Using Enspira To Improve Fiber Digestion,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Using Enspira To Improve Fiber Digestion, Jana L. Harding, Adam L. Shreck, Melissa L. Jolly-Breithaupt Breithaupt, Galen E. Erickson, James C. Macdonald
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
A metabolism study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing a fibrolytic enzyme (Enspira™) on total tract digestion of a finishing diet. In situ NDF digestibilities of the corn bran, HMC, corn residue, and corn silage were not different between the treatments. Rate of digestion of the corn residue and corn silage was lower for the enzyme treatment compared to the control. Averageruminal pH was not significantly different between the two treatments. Correspondingly, there was no difference in VFA profile. There were no differences in DM, OM, NDF, ADF, or hemicellulose digestibilities between the control and enzyme treatment.
Effects Of Replacing Corn With A Pelleted Treated Corn Stover And Distillers Grains On Performance Of Finishing Cattle,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Effects Of Replacing Corn With A Pelleted Treated Corn Stover And Distillers Grains On Performance Of Finishing Cattle, Jana L. Harding, Curtis J. Bittner, Dirk B. Burken Burken, Galen E. Erickson, James C. Macdonald
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
A finishing study evaluated the effectsof replacing 10, 20, or 30% corn (DM basis) with pelleted treated corn stover and distillers grains in a diet containing either 20 or 40% modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) on finishing cattle performance. Steers consuming 10, 20, or 30% of the pelleted feed with 40% MDGS had equal or similar performance to the control diet with 40% MDGS. Cattle consuming 10% pelleted feed with 20% MDGS had similar efficiencies as the control diet; however, feeding the pellet at 20 or 30% of the diet DM with 20% MDGS decreased feed efficiency.
Feeding Value Of De-Oiled Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles Relative To Normal When Fed With Either Dry-Rolled Corn Or Steam-Flaked Corn In Beef Finishing Diets,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Feeding Value Of De-Oiled Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles Relative To Normal When Fed With Either Dry-Rolled Corn Or Steam-Flaked Corn In Beef Finishing Diets, Meredith L. Bremer, Marie E. Harris, Jake A. Hansen Hansen, Karla H. Jenkins, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
A 128-day finishing study utilized 328 yearling steers to determine the effects of feeding de-oiled wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) in dry rolled corn (DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) diets relative to normal fat WDGS. No significant interactions were observed, but cattle fed DRC had greater DMI and were less efficient than those consuming SFC. Linear improvements in ADG and F:G were observed as concentration of de-oiled WDGS increased from 0 to 35%. Numerically cattle fed normal WDGS were more efficient than cattle fed de-oiled WDGS.
Response To Increasing Concentrations Of De-Oiled Modified Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Beef Feedlot Diets,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Response To Increasing Concentrations Of De-Oiled Modified Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Beef Feedlot Diets, Meredith L. Bremer, Curtis J. Bittner, Dirk B. Burken Burken, Galen E. Erickson, James C. Macdonald
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
A 154-day finishing study, utilizing 378 calf-fed steers, was conducted to evaluate the response to feeding increasing concentrations of de-oiled modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) on cattle performance and carcass characteristics. Two additional diets were fed to compare de-oiled MDGS to normal MDGS at either 15 or 30% inclusion. Increasing concentration of de-oiled MDGS in the diet resulted in a linear improvement in F:G. When comparing 30% de-oiled to normal MDGS, there was a tendency for 3.4% improvement in F:G for cattle fed normal MDGS diets over those fed de-oiled MDGS.
Determining The Minimum Infectious Dose Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) In A Feed Matrix,
2015
Kansas State University, Manhattan
Determining The Minimum Infectious Dose Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) In A Feed Matrix, L. L. Schumacher, J. C. Woodworth, C. R. Stark, C. K. Jones, R. A. Hesse, Rodger G. Main, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Understanding the magnitude of transmissible risk Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)-infected feed imposes and establishing the minimum infectious dose of PEDV in a feed matrix are important components in strengthening virus prevention and control methods. In this study, an experiment was performed involving 30 crossbred, 10-d-old pigs that were used as a bioassay model for the minimum infectious dose of PEDV in feed. The PEDV was first diluted using tissue culture media to form 8 serial 10-fold dilutions. An aliquot of the original stock virus at 5.6 x 105tissue culture infectious dose/ml (TCID50/ml), each serial PEDV …
Evaluation Of Porcine Ipec-J2 Cell Line Growth Rate And Immune Response To E. Coli (0111:B4) Lps,
2014
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Evaluation Of Porcine Ipec-J2 Cell Line Growth Rate And Immune Response To E. Coli (0111:B4) Lps, Xiaofan Wang
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to evaluate the intestinal porcine epithelial cell-jejunum 2 (IPEC-J2) cell line as a model to study the innate immune function of live pigs. Growth rates of IPEC-J2 cells in T-75 flasks and 96-well plates were evaluated using a hemocytometer and spectrophotometer for cell quantity measurements to determine growth rate and doubling time. Growth rates of IPEC-J2 cells in T-75 flasks and 96-well plates were 0.4016 and 0.2851 times of doubling/day respectively with a doubling time of 1.73 d and 2.43 d, respectively. Confluent IPEC-J2 monolayers were tested at five time intervals (0, 1, 2, …
Glucose Significantly Enhances Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia Coli Adherence To Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Through Its Effects On Heat-Labile Enterotoxin
Production,
2014
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Glucose Significantly Enhances Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Adherence To Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through Its Effects On Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Production, Prageeth Wijemanne, Rodney A. Moxley
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
The present study tested whether exposure of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to glucose at different concentrations in the media results in increased bacterial adherence to host cells through increased heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) production, thereby suggesting the effects are physiological. Porcine-origin ETEC strains grown in Casamino acid yeast extract medium containing different concentrations of glucose were washed and inoculated onto IPEC-J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells to test for effects on adherence and host cell cAMP concentrations. Consistent with previous studies, all LT+ strains had higher ETEC adherence to IPEC-J2 cells than did LT2 strains. Adherence of the LT2 but not the …
Infection And Immunity In The Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei,
2014
Iowa State University
Infection And Immunity In The Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei, John Dustin Loy
John Loy
Infectious diseases are significant impediments to the growth and sustainability of commercial shrimp aquaculture. Endemic diseases such as that caused by the obligate intracellular parasite the Necrotizing Hepatopancreatitis Bacterium (NHPB), cause significant losses to shrimp producers thoughout the Americas. New and emerging viral diseases, such as that caused by Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), have caused tremendous economic losses in farmed Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), since it emerged in Brazil and subsequently spread across the globe to Indonesia. No methods exist to propagate and model these infections in vitro), as no cell culture lines are available for shrimp. Therefore, we …
Acceptance Of Simulated Oral Rabies Vaccine Baits By Urban Raccoons,
2014
National Park Service
Acceptance Of Simulated Oral Rabies Vaccine Baits By Urban Raccoons, John Hadidian, Suzanne R. Jenkins, David H. Johnston, Peter J. Savarie, Victor F. Nettles, David M. Manski, George M. Baer
John Hadidian, PhD
In summer 1986, a study was conducted to evaluate raccoon (Procyon lotor) acceptance of oral baits that could be used for rabies vaccination, One thousand wax-coated sponge bait cubes were filled with 5 mg of a seromarker (iophenoxic acid), placed in polyethylene bags, and hand-distributed in an 80 ha area within an urban National Park in Washington, D.C. (USA), After 3 wk, target and nontarget animals were trapped and blood samples collected to evaluate bait uptake. Thirty-three of 52 (63%) raccoons had elevated blood iodine levels indicating they had eaten at least one bait, 13 (25%) were negative, and six …
The Human/Animal Interface: Emergence And Resurgence Of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases,
2014
The Humane Society of the United States
The Human/Animal Interface: Emergence And Resurgence Of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Michael Greger
Michael Greger, MD, FACLM
Emerging infectious diseases, most of which are considered zoonotic in origin, continue to exact a significant toll on society. The origins of major human infectious diseases are reviewed and the factors underlying disease emergence explored. Anthropogenic changes, largely in land use and agriculture, are implicated in the apparent increased frequency of emergence and reemergence of zoonoses in recent decades. Special emphasis is placed on the pathogen with likely the greatest zoonotic potential, influenzavirus A.
Amyloid Fibrils: Potential Food Safety Implications,
2014
The Humane Society of the United States
Amyloid Fibrils: Potential Food Safety Implications, Michael Greger
Michael Greger, MD, FACLM
The demonstration of oral Amyloid-A (AA) fibril transmissibility has raised food safety questions about the consumption of amyloidotic viscera. In a presumed prion-like mechanism, amyloid fibrils have been shown to trigger and accelerate the development of AA amyloidosis in rodent models. The finding of amyloid fibrils in edible avian and mammalian food animal tissues, combined with the inability of cooking temperatures to eliminate their amyloidogenic potential, has led to concerns that products such as pâté de foie gras may activate a reactive systemic amyloidosis in susceptible consumers. Given the ability of amyloid fibrils to cross-seed the formation of chemically heterologous …
Their Bugs Are Worse Than Their Bite: Emerging Infectious Disease And The Human-Animal Interface,
2014
The Humane Society of the United States
Their Bugs Are Worse Than Their Bite: Emerging Infectious Disease And The Human-Animal Interface, Michael Greger
Michael Greger, MD, FACLM
In the twenty-five years since that announcement, what we now know as AIDS has killed 20 million people (National AIDS Trust 2005). Where did the AIDS virus— and other emerging diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola, mad cow— come from?
The Spread And Potential Control Of Disease Across The Domestic Cattle-Wildlife Interface,
2014
University of Tennessee - Knoxville
The Spread And Potential Control Of Disease Across The Domestic Cattle-Wildlife Interface, Rachel Jackson
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Effects On Pinniped Immune Response Upon In Vitro Exposure To The Perfluorinated Compounds, Pfos And Pfoa,
2014
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Effects On Pinniped Immune Response Upon In Vitro Exposure To The Perfluorinated Compounds, Pfos And Pfoa, Elizabeth J. Meiman
Honors Scholar Theses
This study investigated the effects of environmental toxicants on the immune system of two pinniped species, grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and hooded seals (Cystophora cristata). The toxicants included two perfluorinated compounds (PFC), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), compounds commonly found in a wide variety of household consumer products, including Scotchguard and Teflon. Although corporations such as 3M curtailed the use of these chemicals in the past decade, concentrations of these chemicals are increasing in the arctic aquatic ecosystem and have been measured in the tissues and blood of arctic pinnipeds. However, the effects of …
Approaches To Canine Health Surveillance,
2014
The Royal Veterinary College
Approaches To Canine Health Surveillance, Dan G. O'Neill, David B. Church, Paul D. Mcgreevy, Peter C. Thomson, Dave C. Brodbelt
Epidemiology Collection
Effective canine health surveillance systems can be used to monitor disease in the general population, prioritise disorders for strategic control and focus clinical research, and to evaluate the success of these measures. The key attributes for optimal data collection systems that support canine disease surveillance are representativeness of the general population, validity of disorder data and sustainability. Limitations in these areas present as selection bias, misclassification bias and discontinuation of the system respectively. Canine health data sources are reviewed to identify their strengths and weaknesses for supporting effective canine health surveillance. Insurance data benefit from large and well-defined denominator populations …
Forecasting The Spread Of Raccoon Rabies Using A Purpose-Specific Group Decision-Making Process.,
2014
USDA/APHIS/WS National Wildlife Research Center
Forecasting The Spread Of Raccoon Rabies Using A Purpose-Specific Group Decision-Making Process., Aaron M. Anderson, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Richard B. Chipman, Todd C. Atwood, Tyler Cozzens, Frank Fillo, Robert Hale, Brody Hatch, Joanne Maki, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Erin E. Rees, Charles E. Rupprecht, Rowland Tinline, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Dennis Slate
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and USDA Wildlife Services (WS) have been involved in an oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program for raccoons (Procyon lotor) that has slowed the westward spread of raccoon rabies. The objective of this study was to forecast the spread of the disease if an ORV zone was not maintained. A group decision-making process was designed to address the forecasting problem and was implemented using a group of 15 experts and 4 support personnel at a meeting at the USDA National Wildlife Research Center. Ten expansion regions were constructed that described the spread of …
Evaluation Of Wing Fractures On Survival And Re-Release,
2014
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Evaluation Of Wing Fractures On Survival And Re-Release, Katherine O'Neill
Animal Science
No abstract provided.
Prevalence Of Disorders Recorded In Dogs Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices In England,
2014
The Royal Veterinary College
Prevalence Of Disorders Recorded In Dogs Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices In England, Dan G. O'Neill, David B. Church, Paul D. Mcgreevy, Peter C. Thomson, Dave C. Brodbelt
Epidemiology Collection
Purebred dog health is thought to be compromised by an increasing occurence of inherited diseases but inadequate prevalence data on common disorders have hampered efforts to prioritise health reforms. Analysis of primary veterinary practice clinical data has been proposed for reliable estimation of disorder prevalence in dogs. Electronic patient record (EPR) data were collected on 148,741 dogs attending 93 clinics across central and south-eastern England. Analysis in detail of a random sample of EPRs relating to 3,884 dogs from 89 clinics identified the most frequently recorded disorders as otitis externa (prevalence 10.2%, 95% CI: 9.1–11.3), periodontal disease (9.3%, 95% CI: …
Rabia Humana En Colombia En El Periodo 2005 - 2012, Factores Asociados A Su Presentación Y Recomendaciones Para Su Prevención,
2014
Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá
Rabia Humana En Colombia En El Periodo 2005 - 2012, Factores Asociados A Su Presentación Y Recomendaciones Para Su Prevención, Sara Lorena Rojas Durán, Viviana Carolina Trujillo Rojas
Medicina Veterinaria
La rabia es una enfermedad zoonótica fatal y un problema de suma importancia para la salud pública tanto en Colombia como en el mundo entero. Todos los mamíferos son susceptibles de padecer la enfermedad y se sabe que en Colombia el virus ha circulado por todas las regiones. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar factores asociados a la presentación de la enfermedad, así como algunas estrategias que sirvan para disminuir la presentación de casos. Para este fin se revisaron todas las historias clínicas y/o fichas de notificación (591) disponibles en el Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS). Esta información se …
Percepción De La Población Del Municipio De Guamal, Meta Sobre La Promoción Y Aplicación De Los Programas Antirrábicos En El Año 2014,
2014
Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá
Percepción De La Población Del Municipio De Guamal, Meta Sobre La Promoción Y Aplicación De Los Programas Antirrábicos En El Año 2014, Zully Esperanza Castañeda Suárez, Gina Jaqueline Ramírez Soto
Medicina Veterinaria
La rabia ha sido una enfermedad zoonótica muy temida, debido a su gran impacto en salud pública a nivel mundial. La vacuna antirrábica, es un tratamiento preventivo, eficaz e inocuo, pese a ser inmunoprevenible, muchas personas y animales enferman; alcanzando el porcentaje de letalidad hasta un 100% de los individuos que enferman. Anualmente mueren cerca de 50000 personas debido a este mal. Existen dos ciclos de la rabia, el ciclo urbano y el ciclo silvestre, en el primero, el animal transmisor es el perro; se estima que el 90% de los casos de rabia anual son debidos a este ciclo. …
