Geographic Patterns In The Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Species From Qinghai-Tibetan And Inner Mongolian Plateau,
2023
Zhengzhou College of Animal Husbandry, China
Geographic Patterns In The Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Species From Qinghai-Tibetan And Inner Mongolian Plateau, Xuebing Yan, Yuxia Guo, Z. He, W. Kun
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The genus Elymus is the largest genus in the tribe Triticeae with about 150 species distributed in most temperate regions of the world (Dewey, 1984). The genetic diversity of Elymus spp. from alpine regions is very important for improving resistance to adverse condition. The goals of this study were to investigate micro- satellite and enzyme polymorphism and population structure of different regions and Elymus spp. in China.
Divergent Breeding For Tiller Digestibility Modified Leaf, Sheath, And Stem Composition Of Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.),
2023
USDA-ARS
Divergent Breeding For Tiller Digestibility Modified Leaf, Sheath, And Stem Composition Of Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.), K. P. Vogel, G. Sarath, R. Mitchell
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L.) is a cross-pollinated, C4 species that is native to the prairies of temperate North America. Breeding to improve its forage quality has been conducted using post-heading, whole-tiller in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) as the selection criterion. One breeding cycle (C-1) for low IVDMD and three cycles for high IVDMD (C1, C2, C3) were completed in a switchgrass population adapted to the USA mid-latitudes. Sward trials demonstrated that whole plant IVDMD had been improved (Hopkins et al., 1993). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of breeding for tiller …
Genetic Structure Of Mongolian Wheatgrass (Agroypron Mongolicum Keng) In Inner Mongolia Of China,
2023
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
Genetic Structure Of Mongolian Wheatgrass (Agroypron Mongolicum Keng) In Inner Mongolia Of China, Y. Jinfeng, Mengli Zhao, X. Xinmin
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Mongolia wheatgrass (Agroypron mongolicum) is a cross-pollinated, long-lived, cool-season and drought-resistant perennial bunchgrass, which plays an important role in arid and semi-arid grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Collections of A. mongolicum from different areas of Inner Mongolia are valuable sources of useful genes for its breeding. The genetic diversity of 8 accessions of A. mongolicum were examined in this study. A dendrogram was constructed to obtain information on the relationship between cultivated and wild A. mongolicum genotypes, which is basic information to explore the possibility of its use in intra- and inter-specific breeding programs.
Genetic Engineering For Breeding For Drought Resistance And Salt Tolerance In Agropyron Spp. (Wheatgrass),
2023
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
Genetic Engineering For Breeding For Drought Resistance And Salt Tolerance In Agropyron Spp. (Wheatgrass), Fugui Mi, Jinfeng Yun, Xiuwen Huo
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Genetic engineering for breeding for drought resistance and salt tolerance in wheatgrass, lucerne and tall fescue is one of the main projects in major national programs of 10th five-year national plan: Research of gene transfer in plants and its industrialisation. The project is a large one that has the financial support for forage crops in China and many research institutes and universities take part in it. The Inner Mongolia Agricultural University is in charge of the project on wheatgrass. The research was started in Nov. 2002. The general situation and the primary results are introduced and summarised in this …
Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants,
2023
Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Mongolia
Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants, D. Tsogoo, Sh. Batsukh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Mongolian rangelands harbour 564 genera, 128 families and 2,823 species of plants (Gubanov, 1996). Approximately 600 species can be used as forage plants (Yunatov, 1968). There are 5 to 6 species of perennial forage plants that are unique to Mongolia and the country has a domestic cultivar "Burgaltai" of lucerne. This paper provides the results of a study on vegetative and seed yield of germplasm collected from naturally occurring forage plants during 1976-2003. To date, seeds have been collected and are involved in the experimental work from approximately 70 percent of forage plants available at the forage plant …
Introgression Breeding For Improvement Of Winter Hardiness In Lolium /Festuca Complex Using Androgenenesis,
2023
National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Japan
Introgression Breeding For Improvement Of Winter Hardiness In Lolium /Festuca Complex Using Androgenenesis, T. Yamada, Y. D. Guo, Y. Mizukami
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Intergeneric hybrids between closely related Lolium and Festuca species are used to broaden the gene pool and provide plant breeders with options to combine complementary traits to develop robust but high quality grass varieties. Androgenesis was found to be an effective procedure for selecting Lolium-Festuca genotypes comprising gene combinations rarely or never recovered by conventional backcross breeding programs. Here we describe the optimisation of androgenesis in Lolium perenne x Festuca pratensis. The male fertility and freezing tolerance of the Festulolium microspore-derived progenies were analysed and these progenies were also analysed by using genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH). …
Morphological Characteristic To Discriminate Festulolium Hybrids (Festuca Pratensis × Lolium Perenne),
2023
Agricultural University of Lublin, Poland
Morphological Characteristic To Discriminate Festulolium Hybrids (Festuca Pratensis × Lolium Perenne), Mariusz Kulik, Z. Zwierzykowski, W. Jokś
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Environmental change and uncertainty is likely to pose new challenges in plant breeders. Recently attention has focused on the crossing of Lolium and Festuca species to obtain hybrids exhibiting many desirable traits of both parents. Key objectives of such programs are to combine the persistency, winter hardiness and drought tolerance of fescues with the high herbage yields and quality of ryegrasses (Zwierzykowski, Naganowska, 1994). One of the hybrids with great practical significance is a F. pratensis × L. perenne hybrid [Festulolium loliaceum (Huds.) P.V. Fourn]. Many morphological traits of Festulolium hybrids demonstrate intermediate character, however, in relation to inflorescence …
Towards Understanding Photoperiodic Response In Grasses,
2023
AgResearch, New Zealand
Towards Understanding Photoperiodic Response In Grasses, M. Gagic, I. Kardailsky, N. Forester, B. Veit, J. Putterill
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In many plants, day length is the critical environmental parameter that controls flowering time. In long day plants, such as Arabidopsis and ryegrass (Lolium perenne), increasing day length in spring signals flowering, while in short day plants like rice, flowering is accelerated when days become shorter. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms that govern this response. Most results have been obtained in the model plant Arabidopsis where CONSTANS (CO) is a critical candidate gene. Upstream of it is the GIGANTEA (GI) gene which is associated with the circadian clock mechanism (1). The …
The Identification Of Genetic Synteny Between Lolium Perenne Chromosome 7 And Rice Chromosome 6 Genomic Regions That Have Major Effects On Heading-Date,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
The Identification Of Genetic Synteny Between Lolium Perenne Chromosome 7 And Rice Chromosome 6 Genomic Regions That Have Major Effects On Heading-Date, I. P. Armstead, L. B. Turner, L. Skøt, I. S. Donnison, M. O. Humphreys, I. P. King
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Comparative genetic mapping between plant species has established that there has been a conservation of genomic organisation which reflects evolutionary relationships. The genetic mapping of L. perenne has identified such syntenic relationships with both the Triticeae and rice. The recent publication of the complete sequence of the rice genome has allowed these relationships to be analysed more closely and has raised the possibility of using the rice genome as a template for chromosome landing-based gene identification in related non-model species. The aim of the present work was to map particular markers and genes associated with heading-date in rice in L. …
An In Silico Dna Sequence Comparison Of The Perennial Ryegrass And Rice Genomes,
2023
AgResearch Ltd, New Zealand
An In Silico Dna Sequence Comparison Of The Perennial Ryegrass And Rice Genomes, Marty J. Faville
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Comparative mapping studies in the family Poaceae, which includes rice (a model species for this family) and perennial ryegrass (PRG) have indicated macro-colinearity of genes is generally conserved across different genomes. Genome mapping of simple sequence repeat markers derived from expressed sequence tags (EST-SSRs) for PRG (Faville et al., 2004) provides a vehicle for DNA sequence-based matching of mapped PRG genes to orthologous positions in the rice genome, which can be used to establish comparative relationships between these species’ genomes. We have initiated such an analysis using an EST-SSR-based PRG genome map. Our objective was to assess this in …
The Feasibility Of Autoclave-Assisted Water Soluble Carbohydrate Extraction To Distinguish Annual Ryegrass Genotypes At The Seedling Stage,
2023
EMBRAPA, Brazil
The Feasibility Of Autoclave-Assisted Water Soluble Carbohydrate Extraction To Distinguish Annual Ryegrass Genotypes At The Seedling Stage, L. P. Passos, F. B. De Sousa, A. Mittelmann, M. C. Vidigal, I. G. Perry, L. O. Cruz, J. A. Magalhães
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) swards are being used increasingly in Southern Brazil as animal forage (Carvalho et al., 2001). As observed elsewhere, reduced forage availability and quality during dry or cold seasons often limits the efficacy of pasture utilisation. As reported by Meissner et al. (1992), this demands breeding efforts to improve forage nutritive value. However, lack of concurrent examination of large number of samples for important nutritional parameters, like water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) levels, which could lead to more precise selection strategies, is a common constraint of those programs. This study aimed to verify the suitability …
A Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Root Distribution In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.),
2023
AgResearch, New Zealand
A Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Root Distribution In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), Marty J. Faville, James R. Crush, H. S. Easton
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Root system architecture impacts perennial ryegrass performance, with deeper roots potentially contributing to drought tolerance, nutrient interception, and anchoring of plants. Root mass in a perennial ryegrass sward is typically shallow, concentrated in the top 10 cm of soil (Troughton 1957). Phenotypic selection for deeper root systems in breeding programmes is limited by the inaccessibility of underground plant components. We aim to use quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to discover genetic factors influencing root architecture traits, including vertical root distribution, in perennial ryegrass. Ultimately, markers linked to root architecture QTL may be used in a marker-assisted selection strategy that would …
Variability And Correlations Of Some Investigated Traits Of Perennial Ryegrass Populations,
2023
Institute Serbia, Serbia
Variability And Correlations Of Some Investigated Traits Of Perennial Ryegrass Populations, D. Sokolovic, S. Ignjatovic, Z. Tomic
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is one of the most important perennial forage grasses for temperate climates. It is a highly productive grass with the highest nutritive value (Sokolovi et al., 2002). In Serbia, breeders have developed perennial ryegrass cultivars with high stabile yield and quality with different times of maturity and resistance to drought and frost. The initial breeding material were usually wild populations (Charmet et. al., 1996) with high variability and adaptability. These characteristics lend themselves for selection of superior genotypes. But breeding for some important agronomic traits may influence others. This relationship between traits …
Cattle Production From Native Pastures In The Semi-Humid Grasslands Of Uganda,
2023
Makerere University, Uganda
Cattle Production From Native Pastures In The Semi-Humid Grasslands Of Uganda, S. Okello, Elly N. Sabiiti
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The cattle population of Uganda, estimated at 6 million, consists of more than 95% indigenous stock, raised on the semi-arid and semi-humid grasslands that make up 48% of the total land area and which supply over 85% of the marketed milk and meat. Native grassland pastures, which vary seasonal in quantity and quality due to rainfall and temperature variations, are the sole feed resource for cattle (Mbuza et al., 1992). This study examined the effects of seasonal herbage mass (HM), dietary crude protein (CPd), detergent lignin (ADLd) and digestibility (DiG) on body condition scores of …
The Seasonal Dry Matter Production And Carrying Capacity Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover,
2023
Western Cape Department of Agriculture, South Africa
The Seasonal Dry Matter Production And Carrying Capacity Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In the main milk producing areas of the Southern Cape, kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) is considered an important summer and autumn pasture which is climatologically well adapted. The main problem experienced with kikuyu is that winter and spring production is low and the exclusion of legumes make it dependent of nitrogen fertiliser and that increases the input cost. The aim of the study was to quantify the seasonal dry matter (DM) yield and carrying capacity of kikuyu (K) through treatments involving kikuyu oversown with annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp.) (KR), kikuyu oversown with a mixture of perennial ryegrass …
The Seasonal Botanical Composition, Calcium And Phosphorus Content Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover,
2023
Agriculture Western Cape, South Africa
The Seasonal Botanical Composition, Calcium And Phosphorus Content Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) is one of the major grasses used for summer and autumn grazing in the Southern Cape coast area of South Africa. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp.), perennial white (Trifolium repens) and red clover (Trifolium pratense) can be incorporated into an existing kikuyu stand to improve pasture quality and spring production. The aim of this study was to determine the persistence of these species and effects on the calcium and phosphorus content of kikuyu (K), kikuyu oversown with annual ryegrass (KR), kikuyu oversown with a mixture of perennial ryegrass (L. …
Varietal Differences In Perennial Ryegrass For Fructan Metabolism And Their Relationship To Grazing Tolerance,
2023
Université de Caen, France
Varietal Differences In Perennial Ryegrass For Fructan Metabolism And Their Relationship To Grazing Tolerance, B. Lasseur, J. Lothier, A. Morvan-Bertrand, M. O. Humphreys, M. P. Prud'homme
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the most important grass in Europe; it often is defoliated. The link between fructan metabolism and defoliation tolerance has been studied in 2 Lolium perenne varieties, Aurora (high sugar perennial) and Perma (low-to-normal sugar perennial) (Turner et al., 2002).
Variability In Quantity And Composition Of Water Soluble Carbohydrates Among Irish Accessions And European Varieties Of Perennial Ryegrass,
2023
Teagasc, Ireland
Variability In Quantity And Composition Of Water Soluble Carbohydrates Among Irish Accessions And European Varieties Of Perennial Ryegrass, S. Mcgrath, S. Barth, A. Frohlich, M. Francioso, S. A. Lamorte, T. R. Hodkinson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of this study was to identify perennial ryegrass accessions displaying high fructose and glucose contents and an improved ratio between fructose and glucose fractions across different time points throughout the year. Fructose and glucose are the main constituents of the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) fraction in perennial ryegrass. For animal nutrition the amount of WSC is crucial as it is the primary energy source available to metabolise the intake of plant protein. The ratio between fructose and glucose fractions is important since fructosan chains, which are an excellent energy source for ruminants, are built from fructose. Furthermore the …
Breeding Of Cms-F1-Hybrids In Lolium Perenne With Improved Nitrogen Use Efficiency,
2023
NPZ, Germany
Breeding Of Cms-F1-Hybrids In Lolium Perenne With Improved Nitrogen Use Efficiency, W. Luesink, B. Ingwersen, L. Wolters, J. De Riek
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The environmental pollution by nitrogen losses from dairy farms can be reduced by improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of grass varieties. The main goal is to develop varieties with a better nitrogen utilisation. These low input varieties can produce acceptable yields at a low level of N-fertilisation. High input varieties express their high yield potential only at high N-supply. These varieties are less preferable, because N- losses increase at higher levels of nitrogen application. The breeding of CMS-F1-Hybrids can be a successful strategy for developing varieties with a higher NUE. In F1-Hybrid varieties higher heterosis effects can be achieved …
A Survey Of European Regional Adaptation In Italian Ryegrass Varieties,
2023
Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland, UK
A Survey Of European Regional Adaptation In Italian Ryegrass Varieties, T. J. Gilliland, A. J. P. Van Wijk
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Ryegrass is widely adapted to cool temperate eco-zones and breeders often submit individual varieties for testing in a number of EU countries. National testing programmes often combine data from several trial sites that may differ climatically, but not from sites in other member states, despite the possibility of high ecological similarity. Given increasing interest in animal value characters (soluble sugars, lipids, sward geometry), additional testing for these would be valuable but is prohibited by capped or declining funding. Data sharing between EU national authorities could be advantageous but is inhibited by the lack of statistically valid data on the sensitivity …
