Storage Of Linguistic Knowledge In The Mental Lexicon: An Approach Within Role And Reference Grammar,
2017
Technological University Dublin
Storage Of Linguistic Knowledge In The Mental Lexicon: An Approach Within Role And Reference Grammar, Judith Gottschalk
The ITB Journal
This paper aims to give an account of a theory of a mental lexicon for German verbs of motion within the theory of Role and Reference Grammar [RRG] (cf. Van Valin 2005). The issue of how Aktionsarten in general and particularly verbs of motion, with their various alternations, are structured and how they are stored in an RRG-compatible lexicon is investigated. A time line model for RRG-Aktionsarten based on Reichenbach (1947) is developed to give a description of the structure of events assumed within RRG. Human knowledge is often represented in terms of inheritance networks. In this paper I use …
Event Structure Of Prepositional Nuclear Junctures In Persian: A Role & Reference Grammar Account,
2017
Technological University Dublin
Event Structure Of Prepositional Nuclear Junctures In Persian: A Role & Reference Grammar Account, Zari Saeedi
The ITB Journal
In the present research study an attempt has been made to analyze one group of complex predicates or nuclear junctures (NJs) in Persian (as an Indo-European language) in terms of its event attribute within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar (Van Valin & Lapolla 1997, Van Valin 2005). These complex predicates fuse with the prepositional phrases and the impoverished forms of the verb referred to as ‘light verb’ (Cattell 1984). In this study a distinction is made between predicative and non-predicative prepositions providing some examples along with schematizing their layered structure of the clause. To determine the verb class …
Polysemy And Homonymy And Their Importance For The Study Of Word Meaning,
2017
Technological University Dublin
Polysemy And Homonymy And Their Importance For The Study Of Word Meaning, Amanda Mccaughren
The ITB Journal
In this article we examine the concepts of polysemy and homonymy. After a broad overview of the topic we focus on the treatment of several examples in dictionaries and indicate how listing problems can arise. We look at how polysemy and honomymy are dealt with in Chinese - a language rich in ambiguous words full of connotations and associations and we look at some of the ensuing problems facing Chinese dictionary writers and suggest a user friendly model for ambiguous lexical entries. We explore how several English words such as the polysemous preposition 'over' can be dealt with in terms …
The Schematic Organisation Of Irish Prepositions,
2017
Technological University Dublin
The Schematic Organisation Of Irish Prepositions, Molly Manning
The ITB Journal
The image schema model proposes that basic sensory-motor concepts are the prelinguistic building blocks upon which more abstract concepts are grown. Spatial particles such as prepositions encode basic information linked to embodied human experience and tend to be highly polysemous, existing in both basic and abstract domains of experience. They are therefore useful for studying the schematic properties of language across different conceptual domains, and for understanding how abstract concepts are grounded in basic experiential knowledge. In this paper we demonstrate the usefulness of an image schema approach to the analysis of Irish prepositions, illustrating how the radial structure organisation …
The Sociolinguistic Phenomenon Of Modern Greek Diglossia: The Outcome Of Conflicts Between (H)Igh And (L)Ow Variety And The National Language Question In 19th – 20th C. Greece: An Historico - Sociolinguistic Perspective.,
2017
Technological University Dublin
The Sociolinguistic Phenomenon Of Modern Greek Diglossia: The Outcome Of Conflicts Between (H)Igh And (L)Ow Variety And The National Language Question In 19th – 20th C. Greece: An Historico - Sociolinguistic Perspective., Olga-Maria Gkaragkouni
The ITB Journal
The present paper first and foremost aims to examine the sociolinguistic phenomenon of diglossia as it was depicted within the 19th and 20th century Greek linguistic community (1830-1976). More specifically, this study tries to explore the social context in general and the political-religious-ideological context in particular within which Modern Greek Diglossia (MGD for short) first presented and developed, and how it eventually declined. The paper at hand adopts a particular sociolinguistic analysis by providing the most suitable definition for the concept of diglossia – among the many variations that have been propounded with the passage of time – under which …
Adjectival Nuclear Junctures In Persian: A Role & Reference Grammar Analysis,
2017
Technological University Dublin
Adjectival Nuclear Junctures In Persian: A Role & Reference Grammar Analysis, Zari Saeedi Talab
The ITB Journal
The issue of predication is the central theme of all linguistic theories i.e. all the languages of the world have predicating elements through which communication and related propositions form. What these languages differ in is the way different elements or classes of words are used to predicate a sentence or a clause. Verbs are the most frequent and widely known predicating elements and as a matter of fact, and as Napoli (1989) maintains, developments in modern linguistics have recently allowed questions regarding the deeper levels of the nature of predication. Issues such as the status of multiple and complex predicates …
Mental Space Theory And Icelandic Sign Language,
2017
Technological University Dublin
Mental Space Theory And Icelandic Sign Language, Gudny Bjork Thorvaldsdottir
The ITB Journal
Signed languages are articulated in space and this is why the use of space is one of their most important features. They make use of 3-dimesional space and the way the space is organised during discourse is grammatically and semantically significant (Liddell 1990, Engberg-Pedersen 1993). The Theory of Mental Spaces (Fauconnier 1985) has been applied to signed languages and proves to be an especially good method when it comes to conceptual understanding of various aspects of signed languages. This paper is based on an M. Phil (Linguistics) dissertation submitted to University of Dublin, Trinity College, in 2007 and discusses how …
The Conceptual Structure Of Negative Emotions Revealed By Shocking, Annoying, And Scary Examples Of Lexical Processing,
2017
Technological University Dublin
The Conceptual Structure Of Negative Emotions Revealed By Shocking, Annoying, And Scary Examples Of Lexical Processing, Anne Herwig
The ITB Journal
Emotions can be viewed as abstract cognitive events without an external reference object. They are cognitive relations in the sense that they consist of two or more primarily autonomous events, which are set in relation to each other. Accordingly, their conceptual structure is relatively complex, and it can be of diverse nature. This is reflected in a broad variety of lexicalisation patterns, both within and across languages. The significance of emotions for human interaction and their complexity is reflected in the rich inventory of emotion terms in many cultures. Their processing in a second or foreign language requires conceptual restructuring, …
Lexicon And Grammar,
2017
Technological University Dublin
Lexicon And Grammar, Dr. Anna Herwig
The ITB Journal
Over the past decades it has become generally acknowledged that lexicon and grammar are inseparably linked, constituting “a continuum of symbolic structures“ (Langacker 1990:2). Yet, a comprehensive integration of the two realms of knowledge appears to be a difficult task. The present article offers a unified psycholinguistic perspective, which is centred on the mental lexicon, considering grammatical knowledge as part of the information structure of lexical items. It aims to model the complexity of lexical knowledge such that its perceived psychological reality, including various levels of linguistic description, becomes discernible.
The Power Of Prayer,
2017
SIT Graduate Institute
The Power Of Prayer, Victoria Dawn Thompson
Capstone Collection
If words are arbitrary, how does prayer have power?” is the question of inquiry in this paper. An unobtrusive Content Analysis inquiry methodology was used to answer this question. The answer lies in the finding that words and thoughts are not the same thing, and our thoughts expand beyond the audible and visible. The implication for professional practice these findings present is that a deeper awareness of “Self” is needed to understand people’s miraculous way of resolving conflict via prayer.
Phenomenal Marks, Ruptured Spaces, Relearning Language, Crossing Cultures,
2017
Washington University in St. Louis
Phenomenal Marks, Ruptured Spaces, Relearning Language, Crossing Cultures, Meelee Ahn
Graduate School of Art Theses
The form of my thesis is one of interruptions, or “Ruptures,” as I call them. These are events of my personal history, or stories from the lives of artists, that intervene against my narrative through graphic and language devices meant to be understood as equivalent to the material affects in my painting. Important artists and movements mentioned are Gerhard Richter, Franz Kline, Helen Frankenhauler, Lee Ufan, Doho Suh, and Abstract Expressionism. Writers and philosophers Maurice Merlou-Ponty, Gaston Bachelard, Joan Banach, Sigmund Freud, John Gage, Brian Massumi, Allen Weiss, Clement Greenburg, Shin-Chulgyu, and Yoon-Dongju are also discussed. The idea discussed include …
The Challenges And Solutions Of Online Surveys,
2017
Brigham Young University
The Challenges And Solutions Of Online Surveys, Rachel Cannon, Amanda Loh, Dan Dewey
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Surveys are a valuable tool in research. However, there is currently no place where researchers can find compiled information about the challenges of online surveys and their corresponding solutions. Research publications typically address a specific single issue, and these articles are published in a wide range of journals, making it difficult to access various findings. Our findings, which we presented as a work in progress at the Georgetown University Round Table (GURT) 2016 conference, provide a useful source that researchers can use to easily learn about the challenges of online surveys and the solutions to these challenges, helping them to …
Survive Or Thrive: A Mixed Method Study Of Visiting Chinese Language Teachers' Identity Formation In The U.S. Classrooms,
2017
Portland State University
Survive Or Thrive: A Mixed Method Study Of Visiting Chinese Language Teachers' Identity Formation In The U.S. Classrooms, Li Xiang
Dissertations and Theses
In recent years in the United States, an increasing number of people are learning Mandarin, the dominant Chinese language in China. Because of the shortage of Mandarin teachers, many visiting teachers from China with Chinese educational background are teaching Mandarin in the U.S. schools. In the U.S. classrooms, these teachers are challenged to adapt to a new setting. This experience can lead them to changing their teaching identity, that is, their basic beliefs, attitudes and practices about teaching. Understanding how Chinese teachers may form a new teaching identity in the U.S. context serves to inform future professional development activities designed …
Mongolian Vowel Harmony And Palatalization,
2017
Brigham Young University
Mongolian Vowel Harmony And Palatalization, Joshua Sims, Dirk Elzinga
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The Mongolian language is spoken by approximately 3,000,000 people in the East Asian nation of Mongolia. The language exhibits vowel harmony, a rare phenomenon where the vowels in a single word must belong to matching categories. Mongolian grammars traditionally classify the seven vowels as either “male” or “female,” as well as rounded or unrounded. The “male” vowels are pronounced with a retracted tongue root (RTR), sounding “darker,” while “female” vowels are pronounced with an advanced tongue root (ATR), sounding “lighter.” The vowel /i/ is considered neutral, neither male nor female, but its presence tends to change the pronunciation of male …
Levels Of Emotion Valence And Arousal In American Sign Language,
2017
Gallaudet University
Levels Of Emotion Valence And Arousal In American Sign Language, Sheila Bruce, Tina Sutton, Poorna Kushalnagar
JADARA
The Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW; Bradley & Lang, 1999) scale is a widely used instrument for valence and arousal response in English. A person whose first language is American Sign Language (ASL) might process the English emotion words differently. We hypothesized that ASL users might provide different valence and arousal ratings for emotion words in ASL, and a separate normative database might be necessary for this population. Forty-two Deaf adult signers completed ratings for the English and ASL conditions. Results showed that the rating for the arousal were similar for both conditions. However, the valence ratings were different, …
Faculty Response To Deselection In Academic Libraries: A Psycholinguistic Analysis,
2017
San Jose State University
Faculty Response To Deselection In Academic Libraries: A Psycholinguistic Analysis, Ann Agee
Faculty and Staff Publications
Deselection is a necessary but politically sensitive part of an academic librarian's responsibilities. To provide an overview of the emotional dynamics involved in weeding an academic collection, this article analyzes editorials, articles, and book chapters chronicling faculty response to weeding from a psycholinguistic viewpoint. Using computer-based text analysis, these accounts are examined for the amount and type of emotional content they contain. These findings provide a template for what librarians can expect when beginning a deselection process and point to best practices for working effectively with faculty to create a robust and healthy collection.
Keres Language Loss In The Santo Domingo Pueblo Community,
2017
University of New Mexico
Keres Language Loss In The Santo Domingo Pueblo Community, Christopher Chavez
American Studies ETDs
The purpose of this research is to consider the effect of the Keres language loss in the Santo Domingo Pueblo community and the need for language revitalization. The Keres-speaking community of Santo Domingo Pueblo has been adamantly opposed to instituting oral and written Keres language in the school system. The Santo Domingo people began to withhold information in response to the European intrusion into the Pueblo world. Isolating itself from the colonial powers served to maintain the unity of the Pueblo’s traditions and culture. However, a revitalization of the Keres language requires integration with the global society. Without the written …
Will We Let A Language Die?,
2017
Brigham Young University
Will We Let A Language Die?, Joseph Heath, William Eggington
Journal of Undergraduate Research
My project examined efforts to maintain the Rusyn language (also known as Ruthenian ). Rusyn is spoken by 50,000 people living primarily in Slovakia and Ukraine. Unless protected, this language may go extinct within several generations. It is one of over 100 languages in Central and Eastern Europe that have received “threatened” or “endangered” status. Globalization threatens the existence of cultures lacking nationstates, and my professional aim is to assist in the preservation of some of these cultures and their languages.
Domain Adaptation In Machine Translation,
2017
Brigham Young University
Domain Adaptation In Machine Translation, Joshua Mathias, Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
This study uses an open source statistical machine translation system (Moses) to perform machine translation for specific domains, or text types. A machine translation system can be adapted to a specific domain by using training data from the same domain. In this work we show significant improvements for machine translation by training for specific domains and compare the effectiveness of using training data in each of these domains. We also evaluate the effectiveness of different amounts of training data and combining data from different domains.
Comparing The Effects Of Phonomotor Treatment And Semantic Feature Analysis On Discourse Production For Individuals With Aphasia,
2017
Portland State University
Comparing The Effects Of Phonomotor Treatment And Semantic Feature Analysis On Discourse Production For Individuals With Aphasia, Kasey Graue
Student Research Symposium
Phonomotor treatment is a program designed to address anomic deficits in people with aphasia (PWA) by training speech sounds in isolation before progressing to sound combinations and single words (Kendall et al., 2013). Kendall et al. (2015) investigated phonomotor treatment in a sample of 26 PWA, reporting improved naming of untrained nouns and ultimate generalization of phonologic processing abilities. Despite emerging literature on the effects of the phonomotor treatment on single word production, research is limited at the discourse level. This study’s objective is to examine the extent that phonomotor treatment used for PWA increases the amount of correct information …
