Analytical Chemistry Commons^™

Detection Of Folate Receptor From Fr+ Cancer Cells, Darpan Patel

All Capstone Projects

The aim was to detect cancer cells by using folate–PEG-Biotin probe with fluorescently labeled streptavidin for targeted drug delivery of anti-cancer drugs and diagnose cancer cells. Folate-PEG-Biotin (synthesized by Dr. Henne and Mr.Rohan Patel) was purified by HighPeformanceLiquidChromatography (HPLC) analysis and with the help of Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) its identity was confirmed. Folate is a basic composition of cell metabolism in both synthesis of DNA and proteins. Growing cancer cells require high level of folic acid. Folate Receptor-α (FR-α) is a membrane bound protein having high affinity for folic acid and serves to transport of folate into cells. Poly …

A Sodium Salt Of The Dimer Of Boronoterephthalic Acid Anhydride, Scott Simmons, Albert Fratini, Vladimir Benin

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The title compound, sodium bis­(6-carb­oxy-1-hy­droxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-yl)oxidanium, Na+·C16H15B2O13-, was prepared in two steps from 2-bromo-p-xylene. Its crystal structure was determined at 140 K and has triclinic (P) symmetry. The compound presents a unique structural motif, including two units of the cyclic anhydride of boronoterephthalic acid, joined by a protonated, and thereby trivalent, oxonium center. Association in the crystal is realized by complementary hydrogen bonding of the carboxyl groups, as well as by coordination of the sodium cations to the oxygen centers on the five-membered rings.

Theoretical Investigation Of A Reported Antibiotic From The 'Miracle Tree' Moringa Oleifera, Michael Horwath, Vladimir Benin

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Moringa oleifera, sometimes called the “Miracle Tree,” has received international attention for its potential to improve health in impoverished tropical areas. In addition to high vitamin content in the leaves and pods, the tree contains compounds with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This study focused on the theoretical investigation of the suggested structure of one antibacterial compound, “pterygospermin,” whose existence was proposed after some studies of the roots of M. oleifera. The structure of pterygospermin was first proposed by a research group working in the 1950s, but later studies have not found evidence of this compound and have instead …

Detection Of Protein By Microdrop Analysis, Yogeshkumar Radadiya

All Capstone Projects

Analysis of protein depends particularly on protein concentration. Protein concentration measurement is the most important part in the research work to conduct protein-related studies. Although there are many methods available for this purpose, each method has certain limitations. The aim of the experiment is to develop either new or modified analytical method for the analysis and detection of protein using newly introduced micro-plate reader equipped with Take-3 microplate with the help of Gen-5 software. An ideal assay should be simple and easy to carry out. Another aspect to be taken into consideration are low inference, stability of measured components and …

Method Development For The Analysis Of Ddt, Ddd, And Dde In Cow Milk, Amanda Parra^, Betty Rocha, Wen-Yee Lee*

COURI Symposium Abstracts, Spring 2011

Organochlorine Pesticides (OCs) are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They have been found to bioaccumulate in organisms over time. These chemicals tend to attach to fatty tissues in animals and humans, remaining for long periods of time. OCs may be responsible for a vast number of health conditions including neurological disorders, endocrine disruption, reproductive dysfunctions, and possible linkage to cancer.  OCs such as DDT, DDE and DDD are banned, however, they have still been detected in environmental samples worldwide. The main objective of this study is to investigate the presence of DDT, DDE and DDD in cow milk using …

Transformation Of Fusarium Verticillioides With A Polyketide Gene Cluster Isolated From A Fungal Endophyte Activates The Biosynthesis Of Fusaric Acid, Yunxuan Xie, Wei Zhang, Yaoyao Li, Mingzi Wang, Ronald Cerny, Yue Shen, Liangcheng Du

Liangcheng Du Publications

A large number of bioactive natural products have been isolated from plant endophytic fungi. However, molecular mechanisms for the biosynthesis of these metabolites have lagged behind because genetic and biochemical studies are difficult to perform within many of the endophytes. In this work, we describe our attempt to express a putative mycoepoxydiene (MED) biosynthetic gene cluster in Fusarium verticillioides, which has a well-developed genetic system for the study fungal polyketide biosynthesis. MED was isolated from Phomopsis sp. A123, a fungal endophyte of the mangrove plant, Kandelia candel. It has several unusual structural features and interesting biological activities. Integration of …

Determination Of Caffeine As A Marker For Septic Tank Contamination Of Wilgreen Lake, Rosemary Onjiko, Susan Godbey, Walter S. Borowski, Darrin Smith, Lori Wilson

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Wilgreen Lake in Richmond, Kentucky, has been listed by both the state and the Environmental Protection Agency as an “impaired” lake due to excess nutrients, which may be in part contributed by domestic septic systems. Caffeine can be used as an anthropogenic marker to estimate the contribution of septic tank effluent to the lake. We have modified existing analytical methods to produce a viable method for the determination of caffeine in environmental water samples and applied the method to water samples collected from Wilgreen Lake. The modified method allows determination of caffeine in a concentration range of 75 to 10,000 …

Applications Of Raman Spectroscopy Technique In Lithium Ion Batteries, Liang Zhao, Yong-Sheng Hu, Hong Li, Zhao-Xiang Wang, Hong-Xing Xu, Xue-Jie Huang, Li-Quan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in the study of lithium ion batteries.In this short review,we gave some examples of the applications of Raman spectroscopy in the study of electrode materials including carbonaceous materials,spinel LiM_xMn_2-x O₄,LiFePO₄,as well as polymer electrolytes,room temperaturemolten salt electrolytes and the solid-electrolyte interphase layers.The advantages and disadvantages of the ex-situ and in-situ Raman spectrum techniques are discussed.Using new Raman techniques to investigate Li-ion batteries are suggested.

Determinations In Reducing Degree Of Iron-Amine Complex By Cyclic Voltammetry, Yu-Kun Lai, Wei Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The veracity and influence factors in reducing degree on iron-amine complex were tested by cyclic voltammetry.The types of cathode electrolytes including ferric nitrate,triethanolamine,sodium hydroxide and calcium nitrate were optimized.Compared with dip-dyeing coloration method,the cyclic voltammetry method can be used to measure the reducing degree of iron-amine complex more accurately with better stability,easier and faster operation.Potential applications of cyclic voltammetric determination method can be found in the fields of electrochemical dye production and related quality control.

Electrochemical Studies Of Quinone On Clay-Modified Platinum Electrodes, Thomas Edward Nelson

Theses (2 year embargo)

No abstract provided.

Instrumentation Analysis For Large Molecules: A Theoretical Study And Simulations, Yi She

Student Theses and Dissertations

Instrumentation analysis such as mass spectrometry allows one to analyze size up to 100kD safely. Difficulty arises from kinetic energies carried by larger-size molecules. Currently our group is developing a high pressure device, and the plan requires a theory (mathematics and physics) to back it up and highly accurate simulations for visualization and interpretation of the theoretical results. Such simulation is computationally (time-wise) difficult because of immense number of collisions. In our first trial of larger-molecule simulation, we incorporate a concept of drag with slip correction factor, relaxation time, and fluid viscosity into a statistical trajectory model currently common used. …

Human Fatty Acid Transport Protein 2a/Very Long Chain Acyl-Coa Synthetase 1 (Fatp2a/Acsvl1) Has A Preference In Mediating The Channeling Of Exogenous N-3 Fatty Acids Into Phosphatidylinositol, Elaina M. Melton, Ronald Cerny, Paul A. Watkins, Concetta C. Dirusso, Paul N. Black

Ronald Cerny Publications

The trafficking of fatty acids across the membrane and into downstream metabolic pathways requires their activation to CoA thioesters. Members of the fatty acid transport protein/ very long chain acyl-CoA synthetase (FATP/Acsvl) family are emerging as key players in the trafficking of exogenous fatty acids into the cell and in intracellular fatty acid homeostasis.We have expressed two naturally occurring splice variants of human FATP2 (Acsvl1) in yeast and 293T-REx cells and addressed their roles in fatty acid transport, activation, and intracellular trafficking. Although both forms (FATP2a (Mr 70,000) and FATP2b (Mr 65,000 and lacking exon3, which encodes part of the …

Corrosion Rate Trajectories Of Concreted Iron And Steel Shipwrecks And Structures In Seawater— The Weins Number, Donald L. Johnson, D. J. Medlin, L. E. Murphy, J. D. Carr, D. L. Conlin

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The Weins number (Wn) concept is proposed to predict the long-term corrosion rate of wrought iron and steel in seawater for variable marine environments. Plotted as a function of reciprocal absolute temperature, Weins numbers generate a linear plot from which the corrosion rates are calculated when temperature, oxygen concentration, and concretion thickness are known. Application of the theory of absolute reaction rates is described.

Structure Evolution Of Gold Cluster Anions Between The Planar And Cage Structures By Isoelectronic Substitution: AuN− (N = 13–15) And MauN− (N = 12–14; M = Ag, Cu), Rhitankar Pal, Lei-Ming Wang, Wei Huang, Lai-Sheng Wang, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

The structural and electronic effects of isoelectronic substitution by Ag and Cu atoms on gold cluster anions in the size range between 13 and 15 atoms are studied using a combination of photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles density functional calculations. The most stable structures of the doped clusters are compared with those of the undoped Au clusters in the same size range. The joint experimental and theoretical study reveals a new C_3v symmetric isomer for Au₁₃ ⁻, which is present in the experiment, but has hitherto not been recognized. The global minima of Au₁₄ ⁻ and Au …

Nmr Solution Structures Of Two Hairpins Of E. Coli 16s Rrna: The Effects Of Mutations And Chemical Modifications On Structure And Function Of Rrna, Yu Liu

Wayne State University Dissertations

The structures of two functional mutants, the UC (G690U, U697C) and the QM mutants (G690A, G693C, A695C, U697A) of the 690 hairpin of E. coli 16S ribosomal RNA were determined by NMR. The UC mutant and the QM mutant with high biological function are able to fold into structures that are isomorphous with the wild-type 690 hairpin sequence. The structural comparisons among the functional mutants and the wild-type provides structural validation for previously identified specific functional groups that are crucial for maintaining function of the 690 hairpin. The key groups for maintaining the structure and function of the 690 loop …

Structure Function Analysis Of An Adp-Ribosyltransferase Type Iii Effector And Its Rna-Binding Target In Plant Immunity, Byeong-Ryool Jeong, Yan Lin, Anna Joe, Ming Guo, Christin Korneli, Huirong Yang, Ping Wang, Min Yu, Ronald Cerny, Dorothee Staiger, James R. Alfano, Yanhui Xu

Ronald Cerny Publications

Background: HopU1 ADP-ribosylates GRP7, suppressing plant immunity.

Results: The HopU1 structure has two novel loops required for GRP7 recognition, and HopU1 ribosylates GRP7 at an arginine in position 49 disrupting its function.

Conclusion: HopU1 targets a conserved arginine in GRP7, disabling its ability to bind immunity-related RNA.

Significance: The mechanistic details of how HopU1 recognizes its substrate reveal how HopU1 contributes to pathogenesis.

Overexpression Of Galnac-Transferase Galnac-T3 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth, Keisuke Taniuchi, Ronald Cerny, Aki Tanouchi, Kimitoshi Kohno, Norihiro Kotani, Koichi Honke, Toshiji Saibara, Michael A. Hollingsworth

Ronald Cerny Publications

O-linked glycans of secreted and membrane bound proteins play an important role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer by modulating immune responses, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. A critical aspect of O-glycosylation, the position at which proteins are glycosylated with N-acetyl-galactosamine on serine and threonine residues, is regulated by the substrate specificity of UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferases (GalNAc-Ts). Thus, GalNAc-Ts regulate the first committed step in O-glycosylated protein biosynthesis, determine sites of O-glycosylation on proteins, and are important for understanding normal and carcinoma-associated O-glycosylation. We have found that one of these enzymes, GalNAc-T3, is overexpressed in …

Variations In Concentrations And Compositions Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Coals Related To The Coal Rank And Origin, Susanne Laumann, Vesna Micic Batka, Michael A. Kruge, Christine Achten, Reinhard Sachsenhofer, Jan Schwarzbauer, Thilo Hofmann

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The release of unburnt coal particles and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may cause adverse impacts on the environment. This study assessed variations in the concentration and composition of PAHs in a set of fifty coal samples from eleven coal basins worldwide. The maximum PAH concentrations at high volatile bituminous rank were recorded in samples from a single basin. Considering the entire sample, the highest PAH concentrations were in fact found outside of this rank range, suggesting that the maceral composition and thus the coal's origin also influenced PAH concentrations. The examination of the PAH compositions revealed that alkylated 2-3 …

Optimization And Validation Of Direct Analysis In Real Time Mass Spectrometry (Dart-Ms) For Quantitation Of Sugars To Advance Biofuel Production, Daudi Sayialel Saang'onyo

Online Theses and Dissertations

A direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the analysis and quantitation of sugars that would be generated from pretreated and hydrolyzed switchgrass. This research aspect can be divided into two sections:

i) Literature Review: A review is presented on the status of energy security and how biomass and biofuels can be utilized as a source of transportation fuel. To this end, biomass (specifically switchgrass) can be broken down by pretreatment methods and then enzymatically hydrolyzed to simple sugars. These sugars can assist with algae growth that can eventually be converted into biofuels. …

Characterizing Rna Dynamics At Atomic Resolution Using Solution-State Nmr Spectroscopy, Jameson R. Bothe, Evgenia N. Nikolova, Catherine D. Eichhorn, Jeetender Chugh, Alexandar L. Hansen, Hashim M. Al-Hashimi

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Many recently discovered non-coding RNAs do not fold into a single native conformation, but rather, sample many different conformations along their free energy landscape to carry out their biological function. Unprecedented insights into the RNA dynamic structure landscape are provided by solution-state NMR techniques that measure the structural, kinetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of motions spanning picosecond to second timescales at atomic resolution. From these studies a basic description of the RNA dynamic structure landscape is emerging, bringing new insights into how RNA structures change to carry out their function as well as applications in RNA-targeted drug discovery and RNA bioengineering.