Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons^™

Optimizing The Purification Of Wild Type And Mutant Recombinant Phospholipase D: Approaches To Developing A C. Pseudotuberculosis Vaccine, Utsav M. Patwardhan

Biochemistry Student Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Multilocus Sequence Analysis And Virulence Genotyping Of Escherichia Coli From Live Birds, Retail Poultry Meat, And Human Extraintestinal Infection, Jessica L. Danzeisen, Yvonne Wannemuehler, Lisa K. Nolan, Timothy J. Johnson

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

To examine the correlations between virulence genotyping and multilocus sequence analysis of Escherichia coli from poultry and humans, 88 isolates were examined. The isolates were selected from a population of over 1000 based on their assignment to nine different virulence genotyping clusters. Clustering based on multilocus sequence analysis mostly correlated with virulence genotyping, although multilocus sequence analysis demonstrated higher discriminatory ability and greater reliability related to inferred phylogenetic relationships. No distinct patterns in host source were observed using inferred phylogeny through multilocus sequence analysis, indicating that human, avian, and retail meat isolates are diverse, and some belong to multiple shared ...

Strong Concordance Between Transcriptomic Patterns Of Spleen And Peripheral Blood Leukocytes In Response To Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Infection, Erin E. Sandford, Megan Orr, Xianyao Li, Huaijun Zhou, Timothy J. Johnson, Subhashinie Kariyawasam, Peng Liu, Lisa K. Nolan, Susan J. Lamont

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes morbidity in chickens and exhibits zoonotic potential. Understanding host transcriptional responses to infection aids the understanding of protective mechanisms and serves to inform future colibacillosis control strategies. Transcriptomes of spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) of the same individual birds in response to APEC infection were compared to identify common response patterns and connecting pathways. More than 100 genes in three contrasts examining pathology and infection status were significantly differentially expressed in both tissues and similarly regulated. Tissue-specific differences in catalytic activity, however, appear between birds with mild and severe pathology responses. Early expression ...

Genotypic And Phenotypic Traits That Distinguish Neonatal Meningitis-Associated Escherichia Coli From Fecal E. Coli Isolates Of Healthy Human Hosts, Catherine M. Logue, Curt Doetkott, Paul M. Mangiamele, Yvonne Wannemuehler, Timothy J. Johnson, Kelly A. Tivendale, Ganwu Li, Julie S. Sherwood, Lisa K. Nolan

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Neonatal meningitis Escherichia coli (NMEC) is one of the top causes of neonatal meningitis worldwide. Here, 85 NMEC and 204 fecal E. coli isolates from healthy humans (HFEC) were compared for possession of traits related to virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and plasmid content. This comparison was done to identify traits that typify NMEC and distinguish it from commensal strains to refine the definition of the NMEC subpathotype, identify traits that might contribute to NMEC pathogenesis, and facilitate choices of NMEC strains for future study. A large number of E. coli strains from both groups were untypeable, with the most common serogroups ...

Escherichia Coli Isolates That Carry Vat, Fyua, Chua, And Yfcv Efficiently Colonize The Urinary Tract, Rachel R. Spurbeck, Paul C. Dinh Jr., Seth T. Walk, Ann E. Stapleton, Thomas M. Hooton, Lisa K. Nolan, Kwang Sik Kim, James R. Johnson, Harry L. T. Mobley

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Extraintestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC), a heterogeneous group of pathogens, encompasses avian, neonatal meningitis, and uropathogenic E. coli strains. While several virulence factors are associated with ExPEC, there is no core set of virulence factors that can be used to definitively differentiate these pathotypes. Here we describe a multiplex of four virulence factor-encoding genes, yfcV, vat,fyuA, and chuA, highly associated with uropathogenic E. coli strains that can distinguish three groups of E. coli: diarrheagenic and animal-associated E. colistrains, human commensal and avian pathogenic E. coli strains, and uropathogenic and neonatal meningitis E. coli strains. Furthermore, human intestinal isolates that encode ...

Complete Genome Sequence Of The Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Strain Apec O78, Paul M. Mangiamele, Bryon A. Nicholson, Yvonne Wannemuehler, Torsten Seemann, Catherine M. Logue, Ganwu Li, Kelly A. Tivendale, Lisa K. Nolan

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Colibacillosis, caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), is a significant disease, causing extensive animal and financial losses globally. Because of the significance of this disease, more knowledge is needed regarding APEC's mechanisms of virulence. Here, we present the fully closed genome sequence of a typical avian pathogenic E. coli strain belonging to the serogroup O78.

Deep Sequencing-Based Transcriptome Analysis Of Chicken Spleen In Response To Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli (Apec) Infection, Qinghua Nie, Xiquan Zhang, Erin E. Sandford, Susan J. Lamont, Lisa K. Nolan

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) leads to economic losses in poultry production and is also a threat to human health. The goal of this study was to characterize the chicken spleen transcriptome and to identify candidate genes for response and resistance to APEC infection using Solexa sequencing. We obtained 14422935, 14104324, and 14954692 Solexa read pairs for non-challenged (NC), challenged-mild pathology (MD), and challenged-severe pathology (SV), respectively. A total of 148197 contigs and 98461 unigenes were assembled, of which 134949 contigs and 91890 unigenes match the chicken genome. In total, 12272 annotated unigenes take part in biological processes (11664), cellular ...

Genome Analysis And Phylogenetic Relatedness Of Gallibacterium Anatis Strains From Poultry, Timothy J. Johnson, Jessica L. Danzeisen, Darrell W. Trampel, Lisa K. Nolan, Torsten Seemann, Ragnhild J. Bager, Anders M. Bojesen

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Peritonitis is the major disease problem of laying hens in commercial table egg and parent stock operations. Despite its importance, the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease have not been completely clarified. Although avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates have been incriminated as the causative agent of laying hen peritonitis, Gallibacterium anatis are frequently isolated from peritonitis lesions. Despite recent studies suggesting a role for G. anatis in the pathogenesis of peritonitis, little is known about the organism’s virulence mechanisms, genomic composition and population dynamics. Here, we compared the genome sequences of three G. anatis isolates in an effort ...

Porcine E. Coli: Virulence-Associated Genes, Resistance Genes And Adhesion And Probiotic Activity Tested By A New Screening Method, Peter Schierack, Stefan Rödiger, Christoph Kuhl, Rico Hiemann, Dirk Roggenbuck, Ganwu Li, Jörg Weinreich, Enrico Berger, Lisa K. Nolan, Bryon A. Nicholson, Antje Römer, Ulrike Frömmel, Lothar H. Wieler, Christian Schröder

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

We established an automated screening method to characterize adhesion of Escherichia colito intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and their probiotic activity against infection by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). 104 intestinal E. coli isolates from domestic pigs were tested by PCR for the occurrence of virulence-associated genes, genes coding for resistances to antimicrobial agents and metals, and for phylogenetic origin by PCR. Adhesion rates and probiotic activity were examined for correlation with the presence of these genes. Finally, data were compared with those from 93 E. coli isolates from wild boars.

Isolates from domestic pigs carried a broad variety of ...

Socioeconomic Determinants Of Geographic Disparities In Campylobacteriosis Risk: A Comparison Of Global And Local Modeling Approaches, Jennifer Weisent, Barton Rohrbach, John Dunn, Agricola Odoi

Agricola Odoi

Background: Socioeconomic factors play a complex role in determining the risk of campylobacteriosis. Understanding the spatial interplay between these factors and disease risk can guide disease control programs. Historically, Poisson and negative binomial models have been used to investigate determinants of geographic disparities in risk. Spatial regression models, which allow modeling of spatial effects, have been used to improve these modeling efforts. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) takes this a step further by estimating local regression coefficients, thereby allowing estimations of associations that vary in space. These recent approaches increase our understanding of how geography influences the associations between determinants and ...