Health Communication Commons^™

Extending Psychological Reactance Theory To Include Denial Of Threat And Media Sharing Intentions As Freedom Restoration Behavior, Noel H. Mcguire, Hannah Ball

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

This study extends psychological reactance theory by examining denial of a public health threat and resistance toward media sharing as two novel types of freedom restoration. Participants (N = 220) were randomly assigned to watch a video advocating COVID-19 guidelines and completed an online survey assessing corresponding perceptions and behavioral intentions. Results of structural equation modeling supported the two-step model of reactance: greater perceived freedom threat was related to greater reactance, which in turn was linked to lower intentions to comply with COVID-19 guidelines, lower intentions to share the video with one’s online social network, and greater denial of COVID-19 …

Hajj Pilgrims’ Perceptions Of Trust And Internet Use For (Emergency) Information, Sudha Arlikatti, Hassan A. Taibah, Praveen Maghelal, Simon A. Andrew, Saad A. Alkhurayyif

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This empirical study examines the patterns of internet use during Hajj, with the broader aim of providing suggestions on how organisations can improve risk communication at crowded religious venues using traditional and new media. The research team adopted a convenience sampling strategy to conduct in-person surveys of 348 Hajj pilgrims in the vicinity of the Grand Mosque in Madinah, Saudi Arabia during the October 2013 season. Of these, 150 pilgrims used the internet and their responses were analysed using simple descriptive statistics and binary regression analyses. The findings of this study suggest that Hajj pilgrims prefer accessing the internet through …

Dpo: Diffuse Pulmonary Ossification - A Diagnostic Challenge, Gaetano Rea, Giuliana Giacobbe, Danila Caroppo, Silvia Iovine, Roberta Lieto, Marialuisa Bocchino, Tullio Valente, Angelantonio Maglio, Alessandro Vatrella

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

Diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare condition of DLD (diffuse lung disease) characterized by the presence of metaplastic ectopic bone in the lungs and is less frequent in patients without a clear background of lung diseases. DPO is characterized by very small calcific nodules, often with bone mature located in both lungs and often in peripheral areas of the lungs. Two patterns of DPO have been recognized dendriform and nodular. The dendriform type is less common and is characterized by a coral-like network of bone spiculae along the alveolar septa and is often related to interstitial fibrosis or chronic …

Globularia Alypum L. Modulates Inflammatory Markers In The Human Colon And Shows A Potential Antioxidant Role In Myeloid Leukemic Cells, Najla Hajji, Elodie Hudik, Paola Iovino, Nacim Zouari, Hichem Sebai, Oliver Nusse, Carolina Ciacci

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

Globularia alypum (GA), a plant of the Globulariacea family, has long been used as a traditional cure for inflammatory and metabolic illnesses.In addition to various in vitro model studies, the current work focuses on GA'santioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in human colon biopsies.

Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry identified the phenol components in GA aqueous extract (GAAE).The antioxidant ability of GAAE was tested in vitro utilizing chemiluminescence and flow cytometry using fluorescent yeastsn conjunction with PLB-985-human myeloid leukemia cells. Experiments on human colon biopsies after a biopsy challenge with Escherichia coli-lipopolysaccharides aimed tosee if GAAE had an anti-inflammatory impact on human …

The Time For A Consensus Regarding The Coeliac Disease Diagnosis In Adults Has Come: Balancing The Pros And Cons Of Omitting The Biopsy, Carolina Ciacci, Julio C. Bao

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

How balancing the pros and cons of omitting the biopsy in diagnosing CeD in adults?

Exploring Ghanaian Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health (Srh) Information Source(S): A Qualitative Approach, Daniel Edem Adzovie, Rita Holm Adzovie

The Qualitative Report

Adolescents require information on several issues including sexual and reproductive health (SRH), which most of them receive from numerous sources. The study explored the kinds of SRH information sources adolescents in Ghana are exposed to and the source(s) which serve as their trusted one(s) vis-à-vis reasons given for trusting their sources. Using the Qualitative method of inquiry, the authors employed purposive and snowball sampling techniques to sample and interview twenty-one (n=21) adolescents (female and male) of the university of Cape Coast, Ghana. Results revealed that parents, especially mothers, are the most trusted sources of SRH information to adolescents in Ghana. …

Depression Among Medical Students In The United States During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Role Of Communication Between Universities And Their Students, Alexandra Ecker, Abbey B Berenson, Sandra J Gonzalez, Roger Zoorob, Jacqueline M Hirth

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Medical students are vulnerable to stress and depression during medical school and the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these issues. This study examined whether the risk of depression was associated with COVID-19 pandemic-related medical school communication.

METHODS: A 144 - item pilot cross-sectional online survey of medical students in the US, was carried out between September 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. Items on stress, depression, and communication between students and their medical schools were included. This study examined associations of student perceptions of universities' communication efforts and pandemic response with risk of developing depression.

RESULTS: The sample included …

The Importance Of Health Literacy: A Student-Led Workshop On Lay Communication, Sarah Jean Kamp, Jafra D. Thomas

Kinesiology and Public Health

The purpose of this experiential senior project workshop was to advance the knowledge and practice of health communication by (a) delivering a training workshop to Cal Poly undergraduate students and (b) by exploring the relationship between health literacy and effective communication through completion of a rapid review of the literature. The reviewed literature served the purpose of helping the student further design the workshop to elicit a foundational understanding of the elements of effective communication of health information as well as the history and evolution of health literacy as a concept. The workshop revised and delivered by the student was …

The Governor’S Budget Awareness For Dentistry, Christopher J. Smiley Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This editorial highlights the significance of the Governor's proposed budget in February, marking a substantial step forward for oral health awareness in Michigan. The budget allocates funds for long-sought oral health initiatives, including addressing barriers to hospital-based dental care, enhancing Medicaid coverage for adults, and streamlining dental plans. With a focus on workforce availability, the editorial emphasizes the critical role of oral health in employability. The proposed budget, influenced by effective MDA advocacy, reflects a notable achievement in prioritizing dentistry, underscoring the potential for future opportunities.

Correlation Between Social Media Use And Eating Disorder Symptoms: A Literature Review, Makenna Rose Burger

Kinesiology and Public Health

Importance: Social media is a pervasive influence in modern society presenting many potential public health implications.

Objective: The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize current research regarding social media and eating disorders.

Methods: Primary research was gathered from Google Scholar and OneSearch database resulting in 7 articles. Articles were examined for common themes.

Results: Common themes found in the resulting research is the prevalence of ‘thinspiration’, gamified content, and overlap of eating disorders with other mental illnesses. Several articles found a significant correlation between social media use and the severity of eating disorder symptoms. …

Possible Association Of Telomere Length With Sleep Duration. A Preliminary Pilot Study In A Sicilian Cohort With Centenarians., Anna Aiello, Giulia Accardi, Sawan Alì, Calogero Caruso, Maxine Chen, Immaculata De Vivo, Mattia Emanuela Ligotti, Giovanni Scapagnini, Sergio Davinelli, Giuseppina Candore

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

Telomere length (TL) is considered a biomarker of ageing although this topic is still debated. Also, sleep pattern changes are physiological part of the normal ageing process. In fact, it is widely recognized that sleep duration declines with age, leading to dysregulation of circadian rhythms. The aim of our study was to analyse the possible association of sleep duration with TL in a sample of 135 subjects with ages ranging from 20 to 111 years, recruited from Palermo and neighbouring municipalities in Sicily (Italy). Preliminary data suggest that relative TL (RTL) decreases with age in both men and women. However, …

Prevalence And Correlates Of Invitation To Participate In Clinical Trials Among Us Adults, Aurora Occa, Allison Leip, Allison S. Merritt, Jerod L. Stapleton

Communication Faculty Publications

Clinical trials are essential to modern medicine, but several barriers, including poor communication, hamper their successful completion. We examined the prevalence and correlates of invitation to participate in clinical trials among a nationally-representative sample of US adults using survey responses from the 2020 HINTS (Cycle 5). Analyses were conducted in 2021.

Overall, 9% of respondents reported being invited to a clinical trial, a prevalence that is nearly half of previously reported rates in convenience samples recruited from health care settings. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Black respondents reported the higher prevalence of invitation (16.0%) whereas Asian respondents reported the lowest (2%). …

Role Of Bpifb4 In Immune System And Cardiovascular Disease: The Lesson From Centenarians, Francesco Montella, Valentina Lopardo, Monica Cattaneo, Albino Carrizzo, Carmine Vecchione, Elena Ciaglia, Annibale A. Puca

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

Recent discoveries have shed light on the participation of the immune system in the physio pathology of the cardiovascular system underpinning the importance of keeping the balance of the first to preserve the latter. Aging, along with other risk factors, can challenge such balance triggering the onset of cardiovascular diseases.

Among several mediators ensuring the proper cross-talk between the two systems, bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing family B member 4 (BPIFB4) has been shown to have a pivotal role, also by sustaining important signals such as eNOS and PKC-alpha.

In addition, the Longevity-associated variant (LAV), which is an haplotype allele in BPIFB4characterized by …

Predictors Of Online Patient Portal Use Among A Diverse Sample Of Emerging Adults: Cross-Sectional Survey, Julie A. Wright Ph.D., Julie E. Volkman Ph.D., Suzanne G. Leveille Rn, Daniel J. Amante Mph, P.Hd.

Communications and Language Studies Faculty Journal Articles

Background: Health self-management is increasingly being influenced by emerging health information technologies (IT), especially online patient portals. Patient portals provide patients with direct access to their health information, electronic tools to manage their health, and additional opportunities to engage with their care team. Previous studies have found that patient portal use is highest among patients with high eHealth literacy, the ability to find health information from electronic sources and apply the knowledge gained to solve a health problem. The role of eHealth literacy on patient portal use appears to be especially strong among older adults with chronic diseases. The use …

Physician And Patient Moves In The Hospital Do Not Move Patient Satisfaction: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis, Basil George Verghese, Nagesh Jadhav, Walter A. Polashenski, Carl H. Reynolds

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Background. Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) is a standardized survey for measuring patient's experiences at US hospitals. There is a shift towards geographically assigning patients and physicians. However, its impact on patient satisfaction scores has not been studied.

Objective: Examine the correlation between patient experience and overall hospital rating with the number of physicians seen and the number of times the patient was moved during a hospitalization.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed using select HCAHPS & Press Ganey survey questions to assess physician satisfaction scores and overall hospital rating and recommendation scores.

Results: There …

Choosing To Thrive: An Autoethnographic Journey Of Cancer, Companionship, And Carrots, Bruce Lilyea

The Qualitative Report

In this autoethnography, I explore the companionship experience of someone supporting a cancer patient who is endeavoring to thrive in the face of this disease. A wide range of studies has been conducted on the emotional and social issues relating to cancer and specifically to breast cancer. Appropriately, most of the research relating to the personal narrative focuses on the stories of the person who has been diagnosed with cancer, and limited research has highlighted the perspective and experiences of their companions. My primary goals for this autoethnographic research are to: (1) Begin to answer the question: What role do …

Expressions Of Power In Health Care Providers’ Experiences And Behavior, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

This brief describes a secondary cross-country qualitative analysis that investigated how power manifests and can be shifted to optimize provider behavior change (PBC) approaches across health areas and geographical contexts. Breakthrough RESEARCH explored how four interrelated domains of power are differentially experienced by health care providers (HCPs) based on one’s position and function within the health system in Kenya, Malawi, Madagascar, and Togo. The results are intended to help promote quality reproductive, maternal, and newborn care by offering insights for PBC programming. Key findings showed that HCPs’ power was often constrained by limited access to resources, opportunities for advancement, and …

Determining The Most Significant Changes On Intergenerational Communication And Young People’S Family Planning And Reproductive Health Outcomes: Qualitative Evaluation Of The Merci Mon Héros Media Campaign In Niger And Côte D’Ivoire, Martha Silva, Sethson Kassegne, Robert-Hugues Yaovi Nagbe, Rebecca Ezouatchi, Lorimpo Babogou, Farida Moussa

Reproductive Health

Merci Mon Héros (MMH) is a mixed media campaign that catalyzes young people as co-leaders to improve intergenerational communication and young people’s family planning (FP) and reproductive health (RH) outcomes. Breakthrough ACTION co-facilitated and codeveloped this youth-led campaign in francophone African countries while the Breakthrough RESEARCH project was tasked with evaluating the MMH campaign to determine the most significant changes in the communities exposed to the mixed media campaign in Niger and Côte d’Ivoire. Using the qualitative methodology of Most Significant Change, participants shared personal narratives during focus group discussions in each country. The diverse stories collected in both countries …

Comment Utiliser Une Théorie Du Changement Pour Assurer Le Suivi Des Programmes De Changement Social Et Comportemental Et Les Évaluer, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

Breakthrough RESEARCH a développé ce guide sur la façon d'utiliser une théorie du changement pour surveiller et évaluer les programmes de changement social et comportemental (CSC). Ce guide aidera les responsables à soutenir le personnel de recherche, suivi et évaluation et contribuera à ce qu'ils disposent des données programmatiques requises pour assurer le suivi des résultats, et il garantira que le programme est guidé par des preuves théoriques solides avec des résultats suivis au fil du temps et à l’issue du programme. Ce guide fait partie d'une série de guides pratiques Compass SBC qui fournissent des instructions étape par étape …

How To Use A Theory Of Change To Monitor And Evaluate Social And Behavior Change Programs, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

Breakthrough RESEARCH has developed a guide on how to use a theory of change to monitor and evaluate social and behavior change (SBC) programs. This guide will help managers support research, monitoring, and evaluation staff and ensure they have the programmatic data required to track results, and it will ensure the program is guided by robust theory-driven evidence with results tracked over time and at the program’s end. This guide is one of a series of Compass SBC how-to guides that provide step-by-step instructions on how to perform core SBC tasks. From formative research through monitoring and evaluation, these guides …