Page" Method, Abdurhakhmanov Aloliddin, Sasmakov Sobirdjan, Khasanov Shuhrat, Ashirov Оybek

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

We have studied the recombinant protein fractions of ̴ 24-34 kDa obtained from Bombyx mori - silkworm larvae and yeast Pichia pastoris. Fractions, containing the recombinant proteins by gel-electrophoresis using the “Native PAGE” method, which allows for differentiation of proteins according to their natural (surface) charge and conformational properties were studied. The results showed that the recombinant protein fraction from Bombyx mori (̴ 34 kDa) consisted of four components and fraction from Pichia pastoris (̴ 24 kDa) consisted one component. The most optimal conditions for the “Native PAGE”- the main gel: Tris HCl (pH-8.8) 244 mM, Bis-Acrylamide 10%, TEMED 0.08%, …

Metabolic Network Analysis Of Filamentous Cyanobacteria, Daniel Alexis Norena-Caro

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Cyanobacteria were the first organisms to use oxygenic photosynthesis, converting CO₂ into useful organic chemicals. However, the chemical industry has historically relied on fossil raw materials to produce organic precursors, which has contributed to global warming. Thus, cyanobacteria have emerged as sustainable stakeholders for biotechnological production. The filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. UTEX 2576 can metabolize multiple sources of Nitrogen and was studied as a platform for biotechnological production of high-value chemicals (i.e., pigments, antioxidants, vitamins and secondary metabolites). From a Chemical engineering perspective, the biomass generation in this organism was thoroughly studied by interpreting the cell as a microbial …

A Review Of The Latest Insights Into The Mechanism Of Action Of Strontium In Bone, Daniella Marx, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Interest in strontium (Sr) has persisted over the last three decades due to its unique mechanism of action: it simultaneously promotes osteoblast function and inhibits osteoclast function. While this mechanism of action is strongly supported by in vitro studies and small animal trials, recent large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated that orally administered strontium ranelate (SrRan) may have no anabolic effect on bone formation in humans. Yet, there is a strong correlation between Sr accumulation in bone and reduced fracture risk in post-menopausal women, suggesting Sr acts via a purely physiochemical mechanism to enhance bone strength. Conversely, the local administration of …

The Role Of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) In Management Of Bone Loss And Infection In Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Review, Leyla Hasandoost, Omar Rodriguez, Adel Alhalawani, Paul Zalzal, Emil H. Schemitsch, Stephen D. Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is widely used in joint arthroplasty to secure an implant to the host bone. Complications including fracture, bone loss and infection might cause failure of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), resulting in the need for revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). The goals of this paper are: (1) to identify the most common complications, outside of sepsis, arising from the application of PMMA following rTKA, (2) to discuss the current applications and drawbacks of employing PMMA in managing bone loss, (3) to review the role of PMMA in addressing bone infection following complications in rTKA. Papers published between …

Catalytic Esterification Of Palm-Based Lauric Acid Diethylene Glycol Via Microwave Heating, Abas Noor Azeerah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Diethylene glycol esters of fatty acids are mixtures of diethylene glycol mono- and di-esters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids derived from edible oils and fats. The products are produced either by direct esterification of diethylene glycol with fatty acids or by transesterification of diethylene glycol with oils or fats. This study involved in maximizing the conversion of lauric acid to glycol ester via esterification with diethylene glycol, aided by calcined Zn-Mg-Al catalyst in a 250-ml reactor using both conventional and microwave heating. Preliminary catalytic screening involving tin (II) oxalate, Amberlyst-15 and calcined Zn-Mg-Al catalysts in esterification of lauric acid …

Kinetic Insights Into The Lignocellulosic Biomass-Based Levulinic Acid Production By A Mechanistic Model, Emília Savioli Lopes, Elmer Ccopa Rivera, Julio César De Jesus Gariboti, Luis Henrique Zimmermann Feistel, João Vitor Dutra, Rubens Maciel Filho, Laura Plazas Tovar

Faculty Publications

© 2020, Springer Nature B.V. Abstract: In this work, a mechanistic model was developed to simulate the kinetics of the production of levulinic acid (LA) from sugarcane bagasse (SCB), rice husk (RH) and soybean straw (SS). The production of LA from those agro-industrial wastes followed the methodology of biorefining in three stages. Experimental data from the third stage (catalytic depolymerization of cellulose) obtained under a wide range of operating conditions were used to estimate the parameters of the model. An optimization procedure based on a genetic algorithm was used to determine the optimal parameter values. The prediction of the concentrations …

Solution To Exide Technologies Inbatec Inefficiency, Spencer Christian, Shixuan Hou, Mary Fairley, Reagan Gilker, Covenson Latouche

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The inefficiency of the battery charging time in Inbatec Units 1 and 2 in the Exide Technologies Fort Smith was initially investigated by a student team in Fall 2019, and the investigation was continued into Spring 2020. The Exide Technologies facility in Fort Smith, Arkansas utilizes 13 Inbatec units to charge the lead-acid batteries. The Inbatec systems circulate the sulfuric acid solution through a cooling tower to maintain to optimal charging temperature. Previous analysis of the charging process for Inbatec Units 1 and 2 show the cooling tower have the capacity to quickly remove the excess heat in the sulfuric …

Solution To Exide Technologies Inbatec Inefficiency, Shixuan Hou, Reagan Gilker, Mary Fairley, Spencer Christian, Covenson Latouche

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The inefficiency of the battery charging time in Inbatec Units 1 and 2 in the Exide Technologies Fort Smith was initially investigated by a student team in Fall 2019, and the investigation was continued into Spring 2020. The Exide Technologies facility in Fort Smith, Arkansas utilizes 13 Inbatec units to charge the lead-acid batteries. The Inbatec systems circulate the sulfuric acid solution through a cooling tower to maintain to optimal charging temperature. Previous analysis of the charging process for Inbatec Units 1 and 2 show the cooling tower have the capacity to quickly remove the excess heat in the sulfuric …

Addition Of Fermentation Experiment To Unit Operations Laboratory, Jeremy T. Rone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the growth of the distillery and brewery industries and the potential jobs created for chemical engineers, it is imperative to equip the chemical engineering graduates from the University of Louisville with knowledge of bioreaction kinetics and experience in performing calculations to solve for concentration profiles and reaction rates. To accomplish this, it is recommended to add a fermentation experiment to the Unit Operations Laboratory II course.

Four groups of students from the Spring 2020 Unit Operations Laboratory II course performed the fermentation experiment. They were able to successfully complete all lab requirements as well as analyze the results and …

Peptoid And Antibody-Based Gfp Sensors, Solomon Isu

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this work, we have made and characterized a pair of immunobiosensors for detecting the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in an aqueous matrix. An anti-GFP antibody-based biosensor was assembled to detect GFP, while a novel peptoid (N-substituted oligomers of glycine designated as IOS-1) biosensor was also assembled for GFP detection. A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) gold sensor was used as the supporting substrate for self-assembly of the immunobiosensors. Gravimetric measurements of the QCM gold sensor during immunobiosensor construction and operation were available in real-time using a QCM instrument. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Fluorescence microscopy were used …

Oxidized Phospholipid Regulation Of Chronic Inflammation In Endothelial Cells, Cameron Scott Brutsche

Masters Theses

Atherosclerosis, the primary cause of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), has become one of the top causes of death in the world. As low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles become trapped and oxidized inside arterial walls, the primary oxidation products of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylcholine (PAPC) induce the binding of monocytes which can potentially lead to fatty plaque build ups. A fragment of one of these oxidation products, OxPAPC, has previously been studied and can act as standard for testing new phospholipids and how they affect protein expression levels. The central hypothesis of this study was that three newly studied classes of oxidized fatty …

Production Of Renewable Hydrocarbon Fuel Via Titanium Oxide-Alumina (Tio2-Al2o3) Catalytic Deoxygenation Reaction, Xian Yih Ooi

Student Works (2020-2029)

The renewable hydrocarbon-like biofuel from biomass is crucial to substitute fossil fuel. Catalytic deoxygenation is a biofuel upgrading process to eliminate the high oxygen content in biofuel which will lead to corrosion, instability and lower heating value problems. The choice of support is significant to provide the maximum acid strength for the hydrogenolysis of C-O bonds. Al2O3 supported catalyst has drawn attention due to the high acidity. However, the high acidity leads to coke deposition, unstable and deactivation of the catalyst. Thus, it is important to develop methods to improve catalyst performance, reduce catalyst coking and enhance catalyst lifetime. Recently, …

Fabrication Of Perovskite Solar Cells At Uah, Natalie Mann

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Diode Laser Application On Chemical Analysis And Surface Microhardness Of White Spots Enamel Lesions With Two Remineralizing Agents, Lamiaa Mahmoud Moharam, Doaa Mohamed Sadony, Shaymaa Mohamed Nagi

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: To investigate the effect of diode laser application and two commercial remineralizing agents on the remineralization and surface microhardness of white spot enamel lesions. Material and Methods: Sixty specimens were prepared then equally divided into six groups (n=10/group), according to the diode laser and the two commercial remineralizing agents applied to demineralized enamel surfaces (APF gel and sodium fluoride NaF mousse) with or without diode Laser application as follows; Group A; control, Group B; diode Laser application, Group C; APF gel application, Group D; NaF mousse application, Group E; APF gel application + diode Laser, Group F; NaF mousse …