4-D Evolution Of Anticlines And Implications For Hydrocarbon Exploration Within The Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt, Kurdistan Region, Iraq,
2015
Salahaddin University-Erbil, Iraq
4-D Evolution Of Anticlines And Implications For Hydrocarbon Exploration Within The Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Mjahid M. Zebari, Caroline M. Burberry
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
The Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt, extending from southern Iran, through northern Iraq and into Turkey, is characterized by elongate NW-trending anticlines that house large hydrocarbon accumulations. In recent years, the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq has become an area of interest for both structural studies and petroleum exploration-related investigation. Key questions to be answered concern the nature of the anticlines and whether the geometry of any associated thrusts can be predicted from surface geomorphology, as well the 4-D evolution of the area and along-strike continuity of the anticlines. To address these questions, this study combines field data, remote-sensing data concerning the …
Multi-Instrumental Investigation Of Volcanic Outgassing At Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala.,
2015
Michigan Technological University
Multi-Instrumental Investigation Of Volcanic Outgassing At Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala., Carlo Prandi
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Pacaya is one of the most active volcano in the world and it is only ≈30Km South of Guatemala City, the capital of Guatemala, that has a population of about 2 million of people and a surrounding metropolitan area where ≈4.5 million of people live. So mitigate the volcanic hazard improving the knowledge and the understanding of Pacaya is fundamental to decrease the risk factor at which the surrounding population is exposed. This study aims to furnish a new large database, the analysis, the comparison and the interpretations of data that come from different techniques of sampling, about the volcanic …
The Effect Of Basement Fault Reactivation On The Triassic—Recent Geology Of Kurdistan, North Iraq,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Effect Of Basement Fault Reactivation On The Triassic—Recent Geology Of Kurdistan, North Iraq, Caroline M. Burberry
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
The Zagros orogenic belt is underlain by a complex faulted Precambrian basement. Major fault trends originating in this basement have been invoked to explain large-scale structural changes along the strike of the orogen, e.g. the development of the Kirkuk Embayment (Kurdistan, Iraq) and the Lurestan Salient (Iran). However, within the Kirkuk Embayment, these structural trends have not previously been considered as an interacting group of faults which are periodically reactivated. This contribution first presents a revised basement fault map for the Kirkuk Embayment, created from interpreted gravity data, existing fault maps and remote sensing lineament analyses. This map is then …
Rapid Middle To Late Miocene Slip Along The Zanskar Normal Fault, Greater Himalayan Range, Nw, India: Constraints From Low-Temperature Thermochronometry,
2015
Central Washington University
Rapid Middle To Late Miocene Slip Along The Zanskar Normal Fault, Greater Himalayan Range, Nw, India: Constraints From Low-Temperature Thermochronometry, Brett L. Shurtleff
All Master's Theses
The Zanskar normal fault (ZF) is a NW-striking, moderately NE-dipping, normal fault that bounds the northern flank of the Greater Himalaya Range, NW India. The ZF is the far west continuation of the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS), a major arc-parallel normal sense shear zone that spans the length of the Himalayan orogen. Detailed new zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He (ZHe and AHe) and apatite fission-track (AFT) thermochronometric data from high-grade (amphibolite-migmatite) Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS) metamorphic rocks, exposed in the footwall immediately adjacent to the ZF, provide constraints on the middle Miocene to present exhumation history of the footwall. The …
Geologic Mapping In The Black Mountain Area, Northern Eastern California Shear Zone: Testing A Kinematic And Geometric Fault Slip Transfer Model,
2015
Central Washington University
Geologic Mapping In The Black Mountain Area, Northern Eastern California Shear Zone: Testing A Kinematic And Geometric Fault Slip Transfer Model, Kevin M. Delano
All Master's Theses
New geologic mapping, structural, kinematic, and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology studies in the Black Mountain area, northern eastern California shear zone, are used to test a kinematic fault slip transfer model for the Owens Valley fault-Mina deflection transition. In the Black Mountain area, range bounding ~NNW- to ~NS-striking and lesser NW- to NE-striking normal faults cut Mesozoic, Miocene (22.42 ± 0.05 Ma), Pliocene (3.53 ± 0.06 to 3.29 ± 0.02 Ma), and early-middle Pleistocene (1936 ± 12.7 to 766 ± 3.1 ka) rocks. Palinspastically restored cross-sections show that offset Pliocene markers record 1.5 +0.7/-0.6 km of ~ENE-WSW extension since …
Proterozoic Tectonometamorphic Evolution Of The Ruby Range, Sw Montana, Usa: Insights From Phase Equilibria Modeling And In Situ Monazite Petrochronology,
2015
University of Montana
Proterozoic Tectonometamorphic Evolution Of The Ruby Range, Sw Montana, Usa: Insights From Phase Equilibria Modeling And In Situ Monazite Petrochronology, Martin Cramer
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Phase equilibria modeling and monazite petrochronology reveal a complex history for the Ruby Range, SW Montana, which provides insights into the reactivation and growth of the northwestern Wyoming craton. Metapelites and orthoamphibolites from three areas were investigated. Stone Creek, the structurally highest area along the western flank, records a clockwise P–T path with peak conditions of ~6.5 kbar and ~760 °C and post-peak conditions of ~6.0 kbar and ~680 °C. Monazite growth in this area occurred at 1790–1723 Ma, with monazite inclusions in garnet at 1757 ± 8 Ma. Structurally deeper rocks at Elk Gulch in the south-central part …
Spatial And Temporal Variation In Penetrative Strain During
Compression: Insights From Analog Models,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Spatial And Temporal Variation In Penetrative Strain During Compression: Insights From Analog Models, Caroline M. Burberry
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
Penetrative strain constitutes the proportion of the total shortening across an orogen that is not accommodated by the development of macroscale structures such as folds and thrusts. The accommodation of shortening by penetrative strain is widely considered to be an important process during compression, but variation in the distribution of penetrative strain during a deformation sequence is not well understood. This study provides some first-order constraints on magnitude, timing, and distribution of penetrative strain during deformation. Eight simple models, each with a geometrically and mechanically similar starting configuration, within the limits of sandbox models, were shortened to different amounts. Model …
Arctic Ocean Bathymetry: A Necessary Geospatial Framework,
2015
University of New Hampshire, Durham
Arctic Ocean Bathymetry: A Necessary Geospatial Framework, Martin Jakobsson, Larry A. Mayer, Dave Monahan
Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping
Most ocean science relies on a geospatial infrastructure that is built from bathymetry data collected from ships underway, archived, and converted into maps and digital grids. Bathymetry, the depth of the seafloor, besides having vital importance to geology and navigation, is a fundamental element in studies of deep water circulation, tides, tsunami forecasting, upwelling, fishing resources, wave action, sediment transport, environmental change, and slope stability, as well as in site selection for platforms, cables, and pipelines, waste disposal, and mineral extraction. Recent developments in multibeam sonar mapping have so dramatically increased the resolution with which the seafloor can be portrayed …
Structural And Hydrological Controls On The Development Of A River Cave In Marble (Tapagem Cave - Se Brazil),
2014
Geological Institute, State of São Paulo Environment Department, Brazil
Structural And Hydrological Controls On The Development Of A River Cave In Marble (Tapagem Cave - Se Brazil), William Sallun Filho, Bruna Medeiros Cordeiro, Ivo Karmann
International Journal of Speleology
Tapagem Cave (or Devil’s Cave) is a river cave developed in the dolomite marble karst of the Serra do André Lopes (State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil). Although this region is a plateau with significant variation in elevation and a humid subtropical climate, the cave is an anomalous feature in the André Lopes karst because there are few other caves. The marble, which is in a synclinal structure with subjacent phyllites, is a karst aquifer perched above the regional base level (Ribeira River) and has little allogenic recharge. The cave developed on a secondary anticline on the northwest flank of …
Earthquake And Tsunami Forecasts: Relation Of Slow Slip Events To Subsequent Earthquake Rupture,
2014
University of South Florida
Earthquake And Tsunami Forecasts: Relation Of Slow Slip Events To Subsequent Earthquake Rupture, Timothy H. Dixon, Yan Jiang, Rocco Malservisi, Robert Mccaffrey, Nicholas Voss, Marino Protti, Victor Gonzalez
Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The 5 September 2012 Mw 7.6 earthquake on the Costa Rica subduction plate boundary followed a 62-y interseismic period. High-precision GPS recorded numerous slow slip events (SSEs) in the decade leading up to the earthquake, both up-dip and down-dip of seismic rupture. Deeper SSEs were larger than shallower ones and, if characteristic of the interseismic period, release most locking down-dip of the earthquake, limiting down-dip rupture and earthquake magnitude. Shallower SSEs were smaller, accounting for some but not all interseismic locking. One SSE occurred several months before the earthquake, but changes in Mohr–Coulomb failure stress were probably too small to …
Qualitative Comparison Of Offset Surfaces Between The Central And Eastern Garlock Fault,
2014
California State University - San Bernardino
Qualitative Comparison Of Offset Surfaces Between The Central And Eastern Garlock Fault, Thomas M. Crane
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
The Garlock Fault consists of three distinct segments, known as western, central, and eastern, together reaching approximately 260 km from the San Andreas Fault to the southern end of Death Valley. Although published slip rates are available along the western and central Garlock Fault segments, little is currently known of the Garlock Fault earthquake history or slip rate farther east. Using LiDAR and satellite imagery, the central and eastern Garlock Fault segments were analyzed for visibly offset, fault-adjacent, geomorphic surfaces that may potentially be used for estimating slip rate. Qualitative methods of assessing preserved alluvial surface maturity were adapted and …
Thermal Impacts Of Salt On Sandstones And Mudstones In The Lusitanian Basin, Portugal,
2014
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Thermal Impacts Of Salt On Sandstones And Mudstones In The Lusitanian Basin, Portugal, Brett Perry
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
In order to assess the impact of salt structures on paleotemperatures in adjacent sedimentary rocks, a field based study which quantified thermally driven diagenetic products as a function of distance from salt was undertaken. Several salt diapirs are now exposed at the surface of the Earth within the Lusitanian Basin and offered a unique opportunity to document paleothermal anomalies by studying thermally controlled diagenesis in adjacent, exposed Upper Jurassic rocks. Four transects were chosen within Upper Jurassic rocks that contained both sandstones and mudstones. Quartz cementation and albitization of feldspars, both of which are thermally driven processes, were quantified in …
Mapping The Natural History Of The Panama Canal Zone,
2014
University of Alabama in Huntsville
Mapping The Natural History Of The Panama Canal Zone, Casey Calamaio
Von Braun Symposium Student Posters
No abstract provided.
Sedimentology Of The Upper Scotland Formation (Eocene), Barbados,
2014
Grover Cleveland High School
Sedimentology Of The Upper Scotland Formation (Eocene), Barbados, Krishna Mahabir, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Jay P. Persaud, Stanley Schleifer
Publications and Research
Representative samples collected from the Lower Scotland Formation (Eocene) outcropping in northeastern Barbados were investigated in conjunction with overall facies distribution and stratigraphic and sedimentological characteristics to interpret depositional environment and provenance of the fine-grained clastics. The Lower Scotland Formation is, for the most part, a fine-grained clastic-dominated sequence with occasional thin intercalations of gypsum, ironstone, and kaolinite. Distinctive deep-water-facies have been well-documented in dark gray shale units containing load cast, flutes, grooves and prods. In addition, turbiditic brown sandstone with a sharp erosive base and pelagic caps also characterize the base of the formation. Notable marine fauna observed include …
Interseismic Locking On The Hikurangi Subduction Zone: Uncertainties From Slow-Slip Events,
2014
Portland State University
Interseismic Locking On The Hikurangi Subduction Zone: Uncertainties From Slow-Slip Events, Robert Mccaffrey
Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations
lnterseismic locking on the Hikurangi subduction zone in New Zealand is examined in light of alternative assumed locking distributions and the impact of transients (slow-slip and volcanic sources) on temporal and spatial resolution. The modern pattern of locking in the north is poorly resolved and, based on simulations of possible transient behavior, may be an ephemeral feature of the subduction cycle. While there appears to be some contemporary locking in the northern half of the Hikurangi subduction zone (HSZ), its location is model dependent, and hence, its relationship to structure, slow-slip, or any transition zone there is unclear. Simulations of …
Crustal Accretion And Mantle Geodynamics At Microplates: Constraints From Gravity Analysis And Numerical Modeling,
2014
Old Dominion University
Crustal Accretion And Mantle Geodynamics At Microplates: Constraints From Gravity Analysis And Numerical Modeling, Katherine Ames
OES Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates crustal accretion and mantle geodynamics at microplates using mantle Bouguer anomaly (MBA) gravity calculations and exploratory numerical models. The Easter and Juan Fernandez microplates are located in the eastern Pacific Ocean along the Pacific, Nazca, and Antarctic plate boundaries. Both microplates formed 3-5 Ma and they are currently rotating clockwise at 15° myr-1 and 9° myr-1,respectively [ e.g., Searle et al., 1993]. The study area also encompasses the Easter /Salas y Gomez mantle plume located near the Easter microplate. Both microplates show a difference in average MBA between their west and east ridges, with …
Thermodynamic Model For Energy-Constrained Open-System Evolution Of Crustal Magma Bodies Undergoing Simultaneous Recharge, Assimilation And Crystallization: The Magma Chamber Simulator,
2014
Central Washington University
Thermodynamic Model For Energy-Constrained Open-System Evolution Of Crustal Magma Bodies Undergoing Simultaneous Recharge, Assimilation And Crystallization: The Magma Chamber Simulator, Wendy A. Bohrson, Frank J. Spera, Mark S. Ghiorso, Guy Brown, Jeffrey Creamer, Aaron Mayfield
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
The Magma Chamber Simulator quantifies the impact of simultaneous recharge, assimilation and crystallization through mass and enthalpy balance in a multicomponent–multiphase (melt + solids ± fluid) composite system. As a rigorous thermodynamic model, the Magma Chamber Simulator computes phase equilibria and geochemical evolution self-consistently in resident magma, recharge magma and wallrock, all of which are connected by specified thermodynamic boundaries, to model an evolving open-system magma body. In a simulation, magma cools from its liquidus temperature, and crystals ± fluid are incrementally fractionated to a separate cumulate reservoir. Enthalpy from cooling, crystallization, and possible magma recharge heats wallrock from its …
Clockwise Rotation Of The Brahmaputra Valley Relative To India: Tectonic Convergence In The Eastern Himalaya, Naga Hills, And Shillong Plateau,
2014
Université Montpellier
Clockwise Rotation Of The Brahmaputra Valley Relative To India: Tectonic Convergence In The Eastern Himalaya, Naga Hills, And Shillong Plateau, Philippe Vernant, R. Bilham, Walter Szeliga, D. Drupka, S. Kalita, A. K. Bhattacharyya, V. K. Gaur
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
GPS data reveal that the Brahmaputra Valley has broken from the Indian Plate and rotates clockwise relative to India about a point a few hundred kilometers west of the Shillong Plateau. The GPS velocity vectors define two distinct blocks separated by the Kopili fault upon which 2–3 mm/yr of dextral slip is observed: the Shillong block between longitudes 89 and 93°E rotating clockwise at 1.15°/Myr and the Assam block from 93.5°E to 97°E rotating at ≈1.13°/Myr. These two blocks are more than 120 km wide in a north‐south sense, but they extend locally a similar distance beneath the Himalaya and …
New Research In Cave Ledenica In Bukovi Vrh On Velebit Mt In Croatian Dinaric Karst,
2014
University of South Florida
New Research In Cave Ledenica In Bukovi Vrh On Velebit Mt In Croatian Dinaric Karst, Mladen Garasic
The International Workshop on Ice Caves
No abstract provided.
Combining Quantitative Eye-Tracking And Gis Techniques With Qualitative Research Methods To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of 2d And Static, 3d Karst Visualizations: Seeing Through The Complexities Of Karst Environments,
2014
Western Kentucky University
Combining Quantitative Eye-Tracking And Gis Techniques With Qualitative Research Methods To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of 2d And Static, 3d Karst Visualizations: Seeing Through The Complexities Of Karst Environments, Elizabeth Katharyn Tyrie
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Karst environments are interconnected landscapes vulnerable to degradation. Many instances of anthropogenic karst disturbance are unintentional, and occur because of the public's lack of understanding or exposure to karst knowledge. When attempts are made to educate the general public about these landscapes, the concepts taught are often too abstract to be fully understood. Thus, karst educational pursuits must use only the most efficient and effective learning materials. A technique useful for assessing educational effectiveness of learning materials is eye-tracking, which allows scientists to quantitatively measure an individual's points of interest and eye movements when viewing a 2D or 3D visualization. …
