Towards Human-Centred Intelligent Envelopes: A Framework For Capturing The Holistic Effect Of Smart Façades On Occupant Comfort And Satisfaction,
2018
University of Cambridge
Towards Human-Centred Intelligent Envelopes: A Framework For Capturing The Holistic Effect Of Smart Façades On Occupant Comfort And Satisfaction, Alessandra Luna-Navarro, Mauro Overend
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Intelligent buildings have the potential to simultaneously revolutionise the way humans live and reduce energy demand in buildings. In particular, the so-called, smart / dynamic / adaptive building envelope can selectively modulate the energy transfer between the building and its environment in response to transient outdoor conditions and indoor requirements, thereby providing a low-carbon means of achieving occupant satisfaction and well-being. However, the effect of smart facades on holistic occupant comfort and satisfaction with the environment is yet to be fully captured and quantified. This information is essential for evidence-based design and control of smart building envelopes. In this paper, …
A Novel Approach To Near-Real Time Monitoring Of Ventilation Rate And Indoor Air Quality In Residential Houses,
2018
Syracuse University
A Novel Approach To Near-Real Time Monitoring Of Ventilation Rate And Indoor Air Quality In Residential Houses, Achalu Tirfe, Jianshun Zhang
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Physics-based infiltration models, like Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) and Alberta Infiltration Model (AIM-2), have been used to predict infiltration rate in near-real time. These models are derived from the driving forces of wind and temperature difference across the building enclosure system, both of which cause pressure differences across the enclosure system for infiltration. The model incorporates other major factors like building leakage characteristics, distributions of openings, microenvironment conditions around the building enclosure as affected by building shields, topography and building shape. The accuracy of the models dependents on getting these factors right. However, these factors are specific for individual buildings …
Design And Operational Strategies For Good Indoor Air Quality In Low-Energy Dwellings: Performance Evaluation Of Two Apartment Blocks In East London, Uk,
2018
University College London
Design And Operational Strategies For Good Indoor Air Quality In Low-Energy Dwellings: Performance Evaluation Of Two Apartment Blocks In East London, Uk, Esfand Burman, Clive Shrubsole, Samuel Stamp, Dejan Mumovic, Michael Davies
International Building Physics Conference 2018
To achieve stringent energy objectives, new dwellings are subject to energy conservation measures including low air permeability and high levels of insulation. Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery (MVHR) can be used to control the balance between energy efficiency and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in these buildings. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the design and operational strategies adopted in a new development comprising two apartment blocks in East London. The findings point to significant gaps in operational energy use compared against design projections, and high concentrations in benzene and formaldehyde three years after construction. It is suggested that a combination …
Effects Of Semi-Open Space On Micro-Environmental Control,
2018
Syracuse University
Effects Of Semi-Open Space On Micro-Environmental Control, Meng Kong, Jianshun Zhang
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Semi-open space (SOS) is defined as a space semi-confined by partitions in an open space environment. Most of the previous indoor environmental researches were focused on the open space environment, while only a few of them looked into the performance of the SOS. The existence of the SOS is for providing a certain level of privacy to the occupant, but it has been reported that it significantly affects the room air distribution, hence the thermal environment and indoor air quality. The micro-environment control system is defined as a system which provides heating, cooling or ventilation to the occupant locally. In …
A New Normative Workflow For Integrated Life-Cycle Assessment,
2018
University of Notre Dame
A New Normative Workflow For Integrated Life-Cycle Assessment, Karen Angeles, Dimitrios Patsialis, Tracy Kijewski-Correa, Alexandros Taflanidis, Charles F. Vardeman Ii, Aimee Buccellato
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In order to curtail energy use by the building sector, consideration of how a "sustainable" building is constructed is paramount, in many respects, to how efficiently it operates over its lifetime. A typical building must be in use for decades before the energy expended in its daily operations surpasses the energy embodied within its initial construction, as a result of the materials used. More vitally: every building has specific vulnerabilities, particularly to hazards (e.g., earthquakes, wind, flooding) whose effects on sustainability are not explicitly considered alongside other aspects of sustainability in the design process – despite the significant environmental impact …
Big-Open-Real-Bim Data Model - Proof Of Concept,
2018
TU Wien
Big-Open-Real-Bim Data Model - Proof Of Concept, Galina Paskaleva, Sabine Wolny, Thomas Bednar
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The goal of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the continuous use of digital construction models from the planning stage onwards. The affected processes are iterative and involve multiple stakeholders who work at varying pace and in varying levels of detail. These stakeholders require highly specific tools based on diverging data models. To satisfy all those requirements one of the best known Open BIM implementations – IFC – offers a data model containing more than one thousand different types – from basic to highly specific. Due to its complexity, potential users must undergo prolonged training. The even bigger challenge for IFC, …
Optimization Of Four-Primary White Leds Based On Protective Effect And Color Quality-A Solution For Museum Illumination,
2018
Tianjin University
Optimization Of Four-Primary White Leds Based On Protective Effect And Color Quality-A Solution For Museum Illumination, Rui Dang, Nan Wang, Gang Liu, Huijiao Tan
International Building Physics Conference 2018
A solution was proposed for obtaining white light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) which are suitable for illuminating traditional Chinese paintings painted with inorganic pigments (iop-TCPs) based on the requirements of protective illumination and color quality. The damage laws and degrees of 450nm, 510nm, 583nm, and 650nm monochromatic lights which can construct four-primary white LEDs on the iop-TCPs were obtained through long-term illumination experiment and data analysis by converting color coordinates into CIE DE2000 color difference values. Then we obtained the damage formula of the constructed white LEDs, which can be used to evaluate damage degree. Spectral power distributions (SPDs) of the white LEDs, …
Field Occupants’ Behavior Monitoring Integrated To Prediction Models: Impact On Building Energy Performance,
2018
CIRIAF
Field Occupants’ Behavior Monitoring Integrated To Prediction Models: Impact On Building Energy Performance, Cristina Piselli, Ilaria Pigliautile, Anna Laura Pisello
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Given the massive scientific progress on passive and active solutions to reach near-zeroenergy targets, the necessity to consider occupants’ behavior as a key variable affecting field energy performance of buildings has become a crucial issue to face. In this panorama, a variety of deterministic and stochastic models, also supported by experimental investigations have been developed in the last decade. This paper builds upon previous contributions to analyze the real occupancy of an office building populated by peers’ offices monitored for 2 years by means of microclimate and energy-need field stations. After demonstrating that the peers do not behave the same …
The Physics In Natural Ventilation Of Cities And Buildings,
2018
University of Hong Kong
The Physics In Natural Ventilation Of Cities And Buildings, Yuguo Li
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Asian cities are mostly taller, denser, deeper and larger than those in the West, and the magnitudes of building drag or urban heat island circulation and their effects on city ventilation are also stronger. The physics of urban climate in these large cities is complex, as a combined result of local circulation and synoptic winds modified by the mountainous topography and land/sea breeze, if any. Natural ventilation of a city refers to the penetration and distribution of rural air into an urban canopy layer. The weakened city ventilation has become one major reason for worsening urban warming and air pollution …
Green Infrastructure And Urban Sustainability: Recent Advances And Future Challenges,
2018
Columbia University
Green Infrastructure And Urban Sustainability: Recent Advances And Future Challenges, Patricia J. Culligan, Robert A.W. Carleton, Christine S. Carleton
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Although the majority of urban green infrastructure (GI) programs in the United States, and elsewhere, are being driven by stormwater management challenges arising as a result of the impervious nature of modern cities, GI is also believed to provide other benefits that enhance urban sustainability. This paper discusses the role that GI systems might play in urban climate adaptation strategies for cities like New York City, where increases in both temperature and precipitation are projected over the coming decades. Examples of work conducted by the author and colleagues in New York City to quantify the performance of urban GI are …
A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Words: Smartphone Photograph-Based Surveys For Collecting Data On Office Occupant Adaptive Opportunities,
2018
Carleton University
A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Words: Smartphone Photograph-Based Surveys For Collecting Data On Office Occupant Adaptive Opportunities, William O'Brien, Anthony Fuller, Marcel Schweiker, Julia Day
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In the past several decades, psychological aspects have been become important to holistic building occupant comfort and satisfaction evaluations. Psychological dimensions of comfort include occupants’ opportunities to interact with their indoor environment and perceived control over the indoor environment. Current post-occupancy evaluations tend to focus on collecting quantitative data, despite overwhelming evidence that contextual factors can profoundly impact occupant comfort. This paper proposes and tests a novel method for data collection to study adaptive comfort opportunities. A smartphone-based survey was developed to concurrently collect office occupants’ subjective evaluations of usability and comfort of spaces, in addition to photographs of all …
Moisture Robustness Of Eaves Solutions For Ventilated Roofs – Experimental Studies,
2018
SINTEF, Norway
Moisture Robustness Of Eaves Solutions For Ventilated Roofs – Experimental Studies, Steinar Grynning, Silje Kathrin Asphaug, Lars Gullbrekken, Berit Time
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Ventilated pitched wooden roofs with eaves (roof overhangs) is a common building practice in the Scandinavian countries. The eaves are protecting the façade from rain, wind driven rain (WDR) and snow, and it covers the roof ventilation aperture. The eaves should be designed so that the least possible amounts of rainwater and snow enters the ventilation aperture between the roof cladding- and underlayer roofing. At the same time, adequate ventilation of the roof must be ensured to promote proper drying-out capabilities of the roof and to avoid problems of snow melt and ice formation at eaves and gutters during winter …
Thermal Performance Of Novel Natural Ventilation Apertures In A High-
Performance Single-Family House,
2018
University at Buffalo
Thermal Performance Of Novel Natural Ventilation Apertures In A High- Performance Single-Family House, Martha Bohm
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Natural ventilation provides opportunities to reduce residential cooling load in summer, but increasing the operability of a façade potentially increases infiltration, which is already a source of significant winter heat load. Solving both of these simultaneously is challenging. The test building for this study was a prototype house containing a novel ventilator detail which allows for porosity for summer ventilation and a tight, insulated seal in winter. We aimed to determine whether the prototype had low enough infiltration and thermal bridging to be worthy of further laboratory testing and subsequent deployment in more buildings. The test home was blower door …
An Implementation For Transforming A Home Energy Management System To A Multi-Agent System,
2018
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
An Implementation For Transforming A Home Energy Management System To A Multi-Agent System, Helia Zandi, Michael Starke, Teja Kuruganti
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In the United States, 41% of produced energy is consumed by the building sector, i.e. residential and commercial buildings (Building Energy Data Book, Buildings Sector, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, 2012. n.d.). The anticipation is that Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) will support energy efficiency gains through control of the devices in an optimal fashion. New opportunities are offering the ability to integrate grid type controls and the most suitable way to perform these controls is through a multi-agent system (MAS). In this paper, approaches on supporting a HEMS and MAS …
A Novel Methodology To Spatially Evaluate Dgp Classes By Means Of Vertical Illuminances. Preliminary Results,
2018
Politecnico di Torino
A Novel Methodology To Spatially Evaluate Dgp Classes By Means Of Vertical Illuminances. Preliminary Results, Luigi Giovannini, Fabio Favoino, Valerio R.M. Lo Verso, Anna Pellegrino, Valentina Serra
International Building Physics Conference 2018
A novel methodology to overcome the main limit of the Daylight Glare Probability DGP (i.e. the heavy computational time for an annual analysis of the DGP profile in one point) is presented. This uses a proxy based on the vertical illuminance (Ev) at the eye level. To do so, the most suitable value of Ev, to substitute DGP, is found by means of a comparison to the corresponding DGP value through a fault-detection diagnosis technique. The methodology was applied to a representative enclosed office with one South-facing window (Window-to-Wall Ratio of 50%) located in Turin. The glazing was assumed to …
Comparative Study Of Different Design Configurations Based On The Daylight And Visual Comfort Performance Of Electrochromic Glass In A Side-Lit Office Building,
2018
University of North Carolina
Comparative Study Of Different Design Configurations Based On The Daylight And Visual Comfort Performance Of Electrochromic Glass In A Side-Lit Office Building, Amir Hosseinzadeh Zarrabi, Mona Azarbayjani, Armin Amirazar, Roshanak Asharafi
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The objective of this research is to demonstrate the application of an optimization framework to assess and improve the impacts of workstation properties in relation to the performance of electrochromic glass regarding daylight and visual comfort. This framework is executed through a simulation-based parametric modeling workflow of an open-plan office to optimize partition layout, height, direction to windows, and materiality in response to annual glare probability (DGP) and climate-based daylighting metrics. In this paper, different office layouts equipped with Electrochromic glass, located in a mixed-humid climate has been simulated with DIVA plug-in for Rhinoceros/grasshopper software to maximize the daylight and …
Development Of An Electric-Driven Smart Window Model For Visual Comfort Assessment,
2018
University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
Development Of An Electric-Driven Smart Window Model For Visual Comfort Assessment, Michelangelo Scorpio, Giuseppina Iuliano, Antonio Rosato, Sergio Sibilio, Luigi Maffei, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli, Manuela Almeida
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Smart windows, especially those electric-driven, represent one of the most advanced technologies for controlling solar radiation. For a correct use, it is necessary to understand their real behaviour through in-situ measurements on full-scale application as well as calibrating and validating visual simulation models capable of predicting their performances. In this paper, the preliminary results of current research activities aimed at developing simulation models of electric-driven full-scale glazing are presented. The research activities started with the assessment of the visible solar transmittance as a function of light incident angle through in-situ measurements; different models, with related values, of the visible solar …
Lighting Quality Study Of Shopping Malls In China Based On The Evaluation Experiment,
2018
Tianjin University
Lighting Quality Study Of Shopping Malls In China Based On The Evaluation Experiment, Rui Dang, Yanhui Bu, Qingchen Wang, Gang Liu1
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The lighting environment of the shopping malls will greatly influence the customer's visual comfort and product sales. This experiment studied the lighting environment of jewelry stores with the highest lighting energy consumption in shopping malls. The jewelry store scene which was built in the Key Laboratory of Building Environment Simulation had a total of 150 lighting conditions. Then, we measured lighting parameters, and subjective evaluation of lighting quality (including lighting comfort and commodities display effect) with 30 participants were carried out. We analyzed the experimental data to get the influence law of lighting parameters on lighting quality. Finally, this paper …
On The Hygrothermal Behaviour Of Brick Veneer Cladded Timber Frame Walls: The Role Of The Vapour Diffusion Resistance Of The Wind Barrier,
2018
KU Leuven
On The Hygrothermal Behaviour Of Brick Veneer Cladded Timber Frame Walls: The Role Of The Vapour Diffusion Resistance Of The Wind Barrier, Michiel Vanpachtenbeke, Jelle Langmans, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Staf Roels
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The present study looks into the hygrothermal behaviour of timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding in a moderate sea climate. It specifically focuses on the contradictory criterion for the wind barrier when it comes to the risk of interstitial condensation for summer and winter conditions: a vapour open wind barrier is advantageous during an outward vapour flow (i.e. in typical winter conditions for European climates), while during an inward vapour flow (i.e. in summer conditions) a more vapour tight wind barrier is appropriate. Therefore, a field study is conducted on two typical timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding …
Performance Evaluation Of A Highly Insulated Wall To Withstand Mould,
2018
SINTEF, Norway
Performance Evaluation Of A Highly Insulated Wall To Withstand Mould, Klodian Gradeci, Umberto Berardi
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In this paper, the performance to withstand mould growth of a highly insulated wall is evaluated by applying a probabilistic-based methodology that accounts for the involved uncertainties and investigates their significance. A sensitivity analysis according to the Morris method is conducted to understand the influence of each parameter and simplify the system representation. Deficiencies in terms of moisture and air leakages are accounted for. The mould growth outcome is evaluated by integrating different mould models and assessment criteria. The study demonstrates that a probabilistic-based methodology enables a more systematic approach to evaluate wall constructions since it accounts for the involved …
