Daylight Availability In A Room Equipped With Pcm Window,
2018
Lodz University of Technology
Daylight Availability In A Room Equipped With Pcm Window, Dominika Knera, Dariusz Heim
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The increase in building energy performance mainly focused on the improvement of physical properties (thermal and optical) of individual components of building envelope. Very good isolation parameters can be easily achieved for opaque elements like walls and roofs. However, improvement of glazed component parameters is still required. Improving thermophysical properties of window can be achieved using phase change material (PCM). Presented work is a part of extensive research project including the analysis and experimental investigation of window integrated with PCM layer. This modification changes the thermal properties of glass unit and effects on visible light transmission through the window. The …
Experimental Investigations Of Wooden Beam Ends In Masonry With Internal Insulation: Results Contrasting Three Years Of The Experiment,
2018
University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings
Experimental Investigations Of Wooden Beam Ends In Masonry With Internal Insulation: Results Contrasting Three Years Of The Experiment, Pavel Kopecký, Kamil Staněk, Michal Bureš, Jan Richter, Jan Tywoniak
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper deals with hygro-thermal performance of wooden beam ends embedded in masonry walls with lime-cement plaster applied on the external side. Three different insulation systems are attached on the internal side of masonry. The real scale experiment has been monitored for three consecutive years. Microclimatic conditions in joist pockets were assessed by VTT mold growth index. The paper shows the influence of two changes of boundary conditions on the microclimate in joist pockets. First, moisture load on the internal side of building enclosure was increased (24 °C, 60 % in winter 2016/2017 instead 20 °C, 50 % in winter …
Experimental Validation Of A Model For Naturally Ventilated Double-Skin Facades,
2018
Politecnico di Milano
Experimental Validation Of A Model For Naturally Ventilated Double-Skin Facades, Alessandro Dama, Matteo Dopudi, Olena Kalyanova Larsen
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The steady state thermal model discussed in this paper is devoted to predict the temperatures and heat fluxes through a naturally ventilated DSF, having solar radiation and environmental temperatures as inputs. It is coupled with a fluid-dynamic model, based on a pressure loop, which takes into account both buoyancy and wind pressure at the openings. The model has been validated against experimental data, basing on the prediction of the internal surface temperature of the DSF. Results show acceptable accuracy in the prediction of the heat flux towards the inside, even though they reveal a slight heat flux overestimation associated with …
Pv-Pcm System Integrated Into A Double Skin Façade. A Genetic Optimization Based Study For The Pcm Type Selection,
2018
Denmark Technical University-DTU
Pv-Pcm System Integrated Into A Double Skin Façade. A Genetic Optimization Based Study For The Pcm Type Selection, Hagar Elarga, Andrea Dal Monte, Francesco Goia, Ernesto Benini
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper reports the results of a genetic optimisation based numerical analysis of a PV-PCM system integrated into a double skin façade. The aim of the research activity was to develop and test the performance of a proposed simulation approach to identify the optimal configuration of the PCM layer, in terms of temperature transition range, and thickness, to assure the best energy performance of the façade system. Furthermore, because of the intimate relationship between the PCM’s features and the ventilated cavity to define the performance of the façade system, the domain of exploration included as variable the airflow rate and …
Campus As A Lab For Computer Vision-Based Heat Mapping Drones: A Case Study For Multiple Building Envelope Inspection Using Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas),
2018
Syracuse University
Campus As A Lab For Computer Vision-Based Heat Mapping Drones: A Case Study For Multiple Building Envelope Inspection Using Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas), Tarek Rakha, Amanda Liberty, Alice Gorodetsky, Burak Kakillioglu, Senem Velipasalar
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS – a.k.a. drones) have evolved over the past decade as both advanced military technology and off-the-shelf consumer devices. There is a gradual shift towards public use of drones, which presents opportunities for effective remote procedures that can disrupt a variety of design disciplines. In architecture praxis, UAS equipment with remote sensing gear presents an opportunity for analysis and inspection of existing building stocks, where architects, engineers, building energy auditors as well as owners can document building performance, visualize heat transfer using infrared imaging and create digital models using 3D photogrammetry. Comprehensive energy audits are essential to …
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method For Model-Based Optimal Control Of Hvac Systems,
2018
Carnegie Mellon University
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method For Model-Based Optimal Control Of Hvac Systems, Zhiang Zhang, Chenlu Zhang, Khee Poh Lam
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Model-based optimal control (MOC) methods have strong potential to improve the energy efficiency of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. However, most existing MOC methods require a low-order building model, which significantly limits the practicability of such methods. This study develops a novel model-based optimal control method for HVAC supervisory-level control based on the recently-proposed deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework. The control method can directly use whole building energy model, a widely used flexible building modelling method, as the model and train an optimal control policy using DRL. By integrating deep learning models, the proposed control method can directly …
Air Cooling And Dehumidification With A Zeolite Coated Heat Exchanger Regenerated By Solar Thermal Energy,
2018
Politechnic of Turin
Air Cooling And Dehumidification With A Zeolite Coated Heat Exchanger Regenerated By Solar Thermal Energy, Vincenzo Gentile, Marco Simonetti, Fabio Restagno
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper presents some experimental results of a new device for low energy/low exergy air conditioning system. The device can realize both dehumidification and sensible cooling of external air, and it is designed for very low pressure drops, drastically reducing the electricity consumption for the driving fans. It is composed by a finned coil heat exchanger, coated with a SAPO-34 zeolite layer, that handles both heat and mass transfer in a single component. During the adsorption a cold water flow at 20 °C circulates through the coil, cooling the air and realizing in a single step a complete air-treatment. Hot …
Periodic Alternation Between Intake And Exhaust Of Air In Dynamic Insulation,
2018
Kindai University
Periodic Alternation Between Intake And Exhaust Of Air In Dynamic Insulation, Masaru Abuku, Akira Fukushima, Tsukasa Tsukidate, Sayaka Murata, Akinori Hosoi, Hideo Ichiboji, Daisuke Kitagawa, Kanako Makita
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Dynamic insulation (DI) can recover heat lost in conduction by drawing cold outdoor air into indoor through an insulation wall in winter. A “breathing DI” system we proposed in the past has functions both as an insulated envelope and as a highly efficient heat exchanger for ventilation. It is alternated periodically that the outdoor air is drawn through half of walls made of breathable inorganic concrete (BIC) and the indoor air is exhausted through the other half of the BIC walls. In order to put the breathing DI system into practice in housing construction, this paper presents some studies from …
Aerogel-Enhanced Blankets: State-Of-The-Art, Market Readiness, And Future Challenges,
2018
Ryerson University
Aerogel-Enhanced Blankets: State-Of-The-Art, Market Readiness, And Future Challenges, Umberto Berardi, Syed (Mark) Zaidi, Bryan Kovisto
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Aerogel-enhanced products are often indicated as promising materials for increasing the thermal resistance of the building envelope. In particular, aerogel-enhanced blankets have already showed their effectiveness in several retrofitting projects. This paper aims to review the current state of the art regarding aerogel-enhanced blankets. In these materials, a fiber matrix bonds together the aerogel structure, compensating the low mechanical properties of the aerogels without reducing their exceptionally low thermal conductivity. This paper describes current aerogel-enhanced blankets existing worldwide and produced by different companies. Then, a new aerogel-enhanced blanket developed by the authors is presented. Thermal characterization tests confirm the superior …
Effect Of Air Pressure On Moisture Transfer Inside Porous Building Materials Three-Dimensional Behavior Of Moisture And Air,
2018
Kyoto University
Effect Of Air Pressure On Moisture Transfer Inside Porous Building Materials Three-Dimensional Behavior Of Moisture And Air, Kazuma Fukui, Chiemi Iba, Shuichi Hokoi, Daisuke Ogura
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The effect of air pressure on moisture transfer inside porous building materials cannot be ignored in cases in which air cannot escape through the surfaces of the materials; in such cases, the air is compressed by the movement of the moisture. Therefore, in a situation in which most surfaces of a specimen are sealed or treated with surface-protecting materials (a situation that is often encountered in typical water-absorption tests), the experimental results may differ from those without sealed or treated surfaces. In the present study, the influence of air pressure on moisture transfer was investigated quantitatively. First, the following water-absorption …
Experimental Analysis Of Micro-Cracks On The Change Of Moisture Transport Properties Of Aac,
2018
Czech Technical University in Prague
Experimental Analysis Of Micro-Cracks On The Change Of Moisture Transport Properties Of Aac, Jiří Maděra, Jan Kočí, Václav Kočí, Miloš Jerman, Magdaléna Doleželová
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In this paper, series of experiment measurements is carried out in order to study effect of freeze/thaw loading on the change of moisture transport properties of autoclaved aerated concrete. The samples were subjected to 15, 30 and 45 freeze/thaw cycles and subsequently basic physical properties, pore size distribution and water vapor and liquid water transport properties were investigated. The results showed significant changes in material properties of the material. The results of this research can be further implemented into computational models in order to bring the simulation results closer to the reality.
Measurements Of Temperature Dependency On Thermal Insulation Thickness In Ventilated Attics,
2018
Aalborg University
Measurements Of Temperature Dependency On Thermal Insulation Thickness In Ventilated Attics, Thor Hansen, Eva B. Moeller
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The main objective of this paper is by measurements to investigate whether increased thermal insulation thickness reduces the temperature in ventilated attics. With lower heat flux through the ceiling in the winter, the theory is that the temperature in the attic decreases and consequently the relative humidity increases which may cause mold growth. While some simulations support this theory, others do not. To test the theory in practice, measurements were performed in 29 dwellings, mainly older single family houses with ventilated attics and insulation thicknesses varying between 150 and 600 mm (6“ and 23“). The temperature was measured for more …
Novel Gas-Driven Fuel Cell Hvac And Dehumidification Prototype,
2018
Blue Frontier, LLC
Novel Gas-Driven Fuel Cell Hvac And Dehumidification Prototype, Daniel Betts, Moonis R. Ally, Vishaldeep Sharma, Matthew Tilghman, Matthew Graham, Shyam Mudiraj
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Performance of a novel gas-driven, electricity-producing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system with no vapor compression and no hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant shall be discussed in the paper. The prototype was evaluated at ORNL under a Small Business Voucher (SBV) Cooperative Research and Development (CRADA) program. The target market is commercial buildings in the United States. The goal is to mitigate or eliminate grid-power for building air conditioning, coincident peak demand and associated spinning reserves, aiding in flattening of the “duck curve”. The technical goal is to transform the common packaged rooftop unit into a cost-effective distributed energy resource, opening …
Multi-Stage Optimal Design Of Energy Systems For Urban Districts,
2018
ETH Zurich; Empa Duebendorf
Multi-Stage Optimal Design Of Energy Systems For Urban Districts, Georgios Mavromatidis, Kristina Orehounig, Jan Carmeliet
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Urban districts develop in a dynamic manner over multi-year horizons with new buildings being added and changes being made to existing buildings (e.g. retrofits). Nevertheless, optimization models used to design urban district energy systems (DES) commonly consider a single, “typical” year for the design. This practice, however, does not allow for energy design decisions to be made in multiple phases in order to reflect a district’s development phases. This paper addresses this issue and presents a novel optimization model that allows the multi-stage optimal design of urban DES. The model identifies the cost-optimal technology investment decisions across a horizon that …
Classification Of The Indoor Environment In A High-School Building By Means Of Subjective Responses,
2018
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
Classification Of The Indoor Environment In A High-School Building By Means Of Subjective Responses, Lorenza Pistore, Ilaria Pittana, Francesca Cappelletti, Andrea Gasparella, Piercarlo Romagnoni
International Building Physics Conference 2018
In this paper the subjective evaluation of the indoor environment of a secondary school in Treviso (Italy) is presented. Field campaigns have been carried out during the winter season in order to assess people overall satisfaction about the environment, their behavior towards discomfort and their interactions with the building and the systems. A specific questionnaire has been elaborated, paying particular attention to the occupants target and to the questions needed to grasp not only the comfort feedbacks, but also the dynamics and the individual students’ attitudes that can influence the building energy performance. A first general evaluation has been elaborated …
Optimization Of Electric Vehicle Charging In A Fully (Nearly) Electric Campus Energy System,
2018
Stanford University
Optimization Of Electric Vehicle Charging In A Fully (Nearly) Electric Campus Energy System, Jacques A. De Chalendar, Jason H. Frost, Sally M. Benson
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The goal of this work is to build a set of computational tools to aid decision making for the modelling and operations of integrated urban energy systems that actively interact with the power grid of the future. District heating and cooling networks incorporating heat recovery and large-scale thermal storage, such as the Stanford campus system, dramatically reduce energy waste and greenhouse gas emissions. They have historically played a small, but important role at a local level. Here we explore the potential for other co-benefits, including the provision of load following services to the electrical grid, carbon emissions reductions or demand …
Indoor Air Quality And Thermal Comfort For Elderly Residents In Houston Tx—A Case Study,
2018
Arizona State University
Indoor Air Quality And Thermal Comfort For Elderly Residents In Houston Tx—A Case Study, Amir Baniassadi, David J. Sailor, Cassandra R. Olenick
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The elderly population is more vulnerable to poor indoor environmental quality. They also spend a larger portion of their time indoors than the general public, further exacerbating the associated health risks. As part of a larger study which aims to understand the health risks for the elderly population resulting from extreme heat events in Houston, TX, this study gathered empirical data on thermal comfort and air quality in existing assisted living facilities and in individual homes of the elderly. We made continuous measurements of indoor dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and occupancy status in 25 buildings during …
Method For Detecting Contaminant Transport Through Leakages In A Condemned School,
2018
Chalmers University of Technology
Method For Detecting Contaminant Transport Through Leakages In A Condemned School, Fredrik Domhagen, Paula Wahlgren, Carl-Eric Hagentoft
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Many schools in Sweden, have problems with the indoor air, affecting the wellbeing and health of both pupil and teachers. Contaminants in the air, such as mold spores, radon, odors, and VOC, cause problems and it can be difficult to find the contaminant source, in particular if it is within the building construction. The aim of this project is to investigate air leakage paths and pressure differences in a school building with IAQ problems and to analyze how these parameters are related to contaminant transport. An increased knowledge of how contaminants are transported will then form the base for an …
Empirical Assessment Of Summertime Overheating Risk In New, Retrofitted And Existing Uk Dwellings,
2018
Oxford Brookes University
Empirical Assessment Of Summertime Overheating Risk In New, Retrofitted And Existing Uk Dwellings, Rajat Gupta, Matt Gregg, Robert Irving
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper statistically assesses the hourly internal summertime temperature datasets gathered during the summer of 2013 (May to September), from 63 dwellings across the UK. The sample consisted of unmodified dwellings (existing); dwellings with varying levels of fabric improvements (retrofitted) and dwellings constructed to higher levels of the Code for Sustainable Homes (new). Indoor and outdoor temperature data from bedrooms and living rooms from these homes were collected at five-minute intervals using temperature sensors. These data were processed and analysed for summertime overheating, using both static criteria (CIBSE Guide A) and the criteria associated with the EN15251 adaptive thermal comfort …
Lighting Simulation For External Venetian Blinds Based On Btdf And Hdr Sky Luminance Monitoring,
2018
´Ecole polytechnique fe´de´rale deLausanne (EPFL)
Lighting Simulation For External Venetian Blinds Based On Btdf And Hdr Sky Luminance Monitoring, Yujie Wu, Je´RˆOme Henri Ka¨Mpf, Jean-Louis Scartezzini
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The precise daylighting simulation in buildings can potentially contribute to designers’ and occupants’ smart utilization of it. The traditional method of employing sky models was indicated with noticeable errors in transient lighting simulation for complex fenestration systems (CFS), due to the mismatch between the real sky and standard sky models. This paper evaluates the performance of a calibrated embedded photometric device based on sky luminance monitoring, capable of real-time on-board lighting computing. Daylighting experiments for external Venetian blinds (EVB) were conducted in a lighting test module to demonstrate its accuracy in the simulation of horizontal work-plane illuminance. The BTDF of …
