Early Permian Seawater From The Delta18o Record Of Fossil Bivalves: Seasonality And A Latitudinal Gradient, 2012 Syracuse University
Early Permian Seawater From The Delta18o Record Of Fossil Bivalves: Seasonality And A Latitudinal Gradient, James Andrew Beard
Earth & Environmental Sciences - Theses
The transition from a glaciated world to one that was ice-free makes the early Permian a time interval that in many ways mirrors the present, and hence there is great interest in constraining paleoclimate conditions over that transition. A common method for estimating ancient temperatures uses the oxygen isotope composition of marine carbonate, but this approach becomes significantly more complicated prior to the Cretaceous due to uncertainties about diagenesis and the isotopic composition of seawater, which has been hypothesized to be more depleted than during the Cenozoic. I use stable isotope compositions of sequentially microsampled accretionary calcite from fossil bivalves …
Geologic Observations Along The Steamboat Trace Trail, Markers 16-20, In The Vicinity Of Peru, Nemaha County, Nebraska (Including On The Indian Cave Sandstone), 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Geologic Observations Along The Steamboat Trace Trail, Markers 16-20, In The Vicinity Of Peru, Nemaha County, Nebraska (Including On The Indian Cave Sandstone), Robert F. Diffendal Jr.
Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications
This section of the Steamboat Trace Trail from markers 16 through 20 (Figure 1) offers especially good examples of geologic features in this part of Nebraska (Figure 2). These include: The Missouri River, its valley, river cuts into the valley side, tributaries to the river, and flood control structures; Sites of active and potential landslides; Wind-deposited silts (called loess by geologists and soil scientists); Glacial deposits; Bedrock exposures of ancient sandstone, shale, conglomerate, and limestone; Fossils of ocean- and land-dwelling plants and animals; Coal deposits.
Evolution Of The Late Ordovician Plaesiomyid Brachiopod Lineage In Laurentia, 2012 The University of Western Ontario
Evolution Of The Late Ordovician Plaesiomyid Brachiopod Lineage In Laurentia, Colin D. Sproat
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
During the Late Ordovician, a transgression flooded much of Laurentia. The fauna of these intracratonic basins became differentiated from the fauna of the pericratonic shelves and platforms, typically displaying gigantism and coarser shell ornamentation. In this study, 509 specimens from 11 species of the Plaesiomyidae brachiopod family from the Katian and Hirnantian were measured, of which 198 included in principal component analysis to quantify morphological changes over this interval. Three trends were revealed: 1) increasing globosity and dorsal convexity from the early to late Katian, 2) coarser, but fewer ribs on species from the paleoequatorial intracratonic seas compared to species …
Late Holocene Sedimentation And Paleoenvironmental History For The Tidal Marshes Of The Potomac And Rappahannock Rivers, Tributaries To Chesapeake Bay, 2012 University of Mary Washington
Late Holocene Sedimentation And Paleoenvironmental History For The Tidal Marshes Of The Potomac And Rappahannock Rivers, Tributaries To Chesapeake Bay, Neil E. Tibert, J. Bradford Hubeny, Mark Abbott, Joseph M. Kiker, Lindsay J. Walker, Shawn Mckenzie
Virginia Journal of Science
Instrumental tide gauge records indicate that the modern rates of sea-level rise in the Chesapeake Bay more than double the global average of 1.2-1.5 mm yr-1. The primary objective for this study is to establish a relative depositional history for the tidal marshes of the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers that will help us improve our understanding of processes that influence sedimentation in the proximal tributaries of Chesapeake Bay. Marsh cores were collected from Blandfield Point VA, Tappahannock VA, and Potomac Creek VA. The sedimentary facies include: 1) a lower unit of organic-poor, grey clay with fine sand and silt layers …
A Centennial Record Of Paleosalinity Change In The Tidal Reaches Of The Potomac And Rappahannock Rivers, Tributaries To Chesapeake Bay, 2012 University of Mary Washington
A Centennial Record Of Paleosalinity Change In The Tidal Reaches Of The Potomac And Rappahannock Rivers, Tributaries To Chesapeake Bay, Neil E. Tibert, Lindsay J. Walker, William P. Patterson, J. Bradford Hubeny, Emma Jones, Olivia R. Cooper
Virginia Journal of Science
Gravity and push cores from the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers (Virginia Tidewater) were collected from central and proximal estuarine zones with known seasonal salinity stratification. The lowermost microfossil associations in the cores comprise alternating ostracode populations of Cyprideis salebrosa and Cytheromorpha. This microfossil association gives way to an oligohaline association dominated by the freshwater ostracode Darwinula stevensoni. Stable oxygen isotope values (δ18O) of Rapphannock Cyprideis salebrosa are highly variable ranging between -6.6 to -3.2‰ VPDB. δ18O values for Potomac Cytheromorpha fuscata range from -8.2 to -3.2‰ VPDB. Positive excursions in δ18O values …
Adaptation To Hard-Object Feeding In Sea Otters And Hominins, 2012 Biological Sciences
Adaptation To Hard-Object Feeding In Sea Otters And Hominins, Paul Constantino, James Lee, Dylan Morris, Peter Lucas, Adam Hartstone-Rose, Wah-Keat Lee, Nathaniel Dominy, Andrew Cunningham, Mark Wagner, Brian Lawn
Paul J. Constantino
The large, bunodont postcanine teeth in living sea otters (Enhydra lutris) have been likened to those of certain fossil hominins, particularly the ’robust’ australopiths (genus Paranthropus). We examine this evolutionary convergence by conducting fracture experiments on extracted molar teeth of sea otters and modern humans (Homo sapiens) to determine how load-bearing capacity relates to tooth morphology and enamel material properties. In situ optical microscopy and x-ray imaging during simulated occlusal loading reveal the nature of the fracture patterns. Explicit fracture relations are used to analyze the data and to extrapolate the results from humans to earlier hominins. It is shown …
Nebraska's Wetlands: Their Wildlife And Ecology, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Nebraska's Wetlands: Their Wildlife And Ecology, Paul A. Johnsgard
Conservation and Survey Division
1 An Overview of Nebraska's Wetlands
2 The Missouri Valley • Natural History Profiles of Some Missouri Valley Wetland Species • The Missouri Valley Wetlands
3 The Niobrara Valley Region • Natural History Profiles of Some Niobrara Valley Wetland Species • The Niobrara Valley Wetlands
4 The Platte Valley Region • Natural History Profiles of Some Platte Valley Wetland Species • The Central Platte Valley Wetlands • The North Platte Valley Wetlands
5 Other River Valley Wetlands • Natural History Profiles of Some Typical Riverine Species • The Elkhorn Valley Wetlands • The Loup Valley Wetlands • The Republican Valley …
Landmark Analysis Of Musteloid Carnassials Applied To Taxonomic Identification And Examination Of Sexual Dimorphism And Regional Morphotypes, 2012 East Tennessee State University
Landmark Analysis Of Musteloid Carnassials Applied To Taxonomic Identification And Examination Of Sexual Dimorphism And Regional Morphotypes, Joel Alvin Christine
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Guy Wilson Cave (GWC) in Sullivan County, Tennessee holds many late Pleistocene mammal fossils. Based on visual morphology, several partial mandibles with lower carnassial from GWC appeared to be musteloids. Geometric morphometrics has been successfully used to identify fragmentary fossils, so a landmark based, 2 dimensional technique was applied to identify the GWC musteloids using the lower carnassial. Digital images of several GWC fossils and of extant reference musteloids were combined using morphometric programs tpsDIG1, tpsUtil, and tpsSuper. Statistical data analysis was performed in PASW Statistics. Results successfully separated Mephitis mephitis (striped skunk) from M. macroura (hooded skunk) and Martes …
Mussel Survivorship, Growth Rate And Shell Decay Rate In The New River Basin Of Tennessee: An Experimental Approach Using Corbicula Fluminea, 2012 University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Mussel Survivorship, Growth Rate And Shell Decay Rate In The New River Basin Of Tennessee: An Experimental Approach Using Corbicula Fluminea, Grant Andrew Mincy
Masters Theses
The New River Basin (NRB) of Tennessee is home to a number of rare endemic aquatic communities. One such community of particular importance to the area, experiencing a precipitous population decline due to the fouling and pollution of their freshwater systems, is that of freshwater mussels (Bogan 2006). This study in the NRB involves measuring the mortality rates of live Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea) assemblages and the shell decay rates of their death assemblages. This study also examines the decay rates of the native Villosa iris to gather information on molluscan health and the ability of their shells …
4th International Union Of Soil Sciences Soil Classification Conference Field Tour Guidebook, 2012 University of Nebraska - Lincoln
4th International Union Of Soil Sciences Soil Classification Conference Field Tour Guidebook
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
North Central Region Soil Survey Conference Field Tour, 2012 University of Nebraska - Lincoln
North Central Region Soil Survey Conference Field Tour
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Mary Anning Of Lyme Regis: 19th Century Pioneer In British Palaeontology, 2012 College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University
Mary Anning Of Lyme Regis: 19th Century Pioneer In British Palaeontology, Larry E. Davis
Headwaters
No abstract provided.
From The Foreland To The Hinterland: Taphonomy Across The Cretaceous To Paleogene Sevier Retroarc Region Of Nevada, 2012 University of Nevada, Las Vegas
From The Foreland To The Hinterland: Taphonomy Across The Cretaceous To Paleogene Sevier Retroarc Region Of Nevada, Joshua William Bonde
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Until 2004 very little paleobiology, let alone paleoecology, had been studied within exposures of the Sevier retro-arc foreland and hinterland, in the state of Nevada. This is due largely to poor and spotty exposure. This study focuses on taphonomic processes within three stratigraphic intervals in the foreland and hinterland of the Sevier retro-arc region, and what these taphonomic indicators reveal about the geography of the hinterland.
First, the Willow Tank Formation of southern Nevada was deposited in the foredeep of the Sevier retroarc foreland basin. This unit represents a multi-channel, aggradational, fluvial system that drained the Sevier highlands to the …
The Use Of Diatoms To Infer Environmental Change Of The Lower White River, Southeastern Arkansas, 2012 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
The Use Of Diatoms To Infer Environmental Change Of The Lower White River, Southeastern Arkansas, Ruchi Bhattacharya
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes the limnology of the lower White River oxbow lakes in southeast Arkansas, inundated by the major 2008 spring flood. The flood water and sediment deposited in oxbow lakes were analyzed for water chemistry, sediment geochemistry and diatom assemblages and used as an analogue for past floods. The 2008 spring flood inundated and homogenized the entire floodplain; also represented by the predominantly planktonic diatom assemblage suggesting riverine input. Indicator species for eutrophication were also recorded consistent with the high nutrient content in the lakes. However, the variance in the surface diatom assemblage was best explained by the lake …
Paleobiological Assessment Of Controls Underlying Long-Term Diversity Dynamics, 2012 University of South Florida
Paleobiological Assessment Of Controls Underlying Long-Term Diversity Dynamics, Andrés L. Cárdenas
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Deciphering the factors underlying both long-term patterns of diversity and taxonomic turnover rates (i.e., extinction, and origination) has been one of Paleobiology's major foci for the past three decades. The importance of documenting these components is that they will expand our ability to interpret and model the evolutionary processes underlying those trends, highlight the evolutionary impact of historical events, and contribute to the formulation of robust predictions about the future of global diversity in response to the current anthropologically driven environmental changes. Accordingly, the first part of this study examines the possible occurrence of global marine evolutionary environmental controls into …
Plankton Evolution Driven By Paleoceanographic Change: Prediscosphaera From The Mid-Cretaceous In The Western North Atlantic, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Plankton Evolution Driven By Paleoceanographic Change: Prediscosphaera From The Mid-Cretaceous In The Western North Atlantic, Kristen L. Mitchell
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Well-preserved nannofossil assemblages in late Albian and Cenomanian hemipelagic sections from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 171B preserve a record of the early history and adaptive radiation of the calcareous nannofossil genus Prediscosphaera. There was a significant rise in the abundance of the genus (from an average of 2% in the early late Albian to about 6% in the latest Albian and Cenomanian. This rise, and other shorter term pulses of increased generic abundance, corresponds to black shale deposition episodes. Twelve distinct morphotypes that were derived from the long-ranging Prediscosphera columnata and Prediscosphaera spinosa, are recognized and differentiated …
Conodont Fauna And Biostratigraphy Of The Early-Middle Devonian Units In Beykoz, Şile And Kurtdoğmuş Areas, İstanbul, Turkey, 2012 Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
Conodont Fauna And Biostratigraphy Of The Early-Middle Devonian Units In Beykoz, Şile And Kurtdoğmuş Areas, İstanbul, Turkey, Dilek Gülnur Saydam-Demi̇ray, Şenol Çapkinoğlu
Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
The conodont faunas defi ning the delta-pesavis zones (upper Lochkovian, Lower Devonian) were obtained from Beykoz and Karamandere sections of the İstinye Formation (the Yumrukaya group) and the conodont faunas of the laticostatus, serotinus, patulus and partitus zones (upper Emsian-lower Eifelian, Lower-Middle Devonian) were obtained from the Büyükdere and Kokarpınar sections of the Kozyatağı member of the Kartal Formation. A total of 22 species/subspecies were described belonging to the genera Neopanderodus (2), Icriodus (8), Pelekysgnathus (1), Lanea (1), Polygnathus (4), Ozarkodina (2), Pseudooneotodus (2), Belodella (2).
The Influences Of Oceanographical Characteristics Of The North Coasts Of Karaburun Peninsula On The Benthic Foraminiferal And Ostracod Assemblages, 2012 Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
The Influences Of Oceanographical Characteristics Of The North Coasts Of Karaburun Peninsula On The Benthic Foraminiferal And Ostracod Assemblages, Engin Meri̇ç, Niyazi Avşar, Atike Nazi̇k, Baki Yokeş, Özcan Dora, İpek F. Barut, Mustafa Eryilmaz, Feyza Di̇nçer, Erol Kam, Abdullah Aksu, Halim Taşkin, Asiye Başsari, Cüneyt Bi̇rcan, Aysun Kaygun
Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
Major differences in foraminiferal assemblages have been observed between the eastern and western coasts on the northern part of the Karaburun Peninsula. In contrast to the rich fauna of the western coast, a poor assemblage was found on the western coast, which is located in the Gulf of İzmir. A great difference in population sizes have also been observed in Amphistegina lobifera Larsen assemblages found on the Aegean coasts of Karaburun Peninsula and Gulf of Izmir. In the frame work of this study, 84 foraminifer species were identifi ed. The most abundant species were Peneroplis pertusus (Forskal), P. planatus (Fichtel …
Ilica Bay (Çeşme-İzmi̇r) Benthic Forminifer-Ostracod Assemblages And Pacific Ocean – Red Sea Originated Foraminifera And Abnormal Individuals, 2012 Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
Ilica Bay (Çeşme-İzmi̇r) Benthic Forminifer-Ostracod Assemblages And Pacific Ocean – Red Sea Originated Foraminifera And Abnormal Individuals, Engin Meri̇ç, Niyazi Avşar, Atike Nazi̇k, Baki Yokeş, İpek F. Barut, Mustafa Eryilmaz, Erol Kam, Halim Taşkin, Asiye Başsari, Feyza Di̇nçer, Cüneyt Bi̇rcan, Aysun Kaygun
Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
The hot water submarine spring which is located at a depth of 2.50 m on Yıldız Cape, Ilıca Cove (Cesme-Izmir) was investigated for its recent benthic foraminifer assemblage. 38 surface sediment samples have been collected on 3 transects. The Pacific Ocean and the Red Sea originated benthic foraminifers were abundantly observed. The identifi ed species are Nodopthalmidium antillarum (Cushman), Spiroloculina antillarum d’Orbigny, Triloculina fi chteliana d’Orbigny, Euthymonacha polita (Chapman), Coscinospira acicularis (Batsch), Peneroplis arietinus (Batsch), Amphisorus hemprichii Ehrenberg, Sorites orbiculus Ehrenberg, Cymbaloporetta plana (Cushman). Beside these species, Peneroplis arietinus (Batsch), Spiroloculina antillarum d’Orbigny, Triloculina cf. fi chteliana d’Orbigny and Cymbaloporetta …
Algal Stromatolites In The Willow River Member Of The Lower Ordovician Shakopee Formation Near Chatfield, Minnesota, Usa, 2012 College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University
Algal Stromatolites In The Willow River Member Of The Lower Ordovician Shakopee Formation Near Chatfield, Minnesota, Usa, Sophia L. May, Larry E. Davis, David G. Brown
The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon
No abstract provided.