Material Characterization And Comparison Of Sol-Gel Deposited And Rf Magnetron Deposited Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films,
2022
University of New Mexico - Main Campus
Material Characterization And Comparison Of Sol-Gel Deposited And Rf Magnetron Deposited Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films, Katherine Lynne Miles
Mechanical Engineering ETDs
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been a material of interest for sensor, actuator, and transducer applications in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This is due to their favorable piezoelectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties. While various methods are available to deposit PZT thin films, radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering was selected to provide high quality PZT films with the added capability of batch processing. These sputter deposited PZT films were characterized to determine their internal film stress, Young’s modulus, composition, and structure. After characterization, the sputtered PZT samples were poled using corona poling and direct poling methods. As a means of comparison, commercially …
Hierarchical Structure And Properties Of The Bone At Nano Level,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Hierarchical Structure And Properties Of The Bone At Nano Level, Farah Hamandi, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Bone is a highly hierarchical complex structure that consists of organic and mineral components represented by collagen molecules (CM) and hydroxyapatite crystals (HAC), respectively. The nanostructure of bone can significantly affect its mechanical properties. There is a lack of understanding how collagen fibrils (CF) in different orientations may affect the mechanical properties of the bone. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of interaction, orientation, and hydration on atomic models of the bone composed of collagen helix (CH) and HAC, using molecular dynamics simulations and therefrom bone-related disease origins. The results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of …
Electromechanical Effects On Micro And Nano Particles Generated From Drug Delivery Devices And Their Implications In Flow And Deposition Efficiency,
2022
The University of Texas at Tyler
Electromechanical Effects On Micro And Nano Particles Generated From Drug Delivery Devices And Their Implications In Flow And Deposition Efficiency, Mohammed Ali, Mark Miller
Technology Faculty Publications and Presentations
This experimental investigation was undertaken to quantify the electrostatic charge and aerodynamic size distribution of the medicinal drug particles inhaled through an in-vitro mouth-throat (MT) in order to compare the amount of drugs can be delivered to the human lung while mimicking a patient is either sitting or lying. The MT model is a cadaver-based replica cast of human oral-pharyngeal-laryngeal region. Tested drug aerosols were generated by a commercially available metered dose inhaler (MDI). The MT model was placed inside a humidity (95%) and temperature (37oC) controlled chamber. Its mouth-inlet was positioned horizontally and vertically to simulate sitting …
Ab Initio Insight Into The Electrolysis Of Water On
Basal And Edge (Fullerene C20) Surfaces Of 4 Å
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes,
2022
University of Pennsylvania
Ab Initio Insight Into The Electrolysis Of Water On Basal And Edge (Fullerene C20) Surfaces Of 4 Å Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Zhen Jiang, Nadia N. Intan, Qiong Yang
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
The extreme surface reactivity of 4 Å single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) makes for a very promising catalytic material, however, controlling it experimentally has been found to be challenging. Here, we employ ab initio calculations to investigate the extent of surface reactivity and functionalization of 4 Å SWCNTs. We study the kinetics of water dissociation and adsorption on the surface of 4 Å SWCNTs with three different configurations: armchair (3,3), chiral (4,2) and zigzag (5,0). We reveal that out of three different configurations of 4 Å SWCNTs, the surface of tube (5,0) is the most reactive due to its small HOMO–LUMO …
Orthogonal Saw Biosensor Fem Simulation Based On St-Quartz With Crystalline Zno Guiding Layer,
2022
University of South Florida
Orthogonal Saw Biosensor Fem Simulation Based On St-Quartz With Crystalline Zno Guiding Layer, Saurabh Patwardhan
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Detection of trace amounts of biomarkers is a critical requirement in sensing the presence of conditions such as early-stage cancer. The ST cut of the Quartz crystal (ST-Quartz) supports two fundamental surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in mutually perpendicular, or orthogonal, directions: the Rayleigh wave and the shear-horizontal wave (RSAW and SH-SAW, respectively). The orthogonality enables the use of ST-Quartz in biofouling removal by the RSAW and mass sensing via the SH-SAW simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to find an ideal guiding layer and wavelength configuration that can enhance the sensing capability without sacrificing the biofouling removal ability for …
Residual Properties Of Silicone (Med-4719) Lead With Leads From Retrieved Devices,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Residual Properties Of Silicone (Med-4719) Lead With Leads From Retrieved Devices, Anmar Salih, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Leads are designed for in vivo applications, however, for a definite period of time. In-vivo environment affects the mechanical behavior of implantable devices, therefore, there is a need to evaluate the residual properties of implantable leads used with pacemakers, defibrillator and neuro-stimulators. Silicone (MED-4719) lead is widely used in cardiac implantable electronic devices made by different manufacturers. . We collected 150 devices (with or without leads) from Anatomical Gift Program of the Wright State University. The objective of this study was to investigate the residual properties of Silicone (MED-4719) lead with different in vivo exposure time and compare the properties …
Working Out The Kinks: Creating Solutions To Assist Health Care Workers To Take Vital Signs Through Effective Cable Management,
2022
Purdue University
Working Out The Kinks: Creating Solutions To Assist Health Care Workers To Take Vital Signs Through Effective Cable Management, Carl R. Russell Iii, Emily J. Linder, Maya A. Godbole
Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement
EPICS (Engineering Projects in Community Service) is a service-learning design program run through Purdue University. It strives to teach students design skills through providing solutions for individuals, communities, and organizations in the surrounding area while mirroring engineering industry standards. BME (Bio-medical Engineering) is a team within EPICS that strives to serve community partners through biomedical applications. Members of a health care team often spend valuable time organizing cables associated with machines used to take patients’ vital signs. Due to time constraints and the fast-paced work environment, these cables may be mismanaged and damaged. The BME team is working on a …
Hypoxic Incubation Chamber,
2022
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Hypoxic Incubation Chamber, Simone Lisette Helfrich, Makenzie Nicole Jones
Biomedical Engineering: Graduate Reports and Projects
This paper describes the design, manufacturing, and testing of a novel controllable hypoxic incubator with fully functional oxygen gas control and temperature control in a humid environment. On the current market, a majority of the few hypoxic incubators use pre-mixed gas that does not offer precise control over gas concentration. The objective for this project was to create a chamber that allows the user to set the O2 concentration to varying set points of % O2 while maintaining the chamber at a constant body temperature, CO2 level, humidity, and sterility. To start the project, multiple concepts were developed for the …
Hypoxic Incubation Chamber,
2022
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Hypoxic Incubation Chamber, Simone Lisette Helfrich, Makenzie Nicole Jones
Master's Theses
This paper describes the design, manufacturing, and testing of a novel controllable hypoxic incubator with fully functional oxygen gas control and temperature control in a humid environment. On the current market, a majority of the few hypoxic incubators use pre-mixed gas that does not offer precise control over gas concentration. The objective for this project was to create a chamber that allows the user to set the O2 concentration to varying set points of % O2 while maintaining the chamber at a constant body temperature, CO2 level, humidity, and sterility. To start the project, multiple concepts were developed for the …
Low Intensity Vibration Protects The Weight Bearing Skeleton And Suppresses Fracture Incidence In Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy,
2022
Istituto Auxologico Italiano
Low Intensity Vibration Protects The Weight Bearing Skeleton And Suppresses Fracture Incidence In Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Maria Luisa Bianchi, Silvia Vai, Giovanni Baranello, Francesca Broggi, Stefan Judex, Thomas N. Hangartner, Clinton Rubin
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
The ability of low intensity vibration (LIV) to combat skeletal decline in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Twenty DMD boys were enrolled, all ambulant and treated with glucocorticoids (mean age 7.6, height adjusted Z scores [HAZ] of hip bone mineral density [BMD] −2.3). Ten DMD boys were assigned to stand for 10 min/d on an active LIV platform (0.4 g at 30 Hz), while 10 stood on a placebo device. Baseline and 14 month bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD of spine, hip, and total body were measured with DXA, and trabecular bone density …
Musculoskeletal Adaptation Of Young And Older Adults In Response To Challenging Surface Conditions,
2022
Boise State University
Musculoskeletal Adaptation Of Young And Older Adults In Response To Challenging Surface Conditions, Amy E. Holcomb, Nicholas L. Hunt, Amanda K. Ivy, Aidan G. Cormier, Tyler N. Brown, Clare K. Fitzpatrick
Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Over 36 million adults over 65 years of age experience accidental falls each year. The underlying neuromechanics (whole-body function) and driving forces behind accidental falls, as well as the effects of aging on the ability of the musculoskeletal system to adapt, are poorly understood. We evaluated differences in kinematics (lower extremity joint angles and range of motion), kinetics (ground reaction force), and electromyography (muscle co-contraction), due to changes in surface conditions during gait in 14 older adults with a history of falling and 14 young adults. We investigated the impact of challenging surfaces on musculoskeletal adaptation and compared the mechanisms …
Modification Of The Tumor Microenvironment Enhances Anti-Pd-1 Immunotherapy In Metastatic Melanoma,
2022
University of South Florida
Modification Of The Tumor Microenvironment Enhances Anti-Pd-1 Immunotherapy In Metastatic Melanoma, Guilan Shi, Megan Scott, Cathryn G. Mangiamele, Richard Heller
Bioelectrics Publications
Resistance to checkpoint-blockade treatments is a challenge in the clinic. Both primary and acquired resistance have become major obstacles, greatly limiting the long-lasting effects and wide application of blockade therapy. Many patients with metastatic melanoma eventually require further therapy. The absence of T-cell infiltration to the tumor site is a well-accepted contributor limiting immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. In this study, we combined intratumoral injection of plasmid IL-12 with electrotransfer and anti-PD-1 in metastatic B16F10 melanoma tumor model to increase tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and improve therapeutic efficacy. We showed that effective anti-tumor responses required a subset of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ and CD4 …
Correlating The Macrostructural Variations Of An Ion Gel With
Its Carbon Dioxide Sorption Capacity,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Correlating The Macrostructural Variations Of An Ion Gel With Its Carbon Dioxide Sorption Capacity, Tung Nguyen,, Mona Bavarian, Siamak Nejati
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
We report on a direct correlation between the macroscale structural variations and the gas sorption capacities of an ion gel. Here, we chose 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([Emim][TF2N]) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) as the ionic liquid and host polymer, respectively. The CO2 sorption in the thin films of the IL-polymer was measured using the gravimetric method. The results of our experiment showed that the trend in CO2 uptake of these mixtures was nonlinearly correlated with the content of IL. Here, we highlight that the variations in the molecular structure of the polymers were the main reason behind …
Advances In 3d Culture Systems For Therapeutic Discovery And Development In Brain Cancer,
2022
Technological University Dublin
Advances In 3d Culture Systems For Therapeutic Discovery And Development In Brain Cancer, Janith Wanigasekara, Patrick J. Cullen, Paula Bourke, Brijesh Tiwari, James F. Curtin
Articles
This review focuses on recent advances in 3D culture systems that promise more accurate therapeutic models of the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the unique anatomical, cellular, and molecular features evident in human GBM. The key components of a GBM TME are outlined, including microbiomes, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), infiltrating parenchymal and peripheral immune cells and molecules, and chemical gradients. 3D culture systems are evaluated against 2D culture systems and in vivo animal models. The main 3D culture techniques available are compared, with an emphasis on identifying key gaps in knowledge for the development of suitable platforms …
Non-Antibiotic Antimicrobial Polydopamine Surface Coating To Prevent Stable Biofilm Formation On Satellite Telemetry Tags Used In Cetacean Conservation Applications,
2022
Michigan Technological University
Non-Antibiotic Antimicrobial Polydopamine Surface Coating To Prevent Stable Biofilm Formation On Satellite Telemetry Tags Used In Cetacean Conservation Applications, Ariana Smies, Jeremy Wales, Maureen Hennenfent, Laura Lyons, Caleigh R. Dunn, Jooke Robbins, Bruce Lee, Alexandre Zerbini, Rupak Rajachar
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Satellite telemetry tags, used to monitor the migratory behavior of cetaceans, have the potential to be a vehicle for infection due to their invasive nature. Antibiotic coatings have been previously employed to reduce the chances of infection via the formation of a stable biofilm on the surface of the tags. However, increased use of antibiotics has the potential to lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. To prevent the formation of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, a polydopamine surface coating that, when exposed to oxygen, releases low doses ( ~ 40-100 µ M ) of hydrogen peroxide over a prolonged period ( > 24 …
Extraction, Analysis, And Occurrence Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In Wastewater And After Municipal Biosolids Land Application To Determine Agricultural Loading,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Extraction, Analysis, And Occurrence Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In Wastewater And After Municipal Biosolids Land Application To Determine Agricultural Loading, Justin Caniglia, Daniel D. Snow, Tiffany L. Messer, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Given the ubiquitous detection of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within numerous soil and water environmental compartments, there is a need for global understanding of current methodologies for extracting water, solids, polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), and plant tissue for these substances. This study provides details of several current extraction methods, demonstrates the use of POCIS in monitoring these compounds in a wastewater environment, and provides evidence of detectable levels of certain PFAS compounds within Midwestern municipalities and agroecosystems. Validated extraction procedures help characterize occurrence and release of 18 PFAS in a midwestern wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), surface water, …
Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarkers, Simulations And Kinetics,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarkers, Simulations And Kinetics, Celeste Hicks, Akshima Dhiman, Chauntel Barrymore, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
This paper reviews the predictive capabilities of blood-based biomarkers to quantify traumatic brain injury (TBI). Biomarkers for concussive conditions also known as mild, to moderate and severe TBI identified along with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) that occur due to repeated blows to the head during one’s lifetime. Since the pathways of these biomarkers into the blood are not fully understood whether there is disruption in the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the time it takes after injury for the expression of the biomarkers to be able to predict the injury effectively, there is a need to …
Electrophilic Aldehyde 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal Mediated
Signaling And Mitochondrial Dysfunction,
2022
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
Electrophilic Aldehyde 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal Mediated Signaling And Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Sudha Sharma, Papori Sharma, Tara Bailey, Susmita Bhattarai, Utsab Subedi, Chloe Miller, Hosne Ara, Srivatsan Kidambi, Hong Sun, Manikandan Panchatcharam, Sumitra Miriyala
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a by-product of aerobic life, are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons. The excess of ROS leads to oxidative stress, instigating the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the lipid membrane through a free radical chain reaction and the formation of the most bioactive aldehyde, known as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). 4-HNE functions as a signaling molecule and toxic product and acts mainly by forming covalent adducts with nucleophilic functional groups in proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. The mitochondria have been implicated as a site for 4-HNE generation and adduction. Several studies clarified how 4-HNE affects the …
Fabricating 3-Dimensional Human Brown Adipose Microtissues For
Transplantation Studies,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Fabricating 3-Dimensional Human Brown Adipose Microtissues For Transplantation Studies, Ou Wang, Li Han, Haishuang Lin, Mingmei Tian, Shuyang Zhang, Bin Duan, Soonkyu Chung, Chi Zhang, Xiaojun Lian, Yong Wang, Yuguo Lei
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
Transplanting cell cultured brown adipocytes (BAs) represents a promising approach to prevent and treat obesity (OB) and its associated metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, transplanted BAs have a very low survival rate in vivo. The enzymatic dissociation during the harvest of fully differentiated BAs also loses significant cells. There is a critical need for novel methods that can avoid cell death during cell preparation, transplantation, and in vivo. Here, we reported that preparing BAs as injectable microtissues could overcome the problem. We found that 3D culture promoted BA differentiation and UCP-1 expression, and the optimal initial …
Computational Simulations Of The Effects Of Gravity On Lymphatic Transport,
2022
Massachusetts General Hospital
Computational Simulations Of The Effects Of Gravity On Lymphatic Transport, Huabing Li, Huajian Wei, Timothy P. Padera, James W. Baish, Lance L. Munn
Faculty Journal Articles
Physical forces, including mechanical stretch, fluid pressure, and shear forces alter lymphatic vessel contractions and lymph flow. Gravitational forces can affect these forces, resulting in altered lymphatic transport, but the mechanisms involved have not been studied in detail. Here, we combine a lattice Boltzmann-based fluid dynamics computational model with known lymphatic mechanobiological mechanisms to investigate the movement of fluid through a lymphatic vessel under the effects of gravity that may either oppose or assist flow. Regularly spaced, mechanical bi-leaflet valves in the vessel enforce net positive flow as the vessel walls contract autonomously in response to calcium and nitric oxide …
