Comparative Evaluation Of Two Glass Polyalkenoate Cements: An In Vivo Pilot Study Using A Sheep Model,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Comparative Evaluation Of Two Glass Polyalkenoate Cements: An In Vivo Pilot Study Using A Sheep Model, Leyla Hasandoost, Daniella Marx, Paul Zalzal, Oleg Safir, Mark Hurtig, Cina Mehrvar, Stephen D. Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is used to manage bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). However, the application of PMMA has been associated with complications such as volumetric shrinkage, necrosis, wear debris, and loosening. Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have potential bone cementation applications. Unlike PMMA, GPC does not undergo volumetric shrinkage, adheres chemically to bone, and does not undergo an exothermic setting reaction. In this study, two different compositions of GPCs (GPCA and GPCB), based on the patented glass system SiO2-CaO-SrO-P2O5-Ta2O5, were investigated. Working and setting times, pH, ion release, …
Threshold Concentration And Random Collision Determine The Growth Of The Huntingtin Inclusion From A Stable Core,
2021
CUNY York College
Threshold Concentration And Random Collision Determine The Growth Of The Huntingtin Inclusion From A Stable Core, Sen Pei, Theresa C. Swayne, Jeffrey F. Morris, Lesley Emtage
Publications and Research
The processes underlying formation and growth of unfolded protein inclusions are relevant to neurodegenerative diseases but poorly characterized in living cells. In S. cerevisiae, inclusions formed by mutant huntingtin (mHtt) have some characteristics of biomolecular condensates but the physical nature and growth mechanisms of inclusion bodies remain unclear. We have probed the relationship between concentration and inclusion growth in vivo and find that growth of mHtt inclusions in living cells is triggered at a cytoplasmic threshold concentration, while reduction in cytoplasmic mHtt causes inclusions to shrink. The growth rate is consistent with incorporation of new material through collision and coalescence. …
The Effects Of Ceria Loading On Three-Way Catalysts For Passive Scr Operation,
2021
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
The Effects Of Ceria Loading On Three-Way Catalysts For Passive Scr Operation, Calvin R. Thomas, Josh A. Pihl, Vitaly Y. Prikhodko, Michelle K. Kidder, Jochen A. Lauterbach, Todd J. Toops
Faculty Publications
Passive SCR systems, which employ both a three-way catalyst and SCR catalyst, are effective for the reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from lean burn gasoline engines. However, questions remain regarding the effect of three-way catalyst formulations on their performance in these systems. Here, Pd/CeOx/Al2O3 catalysts with variable CeOx loading were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated to determine the effects of CeOx on catalyst performance. While a small amount of ceria was beneficial for promoting essential reactions, excess ceria was detrimental due to the increase in oxygen storage capacity. Additionally, insights into potential reaction pathways for NH3 production were determined.
In Vitro Osteogenic Performance Of Two Novel Strontium And Zinc-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
In Vitro Osteogenic Performance Of Two Novel Strontium And Zinc-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Daniella Marx, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) are under investigation as potential bone adhesives, as they may provide an alternative to polymethylmethacrylate-based cements. GPCs containing strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) in place of aluminum (Al) are of particular interest because these ions are known stimulators of osteoprogenitor differentiation. GPCs have been manufactured from a novel bioactive glass (SiO2:0.48, ZnO:0.36, CaO:0.12, SrO:0.04) in the past, but, while such materials have been assessed for their influence on viability, their influence on osteogenic function has not been investigated until now. For this study, two GPCs were formulated from the same glass precursor evaluated in previous studies. …
The Effects Of Ceria Loading On Three-Way Catalysts For Passive Scr Operation,
2021
University of South Carolina - Columbia
The Effects Of Ceria Loading On Three-Way Catalysts For Passive Scr Operation, Calvin R. Thomas, Josh A. Pihl, Vitaly Y. Prikhodko, Michelle K. Kidder, Jochen A. Lauterbach, Todd J. Toops
Faculty Publications
Passive SCR systems, which employ both a three-way catalyst and SCR catalyst, are effective for the reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from lean burn gasoline engines. However, questions remain regarding the effect of three-way catalyst formulations on their performance in these systems. Here, Pd/CeOx/Al2O3 catalysts with variable CeOx loading were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated to determine the effects of CeOx on catalyst performance. While a small amount of ceria was beneficial for promoting essential reactions, excess ceria was detrimental due to the increase in oxygen storage capacity. Additionally, insights into potential reaction pathways for NH3 production were determined.
Methane Emission Treatment And Potential Upcycling Using Methylomicrobium Alcaliphilum,
2021
Utah State University
Methane Emission Treatment And Potential Upcycling Using Methylomicrobium Alcaliphilum, Jace Parkinson
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Anthropogenic methane emissions are harmful to the environment and can be difficult to treat. Use of M. alcaliphilum for bioremediation of methane looks to be one of the most promising methods of reducing the negative environmental impacts of methane emissions while simultaneously providing an economic incentive. Successful bioreactor design for M. alcaliphilum based methane treatment requires biokinetic constants and microbial growth information. Methods were established for determining biokinetic constants, including growth rate, biomass yield, specific methane consumption rate, and a correlation between methane oxidation and carbon dioxide production for M. alcaliphilum. Values determined for these constants were used to …
Rheological Properties Of Aged Crude Hard Wood Pyrolysis Oil,
2021
University of Dar es salaam
Rheological Properties Of Aged Crude Hard Wood Pyrolysis Oil, Divina D. Kaombe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Upon storage of the pyrolysis oil, aging reactions may initiate phase separation and change of the rheological properties. These changes lead to unfavourable fuel characteristics in handling, transportation and applications. Efforts have been made for alleviation including methods on how to avoid these aging effects and development of equipment capable of handling aged pyrolysis liquids with unfavourable fuel characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the rheological properties of phase separated pyrolysis liquid fuel. Two batches of a well – stored poplar wood pyrolysis oils were used for the investigation; one batch was diluted with water to …
Finite Element Modelling And Exergy Analysis Of A Solar Thermal Hollow Fiber Vacuum Membrane Distillation System,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Finite Element Modelling And Exergy Analysis Of A Solar Thermal Hollow Fiber Vacuum Membrane Distillation System, Benjamin Shuldes
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
A finite element model was developed to investigate the performance of a vacuum membrane distillation module under various operating conditions and membrane parameters. Porosity, tortuosity, pore diameter, membrane thickness, and fiber length were varied along with feed temperature, velocity, and flow configuration. In all cases, boundary layer polarization phenomena were seen to inhibit the performance of the module. At certain conditions, for a 7.5 cm fiber, the reduction in permeate flux from 65 LMH (Liter/m2/h) at the inlet to below 45 LMH at the outlet of the fibers was observed. In most cases, salt concentration polarization was the …
Metabolic Modeling And Omics-Integrative Analysis Of Single And Multi-Organism Systems: Discovery And Redesign,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Metabolic Modeling And Omics-Integrative Analysis Of Single And Multi-Organism Systems: Discovery And Redesign, Mohammad Mazharul Islam
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Computations and modeling have emerged as indispensable tools that drive the process of understanding, discovery, and redesign of biological systems. With the accelerating pace of genome sequencing and annotation information generation, the development of computational pipelines for the rapid reconstruction of high-quality genome-scale metabolic networks has received significant attention. These models provide a rich tapestry for computational tools to quantitatively assess the metabolic phenotypes for various systems-level studies and to develop engineering interventions at the DNA, RNA, or enzymatic level by careful tuning in the biophysical modeling frameworks. in silico genome-scale metabolic modeling algorithms based on the concept of optimization, …
Degumming Of Hemp Fibers Using Combined Microwave Energy And Deep Eutectic Solvent,
2021
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Degumming Of Hemp Fibers Using Combined Microwave Energy And Deep Eutectic Solvent, Bulbul Ahmed
LSU Master's Theses
Hemp is considered as one of the sustainable agricultural fiber materials. Degumming or surface modification of hemp bast is needed to produce single fibers for ensuing textile and industrial applications. The traditional degumming process necessitates a high amount of alkali, which causes detrimental environmental pollution. This study offers a new method to degum hemp fibers with reduced use of harmful alkali and precious water resources. In this work, hemp bast fibers were degummed by using combined microwave energy and deep eutectic solvent (DES). The properties of hemp fibers manufactured by this method were investigated and compared with the traditional alkali …
A Portable Point-Of-Care Device Using Joule Heating And Latent Energy Storage For The Temperature Regulation Of Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
A Portable Point-Of-Care Device Using Joule Heating And Latent Energy Storage For The Temperature Regulation Of Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests, Aubrey Lynn Schultz
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Accurate and early diagnosis of infectious diseases extremely important. Rapid diagnosis allows for effective treatment and increases the chance for recovery without complications. Additionally, the ability to test the populace frequently, swiftly, and affordably significantly aids in containing wide-scale outbreaks. In terms of specificity and sensitivity, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) are one of the best options for diagnosing infectious diseases. Isothermal NAATS present a unique opportunity to create diagnostic tests deployed at a Point-of-Care (POC) level. Specifically, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) have the potential to deliver reliable POC diagnostics in low-resource settings. When designing …
Investigation Of Membrane Based Processes For Biomedical Applications,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Investigation Of Membrane Based Processes For Biomedical Applications, Efecan Pakkaner
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
As substantial developments were achieved in nanotechnology and polymer engineering, especially in the last few decades, the use of membranes and membrane-based procedures was found to be expanding into more and more research and development areas; including biological engineering, life sciences and biomedical engineering. Not only have they been the main focus of meaningful research, but they have also been the main pieces of the solutions to very thorny problems encountered within a wide range of applications from microfluidics to water treatment, thanks to their versatility, cost-effectiveness and biocompatibility, when compared to conventional separation techniques. To celebrate and embrace these …
Creation And Application Of Various Tools For The Reconstruction, Curation, And Analysis Of Genome-Scale Models Of Metabolism,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Creation And Application Of Various Tools For The Reconstruction, Curation, And Analysis Of Genome-Scale Models Of Metabolism, Wheaton L. Schroeder
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Systems biology uses mathematics tools, modeling, and analysis for holistic understanding and design of biological systems, allowing the investigation of metabolism and the generation of actionable hypotheses based on model analyses. Detailed here are several systems biology tools for model reconstruction, curation, analysis, and application through synthetic biology. The first, OptFill, is a holistic (whole model) and conservative (minimizing change) tool to aid in genome-scale model (GSM) reconstructions by filling metabolic gaps caused by lack of system knowledge. This is accomplished through Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP), one step of which may also be independently used as an additional curation …
Nano-Enhanced Bioremediation For Oil Spills: A Review,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Nano-Enhanced Bioremediation For Oil Spills: A Review, Amber J. Pete, Bhuvnesh Bharti, Michael G. Benton
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Oil seepage and spills have lasting detrimental effects on the environment, especially on nearby marine ecosystems. Despite quick and safe removal of contaminating oil being of utmost importance, remediation methods have remained largely unchanged over the last 20+ years. Removal methods such as skimmers, in situ burning, and sorbents can be difficult to implement in inclement weather. Marine microorganisms consume spilled oil as a primary energy source in a method known as bioremediation. Recently the introduction of nanoparticles to areas contaminated by oil has emerged as a potential method to enhance the efficacy of oil degradation by marine microorganisms. Nanoparticles …
A Wirelessly Controlled Scalable 3d-Printed Microsystem For Drug Delivery,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
A Wirelessly Controlled Scalable 3d-Printed Microsystem For Drug Delivery, Farzad Forouzandeh, Nuzhet N. Ahamed, Xiaoxia Zhu, Parveen Bazard, Krittika Goyal, Joseph P. Walton, Robert D. Frisina, David A. Borkholder
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Here we present a 3D-printed, wirelessly controlled microsystem for drug delivery, comprising a refillable micro reservoir and a phase-change peristaltic micropump. The micropump structure was inkjet-printed on the back of a printed circuit board around a catheter microtubing. The enclosure of the microsystem was fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing, with an embedded micro reservoir structure and integrated micropump. In one configuration, the microsystem was optimized for murine inner ear drug delivery with an overall size of 19 x 13 x 3 mm3. Benchtop results confirmed the performance of the device for reliable drug delivery. The suitability of the device for …
Roles Of Key Ion Channels And Transport Proteins In Age-Related Hearing Loss,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Roles Of Key Ion Channels And Transport Proteins In Age-Related Hearing Loss, Parveen Bazard, Robert D. Frisina, Alejandro A. Acosta, Sneha Dasgupta, Mark A. Bauer, Xiaoxia Zhu, Bo Ding
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The auditory system is a fascinating sensory organ that overall, converts sound signals to electrical signals of the nervous system. Initially, sound energy is converted to mechanical energy via amplification processes in the middle ear, followed by transduction of mechanical movements of the oval window into electrochemical signals in the cochlear hair cells, and finally, neural signals travel to the central auditory system, via the auditory division of the 8th cranial nerve. The majority of people above 60 years have some form of age-related hearing loss, also known as presbycusis. However, the biological mechanisms of presbycusis are complex and not …
A Gallium-Doped Cement For The Treatment Of Bone Cancers. The Effect Of Zno ↔ Ga2o3substitution Of An Ionomeric Glass Series On The Rheological, Mechanical, Ph And Ion-Eluting Properties Of Their Corresponding Glass Polyalkenoate Cements,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
A Gallium-Doped Cement For The Treatment Of Bone Cancers. The Effect Of Zno ↔ Ga2o3substitution Of An Ionomeric Glass Series On The Rheological, Mechanical, Ph And Ion-Eluting Properties Of Their Corresponding Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Sunjeev Phull, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The primary treatment for patients suffering from bone cancers is resection of the tumor followed by reconstruction of the damaged bone. Despite the administration of post-operative chemotherapy, tumor recurrence continues to present itself as a severe complication leading to re-operation. Attempts to incorporate chemotherapeutic drugs into bone cements elicits local toxic effects on healthy bone, which could compromise implant fixation. Alternatively, the local administration of gallium (Ga) may prove to be more effective. This report considers the development of a Ga ionomeric glass series (0.48SiO2-0.355ZnO-0.06CaO-0.08SrO-0.02P2O5-0.005Ta2O5, with 0.01-0.05 mol% substitution for …
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Glypican‑1 And Pecam‑1 Cooperate In Shear‑Induced Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production,
2021
CUNY City College
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Glypican‑1 And Pecam‑1 Cooperate In Shear‑Induced Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production, Anne Marie W. Bartosch, Rick Mathews, Marwa M. Mahmoud, Limary M. Cancel, Zahin S. Haq, John M. Tarbell
Publications and Research
This study aimed to clarify the role of glypican-1 and PECAM-1 in shear-induced nitric oxide production in endothelial cells. Atomic force microscopy pulling was used to apply force to glypican-1 and PECAM-1 on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and nitric oxide was measured using a fluorescent reporter dye. Glypican-1 pulling for 30 min stimulated nitric oxide production while PECAM-1 pulling did not. However, PECAM-1 downstream activation was necessary for the glypican-1 force-induced response. Glypican-1 knockout mice exhibited impaired flow-induced phosphorylation of eNOS without changes to PECAM-1 expression. A cooperation mechanism for the mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress …
Exploration Of The Sludge Biodiesel Pathway,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Exploration Of The Sludge Biodiesel Pathway, Zachary Christman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Wastewater sludge is an overlooked source of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) that could be converted into biodiesel. The United States produces about 8 million tons of sludge per year. The disposal cost for this amount of sludge is about 2 billion US dollars. The widespread availability and low cost of sludge compared to other biodiesel raw materials make it an economical choice for a renewable fuel. Using sludge as a raw material can produce 25 to 30 mg per gram of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME); the main component of biodiesel. Sludge biodiesel has the potential of transforming a …
Mapping Three Dimensional Interactions Between Biomolecules And Electric Fields.,
2021
University of Louisville
Mapping Three Dimensional Interactions Between Biomolecules And Electric Fields., Joseph Patrick Brian P.E.
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Electroporation is a technique that induces the formation of open pores in cell membranes by the application of an electric field. Electroporation is widely practiced in research and clinical work for transfection of genetic sequences and drug molecule transport through the membrane barrier. However, a full theoretical explanation of the molecular mechanisms and thermodynamics responsible for pore formation, structure, and longevity does not yet exist. Advances in molecular dynamics simulations have enabled theoretical studies of electroporation with previously unobtainable fidelity spanning biologically relevant timescales. All-atom simulations utilizing the recently developed method of computational electrophysiology demonstrate that pore size correlates to …
