Quantifying Channel Responses To The Removal Of The Glines Canyon Dam In The Middle Reach Of The Elwha River, Washington,
2015
Central Washington University
Quantifying Channel Responses To The Removal Of The Glines Canyon Dam In The Middle Reach Of The Elwha River, Washington, Bryon J. Free
All Master's Theses
Four different study sites throughout the middle reach of the Elwha River were monitored before, during, and after the dam removal process over a period of two years from 2012-2014. The complexity of the river geometry was a major factor in the ability of the river to trap and accumulate the new influx of woody debris and sediment from the dam removal, which influenced the response of the river channel. The change that occurred was quantified by using repeat Terrestrial LiDAR (TLS), sediment distribution surveys, and large woody debris mapping techniques. The morphologic changes that occurred during this time were …
Geologic Mapping In The Black Mountain Area, Northern Eastern California Shear Zone: Testing A Kinematic And Geometric Fault Slip Transfer Model,
2015
Central Washington University
Geologic Mapping In The Black Mountain Area, Northern Eastern California Shear Zone: Testing A Kinematic And Geometric Fault Slip Transfer Model, Kevin M. Delano
All Master's Theses
New geologic mapping, structural, kinematic, and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology studies in the Black Mountain area, northern eastern California shear zone, are used to test a kinematic fault slip transfer model for the Owens Valley fault-Mina deflection transition. In the Black Mountain area, range bounding ~NNW- to ~NS-striking and lesser NW- to NE-striking normal faults cut Mesozoic, Miocene (22.42 ± 0.05 Ma), Pliocene (3.53 ± 0.06 to 3.29 ± 0.02 Ma), and early-middle Pleistocene (1936 ± 12.7 to 766 ± 3.1 ka) rocks. Palinspastically restored cross-sections show that offset Pliocene markers record 1.5 +0.7/-0.6 km of ~ENE-WSW extension since …
The Ugly Duckling: Insights Into Ancient Maya Commerce And Industry From Pottery Petrography,
2015
American Museum of Natural History
The Ugly Duckling: Insights Into Ancient Maya Commerce And Industry From Pottery Petrography, James Aimers, Elizabeth Haussner, Dori Farthing
Anthropology
No abstract provided.
Development And Evaluation Of Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships For The Physiographic Regions Of The United States,
2015
Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M
Development And Evaluation Of Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships For The Physiographic Regions Of The United States, Katrin Bieger, Hendrik Rathjens, Peter M. Allen, Jeffrey G. Arnold
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Bankfull hydraulic geometry relationships are used to estimate channel dimensions for streamflow simulation models, which require channel geometry data as input parameters. Often, one nationwide curve is used across the entire United States (U.S.) (e.g., in Soil and Water Assessment Tool), even though studies have shown that the use of regional curves can improve the reliability of predictions considerably. In this study, regional regression equations predicting bankfull width, depth, and cross-sectional area as a function of drainage area are developed for the Physiographic Divisions and Provinces of the U.S. and compared to a nationwide equation. Results show that the regional …
Gravity And Magnetic Investigations Into Possible Economic Mineral Deposits Within The Northwest St. Francois Terrane, Southeastern Missouri,
2015
Missouri State University
Gravity And Magnetic Investigations Into Possible Economic Mineral Deposits Within The Northwest St. Francois Terrane, Southeastern Missouri, Brandon Todd Ives
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The exposed Precambrian St. Francois Mountains in southeast Missouri are a well-studied terrane of rhyolites, granites, and basaltic dikes, but much of the buried basement lithology west of the exposed region is still poorly delineated. The western St. Francois is host to large hydrothermal Pb-Zn and Fe-oxide ore deposits, some of which were located with previous geophysical investigations. The economic ore deposits specifically in the Pea Ridge Mine in Washington County contain known economic minerals and rare earth element deposits. In order to further investigate the Precambrian basement lithologies and the possible locations of additional economic ore deposits, a gravity …
Arizona Fissures: Unique And Possibly Dangerous?,
2015
Parkland College
Arizona Fissures: Unique And Possibly Dangerous?, Georgia Miller
A with Honors Projects
Fissures are cracks in the earth that form from stretching and pull-apart of geologic materials near earth’s surface. They generally form in areas that experience frequent earthquake and volcanic activity; areas with active tectonics. Recently discovered fissures in Arizona are different, as they form from pumping of subsurface gas and water resources. In the UK, similar but also slightly different processes are happening. In this region, instability causes more rapid and more frequent fissure formation due to more active tectonic processes. Therefore, fissures in the UK are a more common occurrence than those in Arizona. Fissures in both locations are …
A Petrophysical Evaluation Of The Trenton-Black River Formation Of The Michigan Basin,
2015
Michigan Technological University
A Petrophysical Evaluation Of The Trenton-Black River Formation Of The Michigan Basin, Lu Yang
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
This work is conducted to study the geological and petrophysical features of the Trenton- Black River limestone formation. Log curves, crossplots and mineral identification methods using well-log data are used to determine the components and analyze changes in lithology. Thirty-five wells from the Michigan Basin are used to define the mineralogy of Trenton-Black River limestone. Using the different responses of a few log curves, especially gamma-ray, resistivity and neutron porosity, the formation tops for the Utica shale, the Trenton limestone, the Black River limestone and the Prairie du Chien sandstone are identified to confirm earlier authors’ work and provide a …
Exploration Of The Mtsat2 Satellite Capabilities For Real Time Detection And Characterization Of Volcanic Emissions,
2015
Michigan Technological University
Exploration Of The Mtsat2 Satellite Capabilities For Real Time Detection And Characterization Of Volcanic Emissions, Nicholas R. Stewart
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
In this report, we attempt to define the capabilities of the infrared satellite remote sensor, Multifunctional Transport Satellite-2 (MTSAT-2) (i.e. a geosynchronous instrument), in characterizing volcanic eruptive behavior in the highly active region of Indonesia. Sulfur dioxide data from NASA's Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) (i.e. a polar orbiting instrument) are presented here for validation of the processes interpreted using the thermal infrared datasets. Data provided from two case studies are analyzed specifically for eruptive products producing large thermal anomalies (i.e. lava flows, lava domes, etc.), volcanic ash and SO2 clouds; three distinctly characteristic and abundant volcanic emissions. Two primary …
Application Of A Hazard Rating System For Rock Slopes Along A Transportation Corridor Using Remote Sensing,
2015
Michigan Technological University
Application Of A Hazard Rating System For Rock Slopes Along A Transportation Corridor Using Remote Sensing, Samantha M. Justice
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Rockfall hazards are a significant and ongoing threat to infrastructure located within steep terrain. Assessing the relative hazard along a transportation corridor is important in determining the likely location and mode of rock slope failure. Understanding where to focus attention and funds is vital for the infrastructure agencies because of the high cost of implementing preventative measures for long lengths of infrastructure. Hazard analysis has historically relied upon experienced field engineers assessing each site, which is not time or cost effective. This study focuses on using remote sensing techniques to analyze rock slopes along transportation corridors. A case study from …
Mineral And Geochemical Attributes Of The Midcontinent Rift Sequence; An Application For Deep Carbon Dioxide Sequestration,
2015
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Mineral And Geochemical Attributes Of The Midcontinent Rift Sequence; An Application For Deep Carbon Dioxide Sequestration, Alsedik Mohamed Ali Abousif
Doctoral Dissertations
"The potential for using the Oronto Group of the Midcontinent Rift (MCR) Sequence for CO2 sequestration has been disparaged because of low porosity-permeability characteristics, which are largely a result of extensive calcite cementation. This study investigated the potential for using the MCR as a target for CO2 sequestration by examining reactions involving detrital host-rock minerals at high pressure-temperature conditions that could provide dissolved Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe2+, and then precipitating these cations as carbonate minerals. The effect of carbonic acid on cement dissolution was also evaluated with respect to enhancing porosity and …
Shear Wave Splitting Analysis Beneath Tien Shan: Geodynamic Implications Of Complex Anisotropy,
2015
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Shear Wave Splitting Analysis Beneath Tien Shan: Geodynamic Implications Of Complex Anisotropy, Solomon Gerra Cherie
Doctoral Dissertations
"In spite of numerous studies, the mechanisms for the crustal shortening, mountain formation and associated tectonism leading to complex or simply seismic anisotropy formation beneath the Tien Shan Orogenic Belt is still debated. The most popular hypotheses suggested for the existence of seismic anisotropy are small-scale mantle convection, regional scale resistive basal shear and APM induced asthenospheric flow. Here, we used shear-wave splitting (SWS) measurements with good azimuthal coverage to provide additional constraints on the various models proposed by previous studies. One of the most effective approaches utilized to constrain convective mantle flow patterns is the splitting of P-to-S converted …
Origin And Stratigraphic Architecture Of The Middle Permian Lower And Upper Quanzijie Low-Order Cycles, Bogda Mountains, Nw China,
2015
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Origin And Stratigraphic Architecture Of The Middle Permian Lower And Upper Quanzijie Low-Order Cycles, Bogda Mountains, Nw China, Jonathan Obrist-Farner
Doctoral Dissertations
"This study is carried out in the Bogda Mountains, NW China, and aims to provide a detailed sedimentary, stratigraphic, environmental, and paleoclimatic reconstruction in the paleo-mid-latitude along the east coast of Pangea. The Middle Permian lower and upper Quanzijie low-order cycles (QZJ LCs) provide a nearly complete sedimentary record in an area were little is known. In the first part of this work, the previously-established QZJ LC is divided into two LCs on the basis of regional stratigraphic correlation and major changes in depositional environments and tectonic and climatic processes. The newly-established lower QZJ LC is mainly composed of meandering …
Seismological Investigation Of The Okavango Rift, Botswana,
2015
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Seismological Investigation Of The Okavango Rift, Botswana, Youqiang Yu
Doctoral Dissertations
The mechanisms of rifting have been intensively investigated using geological and geophysical techniques beneath mature rift zones. However, current understanding on the earliest stages of rifting is seriously limited. Here we employ recently archived data from 17 broadband seismic stations traversing northern Botswana to conduct the first shear wave splitting and mantle transition zone (MTZ) studies within the Okavango Rift Zone (ORZ). The ORZ is an incipient continental rift situated at the terminal of the southwestern branch of the East African Rift System. The resulting normal MTZ thickness and consistently rift-parallel fast polarizations imply an absence of significant thermal anomalies …
Holocene Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of Coastal Sediments In An Arid Climate, Al Qahmah, Southern Red Sea, Saudi Arabia,
2015
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Holocene Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of Coastal Sediments In An Arid Climate, Al Qahmah, Southern Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Abdullah Ibrahim Nabhan
Doctoral Dissertations
"Holocene sedimentary deposits in Al Qahmah coast, southern Red Sea, in Saudi Arabia have been accumulated on an arid siliciclastic coast in a rift tectonic setting. This study provides a detail interpretation and analysis of sedimentary facies, stratigraphy, depositional environment, and major geological processes. Two studies have been undertaken. First, petrological study of composition and texture of modern sediments and facies mapping delineate facies distribution and mechanisms of sediment transport and deposition. A unique suite of complex riverine, wave, tidal, wind, and chemical and biological processes affect the composition, texture, and distribution of the facies. Second, the depositional environments of …
Modeling Intrusive Geometries Of A Shallow Crustal Intrusion: New Evidence From Mount Ellsworth, Utah,
2015
University of South Florida
Modeling Intrusive Geometries Of A Shallow Crustal Intrusion: New Evidence From Mount Ellsworth, Utah, Nathan Nushart
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Surface displacements resulting from upper-crustal intrusion of melt are a paramount concern for communities and facilities located in or near active volcanic areas (e.g. Campi Flegrei, Yucca Mtn.). Study of active intrusions such as Campi Flegrei, Italy west of Mt. Vesuvius, is limited to remote observations through geophysical/geodetic procedures. While the surface displacement due to melt emplacement at depth can easily be determined, the geometries and depth of intrusions are often based on simplified assumptions (e.g. spheres and prolate or oblate ellipsoids). These models benefit from data constraining both the geometries of the individual intrusions, and the kinematics and mechanics …
3-D Numerical Simulation Of Carbon Dioxide Injection Into The South Georgia Rift Basin For Geologic Storage,
2015
University of South Carolina - Columbia
3-D Numerical Simulation Of Carbon Dioxide Injection Into The South Georgia Rift Basin For Geologic Storage, Daniel Eric Taylor Brantley
Theses and Dissertations
This study numerically simulated the injection of supercritical phase CO2 into the South Georgia Rift (SGR) basin to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of long term geologic storage. The injection simulation modeling was divided into two phases. During phase one of the modeling, very little geologic and reservoir dynamics data was known about the SGR basin. Due to lack of basin data, an equilibrium model was used to estimate the initial hydrostatic pressure, temperature and salinity gradients that represent our study area. For the equilibrium model, the USGS SEAWAT program was used and for the CO2 injection simulation, TOUGH2-ECO2N was …
Complexity In Overmarsh Circulation,
2015
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Complexity In Overmarsh Circulation, Jessica Chassereau Sullivan
Theses and Dissertations
Overmarsh circulation is highly complex with variations in current direction over very short timescales and flowpaths that differ substantially between flood and ebb cycles. Understanding such flow complexities in salt marshes is important because they inherently impact the distribution of sediment, larvae and nutrients throughout the marsh, and hence, the ecogeomorphic feedbacks that control landscape evolution. The purpose this Ph.D. research is to quantitatively evaluate the effects of salt marsh topography on overmarsh circulation in a Georgia salt marsh. This dissertation is comprised of three parts. First, digital elevation models (DEMs) were compared to characterize how well airborne lidar (light …
Proxy Development And Application For Reconstructing The Surface Ocean Carbonate System,
2015
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Proxy Development And Application For Reconstructing The Surface Ocean Carbonate System, Brittney J. Marshall
Theses and Dissertations
Over the last two centuries, human activities have led to an unprecedented rate of carbon input into the atmosphere and oceans resulting in an alarmingly rapid decline in surface ocean pH, a process referred to as ocean acidification (OA). This process is leading to an observed decline in the carbonate ion concentrations ([CO3 2-]) in seawater – an ion that a large number of marine organisms (e.g. corals, foraminifera) utilize to secrete their skeletons and shells. The ability to identify past ocean acidification events using the marine sedimentary record can shed light on future impacts of the modern OA dilemma. …
Lithostratigraphic Investigation And Components Of A Complete Petroleum System Within An Upper Devonian Carbonate-Evaporite Sequence : The Birdbear Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota,
2015
University of North Dakota
Lithostratigraphic Investigation And Components Of A Complete Petroleum System Within An Upper Devonian Carbonate-Evaporite Sequence : The Birdbear Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota, Benjamin L. Engleman
Theses and Dissertations
The Birdbear Formation of the Williston Basin of southwestern North Dakota represents one carbonate-evaporite sequence of the Late Devonian. The formation was deposited during regression on a broad, shallow epeiric shelf and is composed principally of dolomite, limestone and anhydrite. The Birdbear Formation is conformable with the Duperow Formation below and the Three Forks Formation above. The designations of 17 lithofacies form the context for describing hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation. Rock-Eval 6 and total organic carbon of 42 samples were used to identify the quality of source rocks present in the formation. Good and excellent source rocks were identified …
Geothermal Regime Of The Williston Basin In North Dakota,
2015
University of North Dakota
Geothermal Regime Of The Williston Basin In North Dakota, Faye N. Ricker
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the thermal regime of a large intracontinental basin such as the Williston Basin can be enhanced by analysis of the relationships among radiogenic heat production, surface heat flow, formation temperatures, and gravity and magnetic anomaly patterns. Digital processing of the spatial and causal relationships gives insight into the effect of basement heat production on the thermal state of the basement rocks and the overlying sedimentary successions. These relationships provide valuable insight on the radioactive heat contribution to heat flow, heat flow from the lower crust, composition of the upper crust, and the potential for geothermal power generation. The specific …
