Economic Policy Commons^™

Testing For Spatial Correlation Under A Complete Bipartite Network, Badi H. Baltagi, Long Liu

Center for Policy Research

This note shows that for a spatial regression with a weight matrix depicting a complete bipartite network, the Moran I test for zero spatial correlation is never rejected when the alternative is positive spatial correlation no matter how large the true value of the spatial correlation coefficient. In contrast, the null hypothesis of zero spatial correlation is always rejected (with probability one asymptotically) when the alternative is negative spatial correlation and the true value of the spatial correlation coefficient is near -1.

Dampak Program Bantuan Sosial Sebagai Intervensi Gizi Sensitif Terhadap Status Stunting Pada Balita, Nasa Milta Sahara, Dwini Arianto, Mahar Santoso

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Stunting is a significant issue for nations, affecting both public health and economic development. It results from a combination of direct and indirect causes. The government addresses stunting through specific nutritional interventions targeting direct causes and sensitive nutritional interventions for indirect causes. Given the strong link between stunting and poverty, social assistance programs (BANSOS) such as the Family Hope Program (PKH) and Rice for the Poor (RASKIN) are crucial in combating stunting by improving socioeconomic conditions. This study analyzes the impact of these social assistance programs on stunting in children under five, using data from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesian …

Analisis Klaim Rawat Inap Rsud Kebayoran Baru November 2022 – April 2023: Pendekatan Sistem, May Rabiulyati, Atik Nurwahyuni, Pujiyanto Pujiyanto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Hospitals receive payments through claim submissions with complete documents to the Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS) Health. However, not all inpatient claims have been submitted to BPJS Health, and there are still 16.97% pending inpatient claims. In claims that are not approved, claims can be resubmitted, but time constraints for the claim process have resulted in 2.64% of inpatient cases in 2022 not resubmitted. Qualitative research through in-depth interviews with 15 respondents aims to analyze the management of inpatient claims for BPJS Kesehatan Kebayoran Baru Hospital from November 2022 to April 2023. The study results showed that not all printed …

Assessing The Impact Of Tuberculosis On Economic Growth In Asean Countries: A Conceptual Framework And Panel Data Analysis, Agus Fitriangga, Alex Alex

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, particularly in Southeast Asia, where its impact extends beyond public health to affect economic performance. This study evaluates the economic implications of TB incidence on gross domestic product (GDP) growth across eight ASEAN countries from 2000 to 2020. We employed a panel data regression approach, utilizing Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effects Model (FEM), and Random Effects Model (REM) to analyze the relationship between TB incidence and economic growth. The dataset included annual GDP figures, TB incidence rates, foreign direct investment (FDI), labor force size, and trade openness, sourced from international databases. …

Analisis Penerapan Activity-Based Costing Tindakan Debridemen Bedah Pada Diagnosis Tunggal Di Kamar Operasi Rskd Duren Sawit Tahun 2022, Reynaldi Fattah Zakaria, Mardiati Nadjib

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

In 2022, RSKD Duren Sawit has officially held operating room services. The demand for more comprehensive operating room services increased rapidly. The temporary operating room rates were set by adapting the rates of other regional hospitals and the Governor of DKI Jakarta's regulations. There is a huge difference in costs between the hospital rates and the INA-CBGs claim rates, especially for surgical debridement performed in the operating room. One of the factors causing the difference is the undetermined cost for debridement based on the unit cost component. Knowing the unit-cost debridement in the operating room according to the cost per …

Analisis Pembiayaan Berdasarkan Lama Rawat Pasien Bpjs Diabetes Melitus Tipe Ii Komplikasi Sirkulasi Perifer Di Rsu Pku Muhammadiyah Bantul, Firman Firman, Kartika Lestari

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Length of stay (LOS) can increase hospital rates and become a cost issue for patients, potentially resulting in a discrepancy between hospital rates and INA-CBGs rates at the hospital. This study aims to determine the difference between the actual costs and BPJS claim costs for diabetic patients based on the length of stay and class level. The research method is observational with a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used retrospective medical record data from 50 patients. The results showed that the largest average difference between hospital costs and BPJS claim costs was for patients with a length of stay …

Determinan Belanja Kesehatan Rumah Tangga Di Pulau Jawa Menggunakan Geographically Weighted Regression, Yaulanda Fadhila, Nucke Widowati Kusumo Projo

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The success of a country’s health development is marked by achieving fair access to healthcare and protecting the population from financial risks of health. Household spending on healthcare, or out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses, in Indonesia, remains far above the ideal limit set by the WHO. There is a noticeable disparity in OOP health expenditures across provinces in Indonesia. The five provinces with the highest per capita OOP expenses are on Java island. This high per capita OOP spending on Java indicates potential issues with access to healthcare services and financial protection in this region. This study aims to identify factors influencing …

The New China Model: Combating Economic And Political Order, Jack R. Swords

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

Contemporary world politics centers around the actions of the two largest powers on Earth, the United States and China. They are both each other’s greatest adversary yet at the same time are each other’s largest trading partners. This thesis explores the nature of China’s economic climate that has seen it grow to one of the world’s foremost powers. However, the East Asian Nation faces economic challenges centered around the three D’s: Debt, Deflation, and Demographics. This thesis analyses what the nature of these challenges are and how China is responding to them within the ever-advancing world of economic and political …

A Pathway For Digital Economy To Enable The Development Of Low-Carbon Transition Under “Technology-Organization-Environment” Framework, Wendong Wei, Yang Sun, Bei Liu, Hui Wang, Yong Geng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The booming development of the digital economy has provided robust technical, management, and institutional means for the in-depth promotion of low-carbon transition. However, at present, there are still problems, such as the limited level of digital technological innovation, the insufficient supply of digital talents, and the urgent need for a sound digital governance system, which constrains the empowering effect of the digital economy on the development of China’s low-carbon transition. Based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, this study discusses the technology iteration, management transform, and system optimization of the influence of digital economy on the development of low carbon transformation. …

Gender Pay Gaps In Mountain West Cities & States, 2024, Dre Boyd-Weatherly, Maryam Raja, Sean Curry, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Economic Development & Workforce

This fact sheet examines data on the gender pay gap, or the difference in pay between male and female year-round full-time workers in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah. “Cities with the Largest Gender Pay Gaps” published by the Chamber of Commerce uses 2020-2021 data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

The Effect Of Fiscal And Monetary Policy On Public Debt In Egypt, Malak Mohamed

Theses and Dissertations

The thesis aims to examine the effect of monetary policies and fiscal policies on public debt in Egypt during the period from 2006 until 2021. Egypt is witnessing aggravated levels of debt, with limited fiscal and monetary space. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to analyze the effect of discount rates, inflation rates, subsidies, taxes and economic growth on debt-to-GDP in Egypt using a VAR model with an extended test of Impulse Response Function. The results suggest that a positive shock in government expenditures initially decreases public debt but leads to a fluctuating increase in the debt-to-GDP ratio in …

Assessing The Effects Of Climate Change On Vulnerability To Poverty: The Case Of Heat Waves And Construction Workers In Egypt, Rachad Bani Samari

Theses and Dissertations

“Doomsday, humanity’s extinction, the end of days”. Apocalyptic adjectives abound to highlight the danger looming over the planet, as the earth is warming up due to global warming and climate change. The picture painted over the canvas has consistently projected a gloomy image of low-income countries and of the poor. As the earth is gently boiling with heat, low-income groups in the Global South are predicted to be most affected. However, most of such warnings and studies focused on sectors directly dependent on suitable weather conditions such as agriculture, and sea tourism. While the climatic phenomena of heat waves may …

Policy Frameworks And Citizens’ Use Of Fintech Solutions: The Pros And Cons In Egypt, Salma Al-Mohamady

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the significant influence of financial technology (FinTech) on the banking industry, consumer finance, and economic growth. It specifically concentrates on the swiftly changing FinTech environment in Egypt. The study investigates the impact of incorporating advanced technologies on worldwide financial practices, which has significantly transformed traditional banking models and facilitated the emergence of inventive financial services. The transition is clearly apparent in Egypt, where the expansion of FinTech has been driven by advances in regulations, adaptation to technology, and a population that is becoming more comfortable with digital solutions.

Using a combination of quantitative …

Home-Grown Economic Plans, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

The government recently formed a committee of eminent international and Pakistani economists to draft a home-grown economic programme. This article shows that there is little need for such a committee. There is no dearth of reports, recommendations, cabinet decisions and plans prepared by the government itself as well as international development partners, private sector organisations, academic institutions, think tanks and professional bodies which cover all aspects of a home-grown programme. Numerous books, articles, op-ed pieces, webinars, seminars and conferences have also provided many proposals. This piece confines itself to the last six years. During this period, the management of the …

The Role Of Macroprudential Policies Under Carbon Pricing, Maria Teresa Punzi

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

This paper analyses the effectiveness of macroprudential policy on macro-financial fluctuations when the government enforces carbon pricing to reduce carbon emissions and achieve the net-zero target. A carbon tax policy alone can reduce carbon emissions by 2030, but at the cost of a deep and prolonged recession, with consequential financial instability due to a higher probability of default on entrepreneurs in the brown sector. This result suggests that carbon pricing should be coupled with complementary policies, such as macroprudential policy. In particular, differentiated LTV ratios and differentiated capital requirements that penalize the brown sector in favour of the green sector …

Foreign Direct Investment And Forest Land: A Sectoral Investigation, Nadia Doytch, Ayesha Ashraf, Canh Phuc Nguyen

Ateneo School of Government Publications

This is a study of the effects of sectoral FDI inflows on the rates of change of forest land and the ecological footprint of economic activity measured in forest land. We test the “FDI ecological halo” hypothesis (Doytch, 2020) for nine distinct sectoral FDI inflows, including agricultural FDI, mining FDI, manufacturing FDI, construction FDI, financial FDI, transport FDI, tourism FDI, communications FDI, and trade services FDI, in addition to total FDI, using a global sample of countries and a GMM econometric approach. We find that one percentage increase (% GDP) in agricultural FDI, mining FDI, manufacturing FDI, and construction FDI …

Understanding Tax Progressivity As A Mechanism Of Gender Difference In Tax Payment Patterns And Post-Tax Income, Morgan A. Richards-Melamdir

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Gender difference in taxation is generally understudied. However, existing scholarship, largely country case studies, suggests men pay higher tax rates where income tax progressivity is higher, due to their higher average income. Men’s higher rates should then increase gender equality in income post-tax. However, many rich countries reduced income tax progressivity starting in the 1980s-90s during “taxing for economic growth” reforms, including over half of the high income countries included in this study. These changes have previously unexplored implications for the extent to which the current (versus past) tax systems of rich countries reduce, leave unaffected, or compound gender disparities …

Fpdr And Portland: A Concerned Accountant's Perspective, Noah Roth

University Honors Theses

Established in 1942, the Fire and Police Disability and Retirement (FPDR) fund was intended to attract young men to serve as firefighters and police officers in the city of Portland. FPDR provides defined benefit retirement payments to some 2000 retirees from Portland Fire and Rescue and the Portland Police Bureau. Portlanders are obligated to pay these benefits through a property tax levy determined by the proprietors of the Fund itself. The overall liability owed to these retirees, and current employees, accounts for more than half of all liabilities owed by the city of Portland, representing a fiscal burden that calls …

Strategic Pathways To Minimal Deterrence And Counter-Terrorism: Enhancing Brunei’S Defense Capabilities, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Filip Komšić, Juan Pablo Sims

Journal of Terrorism Studies

This paper explores the strategic enhancement of Brunei’s military capabilities under the guidelines of the Brunei Defense White Paper 2021, focusing on establishing a robust minimal level deterrence. It emphasizes transitioning from conventional defense paradigms to an integrated, technologically advanced military structure tailored to contemporary and future security challenges. The significance of minimal level deterrence is analyzed, illustrating how a proportionate and efficient military force not only deters potential aggressors but also supports counter-terrorism efforts. This approach underscores the dual benefits of ensuring national security while facilitating economic stability and growth, allowing Brunei to allocate resources more effectively between defense …

Dollarization Dynamics In Ecuador And Argentina: Assessing Its Viability And Success As A Remedy For Weak Latin American Economies, Margarita Maria Fernandez Pereira

Senior Theses

The history of currency reflects political histories, the shifting currents of the global market, and the enduring legacies of previous governments, offering a compelling narrative of a nation’s economic evolution deeply entwined with broader historical forces. Many contemporary nations are faced with the decision to replace their currencies with those of another country. In the face of economic and political instability, adopting another currency can influence the national wealth and its position in the global market. This thesis explores dollarization as an economic strategy, examining its viability and success, particularly in weak Latin American economies. The paper navigates Ecuador and …