Business Commons^™

The Impact Of Corporate Governance And Financial Leverage On The Value Of American Firms, John Obradovich, Amarjit Gill

John Obradovich

This study examines the impact of corporate governance and financial leverage on the value of American firms. This study also seeks to extend the findings of Gill and Mathur (2011a). A sample of 333 firms listed on New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) for a period of 3 years from 2009-2011 was selected. The co-relational and non-experimental research design was used to conduct this study. Overall, findings show that larger board size negatively impacts the value of American firms, and CEO duality, audit committee, financial leverage, firm size, return on assets, and insider holdings positively impact the value of American firms. …

The Influence Of Organizational Culture And Conflict On Market Orientation, Rex Evans Mcclure

Rex McClure

This study examines the relationship between organizational change initiatives and market orientation. Considering the strategic approach to organizational change, a number of key behavioral variables can be affected, which in turn affect market orientation. Data were collected from 253 mid-level managers in marketing-related positions. The results suggest that convergent change, or classic downsizing, had no significant effect on market orientation or the mediating variables. Change initiatives directed reorienting affected market orientation in a positive way, though mediated by organizational commitment, trust, and internal communication.

Leading From The Center Out: The Joint Library Services Leadership Team At James Madison University, K.T. L. Vaughan, Kristen S. Shuyler, Kelly N. Miller-Martin, Erika Peterson

Kristen S. Shuyler

In a system with multiple service points, how can leadership work together to keep the library as a whole relevant and central to students? James Madison University Libraries created the Joint Library Services Leadership Team, which works outside traditional departmental silos to provide coherent, consistent, and collaborative services regardless of location.

Three major service points of James Madison University Libraries, the two main library circulation/reference departments and the media resources center, have historically been both physically and philosophically separate from each other. Although the departments shared common goals of providing excellent student learning-focused services, they did not systematically work together …

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The Opioid Epidemic In West Virginia, Nicholas Bowden, Rachel Merino, Sruthi Katamneni, Alberto Coustasse

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

The rate of overdose-related to the use of licit and illicit opioids has drastically increased over the last decade in the U.S. The epicenter being West Virginia the highest rates of overdoses accounting for 41.5 deaths for 100,000 people among the 33,091 deaths in 2015. The number of people injecting drugs has increased from 36% in 2005 to 54% in 2015. The total U.S cost of prescription opioid abuse in 2011 has been estimated at $25 billion, and criminal-justice-system costs to $5.1 billion. The reasons for this opioid epidemic incidence in WV have been a combination of sociocultural factors, a …

A Conceptual Model To Measure Erp User-Value, Mohamed A. Lotfy, Leila Halawi

Leila A. Halawi

The critical factors in the onward and upward phase that maximize the value o the enterprise resource planning (ERP) system from the user’s point of view remain unidentified. A recent study of a public sector organization in the state of Colorado showed that the users’ perspectives regarding the benefits of an ERP system are unrecognized, as well as how the users of the ERP system view the ERP benefits post-implementation. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that maximize the value of the implemented ERP system in the onward and upward phase postimplementation from the user’s point …

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Core Competencies, Core Values And Core Compromises, Jeffrey Keisler, Edward Romar

Jeffrey Keisler

Responding To Cybersecurity Challenges: Securing Vulnerable U.S. Emergency Alert Systems, Andrew Green, Amy B. Woszczynski

Amy B. Woszczynski

The 340b Program, Contract Pharmacies And Hospitals: An Examination Of The First 25 Years Of Their Increasingly Complex Relationship, David P. Paul Iii, Morgan Cathlene Ludado, Morgan Ruley, Hannah Sayre, Alberto Coustasse

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

The 340B Drug Pricing Program, created by Congress in 1992 through the Veterans Health Care Act, has provided discounted drug prices to hospitals and other health care organizations serving a wide population of low-income patients. Some 340B programs use contract pharmacies, an arrangement whereby the hospital or health care organization signs a contract directly with a pharmacy to provide covered pharmacy services at discounted prices.

The federal 340B Drug Pricing Program has provided access to reduced price prescription drugs to over 35,000 individual healthcare facilities and sites certified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and clinics …

The Continuing Epidemic Of Hepatitis C In The United States: The Case Of West Virginia, David P. Paul Iii, Neha Botre, Maggie Phillips, Jumana Abboud, Alberto Coustasse

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most significant public health problems currently facing the U.S. If it is left untreated, the likelihood of sustaining a treatment response decreases. While early identification has been identified as a critical focus in trying to obtain better health outcomes, new drug treatments appear quite promising.

Macra And Rural Hospitals, Erica Kelley, Rhea Lipscomb, Jennifer Valdez, Alberto Coustasse

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

The purpose of this research was to study MACRA (Medicare Access & CHIP Reauthorization Act) and to determine how its implementation would financially impact rural hospitals. Although the long-term effects of MACRA have not been able to be studied, MACRA has the prospective to negatively impact rural hospitals financially. MACRA has potential risks and benefits for physicians associated with its two reimbursement payment methods. The estimated negative reimbursements and set reductions to hospital reimbursement have supported the idea that physicians and all healthcare organizations need to be aware and prepared for MACRA.

Hospital Nurse Burnout: A Continuing Problem, David P. Paul Iii, Lama Bakhamis, Harlan M. Smith Ii, Alberto Coustasse

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

RNs are a critically important component of the U.S. healthcare system. RN burnout – the feeling of exhaustion from working long hours without rest – is a real concern, having been reported in many hospitals. We examine the background, causes and consequences of burnout among RNs in U.S. hospitals, in order to identify solutions to this problem. Findings indicate that Burnout Syndrome in RNs can be analyzed in terms of four clusters of characteristics: individual, management, organizational, and work. The consequences of burnout include increased RN turnover rates, poor job performance, and threats to patient safety. RN burnout in hospitals …

A Tale Of Two Airlines: A Comparative Case Study Of High-Road Versus Low-Road Strategies In Customer Service And Reputation Management, Donna L. Roberts Ph.D., John C. Griffith Ph.D.

John Griffith

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Strategies For Integrating And Sustaining Disruptive Innovations In Small Businesses, Robert Allen

Dr. Robert Allen, DBA, MSM, HRM

Competitive Strategies Of Minority-Owned Small Businesses.Pdf, Peter Smith

Peter Smith

Implications Of Short Scheduled Ground Times For European Carriers, Johannes Waltenberger, Hans-Joachim K. Ruff-Stahl

Hans-Joachim Ruff-Stahl

Low-cost carriers are applying hybrid business strategies in Europe to compete with traditional airlines for more customers. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between low-cost and non-low-cost carriers on an operational basis in terms of on-time performance, turnaround scheduling, turnaround performance, and block time setting. Data was retrieved from flightradar24.com and analyzed for three major European low-cost carriers and two hub-and-spoke operators for the airport of Valencia. Results indicate that the combination of turning around aircraft quickly and sufficient time on ground to absorb delay is a key factor for success. The findings are relevant for …

Competitiveness Of Hybrid Electric Aircraft On Short Range Scheduled Flights, Johannes Anton, Hans-Joachim K. Ruff-Stahl

Hans-Joachim Ruff-Stahl

Hybrid electric aircraft are expected to enter the small regional aircraft market within the next two decades. The aim of this study was to investigate if a hybrid electric passenger aircraft with 50 seats can be competitive against the established 100 seat aircraft on short range scheduled flights. The Embraer EMB 145 and EMB 190 regional jets were chosen as benchmarks for that market. A hypothetical hybrid version of the EMB 145 with increased fuel efficiency was tested on a cost per available seat mile (CASM) basis. The t tests confirmed significant (p < 0.05) competitiveness of the hybrid version, while in contrast the conventional 50-seater was significantly more expensive compared to the 100seat aircraft. This indicates that hybrid aircraft could enter the short haul market with a competitive advantage, even against the established 100 seat regional jets.

Should Pastors Be Available All The Time?, Warrick R. Long, Peter Williams

Peter Williams

New technology in the form of 24/7 email brings with it increased expectations of begin available, adding to the pressures of work-life balance for employees. Few studies have explored this from the perspective of the Christian pastor, and none within the Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDA) pastoral context. We extend the literature in this area by examining the impact of increased work-email on the work-life balance of SDA local church pastors. Based on responses from Australian SDA local church pastors we find that while pastors find there are some advantages in the flexibility offered by 24/7 work email, it also increases …

Space Operations In The Suborbital Space Flight Simulator And Mission Control Center: Lessons Learned With Xcor Lynx, Pedro Llanos, Christopher Nguyen, David Williams, Kim O. Chambers Ph.D., Erik Seedhouse, Robert Davidson

Pedro J. Llanos (www.AstronauticsLlanos.com)

This study was conducted to better understand the performance of the XCOR Lynx vehicle. Because the Lynx development was halted, the best knowledge of vehicle dynamics can only be found through simulator flights. X-Plane 10 was chosen for its robust applications and accurate portrayal of dynamics on a vehicle in flight. The Suborbital Space Flight Simulator (SSFS) and Mission Control Center (MCC) were brought to the Applied Aviation Sciences department in fall 2015 at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach campus. This academic and research tool is a department asset capable of providing multiple fields of data about suborbital simulated flights. …

A Strategic Audit Of Tesla.Pdf, Abigail Hoelzlhammer

Abigail Hoelzlhammer

A Strategic Audit Of Tesla.Pdf, Abigail Hoelzlhammer

Abigail Hoelzlhammer

Law’S Facilitating Role In The Field Of Social Enterprise., Evelyn Brody

Evelyn Brody

Clusters In The Wilderness: Knowledge Spillovers Based On Outdoor Recreation, Jack Marr

Jack Marr

Smaller cities like Boise wishing to reap the benefits of clusters should play to their strengths, and creating an urban ecosystem conductive to high-trust informal social interaction may be one underexplored area of competitive advantage. In my research, I examine how widespread participation in informal, high-trust, non-work activities can lead to increased knowledge spillovers in the formal economy and drive increased and sustainable economic success by looking at outdoor sports interactions between key players in the economy around Boise, Idaho. In this paper, I look at background factors and examine the literature, and provide initial analysis.

Generational Growing Pains As Resistance To Feminine Gendering Of Organization? An Archival Analysis Of Human Resource Management Discourses, Kristen Lucas, Suzy D'Enbeau, Erica P. Heiden

Kristen Lucas

Guided by a feminist communicology of organization framework, we examine generational growing pains by analyzing discourses appearing in HR Magazine at three different points in time, which approximately mark the midpoint of Baby Boomers’, Gen Xers’, and Millennials’ initial entry into the workplace. We reconstruct historically situated gendered discourses that encapsulate key concerns expressed by human resource management professionals as they dealt with younger generations of workers: Personnel Man as Father Knows Best (1970), Human Resource Specialist as Loyalty Builder (1990), and Talent Manager as Nurturer (2010). We propose that frustrations expressed by older generations about Millennials may not be …

Is It Safe To Bring Myself To Work? Understanding Lgbtq Experiences Of Workplace Dignity, Kristen Lucas

Kristen Lucas

Despite increased efforts by more organizations to be seen as “gay-friendly,” workplaces remain challenging sites for LGBTQ employees to navigate. We examine the ways in which LGBTQ employees experience dignity threats in the workplace and the protection strategies they use to deflect those threats. Interviews with 36 LGBTQ working adults revealed that their dignity is threatened by a range of identity-sensitive inequalities that undermine their safety and security when they claim authentic gendered/sexual identities. Specific safety and security threats to dignity include social harm, autonomy violations, career harm, and physical harm. To (re)claim their dignity, they engage in four primary …

Personal Health Records: Beneficial Or Burdensome For Patients And Healthcare Providers?, Melissa Lester, Samuel Boateng, Jane Stanley, Alberto Coustasse

Melissa Lester, DO

Personal health records (PHRs) have been mandated to be made available to patients to provide increased access to medical care information, encourage participation in healthcare decision making, and enable correction of errors within medical records. The purpose of this study was to analyze the usefulness of PHRs from the perspectives of patients and providers. The methodology of this qualitative study was a literature review using 34 articles. PHRs are powerful tools for patients and healthcare providers. Better healthcare results and correction of medical records have been shown to be positive outcomes of the use of PHRs. PHRs have also been …