Underground Structures, Rock Structures And Rock Mechanics From Ancient Era To The Modern Age,
2017
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Underground Structures, Rock Structures And Rock Mechanics From Ancient Era To The Modern Age, Ebru Akiş, Özgür Satici
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Usage of underground space is an old habit for human beings since ancient era. Our ancestors have used caves as a shelter for protection from the wildlife and nature, and they excavated caves to extract valuable minerals. They also used them as sanctuaries, tombs or for storage of goods. In addition, they built tunnels to be used as assault systems or to underpass fortifications during ancient warfare. Later on, tunnels were driven to supply water to the towns or to protect the towns from floods. They also built them for communication purposes. Though not knowing the exact time when they …
Wellbore Stability Evaluation For Mishrif Formation,
2017
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Wellbore Stability Evaluation For Mishrif Formation, Ethar H.K. Alkamil, Husam R. Abbood, Ralph E. Flori, Andreas Eckert
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
During drilling operations for the E oilfield in the Mishrif formation in southern Iraq, stuck pipe has been identified as a significant geomechanical problem for several wells. In this study, a 1-D mechanical earth model (MEM) of the Mishrif formation is compiled based on its state of stress and rock strength parameters and is utilized to assess the contribution of borehole collapse leading to the stuck pipe problems. The MEM model is based on the principal in situ stresses and their orientation obtained from wireline logs measurements, measuring while drilling (MWD), and leak off test (LOT). Rock strength properties are …
Shocked Quartz Distribution,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Shocked Quartz Distribution, Andrew Mason
UCARE: Research Products
Shocked quartz is typically used to test if sites experienced a meteorite impact in the past, however, sediment is readily transported by both earthly and extraterrestrial processes that blur the lines of where impact sites are on earth. The specific deformations in the clasts themselves reveal much about their origin and present location.
Re-Evaluating The Tectonic Model For The Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma By Spatial And Geometric Analysis Of Stratigraphic And Structural Trends,
2017
University of Mississippi
Re-Evaluating The Tectonic Model For The Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma By Spatial And Geometric Analysis Of Stratigraphic And Structural Trends, Dakota James Kolb
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the spatial distribution and geometric relations between stratigraphy and structural features can allow for a more accurate tectonic timeline to be considered for not only the Arbuckle Mountains but for the assembly of modern North America. The Arbuckle Mountains in south central Oklahoma exhibit structurally complex stratigraphy associated with regional features like the Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen, the Arbuckle Anticline and the Washita Valley fault. Camp Classen YMCA and Turner Falls city park in Davis, OK, hosts observed, but largely unmapped, small scale structural features that best represent the magnitude of deformation. The goal of this study was to determine …
Weathering And Erosion Of Fractured Bedrock Systems,
2017
The Pennsylvania State University
Weathering And Erosion Of Fractured Bedrock Systems, Marina I. Lebedeva, Susan L. Brantley
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
We explore the contribution of fractures (joints) in controlling the rate of weathering advance for a low-porosity rock by using methods of homogenization to create averaged weathering equations. The rate of advance of the weathering front can be expressed as the same rate observed in non-fractured media (or in an individual block) divided by the volume fraction of nonfractured blocks in the fractured parent material. In the model, the parent has fractures that are filled with a more porous material that contains only inert or completely weathered material. The low-porosity rock weathers by reaction-transport processes. As observed in field systems, …
Natural And Human-Induced Variability In Barrier-Island Response To Sea Level Rise,
2017
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg
Natural And Human-Induced Variability In Barrier-Island Response To Sea Level Rise, Jennifer Miselis, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Storm-driven sediment fluxes onto and behind barrier islands help coastal barrier systems keep pace with sea level rise (SLR). Understanding what controls cross-shore sediment flux magnitudes is critical for making accurate forecasts of barrier response to increased SLR rates. Here, using an existing morphodynamic model for barrier island evolution, observations are used to constrain model parameters and explore potential variability in future barrier behavior. Using modeled drowning outcomes as a proxy for vulnerability to SLR, 0%, 28%, and 100% of the barrier is vulnerable to SLR rates of 4, 7, and 10 mm/yr, respectively. When only overwash fluxes are increased …
Explaining Creep-Like Deformation In The Marmara Sea: Results From Avo-Derived Vp/Vs And Pore Pressure Analysis,
2017
Southern Methodist University
Explaining Creep-Like Deformation In The Marmara Sea: Results From Avo-Derived Vp/Vs And Pore Pressure Analysis, Rahmi M. Bolat
Earth Sciences Theses and Dissertations
Recent studies suggest that high pore pressures have caused seafloor creep-like deformation and slope failure in the Marmara Sea (e.g. Shillington et al., 2012). Stratigraphic analysis provides evidence for creep-like deformation in Marmara Sea sediments, however, no detailed quantitative geophysical analysis has been conducted to determine whether elevated fluid pressures exist in the Marmara Sea sediments today, or if these sediments are potentially near-critically stressed. If fluid pressures are high and the sediments are close to failure, only minor ground accelerations from earthquakes along the active Northern Anatolian Fault might trigger failure. For this study, I use high resolution multichannel …
Zircon As A Proxy For "Taking The Temperature" Of Granites: An Example Using Zircon Thermometry Applied To Grenvillian Mid-Crustal Magmas In The Blue Ridge Province, Virginia,
2017
University of Kentucky
Zircon As A Proxy For "Taking The Temperature" Of Granites: An Example Using Zircon Thermometry Applied To Grenvillian Mid-Crustal Magmas In The Blue Ridge Province, Virginia, Samantha Rae Burk
Theses and Dissertations--Earth and Environmental Sciences
The Grenville orogeny was a protracted (~200 m.y.) series of “hot” magmatic- metamorphic events that contributed to the growth of the Laurentian margin in the late Mesoproterozoic. The granites contain remarkably high Zr content, lack xenocrysts, and become zircon saturated at high temperatures, which are all unusual for felsic magmas. The “hot Grenville granite” hypothesis is tested and use of high-Zr granitoids as potential zones of crustal magma generation through: U-Pb geochronology and cathodoluminescence imaging to assess inherited zircon components; quantitative modeling of zircon crystallization history using rhyolite-MELTS; and Ti-in-zircon thermometry. U-Pb zircon ages for two samples from the Virginia …
Callianassid Shrimp Diversity Around San Salvador Island, Bahamas: Why Marine Biologists And Geologists Should Care,
2017
Smith College
Callianassid Shrimp Diversity Around San Salvador Island, Bahamas: Why Marine Biologists And Geologists Should Care, H. Allen Curran, Koji Seike
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
Reprinted from: Carol L. Landry, Lee J. Florea, & Daniel S. Kjar (eds.), Proceedings of the 1st Joint Symposium on the Natural History and Geology of The Bahamas: San Salvador, Gerace Research Centre
Post-Rift Magmatic Evolution Of The Eastern North American “Passive-Aggressive” Margin,
2017
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Post-Rift Magmatic Evolution Of The Eastern North American “Passive-Aggressive” Margin, Sarah E. Mazza, Esteban Gazel, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Michael Bizimis, Ryan Mcaleer, C. Berk Biryol
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
Understanding the evolution of passive margins requires knowledge of temporal and chemical constraints on magmatism following the transition from supercontinent to rifting, to post-rifting evolution. The Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) is an ideal study location as several magmatic pulses occurred in the 200 My following rifting. In particular, the Virginia-West Virginia region of the ENAM has experienced two postrift magmatic pulses at ∼152 Ma and 47 Ma, and thus provides a unique opportunity to study the long-term magmatic evolution of passive margins. Here we present a comprehensive set of geochemical data that includes new Ar/ Ar ages, major and …
St. Louis Area Earthquake Hazards Mapping Project: Seismic And Liquefaction Hazard Maps,
2017
Missouri University of Science and Technology
St. Louis Area Earthquake Hazards Mapping Project: Seismic And Liquefaction Hazard Maps, Chris H. Cramer, Robert A. Bauer, Jaewon Chung, J. David Rogers, Larry Pierce, Vicki Voigt, Brad Mitchell, David Gaunt, Robert A. Williams, David J. Hoffman, Gregory L. Hempen, Phyllis J. Steckel, Oliver Salz Boyd, Connor M. Watkins, Kathleen B. Tucker, Natasha S. Mccallister
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
We present probabilistic and deterministic seismic and liquefaction hazard maps for the densely populated St. Louis metropolitan area that account for the expected effects of surficial geology on earthquake ground shaking. Hazard calculations were based on a map grid of 0.005°, or about every 500 m, and are thus higher in resolution than any earlier studies. To estimate ground motions at the surface of the model (e.g., site amplification), we used a new detailed near-surface shear-wave velocity model in a 1D equivalent- linear response analysis. When compared with the 2014 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model, which uses …
2016 Nebraska Water Leaders Academy - Final Report,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
2016 Nebraska Water Leaders Academy - Final Report, Mark E. Burbach, Connie Reimers-Hild
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
The effective management of Nebraska’s water resources is evermore challenged by variations in weather, climate, technology, socioeconomic policies, and regulation. Anthropogenic climate change, declining water tables and stream flows, increasing demands on freshwater, aging water infrastructure, fiscal constraints, and impacts on aquatic organisms are particularly imminent challenges in Nebraska and around the world (Pahl-Wostl et al., 2013; Pittock et al., 2008; USACE, 2010). Sustaining freshwater ecosystem services in the face of emerging environmental threats presents an immense societal dilemma worldwide (Pittock et al., 2013; Rockström et al., 2009, Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). The rapidly changing conditions of water resources in …
Sequence Stratigraphic And Tectono-Stratigraphic Successions, Ozark Shelf, Tri-State Region, Southern Midcontinent,
2017
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
Sequence Stratigraphic And Tectono-Stratigraphic Successions, Ozark Shelf, Tri-State Region, Southern Midcontinent, E. C. Bello
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The southern Ozark region, Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma occupies the southern border of the North American craton. Its sedimentary succession preserves a complete Wilson Cycle reflecting the Late Precambrian-Cambrian rifting of Rodinia into the Laurussian and Gondwanan landmasses that opened the Iapetus Ocean Basin during the Late Cambrian-Middle Mississippian. The basin was closed during the Late Mississippian-Middle Pennsylvanian by the collision of Laurussia with Gondwana. During the Late Cambrian through the Middle Pennsylvanian, the Ozark Shelf, including its gently sloping, Northern Arkansas Structural Platform (NASP) and adjacent ramp, records both transgression and regression by epeiric seas as well as regional …
Paleoecology Of Foraminifera From The Late Miocene - Early Pliocene Pullen And Saint George Formations, Northwestern California,
2017
Cal Poly Humboldt
Paleoecology Of Foraminifera From The Late Miocene - Early Pliocene Pullen And Saint George Formations, Northwestern California, Trenton J. Ryan
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
The Pullen and Saint George formations are coeval late Miocene-early Pliocene sedimentary formations in northwestern California. The type localities of both formations were studied from a micropaleontologic perspective that focused primarily on Foraminifera, but with additional observations of other fossil groups to reconstruct their past depositional environments. The results obtained in this study provided a photomicrographic inventory of the microfossils from both formations, aided in investigating changes in paleobathymetry of the formations during the late Miocene and early Pliocene based on Foraminifera, and allowed for interpretation of paleoecological signals from the foraminiferan associations. Foraminifera have not been previously described in …
Structural Analysis Of A Triangle Zone Culmination, Comb Rock, Lewis And Clark County, Montana,
2017
University of Montana
Structural Analysis Of A Triangle Zone Culmination, Comb Rock, Lewis And Clark County, Montana, Shane S. Fussell
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
A triangle zone is a structure commonly found at the leading edge of a thrust belt, characterized by a triangular cross-section of thrust faults. In the Montana triangle zone, west-dipping thrust faults intersect east-dipping ones above a regional detachment fault. Most studies of triangle zones focus on the structure in a cross-sectional sense, but little work addresses variations along the trend. The Canadian Rocky Mountain triangle zone has long been a productive petroleum province, so understanding the southern extent of this zone, where it enters Montana, is of interest for economic purposes as well as geologic understanding. Previous studies have …
Lateral Heterogeneity And Architectural Analysis Of The Wall Creek Member Of The Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) Frontier Formation,
2017
University of Montana
Lateral Heterogeneity And Architectural Analysis Of The Wall Creek Member Of The Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) Frontier Formation, John Zupanic
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The Upper Turonian Wall Creek Member (WCM) of the Frontier Formation is part of a series of marine sandstones that were deposited on the western flank of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway (KWIS). The KWIS was a low accommodation shallow-marine foreland basin system that included many large deltaic complexes on its western margin. Deposition of WCM deltaic deposits was strongly influenced by fourthorder glacioeustatic cycles, oceanographic circulation patterns, and tectonics related to the active Sevier fold and thrust belt to the west. An in-depth field study of the WCM was performed on the western flank of the Powder River Basin …
Kentucky Stratigraphy With Stage Correlations,
2017
University of Kentucky
Kentucky Stratigraphy With Stage Correlations, Stephen F. Greb
Map and Chart--KGS
No abstract provided.
Field Investigation Of An Active Landslide In Kentucky: A Framework To Correlate Electrical Data And Shear Strength,
2017
University of Kentucky
Field Investigation Of An Active Landslide In Kentucky: A Framework To Correlate Electrical Data And Shear Strength, Matthew M. Crawford, L. Sebastian Bryson
Report of Investigations--KGS
Landslide hazard assessments are best accomplished by a multidisciplinary approach that connects geologic processes with geotechnical behavior. Tools to accomplish this in the field include geologic characterization, hydrologic monitoring, and geophysical surveys, and in the laboratory, soil-strength testing. Volumetric water content, soil-water potential (suction), local rainfall, and in situ electrical conductivity were measured at a shallow colluvial landslide in Kentucky. Surface electrical-resistivity surveys were also conducted to support interpretations of depth to failure, lithologic differences, and changes in moisture content over time. Correlations of hydrologic data with electrical measurements and shear strength indicate that observed changes in the degree of …
America's National Parks And The Anthropocene: Addressing The Present To Accommodate The Future In Acadia National Park,
2017
Colby College
America's National Parks And The Anthropocene: Addressing The Present To Accommodate The Future In Acadia National Park, Sophie A. Swetz
Honors Theses
In 2000, atmospheric chemist, Paul J. Crutzen, and limnologist, Eugene Stoermer, formally proposed the idea of “the Anthropocene,” a new geologic epoch in which humans are the dominant force shaping the Earth. To claim the Anthropocene's existence is to declare that human actions have altered the Earth in such a way that geologic indicators render it a distinct epoch in the stratification of geologic time. This new epoch emerges as a consequence of increased technological development employed to accommodate an anthropocentric human existence. That is, rapid advancements in technology have driven the transformation from a primarily naturally controlled planet to …
Upper Water Structure And Mixed Layer Depth In Tropical Waters: The Seats Station In The Northern South China Sea,
2017
Old Dominion University
Upper Water Structure And Mixed Layer Depth In Tropical Waters: The Seats Station In The Northern South China Sea, Jen-Hua Tai, George T. F. Wong, Xiaoju Pan
OES Faculty Publications
The variability of the upper water hydrographic structure, the efficacy of the different schemes for estimating the mixed layer depth (MLD), the inter-comparability estimation of the MLDs and diurnal and intra-annual MLD climatology in the tropical waters in the northern South China Sea were accessed in 702 depth-profiles of potential temperature (θ) and salinity collected in 64 cruises between 17.5 and 18.5°N and 115.3 and 116.3°E from 1997 to 2013. The hydrographic structure may be subdivided into three principal types: the classical type, with quasi-isopycnal surface mixed layer followed by an abrupt increase in the depth-gradient in θ and potential …
