A Harmonized Vocabulary For Water Quality,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
A Harmonized Vocabulary For Water Quality, Simon J.D. Cox, Bruce A. Simons, Jonathan Yu
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Interoperability of water quality data depends on the use of common models, schemas and vocabularies. However, terms are usually collected during different activities and projects in isolation of one another, resulting in vocabularies that have the same scope being represented with different terms, using different formats and formalisms, and published in various access methods. Significantly, most water quality vocabularies conflate multiple concepts in a single term, e.g. quantity kind, units of measure, substance or taxon, medium and procedure. This bundles information associated with separate elements from the OGC Observations and Measurements (O&M) model into a single slot. We have developed …
Harmonization Of Vocabularies For Water Data,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Harmonization Of Vocabularies For Water Data, Simon J.D. Cox, Jonathan Yu, Bruce A. Simons
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Observational data encodes values of properties associated with a feature of interest, estimated by a specified procedure. For water the properties are physical parameters like level, volume, flow and pressure, and concentrations and counts of chemicals, substances and organisms. Water property vocabularies have been assembled at project, agency and jurisdictional level. Organizations such as EPA, USGS, CEH, GA and BoM maintain vocabularies for internal use, and may make them available externally as text files. BODC and MMI have harvested many water vocabularies alongside others of interest in their domain, formalized the content using SKOS, and published them through web interfaces. …
A Web-Based Hydroinformatic Platform For Water Quality Modelling And Simulation In A River Basin,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
A Web-Based Hydroinformatic Platform For Water Quality Modelling And Simulation In A River Basin, Jose Pinho, Jose Vieira
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
In recent years a major effort has been done to make water quality modelling tools available for water resources management at a river basin scale. The European water framework directive clear states that these tools must be used in making the diagnostic of surface water bodies water quality status and to anticipate the impact of measures to be implemented in order to achieve a good ecological status by 2015 in European waters. In order to make modelling tools usable by all the actors enrolled in water resources management process at river basins, these tools must be simple, user-friendly and robust. …
Web-Based Engine For Discovery Of Observations Using Landscape Units,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Web-Based Engine For Discovery Of Observations Using Landscape Units, Haowen Xu, Abbas Ali Amir, Marian Muste
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Investigations of natural resources processes realted to the water cycle are best studied using a commensurate landscape unit for the spatial extent of the process. Consequently, the capability to efficiently delineate the watershed extent along with the main hydrological characteristics and behavior of the river network and its drainage area is essential. The watershed search engine discussed in the present paper is designed to identify various observations acquired in the upstream drainage area of the watershed from a point specified by the user. The point can be selected on or outside the stream network using a web mapping interface. The …
River Water Quality Modelling In Developing A Catchment Water Safety Plan,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
River Water Quality Modelling In Developing A Catchment Water Safety Plan, Jose Vieira, Jose Pinho
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
The primary aim of a catchment water safety plan is to reduce risks within the catchment to protect the quality of drinking water sources at the point of abstraction. Even where effective arrangements for catchment management and control have been implemented, unexpected deterioration in raw water quality can pose a risk to treated drinking water quality. Thus potential sources of pollution impacting the abstraction point should be identified and monitored. An important part of any catchment management strategy includes implementation of raw water monitoring programmes, targeted at the most likely microbiological challenges to water treatment. When combined with good monitoring …
Fews-Waterways For Economically And Efficiently Navigating On Inland Waterways.,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Fews-Waterways For Economically And Efficiently Navigating On Inland Waterways., Juzer F. Dhondia, Rolien Van Der Mark, Meeuwis Van Wirdum, R Smits
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
This paper describes the use of Delft-FEWS as part of a tool for navigating on Inland Waterways economically and efficiently. Delft-FEWS, as developed by Deltares, is an operational real time forecasting system which links data and models in real time. FEWS-Waterways forecasts water depth, , flow velocity, air clearance based on measured and forecasted hydrological and metrological data and current state of the waterway system. This feature of Delft-FEWS is used in an economy planner giving advice to ship masters with respect to: maximal cargo volume, minimum fuel consumption and the optimal ship speed in order to arrive in time …
Real-Time Reservoir Operation For Drought Management Considering Ensemble Streamflow Predictions Derived From Operational Forecasts Of Precipitation In Japan,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Real-Time Reservoir Operation For Drought Management Considering Ensemble Streamflow Predictions Derived From Operational Forecasts Of Precipitation In Japan, Daisuke Nohara, Tomoharu Hori
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Ensemble hydrological predictions are considered to be useful for robust reservoir operation as they include multiple possible hydrological scenarios in the future as well as dispersion of the predictions, from which the degree of prediction uncertainty can be estimated. Although operational ensemble hydrological predictions have been available in many regions, they have not yet been widely used in the actual reservoir management due to the difficulty in the handling such complex information. In order to facilitate effective utilization of ensemble hydrological predictions in the actual reservoir management, a real-time reservoir operation method for drought management is developed considering operational ensemble …
Remote Sensing Of Total Water Storage Variability During Extreme Heat Waves,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Remote Sensing Of Total Water Storage Variability During Extreme Heat Waves, José Agustín Breña-Naranjo, Adrián Pedrozo-Acuña
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Droughts and heat waves are a major hazard for food & water security, economic development, and human & ecosystem health, among others. Over the last decade, short-term but exceptional heat waves have been observed across different regions of the world, with several locations experiencing all-time maximum temperature records. While many studies have suggested that the extreme intensity of such recent events can be attributed to a changing climate, little attention has been given to the impacts on the terrestrial water balance. This work analyzes the sensitivity of total water storage to extreme heat waves since 2003 in Europe (2003), Russia, …
A Spatial-Temporal Downscaling Approach To Construction Of Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Relations In The Context Of Climate Change,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
A Spatial-Temporal Downscaling Approach To Construction Of Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Relations In The Context Of Climate Change, Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen, Myeong-Ho Yeo
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
This paper proposes a spatial-temporal downscaling approach to construction of the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relations at a local site in the context of climate change and variability. More specifically, the proposed approach is based on a combination of a spatial downscaling method to link large-scale climate variables given by General Circulation Model (GCM) simulations with daily extreme precipitations at a site and a temporal downscaling procedure to describe the relationships between daily and sub-daily extreme precipitations based on the scaling General Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. The feasibility and accuracy of the suggested method were assessed using rainfall data available at eight …
Application Of 1d And 2d Numerical Models For Assessing And Visualizing Effectiveness Of Natural Flood Management (Nfm) Measures,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Application Of 1d And 2d Numerical Models For Assessing And Visualizing Effectiveness Of Natural Flood Management (Nfm) Measures, Sohan Ghimire, Mark Wilkinson, Gillian Donaldson-Selby
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Natural Flood Management (NFM) techniques that include alteration, restoration or use of landscape features, have emerged as a novel way of reducing flood risk in Scotland. NFM aims to reduce the peak flood downstreamincreasing the time available to prepare for flood. Water storage ponds are very effective for this purpose. The aim of the paper is to present findings of a modelling approach to floodinundation and risk assessment, and its application for assessing the effectiveness of wetland storage ponds as NFM measures. The study was undertaken in a rural catchment (Tarland Burn, area ~74 km2) located in Aberdeenshire, north-east Scotland. …
Quantifying Gcm Simulation Uncertainty And Incorporating Into Water Resources Assessment,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Quantifying Gcm Simulation Uncertainty And Incorporating Into Water Resources Assessment, Fitsum Markos Woldemeskel, Ashish Sharma, Bellie Sivakumar, Rajeshwar Mehrotra
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Rainfall and temperature, simulated using Global Climate Models (GCMs), serve as key inputs for hydrological models in studying catchment responses to climate scenarios. GCM simulations of rainfall and temperature, however, are uncertain due to model structure, scenarios and initial conditions, which results in biased outcomes if used for hydrological models without due consideration of the uncertainties. In this study, we develop a novel uncertainty metric, square root error variance (SREV), to quantify uncertainties involved in GCM rainfall and temperature simulations as well as illustrate its application for water resources assessment. The uncertainty metric involves converting multiple GCM simulations into their …
Applicability Of A Flood Forecasting Method Utilizing Global Satellite Information To An Insufficiently-Gauged River Basin: A Case Of A River Basin In The Philippines,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Applicability Of A Flood Forecasting Method Utilizing Global Satellite Information To An Insufficiently-Gauged River Basin: A Case Of A River Basin In The Philippines, Mamoru Miyamoto, Makoto Ono, Toshio Okazumi, Seishi Nabesaka, Yoichi Iwami
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Currently, basin-wide flood monitoring and warning systems are being implemented sequentially in river basins of the Philippines, which suffer from severe floods. The Cagayan River basin is among them draining the area of 27,280km2, where five rainfall and water level gauges are installed for the purpose of flood monitoring and warning. Despite the installed monitoring system, an operational flood forecasting model based on physical processes has not been performed for this basin. IFAS, a distributed hydrological model developed by ICHARM, was applied to the Cagayan River basin as a flood forecasting model. One of its notable functions is the capability …
Analysis On Runoff Characteristics Of Decentralized Rainwater Management System Using Xp-Swmm Simulation,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Analysis On Runoff Characteristics Of Decentralized Rainwater Management System Using Xp-Swmm Simulation, Yun Jung Kim, Dong Geun Kwak, Won Tae Kim, Hai Uk Nam, Jeong Joo Kim, Hee Chul Yoon, Hyun Bae Kim, Ho Sun Lee
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
In recent years, impervious areas are increasing in residential zone as well as unsettled area with rapid urbanization and land use. Consequently, this phenomenon influences weak urban environmental compositions about climate change including urban flooding accidents. Therefore, a new paradigm on rainwater management is needed for sound and sustainable restoration of hydrological circulation. Recently, a novel rainwater management system has been developed and recommended for irrigation and flood control in Korea. Especially, P city is now planning a new rainwater management system adopting LID (Low Impact Development) techniques on a small scale development area. In this study, XP-SWMM was used …
Moving Horizon Estimation To Assimilate Snow And Soil Moisture Data Into The Hbv Hydrological Model,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Moving Horizon Estimation To Assimilate Snow And Soil Moisture Data Into The Hbv Hydrological Model, Rodolfo Alvarado Montero, Dirk Schwanenberg, Peter Krahe, Aynur Şensoy
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
We present a variational data assimilation approach based on a Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) applied to the HBV hydrological model. This framework enables the modification of the model inputs precipitation and temperature as well as the model states soil moisture, upper zone storage and lower zone storage. It considers data products for snow cover, snow water equivalent and soil moisture and observed streamflow. The performance of the framework is evaluated for three test sites: i) the data–dense catchment of the upper Main River (2419 km2), Germany, for which the HBV model already produces excellent results, ii) a comparable upstream catchment …
Short-Term Reservoir Optimization By Stochastic Optimization To Mitigate Downstream Flood Risks,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Short-Term Reservoir Optimization By Stochastic Optimization To Mitigate Downstream Flood Risks, Dirk Schwanenberg, Fernando Mainardo Fan, Steffi Naumann, Julio Kuwajima, Rodolfo Alvarado Montero, Alberto Assis Dos Reis
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
An important objective of the operation of multi-purpose reservoirs is the mitigation of flood risks in downstream river reaches. Under the assumptions of reservoirs with finite storage volumes, a key factor for its effective use during flood events is the proper timing of detention measures under consideration of forecast uncertainty. Operational flow forecasting systems support this task by providing deterministic or probabilistic inflow forecasts and decision support components to assess optimum release strategies. We focus on the decision support component and propose a deterministic optimization and its extension to an adaptive multi-stage stochastic optimization. These techniques are used to compute …
Short-Term Management Of Hydropower: Definition, Assessment And Disposal Of Operational Flexibility,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Short-Term Management Of Hydropower: Definition, Assessment And Disposal Of Operational Flexibility, Divas Karimanzira, Dirk Schwanenberg, Chris Allen
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Modern hydroelectric power systems are largely characterized by variability and uncertainty in water resource obligations. The growing number of operational obligations for flood control, navigation, environmental obligations and ancillary services (including load balancing requirements for renewable resources) further the need to quantify sources uncertainty. The variations caused by these - factors require the hydropower system to have enough up and downward flexibility for control technologies such as dynamic optimal control load-following, unit commitment, automatic generation, to be effective. Therefore, it is increasingly important to adopting operational flexibility to better manage uncertainty and balancing reserves. The objective of this paper is …
Impact Of El Niño Southern Oscillation On Monsoon Rainfall In Bhima Basin, Central India,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Impact Of El Niño Southern Oscillation On Monsoon Rainfall In Bhima Basin, Central India, Dhyan Singh Arya, Mohamed Gareeballa Abdall, Asmita Ramkrishna Murumkar
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
The analysis of the effects of ENSO phenomenon on monsoon rainfall of the Bhima River basin located in Central India was investigated using 10x10 degree gridded monsoon rainfall during 1951-2003 and data of four ENSO indices (SOI, MEI, Niño 3.4 and DMI). Data of ENSO indices were divided into three seasons and only statistically significantly correlation was found between monsoon rainfall and monsoon season ENSO indices. Analysis also shows that the monsoon rainfall is positively correlated with SOI index whereas negatively correlated with all other indices. A significant change in the regional climate after 1976 has been reported in many …
Integration Of Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm And Support Vector Machine For Hourly Typhoon Rainfall Forecasting,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Integration Of Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm And Support Vector Machine For Hourly Typhoon Rainfall Forecasting, Bing-Chen Jhong, Gwo-Fong Lin
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
During typhoon periods, accurate hourly rainfall forecasts are extremely important. A new typhoon rainfall forecasting model that integrates multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) with support vector machines (SVM) is presented in this paper. Apart from the rainfall data, the meteorological variables are also considered. An application to high- and low-altitude meteorological stations has shown that the proposed model yields the best performance as compared to other models. Results indicate that meteorological variables are helpful. The proposed model significantly improves hourly typhoon rainfall forecasting, especially for the long lead time forecasting. Moreover, the optimal combination of inputs is determined by the proposed …
A Weather Monitoring System For The Study Of Precipitation Fields, Weather, And Climate In An Urban Area,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
A Weather Monitoring System For The Study Of Precipitation Fields, Weather, And Climate In An Urban Area, Francesco Lo Conti, Dario Pumo, Antonia Incontrera, Antonio Francipane, Leonardo Valerio Noto, Goffredo La Loggia
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
The possibility to study the precipitation dynamics with advanced and specific tools is an important task of the research activity addressing the understanding, the modeling, and the managing of rainfall events. Over the last years, the hydrology laboratory of the Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace Engineering, and Materials (DICAM) at the University of Palermo, has installed several instruments for the monitoring and the study of precipitation within the urban area of Palermo (Italy). The main instrument of this system is the X-band weather radar, which allows monitoring the precipitation fields with high resolution in space and time. This instrument is …
Automatic Frequency-Based Flood Forecast From Numerical Weather Prediction Using A Service-Oriented Architecture,
2014
City University of New York (CUNY)
Automatic Frequency-Based Flood Forecast From Numerical Weather Prediction Using A Service-Oriented Architecture, Ang Zhang, Tiejian Li, Haiyun Shi, Wang Fu, Jiaye Li
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Destructive floods occurred more frequently in mountainous regions in China in recent years. However, the meteorological and hydrological station network in such regions is usually poor, and no long-series observations are available. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the hydrological parameters for flood discharge and stage forecast. This paper aims to propose an automatic frequency-based flood forecast framework from numerical weather prediction (NWP) using a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). The proposed framework has 4 main steps. First, historical flood discharge is simulated by using a distributed hydrological model and satellite-derived rainfall dataset (e.g., the CMORPH and the TRMM), and the …
