Snp Discovery And Haplotypic Variation In Full-Length Herbage Quality Genes Of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.),
2023
Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, Australia
Snp Discovery And Haplotypic Variation In Full-Length Herbage Quality Genes Of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), R. C. Ponting, M. C. Drayton, N. O. I. Cogan, G. C. Spangenberg, K. F. Smith, J. W. Forster
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The development of forages with enhanced nutritive value through improvements of herbage quality (digestibility, carbohydrate content) is potentially capable of increasing both meat and milk production by up to 25%. However, the expense and time-consuming nature of the relevant biochemical and biophysical assays has limited breeding improvement for forage quality. The development of accurate high-throughput molecular marker-based selection systems such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) permits evaluation of genetic variation and selection of favourable variants to accelerate the production of elite new varieties.
Use Of Cross-Species Amplification Markers For Pollen-Medicated Gene Flow Determination In Trifolium Polymorphum Poiret,
2023
INIA, Uruguay
Use Of Cross-Species Amplification Markers For Pollen-Medicated Gene Flow Determination In Trifolium Polymorphum Poiret, M. Dalla Rizza, D. Real, R. Reyno, K. Quesenberry
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The species Trifolium polymorphum Poiret is endemic to Uruguay and is widespread in native grasslands throughout the country. Preliminary observations suggested that the aerial flowers are chasmogamous (open at maturity for potential cross-pollination) while the basal flowers are cleistogamous. Several approaches have been practised to determine the reproductive system of forage legumes by the aid of co-dominant markers (Real et al., 2004; Dalla Rizza et al., 2004). The aim of this study is to explore cross-species amplification as a quick approach to obtain co-dominant markers to study the breeding system of T. polymorphum.
Development Of Genetic Markers For Drought Tolerance In Festuca-Lolium Complexes,
2023
Michigan State University
Development Of Genetic Markers For Drought Tolerance In Festuca-Lolium Complexes, J. P. Wang, S. S. Bughrara
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Drought stress is one of the most complex environmental constraints on turf. It is a major factor limiting the growth of cool-season turf grasses in a wide range of climatic regions. As water conservation becomes increasingly limiting, the development of drought tolerant lines becomes important. However, the progress in breeding turfgrass for drought resistance has been very slow, primarily because of the genetic complexity of drought stress responses and lack of screening procedures for rapid selection of germplasm with superior drought tolerance. Marker assisted selection (MAS) provides breeders with valuable tools to develop newer germplasm with improved drought tolerance (Quarrie …
Isolation And Characterisation Of Genes Encoding Ice Recrystallisation Inhibition Proteins (Irips) In The Cryophilic Antarctic Hair-Grass (Deschampsia Antarctica) And The Temperate Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne),
2023
La Trobe University, Australia
Isolation And Characterisation Of Genes Encoding Ice Recrystallisation Inhibition Proteins (Irips) In The Cryophilic Antarctic Hair-Grass (Deschampsia Antarctica) And The Temperate Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne), U. P. John, R. M. Polotnianka, K. A. Sivakumaran, L. Mackin, M. J. Kuiper, J. P. Talbot, O. Chew, G. D. Nugent, N. O. I. Cogan, M. C. Drayton, J. W. Forster, G. E. Schrauf, G. C. Spangenberg
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Antarctic hairgrass (D. antarctica Desv.), the only grass species indigenous to Antarctica, has a well developed tolerance of freezing, strongly induced by cold-acclimation. In response to low temperatures D. antarctica exhibits recrystallisation inhibition (RI) activity, localised to the apoplasm, that prevents further growth of ice crystals following freezing.
Optimising Forage Production On Degraded Lands In The Dry Tropics Through Silvopastoral Systems,
2023
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, India
Optimising Forage Production On Degraded Lands In The Dry Tropics Through Silvopastoral Systems, P. S. Pathak
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In India, 187 M ha out of a total area of 328 M ha face the problem of land degradation, mostly due to water and wind erosion. The problems are aggravated by poor land cover and increasing pressure of human and livestock populations. There is over-exploitation of the scarce resources of forage and firewood. Several techniques, including watershed based silvopastoral land use have been proposed (Patil & Pathak, 1977). Tree, grass and legume based systems have been tried after land treatment to reduce runoff and soil loss while meeting the forage needs of the livestock and firewood for cooking in …
Agroforestry Systems In Cuba: Some Aspects Of Animal Production,
2023
Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes, Cuba
Agroforestry Systems In Cuba: Some Aspects Of Animal Production, J. M. Iglesias, L. Simón, L. Lamela, I. Hernández, M. Milera, T. Sánchez
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The silvopastoral systems, that nowadays constitute scientific achievements of the Grasses and Forages Research Station “Indio Hatuey ", have been developed from the results of investigations that were carried out since the 1980s, to improve the productivity of natural pastures through the introduction of valuable herbaceous species and tree legumes. Those investigations also determined the essential elements of pasture management such as the optimal stocking rates for low input systems and suitable methods of grazing to obtain sustainability of grasslands.
Hedgerow Systems And Livestock In Philippine Grasslands: Ghg Emissions,
2023
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines
Hedgerow Systems And Livestock In Philippine Grasslands: Ghg Emissions, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, E. Abucay, R. G. Visco, R. N. Miole, E. L. Abas, G. M. Comajig, A. D. Calub
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Hedgerow systems are widely adopted in the smallholder farms in the sloping grassland areas of Claveria, Mindanao, Philippines. The system is effective in addressing soil erosion problems and in conserving the topsoil. Gmelina arborea and Eucalyptus deglupta are two fast-growing timber species that are planted in hedgerow systems while maize is planted in the alley areas in between the hedgerows. Livestock holdings are widespread in Claveria, with 74% of the households having livestock. Cattle and carabao are the most common livestock in smallholder farms providing draught power for land preparation and transportation. In hedgerow systems, fodder tree leaves and crop …
Grazing Prohibition Programme And Sustainable Development Of Grassland In China,
2023
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Grazing Prohibition Programme And Sustainable Development Of Grassland In China, X. Y. Hou, L. Yang
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Prohibition of grazing is now the main grassland management measure in China. From 1999, prohibition of grazing has been implemented on a trial basis in some areas. From 2001, the grazing prohibition programme (GPP) has been carried out in five provinces (Shaanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Jilin and Yunnan) and two autonomous regions (Inner Mongolia and Ningxia), with the objective of protecting and restoring grassland by seasonal or yearly banning of grazing with subsidiary assistances. The area within which grazing was prohibited of 2.93×107 ha in 2001 was increased to over 3.33×107 ha in 2004. With a view to improving …
Forage Arachis In Nepal: A Simple Success,
2023
"Oaky Creek" Wilson's Downfall, Australia
Forage Arachis In Nepal: A Simple Success, A. D. Robertson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Nepali farming systems are remarkably diverse. Livestock play a central role in livelihoods and sustainable farming on most farms. There is a need for productive forage legumes that can fit existing farming patterns and that can be multiplied easily. A wide array of genetic material has been introduced recently into the cropping, cut-and-carry, grazing, and forestry systems, mainly in the Terai (Ganges Plain) and in the "mid-hills" to about 2km ASL. In 1999/2000, 8 lines of Arachis pintoi were introduced from CIAT, and additional A. pintoi and A. glabrata lines from Queensland. The introduced arachis was established on a small …
Effect Of Urea-Treated Pennisetum Pedicellatum And Supplementation Of Concentrates With Urea On Milk Production Of "Mossi" Ewes,
2023
Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Effect Of Urea-Treated Pennisetum Pedicellatum And Supplementation Of Concentrates With Urea On Milk Production Of "Mossi" Ewes, V. M. C. Bougouma-Yameogo, A. J. Nianogo
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The "Mossi" sheep is a near parent of "Djallonke" sheep that live in sudano-sahelian area of Burkina Faso. However, there are few available results on dairy production from this breed. The treatment of straw with urea is a technique used in several developing countries to improve the nutritional value of gramineous forages (Sourabié et al., 1995). The aim of this study was to test the influence on the performance of "Mossi" ewes and on milk composition of treatment of Pennisetum pedicellatum (Pp) with urea in comparison with addition of urea to the concentrate feed.
Stem Anatomy Of Switchgrass Plants Developed By Divergent Breeding Cycles For Tiller Digestibility,
2023
USDA-ARS
Stem Anatomy Of Switchgrass Plants Developed By Divergent Breeding Cycles For Tiller Digestibility, G. Sarath, K. P. Vogel, R. Mitchell, L. M. Baird
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L.) is an important perennial forage and biomass crop that is native to the temperate prairies of the North America east of the Rocky Mountains. Breeding for improved forage in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) has been conducted using post-heading, whole-tiller IVDMD as the selection criterion (Hopkins et al., 1993; Vogel et al., 2002). One breeding cycle (C-1) for low IVDMD and three cycles for high IVDMD (C1, C2, C3) were completed in a switchgrass population adapted to the USA mid- latitudes. Sward trials demonstrated that whole plant IVDMD had been improved (Hopkins …
Geographic Patterns In The Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Species From Qinghai-Tibetan And Inner Mongolian Plateau,
2023
Zhengzhou College of Animal Husbandry, China
Geographic Patterns In The Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Species From Qinghai-Tibetan And Inner Mongolian Plateau, Xuebing Yan, Yuxia Guo, Z. He, W. Kun
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The genus Elymus is the largest genus in the tribe Triticeae with about 150 species distributed in most temperate regions of the world (Dewey, 1984). The genetic diversity of Elymus spp. from alpine regions is very important for improving resistance to adverse condition. The goals of this study were to investigate micro- satellite and enzyme polymorphism and population structure of different regions and Elymus spp. in China.
Divergent Breeding For Tiller Digestibility Modified Leaf, Sheath, And Stem Composition Of Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.),
2023
USDA-ARS
Divergent Breeding For Tiller Digestibility Modified Leaf, Sheath, And Stem Composition Of Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.), K. P. Vogel, G. Sarath, R. Mitchell
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L.) is a cross-pollinated, C4 species that is native to the prairies of temperate North America. Breeding to improve its forage quality has been conducted using post-heading, whole-tiller in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) as the selection criterion. One breeding cycle (C-1) for low IVDMD and three cycles for high IVDMD (C1, C2, C3) were completed in a switchgrass population adapted to the USA mid-latitudes. Sward trials demonstrated that whole plant IVDMD had been improved (Hopkins et al., 1993). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of breeding for tiller …
Genetic Structure Of Mongolian Wheatgrass (Agroypron Mongolicum Keng) In Inner Mongolia Of China,
2023
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
Genetic Structure Of Mongolian Wheatgrass (Agroypron Mongolicum Keng) In Inner Mongolia Of China, Y. Jinfeng, Mengli Zhao, X. Xinmin
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Mongolia wheatgrass (Agroypron mongolicum) is a cross-pollinated, long-lived, cool-season and drought-resistant perennial bunchgrass, which plays an important role in arid and semi-arid grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Collections of A. mongolicum from different areas of Inner Mongolia are valuable sources of useful genes for its breeding. The genetic diversity of 8 accessions of A. mongolicum were examined in this study. A dendrogram was constructed to obtain information on the relationship between cultivated and wild A. mongolicum genotypes, which is basic information to explore the possibility of its use in intra- and inter-specific breeding programs.
Genetic Engineering For Breeding For Drought Resistance And Salt Tolerance In Agropyron Spp. (Wheatgrass),
2023
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
Genetic Engineering For Breeding For Drought Resistance And Salt Tolerance In Agropyron Spp. (Wheatgrass), Fugui Mi, Jinfeng Yun, Xiuwen Huo
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Genetic engineering for breeding for drought resistance and salt tolerance in wheatgrass, lucerne and tall fescue is one of the main projects in major national programs of 10th five-year national plan: Research of gene transfer in plants and its industrialisation. The project is a large one that has the financial support for forage crops in China and many research institutes and universities take part in it. The Inner Mongolia Agricultural University is in charge of the project on wheatgrass. The research was started in Nov. 2002. The general situation and the primary results are introduced and summarised in this …
Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants,
2023
Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Mongolia
Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants, D. Tsogoo, Sh. Batsukh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Mongolian rangelands harbour 564 genera, 128 families and 2,823 species of plants (Gubanov, 1996). Approximately 600 species can be used as forage plants (Yunatov, 1968). There are 5 to 6 species of perennial forage plants that are unique to Mongolia and the country has a domestic cultivar "Burgaltai" of lucerne. This paper provides the results of a study on vegetative and seed yield of germplasm collected from naturally occurring forage plants during 1976-2003. To date, seeds have been collected and are involved in the experimental work from approximately 70 percent of forage plants available at the forage plant …
Introgression Breeding For Improvement Of Winter Hardiness In Lolium /Festuca Complex Using Androgenenesis,
2023
National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Japan
Introgression Breeding For Improvement Of Winter Hardiness In Lolium /Festuca Complex Using Androgenenesis, T. Yamada, Y. D. Guo, Y. Mizukami
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Intergeneric hybrids between closely related Lolium and Festuca species are used to broaden the gene pool and provide plant breeders with options to combine complementary traits to develop robust but high quality grass varieties. Androgenesis was found to be an effective procedure for selecting Lolium-Festuca genotypes comprising gene combinations rarely or never recovered by conventional backcross breeding programs. Here we describe the optimisation of androgenesis in Lolium perenne x Festuca pratensis. The male fertility and freezing tolerance of the Festulolium microspore-derived progenies were analysed and these progenies were also analysed by using genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH). …
Morphological Characteristic To Discriminate Festulolium Hybrids (Festuca Pratensis × Lolium Perenne),
2023
Agricultural University of Lublin, Poland
Morphological Characteristic To Discriminate Festulolium Hybrids (Festuca Pratensis × Lolium Perenne), Mariusz Kulik, Z. Zwierzykowski, W. Jokś
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Environmental change and uncertainty is likely to pose new challenges in plant breeders. Recently attention has focused on the crossing of Lolium and Festuca species to obtain hybrids exhibiting many desirable traits of both parents. Key objectives of such programs are to combine the persistency, winter hardiness and drought tolerance of fescues with the high herbage yields and quality of ryegrasses (Zwierzykowski, Naganowska, 1994). One of the hybrids with great practical significance is a F. pratensis × L. perenne hybrid [Festulolium loliaceum (Huds.) P.V. Fourn]. Many morphological traits of Festulolium hybrids demonstrate intermediate character, however, in relation to inflorescence …
Towards Understanding Photoperiodic Response In Grasses,
2023
AgResearch, New Zealand
Towards Understanding Photoperiodic Response In Grasses, M. Gagic, I. Kardailsky, N. Forester, B. Veit, J. Putterill
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In many plants, day length is the critical environmental parameter that controls flowering time. In long day plants, such as Arabidopsis and ryegrass (Lolium perenne), increasing day length in spring signals flowering, while in short day plants like rice, flowering is accelerated when days become shorter. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms that govern this response. Most results have been obtained in the model plant Arabidopsis where CONSTANS (CO) is a critical candidate gene. Upstream of it is the GIGANTEA (GI) gene which is associated with the circadian clock mechanism (1). The …
The Identification Of Genetic Synteny Between Lolium Perenne Chromosome 7 And Rice Chromosome 6 Genomic Regions That Have Major Effects On Heading-Date,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
The Identification Of Genetic Synteny Between Lolium Perenne Chromosome 7 And Rice Chromosome 6 Genomic Regions That Have Major Effects On Heading-Date, I. P. Armstead, L. B. Turner, L. Skøt, I. S. Donnison, M. O. Humphreys, I. P. King
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Comparative genetic mapping between plant species has established that there has been a conservation of genomic organisation which reflects evolutionary relationships. The genetic mapping of L. perenne has identified such syntenic relationships with both the Triticeae and rice. The recent publication of the complete sequence of the rice genome has allowed these relationships to be analysed more closely and has raised the possibility of using the rice genome as a template for chromosome landing-based gene identification in related non-model species. The aim of the present work was to map particular markers and genes associated with heading-date in rice in L. …
