Shape Memory Alloy Capsule Micropump For Drug Delivery Applications, 2024 American University in Cairo
Shape Memory Alloy Capsule Micropump For Drug Delivery Applications, Youssef Mohamed Kotb
Theses and Dissertations
Implantable drug delivery devices have many benefits over traditional drug administration techniques and have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. By delivering the medication directly to the tissue, they enable the use of larger localized concentrations, enhancing the efficacy of the treatment. Passive-release drug delivery systems, one of the various ways to provide medication, are great inventions. However, they cannot dispense the medication on demand since they are nonprogrammable. Therefore, active actuators are more advantageous in delivery applications. Smart material actuators, however, have greatly increased in popularity for manufacturing wearable and implantable micropumps due to their high energy …
Nonuniform Sampling-Based Breast Cancer Classification, 2024 University of Kentucky
Nonuniform Sampling-Based Breast Cancer Classification, Santiago Posso
Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering
The emergence of deep learning models and their success in visual object recognition have fueled the medical imaging community's interest in integrating these algorithms to improve medical diagnosis. However, natural images, which have been the main focus of deep learning models and mammograms, exhibit fundamental differences. First, breast tissue abnormalities are often smaller than salient objects in natural images. Second, breast images have significantly higher resolutions but are generally heavily downsampled to fit these images to deep learning models. Models that handle high-resolution mammograms require many exams and complex architectures. Additionally, spatially resizing mammograms leads to losing discriminative details essential …
Recent Progress In Microrna Detection Using Integrated Electric Fields And Optical Detection Methods, 2024 University of Moratuwa
Recent Progress In Microrna Detection Using Integrated Electric Fields And Optical Detection Methods, Logeeshan Velmanickam, Dharmakeerthi Nawarathna
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Low-cost, highly-sensitivity, and minimally invasive tests for the detection and monitoring of life-threatening diseases and disorders can reduce the worldwide disease burden. Despite a number of interdisciplinary research efforts, there are still challenges remaining to be addressed, so clinically significant amounts of relevant biomarkers in body fluids can be detected with low assay cost, high sensitivity, and speed at point-of-care settings. Although the conventional proteomic technologies have shown promise, their ability to detect all levels of disease progression from early to advanced stages is limited to a limited number of diseases. One potential avenue for early diagnosis is microRNA (miRNA). …
Detection Of Tooth Position By Yolov4 And Various Dental Problems Based On Cnn With Bitewing Radiograph, 2024 Chung Yuan Christian University
Detection Of Tooth Position By Yolov4 And Various Dental Problems Based On Cnn With Bitewing Radiograph, Kuo Chen Li, Yi-Cheng Mao, Mu-Feng Lin, Yi-Qian Li, Chiung-An Chen, Tsung-Yi Chen, Patricia Angela R. Abu
Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications
Periodontitis is a high prevalence dental disease caused by bacterial infection of the bone that surrounds the tooth. Early detection and precision treatment can prevent more severe symptoms such as tooth loss. Traditionally, periodontal disease is identified and labeled manually by dental professionals. The task requires expertise and extensive experience, and it is highly repetitive and time-consuming. The aim of this study is to explore the application of AI in the field of dental medicine. With the inherent learning capabilities, AI exhibits remarkable proficiency in processing extensive datasets and effectively managing repetitive tasks. This is particularly advantageous in professions demanding …
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, 2023 Brigham Young University
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Journal of Nonprofit Innovation
Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.
Imagine Doris, who is …
Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of Zero Power Sensor/Harvester For Smart Grid Applications, 2023 University of New Mexico
Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of Zero Power Sensor/Harvester For Smart Grid Applications, Zeynel Guler
Mechanical Engineering ETDs
This study presents a flexible sensor/harvester device to be used in both electromagnetic sensing and energy harvesting applications for smart grids. When a current passes through a wire, the sensor detects the magnetic field created by that current. The sensor magnet interacts with the wire magnetic field resulting in a transfer of energy through the piezoelectric cantilever. Piezoelectric, conductive, magnetic, and magnetostrictive composite thin films were prepared to fabricate this device.
Initially, the magnet of the cantilever was optimized considering its shape, thickness, length, taper angle etc. via both simulations and experiments. Peak to peak voltage versus cantilever position graph …
Development Of A 3d Printed Conductive Biopolymer For Cardiac Tissue Engineering, 2023 University of Texas at El Paso
Development Of A 3d Printed Conductive Biopolymer For Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Britanny Lizeth Stark
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US, with approximately 859,000 deaths each year. The major contributor to CVD is Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), which causes the death of approximately 25% of the cardiomyocytes present in the left ventricle of the heart. After AMI, the adult human heart has a very limited regenerative capacity. Moreover, the electrical propagation of the myocardium is severely disrupted, making the heart more susceptible to failure and patient death. However, current pharmacological treatments do not address the loss of cardiomyocytes and the disruption of electrical propagation in the heart. Tissue engineering …
Adaptive Personalized Drug Delivery Method For Warfarin And Anemia Management: Modeling And Control., 2023 University of Louisville
Adaptive Personalized Drug Delivery Method For Warfarin And Anemia Management: Modeling And Control., Affan Affan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Personalized precision medicine aims to develop the appropriate treatments for suitable patients at the right time to obtain optimal results. Personalized medicine is challenging due to inter- and intra-patient variability, narrow therapeutic window, the effect of other medications, comorbidity (more than one disease at a time), nonlinear patient dynamics, and time-varying patient dose response characteristics which include bleeding (internal and external). This research aims to develop a framework for an adaptive personalized modeling and control method with minimum clinical patient specific dose response data for optimal drug dosing. The proposed methodology is applied to anemia and warfarin management. It is …
An Investigation Of Match For Lossless Video Compression, 2023 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
An Investigation Of Match For Lossless Video Compression, Brittany Sullivan-Reicks
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
A new lossless video compression technique, Match, is investigated. Match uses the similarity between the frames of a video or the slices of medical images to find a prediction for the current pixel. A portion of the previous frame is searched to find a matching context, which is the pixels surrounding the current pixel, within some distance centered on the current location. The best distance to use for each dataset is found experimentally. The matching context refers to the neighborhood of w, nw, n, and ne, where the pixel in the previous frame with the closest matching context becomes the …
Controlled Radiation Capsule For Precision And Rapid Cancer Treatment, 2023 Kennesaw State University
Controlled Radiation Capsule For Precision And Rapid Cancer Treatment, Hoseon Lee, Zsolt Kollar, Bailey R. White, Junia Nguyen, David Roque, Sowjanya Palagani
Symposium of Student Scholars
This research aims to transform cancer treatment through the optimization of brachytherapy, with a focus on reducing treatment duration, setup complexities, and financial burdens, all while emphasizing patient safety. Patients living at a distance from radiation clinics, particularly those undergoing extended Low Dose Radiation brachytherapy, often struggle with the formidable financial challenges associated with securing nearby accommodations. In response to these issues, the research introduces a radiation capsule designed to condense the conventional six-month treatment period to approximately just one week, thereby significantly reducing the duration of required accommodations. This capsule is especially relevant considering the construction cost of $40 …
A Novel Method For Determining The Inherent Capabilities Of Computer And Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Devices, 2023 The University of Western Ontario
A Novel Method For Determining The Inherent Capabilities Of Computer And Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Devices, Delaney R.G. Stevens
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis presents a method for evaluating and comparing assistive total knee arthroplasty (TKA) devices while controlling surgeon landmarking variability. To achieve consistent landmark selection by surgeons during TKA procedures, the method uses identical 3D-printed knees with indented landmarks. This method was used to compare a robotic and computer-assisted TKA device on three metrics: measurement accuracy, alignment accuracy, and cut-surface uniformity. Although both devices had considerable sagittal plane measurement errors, the robotic device had better measurement and alignment accuracy than the computer-assisted device. Furthermore, the robotic device's measuring error compensated for cutting errors, but the computer-assisted device's compounded them. However, …
Hierarchical Based Classifcation Method Based On Fusion Ofgaussian Map Descriptors Foralzheimer Diagnosis Using T1‑Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2023 The British University in Egypt
Hierarchical Based Classifcation Method Based On Fusion Ofgaussian Map Descriptors Foralzheimer Diagnosis Using T1‑Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nourhan Zayed, Shereen E. Morsy, Inas A. Yassine
Mechanical Engineering
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered one of the most spouting elderly diseases. In 2015, AD is reported the US’s sixth cause of death. Substantially, non-invasive imaging is widely employed to provide biomarkers supporting AD screening, diagnosis, and progression. In this study, Gaussian descriptors-based features are proposed to be efcient new biomarkers using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) T1-weighted images to diferentiate between Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Normal controls (NC). Several Gaussian map-based features are extracted such as Gaussian shape operator, Gaussian curvature, and mean curvature. The aforementioned features are then introduced to the Support Vector Machine (SVM). …
Exploring The Use Of Audible Sound In Bone Density Diagnostic Devices, 2023 The University of Maine
Exploring The Use Of Audible Sound In Bone Density Diagnostic Devices, Evan J. Bess
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which there is a progressive degradation of bone tissue that correlates with a characteristic decrease in bone density (BD). It is estimated that osteoporosis affects over 200 million people globally and is responsible for 8.9 million fractures annually. Populations at risk for developing osteoporosis include post-menopausal women, diabetic patients, and the elderly, representing a large population within the state of Maine. Current densitometric and sonometric devices used to monitor BD include quantitative computed tomography (QCT), dual-energy x-ray absorption (DXA), and ultrasound (QUS). All methods are expensive and, in the cases of QCT and DXA, …
Evaluating Eeg–Emg Fusion-Based Classification As A Method For Improving Control Of Wearable Robotic Devices For Upper-Limb Rehabilitation, 2023 Western University
Evaluating Eeg–Emg Fusion-Based Classification As A Method For Improving Control Of Wearable Robotic Devices For Upper-Limb Rehabilitation, Jacob G. Tryon
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Musculoskeletal disorders are the biggest cause of disability worldwide, and wearable mechatronic rehabilitation devices have been proposed for treatment. However, before widespread adoption, improvements in user control and system adaptability are required. User intention should be detected intuitively, and user-induced changes in system dynamics should be unobtrusively identified and corrected. Developments often focus on model-dependent nonlinear control theory, which is challenging to implement for wearable devices.
One alternative is to incorporate bioelectrical signal-based machine learning into the system, allowing for simpler controller designs to be augmented by supplemental brain (electroencephalography/EEG) and muscle (electromyography/EMG) information. To extract user intention better, sensor …
Towards Reliable Hepatocytic Anatomy Segmentation In Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Using U-Net With Auto-Encoder, 2023 Western Michigan University
Towards Reliable Hepatocytic Anatomy Segmentation In Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Using U-Net With Auto-Encoder, Koloud Najem Alkhamaiseh
Dissertations
Despite the advantages of minimally invasive surgeries that depend heavily on vision, the indirect access and lack of the 3D field of view of the area of interest introduce some complications in the desired procedures. Fortunately, the recorded videos from these procedures offer the opportunity for intra-operative and post-operative analyses, to improve future performance and safety.
Deep learning models for surgical video analysis could therefore support visual tasks such as identifying the critical view of safety (CVS) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), potentially contributing to the reduction of the current rates of bile duct injuries in LC. Most bile duct injuries …
An Automated, Deep Learning Approach To Systematically & Sequentially Derive Three-Dimensional Knee Kinematics Directly From Two-Dimensional Fluoroscopic Video, 2023 University of Tennessee, Knoxville
An Automated, Deep Learning Approach To Systematically & Sequentially Derive Three-Dimensional Knee Kinematics Directly From Two-Dimensional Fluoroscopic Video, Viet Dung Nguyen
Doctoral Dissertations
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), also known as total knee replacement, is a surgical procedure to replace damaged parts of the knee joint with artificial components. It aims to relieve pain and improve knee function. TKA can improve knee kinematics and reduce pain, but it may also cause altered joint mechanics and complications. Proper patient selection, implant design, and surgical technique are important for successful outcomes. Kinematics analysis plays a vital role in TKA by evaluating knee joint movement and mechanics. It helps assess surgery success, guides implant and technique selection, informs implant design improvements, detects problems early, and improves patient …
Augmented Human Inspired Phase Variable Using A Canonical Dynamical System, 2023 Clemson University
Augmented Human Inspired Phase Variable Using A Canonical Dynamical System, Timothy Driscoll
All Theses
Accurately parameterizing human gait is highly important in the continued development of assistive robotics, including but not limited to lower limb prostheses and exoskeletons. Previous studies introduce the idea of time-invariant real-time gait parameterization via human-inspired phase variables. The phase represents the location or percent of the gait cycle the user has progressed through. This thesis proposes an alternative approach for determining the gait phase leveraging previous methods and a canonical dynamical system.
Human subject experiments demonstrate the ability to accurately produce a phase variable corresponding to the human gait progression for various walking configurations. Configurations include changes in incline …
Integration Of Biomedical Engineering And Computer Vision For Morphological Alteration Identification In Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Analysis And Evaluation Stra Tegy, 2023 University of Texas at El Paso
Integration Of Biomedical Engineering And Computer Vision For Morphological Alteration Identification In Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Analysis And Evaluation Stra Tegy, Monica Delgado
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a type of heart disease that affects people with diabetes. It is characterized by changes in the structure and function of the heart, including thickening and stiffening of the heart muscle, impaired relaxation of the heart, and reduced pumping function. DCM is considered an ailment of the heart muscle and an increased risk factor in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the exact mechanisms behind DCM are not fully understood, high blood glucose levels are known to contribute to the development and progression of the disease.While many options to manage and diagnose DCM have …
Using Machine Learning To Assist Auditory Processing Evaluation, 2023 University of Southern Mississippi
Using Machine Learning To Assist Auditory Processing Evaluation, Hasitha Wimalarathna, Sangamanatha Veeranna, Minh Vu Duong, Chris Allan Prof, Sumit K. Agrawal, Prudence Allen, Jagath Samarabandu, Hanif M. Ladak
Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications
Introduction: Approximately 0.2–5% of school-age children complain of listening difficulties in the absence of hearing loss. These children are often referred to an audiologist for an auditory processing disorder (APD) assessment. Adequate experience and training is necessary to arrive at an accurate diagnosis due to the heterogeneity of the disorder.
Objectives: The main goal of the study was to determine if machine learning (ML) can be used to analyze data from the APD clinical test battery to accurately categorize children with suspected APD into clinical sub-groups, similar to expert labels.
Methods: The study retrospectively collected data from 134 children referred …
An Enhanced Adaptive Learning System Based On Microservice Architecture, 2023 Helwan University
An Enhanced Adaptive Learning System Based On Microservice Architecture, Abdelsalam Helmy Ibrahim, Mohamed Eliemy, Aliaa Abdelhalim Youssif
Future Computing and Informatics Journal
This study aims to enhance Adaptive Learning Systems (ALS) in Petroleum Sector in Egypt by using the Microservice Architecture and measure the impact of enhancing ALS by participating ALS users through a statistical study and questionnaire directed to them if they accept to apply the Cloud Computing Service “Microservices” to enhance the ALS performance, quality and cost value or not. The study also aims to confirm that there is a statistically significant relationship between ALS and Cloud Computing Service “Microservices” and prove the impact of enhancing the ALS by using Microservices in the cloud in Adaptive Learning in the Egyptian …