Statistics and Probability Commons^™

Gender Differences In Perceptions And Self-Reported Driving Behaviors Among Teenagers. (Poster), Gavin C. Barr Jr. Md, Kathleen E. Kane Md, Robert D. Barraco Md, Timarie Rayburg Do, Lauren Dugan Do, Chadd K. Kraus Do, Mph, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep, Valerie Rupp Rn, Bsn, Kimberly Hamilton, Bryan G. Kane Md

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Toward Directed Energy Planetary Defense, Philip Lubin, Gary B. Hughes, J Bible, Jesse Bublitz, Josh Arriola, Caio Motta, Jon Suen, Isabella Johansson, Jordan Riley, Nilou Sarvian, Deborah Clayton-Warwick, Jane Wu, Andrew Milich, Mitch Oleson, Mark Pryor, Peter Krogen, Miikka Kangas, Hugh O'Neill

Statistics

Asteroids and comets that cross Earth’s orbit pose a credible risk of impact, with potentially severe disturbances to Earth and society. We propose an orbital planetary defense system capable of heating the surface of potentially hazardous objects to the vaporization point as a feasible approach to impact risk mitigation. We call the system DE-STAR, for Directed Energy System for Targeting of Asteroids and exploration. The DESTAR is a modular-phased array of kilowatt class lasers powered by photovoltaics. Modular design allows for incremental development, minimizing risk, and allowing for technological codevelopment. An orbiting structure would be developed in stages. The main …

Statistical Analysis Of The Comet Assay Using A Mixture Of Gamma Distributions, Bryan E. Shepherd, Dr. G. Bruce Schaalje

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The comet (single cell gel electrophoresis) assay is a highly sensitive method of detecting cellular DNA damage that is often used in cancer research. The “tail moment” is the most widely used measurement of DNA damage in the comet assay. A higher tail moment indicates more DNA damage. In almost all cases the tail moments of a sample of cells do not follow the normal distribution, and often the variation of tail moments between samples of cells exposed to different treatments is unequal. This causes difficulty when performing statistical analyses because these assumptions are necessary in order for t-tests or …

Bayesian Model Averaging:- An Application In Cancer Clinical Trial, Atanu Bhattacharjee

COBRA Preprint Series

Data driven conclusion is mostly accepted approach in any medical research problem. In case of limited knowledge of deep idea about supportive data on the problem, automatic digging of the variable plays important role for insight view of the study. Bayesian model averaging can be considered for automatics variable selection. It can be used as an alternative of stepwise regression method. The aim of this paper is to show the application of Bayesian modeling averaging in medical research particularly in cancer trial. Method is illustrated on Bone marrow transplant data. It can be recommended that BMA can be used frequently …

A Comparison Of Statistical Software Packages In The Analysis Of Survey Sample Data, Landon Sego, Dr. Howard B. Christensen, Dr. Stephen J. Bahr

Journal of Undergraduate Research

To investigate and quantitatively document the differences between analyzing survey sample data with traditional statistical software (SAS) and with statistical software designed for the analysis of survey samples (SUDAAN).

A Comparison Of Statistical Software Packages In The Analysis Of Survey Sample Data, Landon Sego, Dr. Howard B. Christensen, Stephen J. Bahr

Journal of Undergraduate Research

To investigate and quantitatively document the differences between analyzing survey sample data with traditional statistical software (SAS) and with statistical software designed for the analysis of survey samples (SUDAAN).

Computational Model For Survey And Trend Analysis Of Patients With Endometriosis : A Decision Aid Tool For Ebm, Salvo Reina, Vito Reina, Franco Ameglio, Mauro Costa, Alessandro Fasciani

COBRA Preprint Series

Endometriosis is increasingly collecting worldwide attention due to its medical complexity and social impact. The European community has identified this as a “social disease”. A large amount of information comes from scientists, yet several aspects of this pathology and staging criteria need to be clearly defined on a suitable number of individuals. In fact, available studies on endometriosis are not easily comparable due to a lack of standardized criteria to collect patients’ informations and scarce definitions of symptoms. Currently, only retrospective surgical stadiation is used to measure pathology intensity, while the Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) requires shareable methods and correct …

Oscillatory Behavior Of Solutions Of Third-Order Delay And Advanced Dynamic Equations, Murat Adivar, Elvan Akin, Raegan Higgins

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we consider oscillation criteria for certain third-order delay and advanced dynamic equations on unbounded time scales. A time scale T is a nonempty closed subset of the real numbers. Examples will be given to illustrate some of the results.

When Semi-Monotone Implies Monotone, Paul Bankston

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

The basic theme of this talk is the extrinsic description of objects by means of morphisms. One way to do this is to say that all monomorphisms from the object are “special” in some way; the dual of this is to single out epimorphisms to the object.

Measuring The Transmission Matrix For Microwave Radiation Propagating Through Random Waveguides: Fundamentals And Applications, Zhou Shi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis describes the measurement and analysis of the transmission matrix (TM) for microwave radiation propagating through multichannel random waveguides in the crossover to Anderson localization. Eigenvalues of the transmission matrix and the associated eigenchannels are obtained via a singular value decomposition of the TM. The sum of the transmission eigenvalues yields the transmittance T, which is the classical analog of the dimensionless conductance g. The dimensionless conductance g is the electronic conductance in units of the quantum conductance, G/(e^2/h).

For diffusive waves g>1, approximately g transmission eigenchannels contribute appreciably to the transmittance T. In …

Strengthening Interactions Between Statisticians And Collaborators: Objectives And Sample Sizes, Emily Van Meter, Richard Charnigo

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Quantifying The Statistical Impact Of Grappa In Fcmri Data With A Real-Valued Isomorphism, Iain P. Bruce, Daniel B. Rowe

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

The interpolation of missing spatial frequencies through the generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) parallel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) model implies a correlation is induced between the acquired and reconstructed frequency measurements. As the parallel image reconstruction algorithms in many medical MRI scanners are based on the GRAPPA model, this study aims to quantify the statistical implications that the GRAPPA model has in functional connectivity studies. The linear mathematical framework derived in the work of Rowe , 2007, is adapted to represent the complex-valued GRAPPA image reconstruction operation in terms of a real-valued isomorphism, and a statistical analysis is performed …

U.S. Employment Outlook For 2014: Can The U.S. Economy Stand On Its Own?, Randall W. Eberts

Periodical Articles

No abstract provided.

Reliability-Based Progressive Collapse And Redundancy Analysis Of Bridge Systems, Feng Miao

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Highway bridges like most structural systems are usually designed on a member by member basis and little consideration is provided to the effect of a local failure on system safety. There are concerns that some systems optimized to meet code-specified member design criteria may not provide sufficient levels of structural redundancy to withstand a possible local failure. In fact, a local failure of one structural element may result in the failure of another element creating a chain reaction that might progress throughout the whole structure or a major portion of it leading to a catastrophic collapse. Several recent catastrophic structural …

A Multi-Center, Two-Arm, Single-Blind Randomized Trial Of Two Different Intravenous Fluids During Labor (Poster)., Lisa M. Dapuzzo-Argiriou Md, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Meredith Rochon Md, Luisa Galdi Do, Jessika Kissling Md, Peter F. Schnatz Do, George Neubert Md, Angel Gonzalez-Rios Md, James Airoldi Md, Mary Anne Carrillo Md, Jaimie Maines Md, Allen R. Kunselman Ms, John Repke Md, Richard S. Legro Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Adaptive Pair-Matching In The Search Trial And Estimation Of The Intervention Effect, Laura Balzer, Maya L. Petersen, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

In randomized trials, pair-matching is an intuitive design strategy to protect study validity and to potentially increase study power. In a common design, candidate units are identified, and their baseline characteristics used to create the best n/2 matched pairs. Within the resulting pairs, the intervention is randomized, and the outcomes measured at the end of follow-up. We consider this design to be adaptive, because the construction of the matched pairs depends on the baseline covariates of all candidate units. As consequence, the observed data cannot be considered as n/2 independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) pairs of units, as current practice assumes. …

Concomitant Socioeconomic, Behavioral, And Biological Factors Associated With The Disproportionate Hiv Infection Burden Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men In 6 U.S. Cities, Kenneth H. Mayer, Lei Wang, Beryl A. Koblin, Sharon B. Mannheimer, Manya Magnus, +13 Additional Authors

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Background

American Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, but the factors associated with this concentrated epidemic are not fully understood.

Methods

Black MSM were enrolled in 6 US cities to evaluate a multi-component prevention intervention, with the current analysis focusing on the correlates of being newly diagnosed with HIV compared to being HIV-uninfected or previously diagnosed with HIV.

Results

HPTN 061 enrolled 1553 Black MSM whose median age was 40; 30% self-identified exclusively as gay or homosexual, 29% exclusively as bisexual, and 3% as transgender. About 1/6th(16.2%) were previously diagnosed with HIV (PD); …

Sample Survey Of Utah Educators, Ben Saville, Dr. Lara Wolfson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In assessing the performance of schools in Utah (or any other state), a critical component of valid assessment of school performance is hard data. In areas such as student performance, that information is readily available from test scores; but in understanding the job burden of teachers in the Utah educational system, very little hard data is available. I proposed to design a sample survey to address issues in which the state of Utah is “data deficient”, impairing the state’s ability to make well-informed decisions about improving working conditions for teachers. Some issues to be addressed include: the amount of money …

A Statistical Analysis Of Rater Consensus In The Byu Premedical Committee, Alane Izu, Dr. David G. Whiting

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The premedical committee at Brigham Young University exists to assist students in successfully applying to medical school. The committee consists of professors from various departments across campus as well as senior premedical students. Two different committee members interview each eligible student in March and April of the year before the student plans to enter medical school. The interviewers rate the student on a continuous scale from one to five in nine different areas: academic performance, MCAT scores, letters of recommendation, written and personal presentation, personal characteristics, reasons for choosing a medical career, extracurricular activities, involvement in community service, and demonstration …

Adaptive Randomized Trial Designs That Cannot Be Dominated By Any Standard Design At The Same Total Sample Size, Michael Rosenblum

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Prior work has shown that certain types of adaptive designs can always be dominated by a suitably chosen, standard, group sequential design. This applies to adaptive designs with rules for modifying the total sample size. A natural question is whether analogous results hold for other types of adaptive designs. We focus on adaptive enrichment designs, which involve preplanned rules for modifying enrollment criteria based on accrued data in a randomized trial. Such designs often involve multiple hypotheses, e.g., one for the total population and one for a predefined subpopulation, such as those with high disease severity at baseline. We fix …