Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Exclusion Of Black Women From National Leadership Positions In The United States: Taxation With Limited Representation, Amadu Jacky Kaba

Amadu Jacky Kaba

This article claims that the United States is progressing well when examined through the racial and cultural diversity of its young people aged 29 and younger with earned doctorates. The data show that females in general and Asian and Black females in particular are earning very high proportions of doctorate degrees among individuals aged 29 and younger in 2009 and 2008. For example, of the 117,000 doctorate degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.) held by individuals in the US aged 25 - 29 in 2009, females accounted for 65,000 (55.6%), with Black females and Asian females accounting for 11.1% (13,000) and 10.3% …

Mightier Than The Sword: Social Science And Development In Countering Violent Extremism, Daniel P. Aldrich

Daniel P Aldrich

Countering terrorism through social science-based development assistance is a new policy model that moves beyond traditional methods based on the application of military force, public diplomacy, pressure to democratize, or broad-based poverty alleviation. The core elements of this framework for countering violent extremism (CVE) involve 1) pushing U.S. military responses “downstream” and using them sparingly, 2) reducing marginalization of peripheral communities and encouraging re-integration, 3) providing locally based counter-narratives to those of violent extremist organizations, and 4) increasing the legitimacy and capacity of partner governments.

Social, Not Physical, Infrastructure: The Critical Role Of Civil Society After The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake, Daniel P. Aldrich

Daniel P Aldrich

Despite the tremendous destruction wrought by catastrophes, social science holds few quantitative assessments of explanations for the rate of recovery. This article illuminates four factors—damage, population density, human capital, and economic capital—that are thought to explain the variation in the pace of population recovery following disaster; it also explores the popular but relatively untested factor of social capital. Using time-series, cross-sectional models and propensity score matching, it tests these approaches using new data from the rebuilding of 39 neighborhoods in Tokyo after its 1923 earthquake. Social capital, more than earthquake damage, population density, human capital, or economic capital, best predicts …

Post-Crisis Japanese Nuclear Policy: From Top-Down Directives To Bottom-Up Activism, Daniel P. Aldrich

Daniel P Aldrich

Over the past fifty years, Japan has developed one of the most advanced commercial nuclear power programs in the world. This is largely due to the government’s broad repertoire of policy instruments that have helped further its nuclear power goals. These top-down directives have resulted in the construction of 54 plants and at least the appearance of widespread support for nuclear power. By the 1990s, however, this carefully cultivated public support was beginning to break apart. And following the earthquake and tsunami of March 2011 and resulting nuclear crisis in the Fukushima nuclear complex, the political and social landscape for …

Gender Differences Concerning Wikipedia: A Follow-Up Study, Sook Lim

Sook Lim

No abstract provided.

The Rebirth Of The Death Of God: Radical Theology Politicized, Political Theology Radicalized, And Radical Politics Theologized In The Work Of Clayton Crockett And Jeffrey Robbins, Mary-Jane V. Rubenstein

Mary-Jane Rubenstein

This article offers a critical reflection on the mutually resonant recent works of Clayton Crockett and Jeffrey Robbins, both of whom expose “radical the- ology” as insufficiently political, “political theology” as insufficiently radi- cal, and “radical politics” as insufficiently attuned to theology. In light of these shortcomings, they offer a radical political theology as a “necessary supplement” to the project of radical democracy—which is to say a politics of, by, and for “the multitude.” This article tracks the shifting and occasion- ally conflicting contours of this radically democratic theology.

Introduction To The Special Issue On Manufacturing, Jennifer Clark, Pierre Clavel

Jennifer Clark

Terrorism 2.0 In Eurasia, Robert Nalbandov Dr.

Robert Nalbandov Dr.

No abstract provided.

Recruiting, Retaining, And Creating Quality Teachers, C. Kirabo Jackson

C. Kirabo Jackson

This article synthesizes the research literature on how to ensure that the teaching workforce is effective. It offers three approaches to improving effectiveness: attract talented individuals into the profession, create incentives for exerting optimal effort, and provide professional development so that teachers have the skills to be effective. The research literature reveals that each approach can yield meaningfully improved student outcomes and that no one strategy is clearly more effective. The policy implication of these findings is that a multifaceted approach would improve teacher effectiveness and student outcomes. However, although there are examples of successful policies, there is no consensus …

The Impact Of Recordings On Student Achievement In Critical Language Courses, Elizabeth C. Scheyder

Elizabeth C Scheyder

This study investigates the relationship between the use of classroom recordings and student achievement in critical foreign languages. Recording classrooms has become popular in recent years with the advent of digital media and inexpensive devices to play such files. It is now easy to create audio recordings of face-to-face classes and post them online. To date, however, there has been little empirical study of the role that these recordings play in students' achievement.

The study involved instructors who were each teaching two identical sections of a Chinese course, and asked them to use a portable audio recorder to capture all …

Syllabus - Writ 150 - Writing In The Digital Age: Crafting Multimedia, Elizabeth C. Scheyder

Elizabeth C Scheyder

No abstract provided.

Why A Jail Or Prison Sentence Is Increasingly Like A Death Sentence, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

How States Facilitate Small Arms Trafficking In Africa: A Theoretical And Juristic Interpretation, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Debunking The Myths Of American Corrections, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Touring Imprisonment: A Descriptive Statistical Analysis Of Prison Museums, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Utopian Prison: Contradiction In Terms?, Jocelyn M. Pollock, Nancy Hogan, Eric Lambert, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D., Jody Sundt

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

The Dissemination Of Criminological And Criminal Justice Knowledge And Practice: A Profile Of People's Republic Of China Scholars Who Earn Doctorates In The United States, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D., Mengyan Dai

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Return On Training Investment In Parliaments: The Need For Change In The Pacific Region, Abel A. Kinyondo

Abel Alfred Kinyondo

Despite substantial investment in training in Pacific parliaments, which has continued for more than a decade, parliamentary performance for many countries in the region has barely improved. Indeed, Pacific parliaments are still widely regarded as weak. The inability of training programmes to improve parliamentary performance in several areas of the Pacific led the researcher to query whether training providers are concentrating their resources on the right people. Using a multi-case design that used interviews in five Pacific parliaments—Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste, Tonga and Vanuatu—the author argues that training providers should give priority to parliamentary staff rather than members …

Books And Bikes. Noises And Voices Of Veterans, Esmeralda Kleinreesink, Rene Moelker

Esmeralda Kleinreesink

Model Penal Code, No-Knock Search Warrants, And Robbery, Jennifer Allison

Jennifer Allison

No abstract provided.

Inequality In A "Postracial" Era: Race, Immigration, And Criminalization Of Low Wage Labor, Ruth Gomberg-Munoz

Ruth Gomberg-Munoz

Over the past four decades, increasingly punitive and enforcement-oriented U.S. immigration policies have been legitimized by a rhetoric of criminality that stigmatizes Latino immigrant workers and intensifies their exploitation. Simultaneously, there has been a sevenfold increase in the prison population in the United States, in which African Americans are eight times more likely to be jailed than Whites (Western 2006, p. 3). In this paper, I draw on scholarship in history and sociology, as well as my own anthropological research, to develop the argument that criminal justice policies and immigration policies together disempower low-wage U.S. labor and maintain categorical racial …

The Spatial Extent Of Agglomeration Economies: Evidence From Three U.S. Manufacturing Industries., Joshua Drucker

Joshua Drucker

Regional Industrial Structure And Agglomeration Economies: An Analysis Of Productivity In Three Manufacturing Industries., Joshua Drucker, Edward Feser

Joshua Drucker

Long Live The Exit Poll, D. James Greiner, Kevin M. Quinn

Kevin M. Quinn

We discuss the history of the exit poll as well as its future in an era characterized by increasingly effective and inexpensive alternatives for obtaining information. With respect to the exit poll's future, we identify and assess four purposes it might serve. We conclude that the exit poll's most important function in the future should,and probably will, be to provide information about the administration of the franchise and about the voter's experience in casting a ballot. The nature of this purpose suggests that it many make sense for academic institutions to replace media outlets as the primary implementers of exit …

Can Voter Id Laws Be Administered In A Race-Neutral Manner? Evidence From The City Of Boston In 2008, Rachael V. Cobb, D. James Greiner, Kevin M. Quinn

Kevin M. Quinn

No abstract provided.

The Case For Authority, Attila Tanyi

Attila Tanyi

The paper deals with a charge that is often made against consequentialist moral theories: that they are unacceptably demanding. This is called the Overdemandingness Objection. The paper first distinguishes three interpretations of the Objection as based on the three dimensions of moral demands: scope, content, and authority. It is then argued that neither the scope, nor the content-based understanding of the Objection is viable. Constraining the scope of consequentialism is neither helpful, nor justified, hence the pervasiveness of consequentialism cannot be the ground for the Objection. Although recent approaches interpret the Objection as a claim about the excessively demanding content …

Explaining The Persistence Of The Informal Economy In Central And Eastern Europe: Some Lessons From Moscow, Colin C. Williams

Colin C Williams

To evaluate critically the competing explanations for the persistence of the informal economy that variously represent this sphere as a residue, by-product, alternative and/or complement to the formal economy, this paper reports a survey of livelihood practices in 313 Moscow households. The finding is that the majority of households primarily depend on informal work to secure their livelihood and that although each and every theorisation is wholly valid with regard to particular types of informal work and/or specific population groups, no one articulation fully captures the diverse nature and multiple meanings of the informal economy in contemporary Moscow. The paper …

Theorizing The Self-Service Economy: A Case Study Of Do-It-Yourself (Diy) Activity, Colin C. Williams

Colin C Williams

Recently, it has become increasingly recognised that self-servicing is a growing rather than declining phenomenon. To explain this, a range of competing theories have emerged which variously portray those engaged in self-servicing either as rational economic actors, dupes, seekers of self-identity, or simply doing so out of necessity or choice. This paper evaluates critically the validity of these rival explanations. To do this, the extent of, and reasons for, self-servicing in the domestic realm is empirically evaluated through an internet survey of 5,500 people living in the city of Sheffield in England. This resulted in 418 valid responses (a 7.6 …

Enabling Enterprise: Tackling The Barriers To Formalisation, Colin C. Williams

Colin C Williams

No abstract provided.

Evaluating The Persistence Of Subsistence Work In Contemporary Economies: Some Lessons From Moscow, Colin C. Williams, Peter Rodgers

Colin C Williams