Development And Validation Of A Three-Dimensional Optical Imaging System For Chest Wall Deformity Measurement,
2022
Old Dominion University
Development And Validation Of A Three-Dimensional Optical Imaging System For Chest Wall Deformity Measurement, Nahom Kidane
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Congenital chest wall deformities (CWD) are malformations of the thoracic cage that become more pronounced during early adolescence. Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common CWD, characterized by an inward depression of the sternum and adjacent costal cartilage. A cross-sectional computed tomography (CT) image is mainly used to calculate the chest thoracic indices. Physicians use the indices to quantify PE deformity, prescribe surgical or non-surgical therapies, and evaluate treatment outcomes. However, the use of CT is increasingly causing physicians to be concerned about the radiation doses administered to young patients. Furthermore, radiographic indices are an unsafe and expensive method of …
Development Of A Tissue Engineered Cardiac Patch,
2022
Clemson University
Development Of A Tissue Engineered Cardiac Patch, Howard Herbert
All Dissertations
Cardiovascular Disease(CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the developed world. CVD is most commonly manifested as atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries leading to Myocardial Infarction(MI). After MI, fibrosis of the ventricular wall leads to heart failure(HF), a pandemic affecting 26 million people globally. While therapies are continuously developed to combat HF, the treatment of choice, whole heart transplant, is limited by the availability of donor hearts. It is clear that there is a need to develop a long-term solution to combat HF and its enormous economic burden. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine holds promise as a possible solution …
An Integrated Electronic-Skin Patch For Real-Time And Continuous Monitoring Of A Panel Of Biomarkers Combined With Drug Delivery,
2022
University of Texas at Tyler
An Integrated Electronic-Skin Patch For Real-Time And Continuous Monitoring Of A Panel Of Biomarkers Combined With Drug Delivery, Tanzila Noushin
Electrical Engineering Theses
Inflammatory biomarkers present in the human body play a vital role in medical field by guiding the clinician in decision-making for many diseases. The levels of these inflammatory biomarkers are associated with the severity and progress of several diseases. Researchers have found that increasing severity of many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, after surgery infection, and adverse clinical outcomes due to infectious diseases, results in the elevation of the level of inflammatory biomarkers in human sweat. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokines indicate the pathophysiology and prognosis of critically ill SARS‑CoV‑2 patients. In this thesis work, different sensors have been developed for …
The Role Of Generative Adversarial Networks In Bioimage Analysis And Computational Diagnostics.,
2022
University of Louisville
The Role Of Generative Adversarial Networks In Bioimage Analysis And Computational Diagnostics., Ahmed Naglah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Computational technologies can contribute to the modeling and simulation of the biological environments and activities towards achieving better interpretations, analysis, and understanding. With the emergence of digital pathology, we can observe an increasing demand for more innovative, effective, and efficient computational models. Under the umbrella of artificial intelligence, deep learning mimics the brain’s way in learn complex relationships through data and experiences. In the field of bioimage analysis, models usually comprise discriminative approaches such as classification and segmentation tasks. In this thesis, we study how we can use generative AI models to improve bioimage analysis tasks using Generative Adversarial Networks …
Tibial Compression During Activities Of Daily Living In Young And Older Adults,
2022
Boise State University
Tibial Compression During Activities Of Daily Living In Young And Older Adults, Elijah Miles Walker
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Stress fracture, particularly in the tibia, is a growing concern among older adults (greater than 65 years). Older adults may have inherent stress fracture risk from ageing-related changes to their musculoskeletal system. Specifically, older adults reduced ankle neuromuscular function may impair their ability to attenuate repetitive compressive forces experienced during daily locomotor tasks and increase the likelihood of suffering bone damage from decreased bone tissue elasticity. Yet, it is currently unknown if older adults exhibit greater tibial compression than their younger counterparts during locomotor tasks. Purpose: This study sought to quantify tibial compression for older and younger adults when …
Infrastructure Development For Personalized Risk Prediction To Reduce Cardiovascular Disease In Childhood Cancer Survivors,
2022
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Infrastructure Development For Personalized Risk Prediction To Reduce Cardiovascular Disease In Childhood Cancer Survivors, Suman Shrestha
Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)
Although childhood cancer survivors have lengthy life expectancies, they run the risk of experiencing long-term health issues as a result of their treatment. The most frequent non-cancerous cause of morbidity and mortality for these survivors is cardiac disease. Radiation therapy (RT) has been linked in numerous cohort studies to a higher chance of developing a late cardiac disease in these survivors, and this risk rises with higher mean heart doses and increased RT exposure to larger cardiac volumes. Since, the heart is a heterogeneous organ made up of several distinct substructures, RT dose received by the entire heart does not …
Highly Adherent Antimicrobial Coatings For Orthopedic Implants,
2022
Clemson University
Highly Adherent Antimicrobial Coatings For Orthopedic Implants, Mikhail Bredikhin
All Dissertations
Fracture-related infections (FRIs) are the most devasting sort of complications associated with fracture fixation devices, as they lead to patients’ morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, amputations, and even death.External fixators additionally suffer from pin site infections (PSIs), which initiate at the skin entry points of the skin-metallic pin interface present in the external fixation of the damaged bones, often causing deep tissue infection and osteomyelitis. Small percutaneous pins, commonly known as Kirschner wires (K-wires), are used to treat complex fractures and deformities.They are drilled inside the diseased bone for the healing period and are left protruding outside the skin for fixation adjustments …
Seeing The Big Picture: System Architecture Trends In Endoscopy And Led-Based Hyperspectral Subsystem Intergration,
2022
University of South Alabama
Seeing The Big Picture: System Architecture Trends In Endoscopy And Led-Based Hyperspectral Subsystem Intergration, Craig M. Browning
Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)
Early-stage colorectal lesions remain difficult to detect. Early development of neoplasia tends to be small (less than 10 mm) and flat and difficult to distinguish from surrounding mucosa. Additionally, optical diagnosis of neoplasia as benign or malignant is problematic. Low rates of detection of these lesions allow for continued growth in the colorectum and increased risk of cancer formation. Therefore, it is crucial to detect neoplasia and other non-neoplastic lesions to determine risk and guide future treatment. Technology for detection needs to enhance contrast of subtle tissue differences in the colorectum and track multiple biomarkers simultaneously. This work implements one …
Color Resolved Cherenkov Imaging Allows For Differential Signal Detection In Blood And Melanin Content,
2022
Dartmouth College
Color Resolved Cherenkov Imaging Allows For Differential Signal Detection In Blood And Melanin Content, Vihan A. Wickramasinghe
Dartmouth College Master’s Theses
Cherenkov imaging in radiation therapy allows a video display of the irradiation beam on the patient’s tissue, for visualization of the treatment. High energy radiation from a linear accelerator (Linac) results in the production of spectrally-continuous broadband light inside tissue due to the Cherenkov effect; this light is then attenuated by tissue features from transport and exits from the delivery site. Progress with the development of color Cherenkov imaging has opened the possibility for some level of spectroscopic imaging of the light-tissue interaction and interpretation of the specific nature of the tissue being irradiated. Generally, there is a linear relationship …
Re-Engineering Cardio-Oncology Testing Using Biomimetic Heart Slice Cultures.,
2022
University of Louisville
Re-Engineering Cardio-Oncology Testing Using Biomimetic Heart Slice Cultures., Jessica Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
28% of drug withdrawal from the market are due to unforeseen disruptions in cardiomyocyte contractility and electrophysiology. The most commonly used platforms for drug testing are in vivo animal models and in vitro cell culture models. While both have been of paramount importance for the discovery and detection of many cardiotoxicities and mechanisms of action, they lack the ability to model an intact human myocardium. This work aims to establish cardiac tissue slices, which are 300-micron thin tissue sections taken from the left ventricular myocardium, as an alternative platform for cardio-oncology studies, specifically cardiotoxicity testing. Additionally, this work aims to …
The Influence Of Electrical Stimulation Pulse Frequency Of Macro-Sieve Electrode On Rat Sciatic Nerve Detection Threshold,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
The Influence Of Electrical Stimulation Pulse Frequency Of Macro-Sieve Electrode On Rat Sciatic Nerve Detection Threshold, Jingyuan Zhang
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling Of Hemodialysis In Patients With An Arteriovenous Fistula,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling Of Hemodialysis In Patients With An Arteriovenous Fistula, Maximilian Roth
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
With the advent of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for use in hemodialysis, the anastomosis built for such use has become a central point of the study to understand the flow and wall shear stresses in such a system since very large wall shear stresses can lead to arterial/vein rupture. Considering the commonly used creation site of an anastomosis as connecting the radial artery to the cephalic vein, a model is created to calculate the wall shear stresses across various components of the system. The model depicts a connection of the specified vein and artery bridged together allowing the increase in blood …
Investigating Spatial Heterogeneity In Myocardial Wound Environments To Improve Therapy,
2022
Clemson University
Investigating Spatial Heterogeneity In Myocardial Wound Environments To Improve Therapy, Michael Potter
All Dissertations
Heart failure is a broad pathology manifestation categorized by an inability of the heart to successfully pump blood throughout the vast vessel network of the body. Within the United States, heart failure is projected to increase by approximately 46% from 2012 to 2030. Modalities of heart failure are generally related to wall mechanics that are impacted following myocardial infarction events. Interplay exists between the wall mechanics, responding cell populations, and the spatial heterogeneities in the resultant scar. This interplay directs the myocardium towards heart failure modalities governed by overly stiff or compliant states. It is essential to elucidate details underlying …
Low Resource Assay For Tracking Sars-Cov-2 In Wastewater,
2022
Utah State University
Low Resource Assay For Tracking Sars-Cov-2 In Wastewater, Julissa Van Renselaar
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Wastewater based epidemiology (WBE) allows for the tracking of nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater which gives the opportunity for the public and government officials to be informed about the infectivity of the virus in a community. Advances have been made in WBE that have allowed for higher performance, lower resource use, and faster turnaround time. An adapted concentration method of spin column direct extraction has yielded a proxy virus recovery of 83%, consumable cost of $2.01 per sample, and a turnaround time of 0.33 hour/sample. Other concentration methods have lower proxy virus recoveries, comparable cost, and comparable turnaround time. …
Dendrimer-Based Drug Delivery Systems: History, Challenges, And Latest Developments,
2022
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Dendrimer-Based Drug Delivery Systems: History, Challenges, And Latest Developments, Juan Wang, Boxuan Li, Li Qiu, Xin Qiao, Hu Yang
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Since the first dendrimer was reported in 1978 by Fritz Vögtle, dendrimer research has grown exponentially, from synthesis to application in the past four decades. The distinct structure characteristics of dendrimers include nanoscopic size, multi-functionalized surface, high branching, cavernous interior, and so on, making dendrimers themselves ideal drug delivery vehicles. This mini review article provides a brief overview of dendrimer's history and properties and the latest developments of dendrimers as drug delivery systems. This review focuses on the latest progress in the applications of dendrimers as drug and gene carriers, including 1) active drug release strategies to dissociate drug/gene from …
Development Of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography System For Mouse Eye Imaging And Measurement Of Vasodilation,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
Development Of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography System For Mouse Eye Imaging And Measurement Of Vasodilation, Yilin Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is broadly known as a non-invasive technology that allows examining the retinal and choroidal vasculatures, alternative to fluorescein angiography. In this study, we have developed an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system for imaging the mouse eye. We measure the retinal thickness, which is 216.53um. We apply OCTA to characterize the quantitative change in vessel diameter and the perfusion density of the retina after the wild-type mice are administered the adenosine or inhale carbon dioxide. Comparing the images acquired one minute and 5 minutes after the injection or CO2 inhalation with the baseline, distinct changes …
The Role Of Mri In Diagnosing Autism: A Machine Learning Perspective.,
2022
University of Louisville
The Role Of Mri In Diagnosing Autism: A Machine Learning Perspective., Yaser Elnakieb
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There is approximately 1 in every 44 children in the United States suffers from autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a disorder characterized by social and behavioral impairments. Communication difficulties, interpersonal difficulties, and behavioral difficulties are the top common symptoms. Even though symptoms can begin as early as infancy, it may take multiple visits to a pediatric specialist before an accurate diagnosis can be made. In addition, the diagnosis can be subjective, and different specialists may give different scores. There is a growing body of research suggesting differences in brain development and/or environmental and/or genetic factors contribute to autism development, but scientists …
Ultrasound Mediated Tissue Growth In Bioinspired Scaffolds,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Ultrasound Mediated Tissue Growth In Bioinspired Scaffolds, Marco Fielder
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Porous scaffolds mechanically stimulated with ultrasound are used for the treatment of bone conditions such as osteoporosis or traumatic bone injury. However, one current issue in these treatment techniques is designing a scaffold structure with a high structural integrity that also does not impede tissue growth. A larger ultrasound wave transmission would also allow more of a scaffold to receive mechanical stimulation from ultrasound. Controlling mesenchymal stem cell seeding of tissue scaffolds also has potential for developing optimal seeding patterns to maximize or control tissue growth in the scaffold based on an individual’s physiology. There is also a need for …
Evaluation Of Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks And Their Structural Characteristics For 3d Bioprinting Of Customized Scaffolds,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Evaluation Of Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks And Their Structural Characteristics For 3d Bioprinting Of Customized Scaffolds, Patrick William Kuczwara
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
3D bioprinting of biological scaffolds requires control of the physicochemical properties of each unique structures. A promising material for control of properties is hydrogels, which can help create biomimetic scaffolds with controlled spatial arrangement of materials by integrating biological materials directly into layers during the bioprinting process. Nanocellulose offers a unique combination of properties including mechanical, biomimetic, and biocompatibility. These properties offer flexibility over the types, shapes, and applications of their printed hydrogel scaffolds, (i.e., tissue, drug, encapsulation). However, 3D bioprinting of nanocellulose-based hydrogels requires high loading percentages (i.e., >10 wt%) or chemical crosslinkers (i.e., bis(acyl)phosphane oxides (BAPO)). High solid …
Fiber-Based Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting As A Method For Investigating Metabolism During Tetanic Contraction Of Skeletal Muscle,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Fiber-Based Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting As A Method For Investigating Metabolism During Tetanic Contraction Of Skeletal Muscle, Kathryn Miller Priest
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) [1-5]. The reduced form of NAD, NADH, is autofluorescent, making it a measurable characteristic in the investigation of metabolic changes. The fluorescence lifetime of NADH is dependent on the state of protein binding, specifically free or bound NADH, allowing for detection of metabolic shifts between glycolysis (free NADH) and OXPHOS (bound NADH) [6-16]. Fiber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo …
