Thermal Performance Analysis Of Traditional Housing In Albania,
2018
Epoka University
Thermal Performance Analysis Of Traditional Housing In Albania, Rudina Belba, Sokol Dervishi
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper introduces the results of a one-year research, to gather and analyse data on the traditional housing buildings in Kukes region, Albania. The energy performance and the thermal comfort conditions in five different buildings were examined. The Design Builder Energy simulation software was used to analyse the thermal performance of the selected typologies. Detailed construction activity and weather information was applied in modelling the houses. Simulation results showed that these buildings require only heating during the winter. As for the first villa, seven improvement scenarios were applied and examined. The same scenarios incorporate the use of thermal insulation of …
Effect Of Urban Texture On Building Energy Performance,
2018
Istanbul Aydin University
Effect Of Urban Texture On Building Energy Performance, Suzi Dilara Mangan, Irem Sozen, Gul Koclar Oral, Idil Erdemir Kocagil
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Today, ongoing discussions on climate change, depletion of fossil fuels and energy efficiency emphasize the need for a more sustainable built environment and thus the need to reduce energy consumption in buildings and urban textures and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore the evaluation of building energy performance with a holistic approach, taking the effect of urban textures and microclimates into consideration has become very significant in the recent years. Urban texture is a commonly accepted expression including the form and height of buildings, the width of streets, their orientation, spatial configuration and arrangement in space intersection, vegetation and so on. …
Using Advanced Urban Canopy Models To Investigate The Potential Of Thermochromic Materials As Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategies, Claudia Fabiani, Anna Laura Pisello, Elie Bou-Zeid, Jiachuan Yang
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Recent trends in urbanization processes are causing serious threats at both local and global environmental scale. Greenhouse gas emissions, heat waves, and the heat island effect are constantly growing in intensity and produce increasing discomfort and health impacts in urban populations. In this context, the building sector is currently developing advanced and adaptive materials for building envelope and paving surface applications characterized by high energy performance and low embodied energy. Most of these innovative materials are firstly analysed at the component scale by means of laboratory investigations, while their effect on the built environment is generally assessed at a later …
Rapid Cooling Of Urban Surfaces During Rainfall: Physical Basis, Dominant Energy Fluxes, And Sensitivity To Pavement And Rainfall Properties,
2018
Princeton University
Rapid Cooling Of Urban Surfaces During Rainfall: Physical Basis, Dominant Energy Fluxes, And Sensitivity To Pavement And Rainfall Properties, Hamidreza Omidvar, Elie Bou-Zeid
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Using model for the heat transfer between pavements and runoff during rainfall, we investigate the importance of different pavement and rainfall properties, as well as crucial energy budget terms that drive the cooling processes. The results indicate that the pavement and runoff temperature and energy fluxes are very sensitive to the rain temperature. In addition, pavement albedo has a significant effect on the simulated temperature since it modifies the initial pavement temperature before the rain starts. The results also indicated that among the different energy budget terms, evaporation and long wave radiation are the main cooling terms, while the shortwave …
Analytical And Numerical Investigation On Depth And Pipe Configuration For Coaxial Borehole Heat Exchanger, A Preliminary Study,
2018
Princeton University
Analytical And Numerical Investigation On Depth And Pipe Configuration For Coaxial Borehole Heat Exchanger, A Preliminary Study, Hongshan Guo, Forrest Meggers
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Existing research on the performance of shallow geothermal systems are prone to investigate the ground as a large thermal mass at a constant temperature despite possible temperature increase at depths - otherwise commonly known as the geothermal gradient. Most of the existing analytical models that predict the heat exchange between a borehole heat exchanger with the soil does not allow for the geothermal gradients to be accounted for. The few models that actually does account for the geothermal gradients, on the other hand, does so by enforcing a pre-existing temperature gradient only. We are presenting a bottom up approach in …
Comparison Of Lattice Boltzmann Method And Finite Volume Method With Large Eddy Simulation In Isothermal Room Flow,
2018
University of Tokyo
Comparison Of Lattice Boltzmann Method And Finite Volume Method With Large Eddy Simulation In Isothermal Room Flow, Mengtao Han, Ryozo Ooka, Hideki Kikumoto
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), as a new computational fluid simulation method, has aroused widespread attention in recent decades within engineering practice. LBM with large eddy simulation (LBM-LES) model is commonly used in predicting high Reynolds flow, and is considered to have a prediction accuracy similar to traditional finite volume method (FVMLES). Nonetheless, a systematic discussion on the accuracy of LBM-LES, and its consistency with FVM-LES, in indoor turbulent flow situations, is still insufficient. In this study, simulations of an indoor isothermal forced convection benchmark case (from IEA Annex 20) are implemented by using both LBM-LES and FVM-LES, with the aim …
Development Of A Supermarket Prototype Building Model,
2018
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Development Of A Supermarket Prototype Building Model, Piljae Im, Brian A. Fricke, Joshua R. New, Mark B. Adams
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The U.S. Department of Energy supports the development of commercial building energy codes and standards by participating in industry reviews, update processes, and providing technical analyses to support both published model codes and potential changes. In support of ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 and the International Energy Conservation Code, 16 commercial prototype building models were developed that cover 80% of the commercial building floor area in the United States for new construction, including both commercial buildings and mid- to high-rise residential buildings, across all U.S. climate zones. However, the current set of commercial prototype building models does not include a supermarket building …
House: Building Energy Efficiency Understanding Through An Enabled Boundary Object,
2018
Imperial College London
House: Building Energy Efficiency Understanding Through An Enabled Boundary Object, Deborah Adkins, Peter R.N. Childs
International Building Physics Conference 2018
We report the results of an empirical study on an enabled application’s ability to act as a boundary object and build understanding of energy efficiency solutions. Combining digital and tangible technology with radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, we have created an interactive, digitally enabled device and application called HOUSE (Home User and Stakeholder Environment). The HOUSE tool and application have been designed and developed to support interaction and collaboration in the exploration of domestic energy efficiency solutions. HOUSE allows users to associate information with physical representations, and to explore this information through manipulation of enabled objects. The interactive application consists of …
The Influence Of Window Opening Habits On The Residential Energy Use In Nearly Zero Energy Buildings,
2018
University of Ghent
The Influence Of Window Opening Habits On The Residential Energy Use In Nearly Zero Energy Buildings, Silke Verbruggen, Marc Delghust, Jelle Laverge, Arnold Janssens
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In this paper, we discuss the presence of habits in the window opening behaviour of social housing tenants in a nearly zero-energy development in Belgium. A window opening habit can be defined as an action with a window that is repeated daily around the same time independently of the prevailing weather conditions. A carbon neutral social housing estate (106 apartments and 90 single family dwellings) was used as a test case. Questionnaires, window opening logging with a building monitoring system and cross-sectional surveys were used to collect window opening data. A method to identify window opening habits is determined. Up …
Achieving Faster Building Energy Model Optimization Through Selective Zone Elimination,
2018
Carleton University
Achieving Faster Building Energy Model Optimization Through Selective Zone Elimination, Zixiao Shi, Scott Bucking, William O'Brien
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Optimization in building performance simulation (BPS) has become increasingly important due to the growing need for high-performance building design and operation. Numerous research efforts have been dedicated to decreasing optimization runtime by introducing improved optimization algorithms and advanced sampling techniques. This paper presents a novel model order reduction (MOR) algorithm tailored for speeding up building energy simulation. The algorithm identifies archetype zones simplifying the needless repetition of thermal zones. For an entire optimization process, this MOR method can be repeated recursively to reproduce reduced models. The proposed method can be used to speed up large-scale simulations including optimization, uncertainty analysis …
Optimization Of Night Cooling Of Commercial Premises Using Genetic Algorithms And Neural Networks,
2018
NCC Construction
Optimization Of Night Cooling Of Commercial Premises Using Genetic Algorithms And Neural Networks, Emmy Dahlström, Linus Rönn, Angela Sasic Kalagasidis
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper investigates if it is possible to optimize night cooling control setpoints and ventilation schedule regarding energy consumption and indoor climate. A retail store, located in Gothenburg, was used as a case study. The investigation was done by numerical modelling and simulations. It started with development and calibration of a building energy model for the store with data collected from the field. Afterwards, the calibrated model was used in the optimization of the night cooling. Initially, a genetic algorithm was applied to find the global minimum of the problem and further refined with a local search algorithm. The optimization …
Determination Of Lead Dust Fall Rates During Deconstruction Of Wood Frame Buildings In An Urban Region In The Northeastern United States,
2018
State University of New York
Determination Of Lead Dust Fall Rates During Deconstruction Of Wood Frame Buildings In An Urban Region In The Northeastern United States, Paul Crovella, Marc Delaney, Melisa Kohan
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Title: Lead dust fall deposition rates during deconstruction of wood frame buildings in an urban region in the Northeastern United States. Objectives: Determine the lead dust fall deposition rate due to hybrid deconstruction (separation and removal of building components) of wood-frame structures, and compare that to the lead dust fall deposition rate from demolition (compression and collapse of building components). Scope: A city block with a total of 11 wood-frame structures was selected as the location for the deconstruction leadfall testing. Testing was done during the deconstruction of 7 of the 11 pre-1950 homes (mean construction year 1928, mean floor …
Hygrothermal Performance Of A Hygroscopic And Permeable Wall Assembly: Impact Of A Vented Wall Cavity,
2018
University of Southern Denmark
Hygrothermal Performance Of A Hygroscopic And Permeable Wall Assembly: Impact Of A Vented Wall Cavity, Diane Bastien, Martin Winther-Gaasvig
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Building envelopes that are hygroscopic and permeable to water vapour can contribute to improve the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in buildings by reducing indoor humidity fluctuations and the concentration of some contaminants like CO2. However, risks of interstitial condensation and mold growth need to be assessed to ensure the durability of such building envelopes. The objective of this paper is to perform hygrothermal simulations of a case study house designed with a Hygroscopic and Permeable Building Envelope (HPBE) and to assess the impact of having a vented cavity compared to a face-sealed wall. This contribution presents hygrothermal simulations of a …
Improving Durability Of Wooden Beam Bearings In Inside Insulated Walls By Tempering The Beam’S Heads,
2018
TU Wien, Vienna
Improving Durability Of Wooden Beam Bearings In Inside Insulated Walls By Tempering The Beam’S Heads, Paul Wegerer, Thomas Bednar
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Improving durability of wooden beam bearings after a thermal renovation via interior insulation is highly demanding for planners. Because of an isolated thermal bridge in the area of the wooden beam head the risk of condensation water forming in this area increases after installing interior insulation. The problem with wooden beam ends has been analysed increasingly in the last few years by many research institutions as wooden ceiling constructions are common in existing buildings. Furthermore, thermal renovation makes a vital contribution regarding improving the energy-efficiency of existing buildings. In this paper a method to temper wooden beam ends is introduced. …
Understanding Swelling Of Wood Through Multiscale Modeling,
2018
Empa, Switzerland
Understanding Swelling Of Wood Through Multiscale Modeling, Dominique Derome, Chi Zhang, Mingyang Chen, Jan Carmeliet
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Wood is a well-used building material where the capacity of wood to absorb water leads to swelling and reduced mechanical properties, and also to questions of durability. The origin of the hygroscopic behavior of wood lies at the nanoscale material that composes its cell walls. Using atomistic modeling, we study the hygromechanical behavior of the different polymeric components of wood, separately and in aggregate configurations. We report the coupled effects of water sorption on the hygric and mechanical properties of the S2 cell wall layer and we upscale the findings using a poromechanical framework.
Sorption Hysteresis In Wood And Its Coupling To Swelling: A New Modelling Approach,
2018
ETH Zurich
Sorption Hysteresis In Wood And Its Coupling To Swelling: A New Modelling Approach, Jan Carmeliet, Mingyang Chen, Dominique Derome
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Sorption hysteresis of amorphous cellulose is studied. Cellulose, as a renewable organic biopolymer, is an essential component of various natural composites such as wood. A coupling process between sorption and deformation leads to the hysteresis as observed in sorption and swelling, both experimental and simulated for cellulose and wood in general.
Analysis Of Dynamic Variation Characteristics And Influential Factors Of Pm2.5 On Subway Platforms Under Air-Conditioning Condition And Ventilation Condition,
2018
University of Shanghai for science and technology
Analysis Of Dynamic Variation Characteristics And Influential Factors Of Pm2.5 On Subway Platforms Under Air-Conditioning Condition And Ventilation Condition, Lihui Wang, Jihua Zhang, Tianwei Hu, Meng Kong, Jensen Zhang, Jie Song, Yi Zheng
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The purpose of this study is to investigate the main influential factors of the subway Particulate Matter (PM) pollutants under the air-conditioning condition and ventilation condition, by an on-site field measurement in a subway station in Shanghai. It is found that the dust accumulation at fresh air shaft was the secondary dusting action under the influence of fresh air flow, leading to a higher concentration of the PM in the subway station than in the outdoor air even when the outdoor air quality was good. In addition, in the morning rush hour the PM 2.5 value near the platform screen …
An Investigation On The Quantitative Correlation Between Urban Morphology Parameters And Outdoor Ventilation Efficiency Indices,
2018
Nanjing University
An Investigation On The Quantitative Correlation Between Urban Morphology Parameters And Outdoor Ventilation Efficiency Indices, Wowo Ding, Yunlong Peng, Zhi Gao
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Urban outdoor ventilation and pollutant dispersion have important implications for the urban planning and design of urban morphology. In this paper, two urban morphology parameters including Floor area ratio (FAR) and Building site coverage (BSC) are attempted to investigate the quantitative correlation with urban ventilation indices. Firstly, we present an idealized model including nine basic units. The FAR of model is constant 5.0, and the BSC increases from 11% to 77%, which in consequence generates 101 non-repetitive asymmetric forms. Next, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is employed to evaluate the ventilation efficiency of pedestrian level within each model’s central area. …
Utilization Of Heat Recovery Ventilation: Steady-State Two-Zone Heat Loss Analysis And Field Studies,
2018
Ghent University
Utilization Of Heat Recovery Ventilation: Steady-State Two-Zone Heat Loss Analysis And Field Studies, Arnold Janssens, Wolf Bracke, Marc Delghust, Eline Himpe, Silke Verbruggen, Jelle Laverge
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In new houses in Europe the share of mechanical ventilation with heat recovery is increasing as a result of more severe energy performance requirements and of energy labelling for residential ventilation units. The methods used to assess the influence of heat recovery ventilation on the heating energy use in energy labelling and certification are typically based on single zone energy balance equations, although heating behaviour and set-points differ in different rooms of a dwelling. As a result of this the energy savings of heat recovery ventilation as assessed with single zone methods may be larger than when the spatial variations …
Comparison Of Data-Driven Building Energy Use Models For Retrofit Impact Evaluation,
2018
Carnegie Mellon University
Comparison Of Data-Driven Building Energy Use Models For Retrofit Impact Evaluation, Yujie Xu, Azizan Aziz, Bertrand Lasternas, Vivian Loftness
International Building Physics Conference 2018
A change-point (piecewise linear regression) model fitted to the pre-retrofit data as the counterfactual for the savings calculation, is considered to be the best approach to evaluating the energy savings of building retrofits ( ASHRAE Guideline 14). However, when applied to a large portfolio savings analysis with substantial multi-year data, the change-point model does not fit the data well in some cases. The study thus aims to improve the accuracy of the changepoint model by: 1) using more advanced non-linear models, 2) incorporating additional input features, and 3) increasing the time resolution of input variables. We found that random forest …
