Longitudinal Profile And Sediment Mobility As Geomorphic Tools To Interpret The History Of A Fluviokarst Stream System,
2015
Illinois State University
Longitudinal Profile And Sediment Mobility As Geomorphic Tools To Interpret The History Of A Fluviokarst Stream System, John Woodside, Eric Wade Peterson, Toby Dogwiler
International Journal of Speleology
The complex drainage systems within karst settings can result in atypical longitudinal profiles. Features, such as cave entrances, can be expressed as anomalous ‘bumps’ in the longitudinal profile of a stream if downcutting has continued upstream of the area in which the water is pirated to the subsurface. Horn Hollow, a fluviokarst valley located in Carter Caves State Park Resort in northeastern Kentucky, was examined for these types of features. The objectives of this study were to determine if sediment mobility can be used as a proxy for anomalous areas along the profile of the valley and if detailed cross-sections …
Landforms Along The Lower Columbia River And The Influence Of Humans,
2015
Portland State University
Landforms Along The Lower Columbia River And The Influence Of Humans, Charles Matthew Cannon
Dissertations and Theses
River systems, such as the Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest, USA have been influenced by human activities, resulting in changes to the physical processes that drive landform evolution. This work describes an inventory of landforms along the Columbia River estuary between the Pacific Ocean and Bonneville Dam in Oregon and Washington. Groupings of landforms are assigned to formative process regimes that are used to assess historical changes to floodplain features. The estuary was historically a complex system of channels with a floodplain dominated by extensive tidal wetlands in the lower reaches and backswamp lakes and wetlands in upper reaches. …
An Investigation To Remotely Sense Mineral Leeching Through Soils,
2015
University of Southern Maine
An Investigation To Remotely Sense Mineral Leeching Through Soils, Paul C. Shaffer
Thinking Matters Symposium Archive
Satellite data on Earth's surface provide a wealth of information on landscape conditions. I use Landsat data to determine an important geologic process that influences the composition of the soils. My project focusses on the experimental hypothesis that we can use plant vigor as a proxy to document mineral washing downslopes through soils. I constructed a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) composite image from Landsat data to help assess vegetation heath in my target location - a national park south of Mount St. Helens. This location was selected because of its steep inclines, dense undisturbed vegetation, and fertile soils. It …
Morphodynamics Of Mullet Key, West-Central Florida,
2015
University of South Florida
Morphodynamics Of Mullet Key, West-Central Florida, Emeli Sandoval
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Mullet Key is a right angle barrier island located at the mouth of Tampa Bay, west-central Florida. Based on historical shoreline data from 1873, the Gulf (west)-facing section of the beach has been dynamic illustrating large beach advances and retreats of up to 500 m on a decadal scale, while the south (channel)-facing section of the beach has shown to maintain a stable shoreline. This study focuses on the morphodynamics of the Gulf-facing beach. Since the 1920s, most of the Gulf-facing beach has been accreting except at the southern end near the Tampa Bay main channel. However, over the past …
Karst Porosity Estimations From Archive Cave Surveys - Studies In The Buda Thermal Karst System (Hungary),
2015
Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest
Karst Porosity Estimations From Archive Cave Surveys - Studies In The Buda Thermal Karst System (Hungary), Gáspár Albert, Magdolna Virág, Anita Erőss
International Journal of Speleology
The Buda Thermal Karst System is located under the densely populated hills of Budapest. One of its caves (Pál-völgy Cave System) is the longest cave of Hungary with 30.1 km. The research was done in this area as a methodological study to estimate karst porosity parameters of aquifers or hydrocarbon reservoirs. In this study two modeling methods are demonstrated. The volumetric modeling method was primarily aimed to determine the macro-scale (>0.5 m) conduit porosity (referred as macroporosity) of the study area as percentage of the incorporating limestone and marl. This method is based on archive survey data (maps and …
Beyond The Angle Of Repose: A Review And Synthesis Of Landslide Processes In Response To Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California,
2015
University of Oregon
Beyond The Angle Of Repose: A Review And Synthesis Of Landslide Processes In Response To Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California, Joshua J. Roering, Benjamin H. Mackey, Alexander L. Handwerger, Adam M. Booth, David A. Schmidt, Georgina L. Bennett, Corina Cerovski-Darriau
Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations
In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope angles approach a limiting value. For decades, the threshold slope model has been invoked to account for landslide-driven increases in sediment flux that limit topographic relief, but the manner by which slope failures organize themselves spatially and temporally in order for erosion to keep pace with rock uplift has not been well documented. Here, we review past work and present new findings from remote sensing, cosmogenic adionuclides, suspended sediment records, …
Estimation Of Offsets In Gps Time-Series And Application To The Detection Of Earthquake Deformation In The Far-Field,
2015
Central Washington University
Estimation Of Offsets In Gps Time-Series And Application To The Detection Of Earthquake Deformation In The Far-Field, Jean-Philippe Montillet, S. D. P. Williams, A. Koulali, S. C. Mcclusky
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
Extracting geophysical signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinate time-series is a well-established practice that has led to great insights into how the Earth deforms. Often small discontinuities are found in such time-series and are traceable to either broad-scale deformation (i.e. earthquakes) or discontinuities due to equipment changes and/or failures. Estimating these offsets accurately enables the identification of coseismic deformation estimates in the former case, and the removal of unwanted signals in the latter case which then allows tectonic rates to be estimated more accurately. We develop a method to estimate accurately discontinuities in time series of GPS positions at …
Morphological, Structural, And Spectral Characteristics Of Amorphous Iron Sulfates,
2015
SUNY Stony Brook
Morphological, Structural, And Spectral Characteristics Of Amorphous Iron Sulfates, Elizabeth Sklute, Heidi Jensen, Deanne Rogers, Richard Reeder
Department of Geosciences Faculty Publications
Current or past brine hydrologic activity on Mars may provide suitable conditions for the formation of amorphous ferric sulfates. Once formed, these phases would likely be stable under current Martian conditions, particularly at low- to mid-latitudes. Therefore, we consider amorphous iron sulfates (AIS) as possible components of Martian surface materials. Laboratory AIS were created through multiple synthesis routes and characterized with total X-ray scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, visible/near-infrared (VNIR), thermal infrared (TIR), and Mössbauer techniques. We synthesized amorphous ferric sulfates (Fe(III)2(SO4)3 · ~ 6–8H2O) from sulfate-saturated fluids via vacuum dehydration or exposure to low relative humidity (
Cars And Karst: Investigating The National Corvette Museum Sinkhole,
2015
Western Kentucky University
Cars And Karst: Investigating The National Corvette Museum Sinkhole, Jason S. Polk, Leslie North, Ric Federico, Brian Ham, Dan Nedvidek, Kegan Mcclanahan, Pat Kambesis, Michael Marasa
Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications
On February 12th, 2014, a sinkhole occurred at the National Corvette Museum in Bowling Green, Kentucky. The collapse happened inside part of the building known as the Skydome and eight Corvettes on display were lost into the void that opened in the concrete floor. In this region of Kentucky, known as the Pennyroyal sinkhole plain, subsidence and cover collapse sinkholes are commonly found throughout the landscape. This iconic karst region in the United States is also home to Mammoth Cave, the longest cave in the world, and thousands of other caves and karst features. Investigation of the sinkhole collapse began …
Identification And Quantification Of Diffuse Fresh Submarine Groundwater Discharge Via Airborne Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing,
2015
SUNY Stony Brook
Identification And Quantification Of Diffuse Fresh Submarine Groundwater Discharge Via Airborne Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing, Joseph T. Tamborski, A Deanne Rogers, Henry J. Bokuniewicz, J Kirk Cochran, Caitlin R. Young
Department of Geosciences Faculty Publications
Airborne thermal infrared (TIR) overflights were combined with shoreline radionuclide surveys to investigate submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) along the north shore of Long Island, NY between June 2013 and September 2014. Regression equations developed for three distinct geomorphological environments suggest a positive linear relationship between the rate of diffuse SGD and the spatial extent of the observed coastal TIR anomalies; such a relationship provides quantitative evidence of the ability to use TIR remote sensing as a tool to remotely identify and measure SGD. Landsat TIR scenes were unable to resolve any of the 18 TIR anomalies identified during the various …
Feldspathic Rocks On Mars: Compositional Constraints From Infrared Spectroscopy And Possible Formation Mechanisms,
2015
SUNY Stony Brook
Feldspathic Rocks On Mars: Compositional Constraints From Infrared Spectroscopy And Possible Formation Mechanisms, Deanne Rogers, Hanna Nekvasil
Department of Geosciences Faculty Publications
Rare feldspar-dominated surfaces on Mars were previously reported based on near-infrared (NIR) spectral data and were interpreted to consist of anorthosite or felsic rocks. Using thermal infrared (TIR) data over the feldspar detections with the largest areal extent in Nili Patera and Noachis Terra, we rule out felsic interpretations. Basaltic or anorthositic compositions are consistent with TIR measurements, but the geologic contexts for these regions do not support a plutonic origin. Laboratory NIR spectral measurements demonstrate that large plagioclase crystals (>~840 μm) can be detected in mixtures with as much as 50 vol % mafics, which is higher than …
The Relationship Between Particle Travel Distance And Channel Morphology: Results Fromphysicalmodels Of Braided Rivers,
2015
Utah State University
The Relationship Between Particle Travel Distance And Channel Morphology: Results Fromphysicalmodels Of Braided Rivers, Alan Kasprak, Joseph Wheaton, Peter Ashmore, James Hensleigh, Sarah Peirce
Geography & Environment Publications
Channel form and sediment transport are closely linked in alluvial rivers, and as such the development of a conceptual framework for the downstream controls on particle mobility and likely deposition sites has immense value in terms of the way we understand and predictively model rivers. Despite the development of conceptual models which frame flood-scale particle transport distance (termed path length) as a function of channel bar locations, an understanding of the controls on such path lengths in braided rivers remains especially elusive, in large part due to the difficulty in explicitly linking morphology and particle transport distances in the field. …
Development And Evaluation Of Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships For The Physiographic Regions Of The United States,
2015
Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M
Development And Evaluation Of Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships For The Physiographic Regions Of The United States, Katrin Bieger, Hendrik Rathjens, Peter M. Allen, Jeffrey G. Arnold
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Bankfull hydraulic geometry relationships are used to estimate channel dimensions for streamflow simulation models, which require channel geometry data as input parameters. Often, one nationwide curve is used across the entire United States (U.S.) (e.g., in Soil and Water Assessment Tool), even though studies have shown that the use of regional curves can improve the reliability of predictions considerably. In this study, regional regression equations predicting bankfull width, depth, and cross-sectional area as a function of drainage area are developed for the Physiographic Divisions and Provinces of the U.S. and compared to a nationwide equation. Results show that the regional …
Anthropogenic Controls On Overwash Deposition: Evidence And Consequences,
2015
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Anthropogenic Controls On Overwash Deposition: Evidence And Consequences, Laura Rogers, Laura Moore, Evan Goldstein, Christopher Hein, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Andrew Ashton
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Accelerated sea level rise and the potential for an increase in frequency of the most intense hurricanes due to climate change threaten the vitality and habitability of barrier islands by lowering their relative elevation and altering frequency of overwash. High-density development may further increase island vulnerability by restricting delivery of overwash to the subaerial island. We analyzed pre-Hurricane Sandy and post-Hurricane Sandy (2012) lidar surveys of the New Jersey coast to assess human influence on barrier overwash, comparing natural environments to two developed environments (commercial and residential) using shore-perpendicular topographic profiles. The volumes of overwash delivered to residential and commercial …
The Groundwater Atlas Of Saunders County, Nebraska,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Groundwater Atlas Of Saunders County, Nebraska, Dana Divine
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
The Geologic Context Of Landslide And Rockfall Maintenance Costs In Kentucky,
2015
University of Kentucky
The Geologic Context Of Landslide And Rockfall Maintenance Costs In Kentucky, Bethany L. Overfield, Daniel I. Carey, Gerald A. Weisenfluh, Rebecca Wang, Matthew M. Crawford
Report of Investigations--KGS
Kentucky Transportation Cabinet maintenance cost data for landslides and rockfalls were associated with geology along Kentucky roadways in a three-phase study. Work-order costs collected over 7 yr were divided into 1-mi segments, and the segment midpoints were assigned to geologic formation. Formations that were expensive to maintain were not necessarily those that were the most frequently repaired and vice versa. Costs and frequency of repair were greater in eastern and northern Kentucky, where slope and relief are greater than in other parts of the state and shale-bearing geologic units prevail.
Channel Morphology At A Meander Bend Chute Cutoff Partially Obstructed By Woody Debris,
2015
Eastern Illinois University
Channel Morphology At A Meander Bend Chute Cutoff Partially Obstructed By Woody Debris, Drew Sobczak
Masters Theses
Field and flume experiments have examined the conceptual model for a meander bend in depth. Large woody debris piles are often associated with the development of a chute cutoff due to local aggradation and deflection of flow. This paper examines the bed morphology of a meander bend chute cutoff that is partially obstructed by woody debris. The bed morphology of the channel around the woody debris pile as well as the head of the cutoff are mapped. The pile is shielding the point bar immediately behind it and causing a narrow, deep channel on either side of the pile. The …
Spatial And Temporal Variation In Penetrative Strain During
Compression: Insights From Analog Models,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Spatial And Temporal Variation In Penetrative Strain During Compression: Insights From Analog Models, Caroline M. Burberry
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
Penetrative strain constitutes the proportion of the total shortening across an orogen that is not accommodated by the development of macroscale structures such as folds and thrusts. The accommodation of shortening by penetrative strain is widely considered to be an important process during compression, but variation in the distribution of penetrative strain during a deformation sequence is not well understood. This study provides some first-order constraints on magnitude, timing, and distribution of penetrative strain during deformation. Eight simple models, each with a geometrically and mechanically similar starting configuration, within the limits of sandbox models, were shortened to different amounts. Model …
Ecohydraulic Investigation Of Diatoms In A Bedrock-Controlled Stream,
2015
University of Kentucky
Ecohydraulic Investigation Of Diatoms In A Bedrock-Controlled Stream, Alex M. Rittle
Theses and Dissertations--Geography
Recent studies within the past decade or so have shown the importance of algae in geomorphic and hydrologic processes of lotic systems. However, the ecohydraulic role of algae in bedrock systems has largely been ignored. In addition, the utility of algae as indicators of channel dynamics have often been assumed by geomorphologists, but relatively few studies have examined this relationship. The purpose of this study was to determine whether algae, specifically diatoms, are useful indicators of channel geomorphological dynamics, and to examine if distinct habitats or biotopes typical in fluviokarst and bedrock systems provide unique habitat space for diatoms, and …
North-Central Nebraska Geology: Niobrara River Valley In Brown, Cherry, And Keya Paha Counties,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
North-Central Nebraska Geology: Niobrara River Valley In Brown, Cherry, And Keya Paha Counties, R. M. Joeckel, L. M. Howard, S T. Tucker
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
