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Full-Text Articles in Cataloging and Metadata

Bibliography, Connie Foster Jan 2023

Bibliography, Connie Foster

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Bibliography of publications by Connie Foster.


Lgbtq+ Catalog Users: A Brief Survey, Karen Snow, Heather Moulaison-Sandy, Brian Dobreski Jan 2023

Lgbtq+ Catalog Users: A Brief Survey, Karen Snow, Heather Moulaison-Sandy, Brian Dobreski

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

To promote social justice, recent work in knowledge organization (KO) has focused on providing access for members of marginalized groups including LGBTQ+ persons. Expanding on this work, the current project explores demographics and library usage as well as the participant-provided identity terms of LGBTQ+ library catalog users. Using a survey methodology that collected 141 respondents’ information, researchers found that LGBTQ+ catalog users who responded were primarily young, educated, and identified as either Black or White. The majority of respondents reported regular use of the library catalog, though also found materials in a variety of other ways, including social media. When …


Biodiversity Of Philippine Marine Fishes: A Dna Barcode Reference Library Based On Voucher Specimens, Katherine E. Bemis, Matthew G. Girard, Mudjekeewis D. Santos, Kent E. Carpenter, Jonathan R. Deeds, Diane E. Pitassy, Nicko Amor L. Flores, Elizabeth S. Hunter, Amy C. Driskell, Kenneth S. Macdonald Iii, Lee A. Weigt, Jeffrey T. Williams Jan 2023

Biodiversity Of Philippine Marine Fishes: A Dna Barcode Reference Library Based On Voucher Specimens, Katherine E. Bemis, Matthew G. Girard, Mudjekeewis D. Santos, Kent E. Carpenter, Jonathan R. Deeds, Diane E. Pitassy, Nicko Amor L. Flores, Elizabeth S. Hunter, Amy C. Driskell, Kenneth S. Macdonald Iii, Lee A. Weigt, Jeffrey T. Williams

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Accurate identification of fishes is essential for understanding their biology and to ensure food safety for consumers. DNA barcoding is an important tool because it can verify identifications of both whole and processed fishes that have had key morphological characters removed (e.g., filets, fish meal); however, DNA reference libraries are incomplete, and public repositories for sequence data contain incorrectly identified sequences. During a nine-year sampling program in the Philippines, a global biodiversity hotspot for marine fishes, we developed a verified reference library of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences for 2,525 specimens representing 984 species. Specimens were primarily purchased …


Hashes Are Not Suitable To Verify Fixity Of The Public Archived Web, Mohamed Aturban, Martin Klein, Herbert Van De Sompel, Sawood Alam, Michael L. Nelson, Michele C. Weigle Jan 2023

Hashes Are Not Suitable To Verify Fixity Of The Public Archived Web, Mohamed Aturban, Martin Klein, Herbert Van De Sompel, Sawood Alam, Michael L. Nelson, Michele C. Weigle

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Web archives, such as the Internet Archive, preserve the web and allow access to prior states of web pages. We implicitly trust their versions of archived pages, but as their role moves from preserving curios of the past to facilitating present day adjudication, we are concerned with verifying the fixity of archived web pages, or mementos, to ensure they have always remained unaltered. A widely used technique in digital preservation to verify the fixity of an archived resource is to periodically compute a cryptographic hash value on a resource and then compare it with a previous hash value. If the …


Liaising The Catalog: Collaborating Across Library Departments To Promote Successful Discoverability Through Enhanced Cataloging, Tammie Busch, Debbie Campbell, Susan Howell, Mary Konkel, Dennis Krieb, Mingyan Li, Cathy Mayer, Ross Taft Jan 2023

Liaising The Catalog: Collaborating Across Library Departments To Promote Successful Discoverability Through Enhanced Cataloging, Tammie Busch, Debbie Campbell, Susan Howell, Mary Konkel, Dennis Krieb, Mingyan Li, Cathy Mayer, Ross Taft

SIUE Faculty Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity

Academic libraries are increasingly asked to articulate connections between the work of library staff and student success. This article discusses how a team of librarians participating in CARLI Counts, an immersive professional development program funded by a Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Grant through the Institute of Museum and Library Services, responded to the lack of research investigating the indirect impact of the work of technical services staff on student learning. An anonymous online survey distributed to library staff of the Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois (CARLI) member institutions explored the perceived value of enhanced cataloging in …


Library Security Management As A Predictor For Combating Book Theft And Vandalism Among Undergraduates In University Libraries In Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria., Oluwabukunmi Serah Oyelola, Temitope Daniel Onakoya, Tunde Idris Yusuf Jan 2023

Library Security Management As A Predictor For Combating Book Theft And Vandalism Among Undergraduates In University Libraries In Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria., Oluwabukunmi Serah Oyelola, Temitope Daniel Onakoya, Tunde Idris Yusuf

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study examined library security mechanisms as a predictor for combating book theft and vandalism among undergraduates in university libraries in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. The survey design was adopted in the study, the study population consisted 16,293 undergraduates from the University of Ibadan, Kola Daisi University and Lead City University. The systematic sampling with sampling fraction of 5% was used to select a sample of 353 undergraduates used in the study. The questionnaire was used for data collection and data collected were analysed using frequency counts, item analysis and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation. The study revealed that the security …


Digital Bookplates: Cataloging Processes And Workflows, Alie Visser Dec 2022

Digital Bookplates: Cataloging Processes And Workflows, Alie Visser

Western Libraries Publications

Historically, bookplates were found in the front of print monographs. Transitioning them to digital allows libraries to expand their visibility to researchers and to fundraising activities within institutions. Digital bookplates offer significant opportunities to honor or memorialize individuals with gifts to libraries at varying donation levels. This article discusses digital bookplates in an academic library and provides examples of the cataloging, metadata, and web processes involved in maintaining and collaborating on this active fundraising program. A previous article on this topic was published in 2012 and this article provides an update to its procedures and workflows a decade later.


Creating Data From Unstructured Text With Context Rule Assisted Machine Learning (Craml), Stephen Meisenbacher, Peter Norlander Dec 2022

Creating Data From Unstructured Text With Context Rule Assisted Machine Learning (Craml), Stephen Meisenbacher, Peter Norlander

School of Business: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Popular approaches to building data from unstructured text come with limitations, such as scalability, interpretability, replicability, and real-world applicability. These can be overcome with Context Rule Assisted Machine Learning (CRAML), a method and no-code suite of software tools that builds structured, labeled datasets which are accurate and reproducible. CRAML enables domain experts to access uncommon constructs within a document corpus in a low-resource, transparent, and flexible manner. CRAML produces document-level datasets for quantitative research and makes qualitative classification schemes scalable over large volumes of text. We demonstrate that the method is useful for bibliographic analysis, transparent analysis of proprietary data, …


Racial And Ethnic Categories: Impact On Medical Subject Headings, Jamia Williams, Aidy Weeks Dec 2022

Racial And Ethnic Categories: Impact On Medical Subject Headings, Jamia Williams, Aidy Weeks

Library Faculty Presentations

This presentation was part of the OMB Public Listening Sessions on Federal Race and Ethnicity Standards Revision. The presentation addressed the use of racial and ethnic categories and their impact on medical subject headings managed by the National Library of Medicine.

The presentation was on behalf of the Medical Library Association (MLA) comprising more than 400 institutions and 2,500 professional health sciences and medical librarians and a joint collaboration between the Latinx Caucus and the Social Justice and Health Disparities Caucus. Both Weeks and Williams shared information regarding how these medical subject headings impact indexing and searching of biomedical …


A Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion (Dei) Approach To Collection Development In A University Library, Michele Gibney, Mickel Paris, Veronica Wells Dec 2022

A Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion (Dei) Approach To Collection Development In A University Library, Michele Gibney, Mickel Paris, Veronica Wells

University Libraries Librarian and Staff Articles and Papers

University of the Pacific’s objective in a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) audit of library collections was to examine the voices and subjects represented and reveal diversity gaps. During Spring 2021, in collaboration with library employees, eight student interns determined the methodology, assessed print and eBook collections, and provided recommendations on closing identified collection gaps. Initial results from auditing ~4,000 representative titles indicated University of the Pacific's library book collections lack the diversity to adequately reflect racial, ethnic, and cultural diversity of students and their expectations for assignments and research. This paper documents the audit process and its impact on …


Cataloging Middle Eastern Streaming Media Using Rda And Marc21 Workshop 2nd Session: Streaming Media, Cyrus Ford Zarganj Nov 2022

Cataloging Middle Eastern Streaming Media Using Rda And Marc21 Workshop 2nd Session: Streaming Media, Cyrus Ford Zarganj

Library Faculty Presentations

This workshop introduces the cataloging of streaming media using RDA standards and the MARC21 format. The workshop focuses on challenges and different aspects of streaming video and audio, filmed and recorded originally in languages spoken in the Middle East. It is recommended that attendees have a basic knowledge of cataloging using the MARC21 format.


Exploring Edi Strategies In Metadata And Cataloging, Tomeka Jackson, Jessica Serrao Oct 2022

Exploring Edi Strategies In Metadata And Cataloging, Tomeka Jackson, Jessica Serrao

Presentations

This webinar examines equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) strategies and challenges in metadata and cataloging. The presenters first investigate what EDI is and why it is essential to the field of librarianship. Next, they explore a brief historical timeline that shaped the events of EDI in metadata and cataloging. After exploring its origins, they then examine the strategies academic institutions have formulated, and particularly the work at Clemson University with the Libraries' Digital Collections metadata. This webinar aims to explore, analyze, and understand EDI techniques in librarianship and how they can be added to or addressed in participants' collections. The …


Conscious Editing And Metadata Enhancement For Library Collections, Sai Deng, Jeanne Piascik Oct 2022

Conscious Editing And Metadata Enhancement For Library Collections, Sai Deng, Jeanne Piascik

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

To promote Diversity and Inclusion and conscious metadata editing, the librarians in Cataloging Services at the University of Central Florida collaborated with several departments for the audit and reparative editing of digital collections related to sensitive materials, and enhancement and enrichment of subject headings for physical collections on biographies.

Working with Digital Initiatives, and Special Collections & University Archives, the cataloging librarians have been auditing and editing metadata for The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, The Civil War Collection, and PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements. For instance, an inclusion statement has been added to …


Goofus And Gallant’S Guide To Textbook Cataloging, Scott Dutkiewicz, Tomeka Jackson Oct 2022

Goofus And Gallant’S Guide To Textbook Cataloging, Scott Dutkiewicz, Tomeka Jackson

Presentations

Though a long-neglected genre in academic libraries, acquisitions of textbooks are on the rise. But textbooks often do not receive adequate cataloging attention. How can catalogers improve their practices? Inspired by the Highlights for Children comic strip, this presentation discusses five “goofs” and five “gallant” practices when cataloging textbooks.


Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2022, Musselman Library, Gettysburg College Oct 2022

Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2022, Musselman Library, Gettysburg College

Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter

From the Dean (Robin Wagner)

Library News

  • Orientation Social
  • Tours and More
  • Research 101
  • Coming Out
  • Music in the Library

Book Club Reads Braiding Sweetgrass

New Internships:

  • Conservation and Exhibition
  • American History Research

Japan Club Explores Special Collections

LC Frenzy

Library Exhibits (through June 2023):

  • Cosmic Creations Looking Up: Lithographs of Paul Van Hoeydonck
  • Light and Shadow: American Women Behind the Lens 1850-2020

Focus on Philanthropy: Kennedy Family Endowment

GettDigital: Whitney Family Civil War Letters

Library Bookshelf: Acquisitions Funds at Work (Beth Carmichael)

Library Acquires Artwork

Gift of Art (Shannon Egan)

Team Building: Robots, Catapults and Family Feud

Internship Makeover …


Ils Transition Mission: Creating Ease For Our Patrons, Marina Narvaez Oct 2022

Ils Transition Mission: Creating Ease For Our Patrons, Marina Narvaez

University Libraries Faculty Publications and Presentations

University of Arkansas Libraries implemented a new library system, OneSearch, that became fully operational in July 2022. In the planning for this transition, collaboration among colleagues outside the committee and preliminary user-feedback became necessary as decisions were finalized. Participants were requested to perform searches on several material types, narrow or broaden their retrieval, and provide general observations. This poster provides information and analysis of the feedback gathered.


How Disillusioned Debate Documentarians Discovered The Silver Lining, Gypsy Moody, Chuck Hodgin Sep 2022

How Disillusioned Debate Documentarians Discovered The Silver Lining, Gypsy Moody, Chuck Hodgin

Library Faculty Scholarship

Belmont University was chosen to host the final presidential debate of the 2020 election. Undeterred by even the COVID-19 pandemic, administration was determined to forge ahead with holding this historic event at Belmont. They formed a committee to document the event and archive its materials. As IR managers, we thanked our lucky stars for this huge opportunity and potential spotlight for our relatively unheralded IR. We were tasked with writing a scalable preservation policy and collecting and archiving physical and digital Debate materials. Unfortunately, our pursuit of these goals revealed that the university had some work to do before we …


Opening A Communication Channel With The Etd Librarian, Kelley Flannery Rowan Sep 2022

Opening A Communication Channel With The Etd Librarian, Kelley Flannery Rowan

Works of the FIU Libraries

This presentation will share the results of a new initiative developed by the ETD Librarian at Florida International University (FIU) to develop a personal connection between students and the ETD Librarian. The goal is threefold; to provide a personal contact and open communication channel within the library to whom students can address publishing best practices and concerns with, to better inform and engage students in the metadata process of submitting theses and dissertations, and to spur the growth of knowledge and usage of ORCID. A previous initiative that added an ORCID and a license option to the metadata fields had …


Best Practices For Cataloging Streaming Media Using Rda And Marc21, Erminia Chao, Rebecca Culbertson, Jennifer M. Eustis, Cyrus Ford, Annie Glerum, Ngoc-My Guidarelli, Mary Huismann, Stacie Traill, Donna Viscuglia, Jeannette Ho, Jay Weitz Sep 2022

Best Practices For Cataloging Streaming Media Using Rda And Marc21, Erminia Chao, Rebecca Culbertson, Jennifer M. Eustis, Cyrus Ford, Annie Glerum, Ngoc-My Guidarelli, Mary Huismann, Stacie Traill, Donna Viscuglia, Jeannette Ho, Jay Weitz

OLAC Publications and Training Materials

This document is intended to assist catalogers in creating records for streaming media according to instructions within Resource Description and Access (RDA), the successor to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2). Like the original Best Practices for Cataloging Streaming Media, made available in 2008, it covers both streaming video and audio, including those that are born digital, as well as those that are created from an existing resource in another format, such as a video issued on DVD or videocassette. Its main focus is on resources that are “streaming” over the Internet in real-time, rather than resources that are not …


User-Centered Categorization Of Mood In Fiction, Hyerim Cho, Wan-Chen Lee, Li-Min Huang, Joseph Kohlburn Jul 2022

User-Centered Categorization Of Mood In Fiction, Hyerim Cho, Wan-Chen Lee, Li-Min Huang, Joseph Kohlburn

School of Information Studies Faculty Articles

Readers articulate mood in deeply subjective ways, yet the underlying structure of users’ understanding of the media they consume has important implications for retrieval and access. User articulations might at first seem too idiosyncratic, but organizing them meaningfully has considerable potential to provide a better searching experience for all involved. The current study develops mood categories inductively for fiction organization and retrieval in information systems.
We developed and distributed an open-ended survey to 76 fiction readers to understand their preferences with regard to the affective elements in fiction. From the fiction reader responses, the research team identified 161 mood terms …


Stephens-Ward Quilt, 1937, Archivists Jul 2022

Stephens-Ward Quilt, 1937, Archivists

Guides and Finding Aids

This presentation quilt was pieced and quilted by the TEL Sunday School class of the First Baptist Church, Stephens, Arkansas. The ladies charged 10 cents per petal. Each petal bears the name of one person or one family and, in all, the quilt contains 574 names (some are repeated). The quilt was presented to Pastor Fred Hays Ward. Ward was a Southern Baptist minister. He was born in Columbia County, Arkansas, in 1885. In 1911, he married Fannie Boswell, and soon after was ordained by First Baptist Church, Arkadelphia. He graduated from Ouachita College in 1924 with an A. B. …


Working With Vanderbot To Add Multilingual Content (In English And Arabic) To Wikidata, Anchalee Panigabutra-Roberts, Steve Baskauf, Iman Dagher Jul 2022

Working With Vanderbot To Add Multilingual Content (In English And Arabic) To Wikidata, Anchalee Panigabutra-Roberts, Steve Baskauf, Iman Dagher

UT Libraries Faculty: Other Publications and Presentations

In this presentation Steve and Joy (Anchalee) discussed the example workflow to add both English and Arabic character sets to Wikidata using VanderBot with the input of Arabic characters by Iman. Joy also discussed data modeling in Wikidata for works of translations to support visualization in Wikidata and to provide insight into scholarly communication related to Medieval Islamic technology.


Towards Inclusive Metadata: Dei Analysis And Subjects Enhancement For Juvenile Biographies, Sai Deng Jul 2022

Towards Inclusive Metadata: Dei Analysis And Subjects Enhancement For Juvenile Biographies, Sai Deng

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This presentation is part of the 2022 Faculty Showcase at the University of Central Florida Libraries. It is a shortened version of “Analyzing and Enhancing Juvenile Biography Subject Headings for Equity, Diversity and Inclusion,” which was presented at the “Approaches to Reparative Metadata Projects” Panel hosted by the Sunshine State Digital Network (SSDN).

To better present the Curriculum Materials Center (CMC) materials at the University of Central Florida and improve access to these materials for Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI), the librarians from Cataloging, CMC and Interlibrary Loan & Document Delivery Services (ILL/DDS) undertook a project to analyze the bibliographic …


Enhancing Gender, Race And Ethnicity Subjects For Inclusive Metadata, Sai Deng, Jeanne Piascik, Peter Spyers-Duran Jun 2022

Enhancing Gender, Race And Ethnicity Subjects For Inclusive Metadata, Sai Deng, Jeanne Piascik, Peter Spyers-Duran

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

To improve discovery of biography collections in a library and embrace Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) in cataloging, the librarians can audit their collections with gender, race and ethnicity of the biographees in mind. At the University of Central Florida, librarians from Cataloging, Curriculum Materials Center (CMC) and Interlibrary Loan & Document Delivery Services (ILL/DDS) analyzed a juvenile biography collection for biases, and enhanced its subject headings with the biographees’ gender, race and other information.

A rubric was designed to analyze the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) and non-LCSH in bibliographic records for biographies, including the biographees’ gender, race, …


Enhance The Discovery And Interoperability Of Culturally Rich Information: The Chinese Women Poets Wikiproject, Sai Deng, Greta Heng, Amanda Xu, Lihong Zhu, Xiaoli Li Jun 2022

Enhance The Discovery And Interoperability Of Culturally Rich Information: The Chinese Women Poets Wikiproject, Sai Deng, Greta Heng, Amanda Xu, Lihong Zhu, Xiaoli Li

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Traditionally, special collections such as culture and heritage collections and their name authority data were cataloged using local cataloging standards with limited data interoperability. The library community has questioned for a number of years how to increase the accessibility and visibility of cultural heritage information stored in centralized databases. Wikidata, a global and open knowledge repository of structured data serving as a hub for linking resources, has emerged as one of possible solutions to library data silo issues. A group of Chinese American librarians from several institutions formed a WikiProject team: Chinese Culture and Heritage group in 2020 to study …


Using Wikidata To Create Knowledge Graphs For Library Collections, Sai Deng Jun 2022

Using Wikidata To Create Knowledge Graphs For Library Collections, Sai Deng

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

As a Linked Open Data (LOD) platform for structured data, and a community-building knowledge base, Wikidata stores people, spaces, times and other entities, and their semantic relationships. Wikidata Knowledge graph is a knowledge base that illustrates entities and relationships for data discovery and integration for users. This poster will present the knowledge graphs created for digital collections at the University of Central Florida (UCF) Libraires, including People in Pemberton Correspondence Collection and the UCF Teachers & Researchers. Models for historical people from the Pemberton Correspondence Collection and university teachers from the Theses and Dissertations Collection are built, and Wikidata items …


Metadata Best Practices For Trans And Gender Diverse Resources, Trans Metadata Collective, Jasmine Burns, Michelle Cronquist, Jackson Huang, Devon Murphy, K. J. Rawson, Beck Schaefer, Jamie Simons, Brian M. Watson, Adrian Williams Jun 2022

Metadata Best Practices For Trans And Gender Diverse Resources, Trans Metadata Collective, Jasmine Burns, Michelle Cronquist, Jackson Huang, Devon Murphy, K. J. Rawson, Beck Schaefer, Jamie Simons, Brian M. Watson, Adrian Williams

Librarian Publications & Presentations

This document is the result of a year of work and collaboration by the Trans Metadata Collective (TMDC; https://transmetadatacollective.org/), a group of dozens of cataloguers, librarians, archivists, scholars, and information professionals with a concerted interest in improving the description and classification of trans and gender diverse people in GLAMS (Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums and Special Collections). The Collective’s primary goal was to develop a set of best practices for the description, cataloguing, and classification of information resources as well as the creation of metadata about trans and gender diverse people, including authors and other creators.


Letter To Nlm About Mesh, Violet Fox, Katie Lobner, Kelleen Maluski, Christian Minter, Chelsea Misquith, Stephanie Roth, Aidy Weeks, Jamia Williams Jun 2022

Letter To Nlm About Mesh, Violet Fox, Katie Lobner, Kelleen Maluski, Christian Minter, Chelsea Misquith, Stephanie Roth, Aidy Weeks, Jamia Williams

Library Faculty Publications

A letter written to the National Library of Medicine addressing concerns regarding the problematic medical subject heading, "Blacks", other problematic terms, and the process by which they are selected. The letter concludes with recommendations for improvement by the authors and endorsed by several hundred signatories. In total, the letter was signed by 726 library workers from around the world and sent by email to National Library of Medicine representatives on Friday, June 10th, 2022. In addition, it was also shared with the Medical Library Association which distributed it through their website under the op-ed, "Open Letter to NLM Regarding MeSH …


Composers' Collected Works: A Case Study In Remote Work Compatible Catalog Maintenance, David Floyd Jun 2022

Composers' Collected Works: A Case Study In Remote Work Compatible Catalog Maintenance, David Floyd

Library Scholarship

Approximately 15% of Binghamton University Libraries' 28,000 musical scores are collections of scores comprising a composer's complete works. Ideally, these large, multipart, non-circulating collections are cataloged consistently with either comprehensive records for each set, or individual records for each score within the set. Our catalog is inconsistent in this approach and requires remediation. The resulting workflow maximizes flexibility in who participates, where, and when, by siloing the portion of the work requiring data processing and advanced music cataloging skills. This poster will show both the workflow for standardizing composers' collected works sets, and how the project is designed for remote …


Analyzing And Enhancing Juvenile Biography Subject Headings For Equity, Diversity And Inclusion, Sai Deng, Peter Spyers-Duran, Jeanne Piascik Jun 2022

Analyzing And Enhancing Juvenile Biography Subject Headings For Equity, Diversity And Inclusion, Sai Deng, Peter Spyers-Duran, Jeanne Piascik

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

To better present the Curriculum Materials Center (CMC) materials at the University of Central Florida and improve access to these materials for Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI), the librarians from Cataloging, CMC and Interlibrary Loan & Document Delivery Services (ILL/DDS) undertook a project to analyze the bibliographic records of juvenile biographies and used the results to enhance subject headings with biographees’ gender, race and other information.

A Qualtrics survey to audit the juvenile biography collection was designed by the librarians, and a student checked the biography books and inputted data into the survey. The librarians then exported the data to …