Soil Science Commons^™

Conservation Agriculture Practice Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Fine-Textured Soils In Arkansas, Lauren Gwaltney

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Biochar application and reduced tillage (RT) are both practices within the conservation agriculture framework, but specific impacts of these practices on direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions still require investigation in varied agricultural systems. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar source (i.e., powder- and pellet-sized) and application rate (i.e., 0, 2.5, and 5 Mg ha^-1) on GHG production in simulated furrow-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa) in a greenhouse experiment, and to evaluate the effects of RT relative to conventional tillage (CT) on GHG production in soybean (Glycine max) in southeast Arkansas. Both studies …

Training Sensor-Agnostic Deep Learning Models For Remote Sensing: Achieving State-Of-The-Art Cloud And Cloud Shadow Identification With Omnicloudmask, Nicholas J. Wright, John M A Duncan, Nik Callow, Sally E. Thompson, Richard J. George

Natural Resources Research Articles

Deep learning models are widely used to extract features and insights from remotely sensed imagery. However, these models typically perform optimally when applied to the same sensor, resolution and imagery processing level as used during their training, and are rarely used or evaluated on out-of-domain data. This limitation results in duplication of efforts in collecting similar training datasets from different satellites to train sensor-specific models. Here, we introduce a range of techniques to train deep learning models that generalise across various sensors, resolutions, and processing levels. We applied this approach to train OmniCloudMask (OCM), a sensor-agnostic deep learning model that …

Older Groundwater Reservoirs In Nebraska, Marvin P. Carlson, Steven S. Sibray

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Sedimentary rocks below Nebraska's regional water table are saturated down to the crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age. The total thickness of these sedimentary rocks ranges from about 600 feet to over 10,000 feet. Nearly all current wells in Nebraska produce water from the near-surface, unconsolidated or partly consolidated rocks. Most studies to date -- interpretive reports, test drilling, inventory of wells, monitoring water levels, and water quality determinations -- have concentrated on these near-surface sources of groundwater.

From The Ground Up: Community-Based Participatory Research Reclaiming The Science Of Lead, Juan Manuel Rubio, Bavisha Kaylan, Anthony Diaz, Patricia Flores, Maya Cheav, David C. Bañuelas, Ashley Green, Annika Hjelmstad, Ariane Jong-Levinger, Tim Schütz, Maya Carrasquillo, Alana M. W. Lebron, Jun Wu

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

For decades, the dominant approach to lead poisoning has been to focus on homes affected by lead paint and to treat children who are already suffering from lead poisoning. This individualizing approach developed in the context of the defunding and deregulation of government agencies in the 1980s. In recent years, however, community–academic partnerships have reframed lead as an environmental issue produced by the development of the lead industry in the twentieth century and connected to overlapping histories of exploitation, discrimination, and inaction. These community-based projects have contributed to shifting research agendas (by emphasizing historical analysis and the study of the …

Trenching And Compost Sustain Grain Yield Increases Over Nine Years On Deep Sands But At A Cost, David J.M. Hall, Tom J. Edwards

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

Context. Crops grown on deep sands on the south coast of WA are limited by soil physical and chemical properties including compaction and poor nutrition. Aims. Crops grown on deep sands on the south coast of Western Australia are limited by soil physical and chemical properties including compaction and poor nutrition. Our aim was to determine what effects deep-placed organic amendments have on soil properties and crop production in a deep sand and whether such amendments are profitable. Methods. A long-term field trial was conducted over nine years (2015–2023) to investigate soil amendments including lime (0 and …

The Effect Of Soil Conditioner And Growth Booster On The Agronomic Characters And Number Of Nodules Of Black Soybean, Tien Turmuktini, I Putu Rahmat Santoso, Lia Amalia, Nunung Sondari, Elly Roosma Ria, Yenny Muliani, Endang Kantikowati, Tualar Simarmata

Jurnal Kultivasi

Soil Conditioner & Growth Booster (SCGB) is a potion that was made to be used as a soil conditioner and plant growth promoter. SCGB is made from organic matter, biological fertilizers, soil ameliorants, and microelements. This research aims to determine the best dosage of SCGB on the agronomic characters, effective nodules, and black soybean variety ‘Detam-1’ yield. This research was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti University, Sumedang, Indonesia. This experiment used a simple randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 kg/ha) and repeated 4 times. The observation …

Grassland For Our World, F Riveros

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The present-day role of grasslands and fodder is reviewed with respect agriculture, animal production and environmental concerns. The world 's grazing lands are a finite resource nnd, overall, are being badly mnnaEed; in most developing countries action is required now, before it is too lnte. They will continue to be a major source of animal feed for the foreseeable future; encroachment from cropping will con

Human Impact On Terrestrial Ecosytems- What We Know And What We Are Doing About It, H A. Mooney

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

At present the impact of humankind on the Barth System is substantial mul will become greater as we continue to add over 80 million people to the global population each year. Collectively the human species utilises over a third of the total fresh water that is available, as well as an equivalent amount of tho total terrestrial productivity. Possil energy is being consumed at a prodigious rnte and fuels, among other things, over a half a billion vehicles. To support the large human population the Earth has been greatly reconfigured with much of the land utilised for grazing and agriculture. …

Grasslands For Sustainable Ecosystems, Malcolm Hadley

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grasslnnds present many advantages for examining issues related to sustainability. Grasslands include planted pastures as well as a variety of natural rangelands in situations ranging from semi-arid to subhumid. Diversity is also reflected in the spectrum of grassland users and uses, for example, nomadic pastoralism, extensive ranches, intensive pastures, wildlife tourism, game hunting. And in terms of sustainability of resource management, grasslands encompass a wide range of contrasting situations and conflicts in resource use. Heavy grazing pressure associated with increasing human populations in certain tropical savannas, the implications of rural depopulation to traditional pasture management in alpine regions, and the …

Red Clover Hybrid Ryegrass Associations Results Obtained From 1984 To 1987 In Four French Regions, C Pfitzenmeyer, C Longueval

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In France, red clover is often grown in association with a grass in order, if not to increase the yield of forage, at least to improve its quality by having a larger protein content in the harvested product. Among the grass species associated to red clover, Italian ryegrass, too aggressive a competitor, is replaced more and more by hybrid ryegrass. The aims of the present work were the following

1% to obtain quantitative references on the behaviour o[ hybrid ryegrass/red clover associations in four contrasting regions of France ;

2% to check that the presence of clover, through the transfer …

Potentials Of Summer Fodders Under Intensive Cropping System In India, M S. Tiwana, Thakur Singh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

One of the reasons for low milk production in India is the non-availability of good quality fodders in sufficient quantity. Therefore, it is necessary to bridge the gap of this acute short­age of fodder for increasing the milk production. There seems to be no possibility of increasing area under fodders and the only alternative looks to be the ulilization of vacant land (70 days) after harvesting wheat and before the sowing of main summer season crops. However, the growing of these crops may have some effect on the yield of succeeding crops by depleting or replenishing the nutrient status of …

Competitive Effects On Production Of Lolium Perenne L. And Trifolium Alexandrinum L. In Mixture And Mono-Culture, M S. Tiwana, K P. Puri, I S. Thind

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Berscem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) is grown as a fodder crop by every farmer of north India. Though it is a very good multi-cul legume fodder, yet its dry matter percentage is low which indirectly affects the total dry matter production over a period of 6 to 7 months. Presently no suitable multicut grass for the same period is available which may be grown separately or in mixture with berseem to produce high dry matter yield. The first successful planting of ryegrass in research trials was made in 1976 (Tiwana and Puri, 1984) in India. After that, we became interested …

Herbage Yield Of Annual Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorium Lam.) And Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) At Different Seeding Rates, M A. Jimenez, O L. Gallegos, M.J L. Castrellon

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Most of the dairy farms in the Central Valley of Mexico have alfalfa and corn silage as major forages. Winters are mild, how­ever, yield of alfalfa is reduced and no corn can be grown. For­age crops as oats, annual ryegrass and common vetch have been grown successfully to supply winter forage (Avendano, 1978; Victoria, 1981). Annual rycgrass generally outyields oats, but a high input of nitrogen is required by annual rye grass (Ciane, 1978). The high cost of N fertilizers prevents their use and cheaper N sources should be sought. Legumes as common vetch grown with annual ryegrass can be …

Performance Of White Clover Cultivars In Mixtures With Orchardgrass In Atlantic Canada, Joanna Fraser, H T. Kunelius

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The climate in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada is ideally suited to pasture production, with up to seven months of grow­ing season in some areas. Moreover, many of the soils are too shallow to support deep-rooted and highly valued forages such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and corn (Zea mays L.). How­ever, the main limiting factor to pasture production occurs in spring where there are frequent freeze-thaw cycles, which reduce the dependability of snow cover for insulation, and this results in winter injury (Dzikowski et al., 1984). The interest in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) as a …

Comparison Of Ryegrass-White Clover And Competitive Interactions In New Zealand And Wales, W Harris, I Rhodes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

New Zealand and Wales have temperate climates suitable for ryegrass (Lolium species) and white clover (Trifolium repens) pasture. However, pasture management in New Zealand and Wales in fundamentally different. New Zealand pastures are grazed all year, whereas in Wales pastures are mostly not grazed in winter. Moreover New Zealand pastures mostly rely on nitrogen fixed by legumes, whereas nitrogen fertiliser is com­monly applied to Welsh pastures. To consider the basis of differences of pasture management in New Zealand and Wales, data from field experiments at Aberystwyth, Wales (Lat. 52°25'N) and Palmerston North, New Zealand (Lat. 40°20'S) are …

Forage Contribution Of Overseeded Cool-Season Clovers, G D. Mooso

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Warm-season perennial grasses are the foundation of pasture systems in the southeastern U.S. Though well adapted, these species require significant amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizers to maintain forage production. Nitrogen fertilizers are widely used to improve the yield and quality of grass pastures because it was less expensive and easier to manage than grass-legume mixtures. Cool-season clovers overseeded into dormant peren­nial warm-season swards offer a practical method to extend the grazing season and improve forage quality while capitalizing on the ability of inoculated clovers to supply nitrogen to pro­duction systems thus decreasing production costs (Burton, 1976 ; Hoveland et al., …

Effect Of Irrigation On Vegetation Succession And Forage Regerneration, Fu Jing-Yan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Reponse Du Brome Cathartique A L’Irrigation Premiers Resultats, C Longueval

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

L'interet de J'irrigation des graminees prairiales est unc ques­tion souvent debattue dans le sud de la France ou la secheresse estivalc ct frequemment automnale limite considerablement la production de fourrage vert durant cette deuxiemc moitie de l'annee. Dans la region toulousaine, les travaux de l'INRA a Tou­louse (Marty et al., 1977) ct de la Compagnic d'Amenagemenl des Coteaux de Gascogne ont montre, pour la fetuque et le dac­tyle notamment, que si !'irrigation pcrrnet de doubler la pro­duction estivale et automnale. le niveau attcint sans restriction hydrique reste globalement rr{odcstc puisque inferieur a 5 t/ha M.S. a partir du debut de …

Drought Stress And Alfalfa Production In A Mediterranean Environment, T Kipnis, I Vaisman, I Granoth

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Many experimental results have shown a close relationship between total dry matter (DM) yield of alfalfa and annual evapotranspiration (ET). However, this relationship may differ from harvest to harvest (Metochis and Orphanos, 1981), indicating that water use efficiency (WUE) may vary during the growing season, particulary as it is adversely affected by high temperature (Sammis, 1981). Water for irrigating alfalfa is often scarce during the dry Mediterranean summer in Israel. Under such conditions, water is withheld for approximately two months, at a relatively advanced stage of maturity, and the crop is allowed to go to seed, after which irrigation is …

On The Cultivation And Utilization Of Floret Silvergrass (Miscanthus Floridulus) In The Southern Area Of China, Zhu Bangchang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The plant genus Miscanthus (silvergrass) includes eight species and one variety in China. In the tropical and subtropi­cal area of south China, the silvergrass distributed widely includes the following seven species : Floret silvergrass ( Miscanthus floridulus), Chinese silvergrass ( M. sinensis), Sugary silvergrass ( M. sacchariflorus), Short-hair silvergrass ( M. brevipilus j, Eulalia silver grass ( M. eulalioides), Szechuan silvcrgrass ( M. szechuanensis), Nepal silvergrass ( M. nepalen�� sis). One of them, Floret silvergrass, is the widest in distri­bution and the highest in economical value, and plays a most important role in …