Urogenital System Commons^™

The Hormones Of The Placenta

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

The human pregnancy begins with fertilization and implantation. As the embryo evolves and develops within the uterus of the mother, the placenta is formed. The placenta is a transient organ that develops to meet and accommodate specific needs during pregnancy. Its two major functions are the exchange of nutrients and gases between the mother and fetus and its role as an endocrine unit. Through the production and release of many hormones the placenta works to regulate the many necessary physiological changes in the mother in order to maintain the pregnancy, meet the needs of the developing fetus and prepare the …

The Effect Of Melatonin On The Ovaries

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Melatonin is a very small molecule whose effects can be both detrimental and beneficial to the ovaries depending on its concentration. Too much of anything is usually not good and so is the case with melatonin. Very high doses can be damaging, but in the right amount melatonin may be able to combat various diseases and increase the chances for fertility in women.

Guidelines For The Prevention, Diagnosis, And Management Of Urinary Tract Infections In Pediatrics And Adults: A Wikiguidelines Group Consensus Statement, Michelle Blyth

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Traditional approaches to practice guidelines frequently result in dissociation between strength of recommendation and quality of evidence. OBJECTIVE: To create a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections that addresses the gap between the evidence and recommendation strength. EVIDENCE REVIEW: This consensus statement and systematic review applied an approach previously established by the WikiGuidelines Group to construct collaborative clinical guidelines. In May 2023, new and existing members were solicited for questions on urinary tract infection prevention, diagnosis, and management. For each topic, literature searches were conducted up until early 2024 in any language. Evidence was …

Improving Fertility: Evaluating The Addition Of Prednisone To Enhance The Effectiveness Of Clomid And Femara In Anovulatory Patients., Jeffrey Bradford

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Chronic Anovulation and PCOS is a major infertility issue that affects the ability of many female patients to conceive and obtain a pregnancy. General anovulation is influenced by a combination of factors such as hypoandrogenism, hormonal imbalances, and an irregular menstrual cycle. The current methods of treatments include the usage of first-line medications such as Clomid and Femara or more expensive options such as menotropin regimens, Intrauterine Insemination (IUI), or In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). While Clomid and Femara remain the most common and successful method, an estimated 25% of general anovulation patients will fail to ovulate despite a maximum dosage …

Association Of Perioperative Factors With Lymph Node Positivity In Bladder Cancer Following Radical Cystectomy, Alyssa Laguerta, Kimberly Toumazos, Virgil Demario, Vaishnavi Patel, Balaji Reddy, Evan Jones

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction and objectives: The treatment of bladder carcinoma relies on a multimodal approach, including chemotherapy, radical cystectomy, and lymph node dissection, but clear guidelines for the optimal strategy remain ambiguous. Radical cystectomy is complex, with high morbidity and mortality, yet limited research has focused on its short-term implications for lymph node-positive bladder cancer. This study aims to address these gaps by identifying perioperative factors linked to lymph node positivity and comparing outcomes between lymph node-positive and negative patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 4382 bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy, collecting comprehensive clinical and surgical data. Clinical …

Descriptive Anatomy Of The Female Reproductive Organs In Thamin Eld’S Deer (Rucervus Eldii Thamin) And Fea’S Muntjac (Muntiacus Feae) With Utilizing Of The Glycerin Impregnation Technique For Specimen Preservation, Ampika Thongphakdee, Pawana Chuesiri, Paisan Tienthai, Piyaporn Kongmakee, Itti Boonorrana

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The reproductive anatomy of rare cervid species remains insufficiently documented, limiting comparative studies and preservation efforts. This study describes the anatomical details in the female reproductive organs of Thamin Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii thamin) and Fea’s muntjac (Muntiacus feae), while the application of a modified glycerin impregnation technique was achieved for specimen preservation. Dissections of female reproductive tracts revealed morphological variations that correlate with the known female reproductive characteristics of domestic and closely related species. In both species, the ovaries were characterized as small, ovoid structures, exhibiting prominent follicles or corpora lutea consistent with the stage …

Maternal Intuition Of Fetal Gender, Michael Mcfadzen, David Dielentheis, Ronda Kasten, Joe Grundle, Maharaj Singh

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Fetal gender speculation is a preoccupation of many expecting parents, and pregnant women commonly profess to intuitively know the gender of their unborn babies. This study objectively compared pregnant mothers’ perceptions of fetal gender to sonographically proven gender determinations. Also, success rates from previously published studies, noninvasive prenatal testing and a myriad of gender determination methods were observed and reported for context.

Methods: All pregnant women presenting for second-trimester screening ultrasound (at 17–23 weeks gestation) in the obstetrics department of a single health center were asked to participate. A medical sonographer described the ultrasound examination, obtained appropriate consent and …

Why American Parents Circumcise Their Sons: An Integrative Review Of Literature, Lacy Lauber

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Since medical evidence supports both pros and cons of routine neonatal male circumcision, expectant and new parents are left to make the decision to circumcise their sons on their own. There is limited research as to why American parents choose to circumcise their newborn sons.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review is to identify the reasons behind parental decision making in neonatal male circumcision in the United States. Understanding motivating factors in parental decision-making can highlight areas of prenatal education for expectant parents.

Method: An integrative literature review was conducted utilizing these online databases: PubMed, The Cumulative …

The Role Of Occupational Therapy In Bladder And Bowel Management For Individuals With Spinal Cord Injuries: An Educational Video Series, Julia Ryan

Student Capstone Papers

Occupational therapy (OT) practitioners are uniquely positioned to support individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in developing effective bowel and bladder management (BBM) routines. However, most existing literature approaches BBM from a medical perspective, offering limited guidance on how to translate occupation-based strategies into OT practice. This lack of discipline-specific resources contributes to reduced confidence among generalist practitioners and hinders the consistent implementation of BBM interventions across inpatient and community settings. To address this gap, a nine-part educational video series was developed to enhance OT practitioners’ knowledge, clinical reasoning, and confidence in delivering BBM interventions for clients with SCI. The …

Case Report: Pigtail Suprapubic Catheter Placement In A Patient With Acute Urinary Retention And Abdominal Mesh, James Espinosa, Clara Keum, Alan Lucerna, James Espinosa

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a urological emergency that requires immediate bladder decompression and management of the underlying condition to prevent further complications such as urinary tract infection and renal failure. When standard urethral catheterization is not feasible, a suprapubic catheter can be used to achieve adequate bladder drainage. However, in patients with structural or anatomical challenges, such as the presence of surgical mesh, suprapubic catheter placement can be difficult. This case report presents the successful placement of an 8.5 French pigtail catheter and urinary drainage in an 86-year-old male with abdominal mesh who presented with AUR.