Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Progressive Back Squats Increase Bone Density, Crystal Wong, Lon Kilgore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis has affected over ten million people in the United States alone and 80% of those are women. Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease diagnosed by low bone mineral density (BMD) that has a densitometry value below one standard deviation from a specific sex and age reference value. Weight training for women is slowly becoming more popular; however, the female population is still somewhat skeptical of participating in free weight gyms. PURPOSE: By participating in an eleven week program of progressive back squats, the female subjects were able to learn proper techniques and benefits of one full …

Validating The Adidas Micoach For Estimating Pace, Distance, And Energy Expenditure During Outdoor Over-Ground Exercise Accelerometer, Justin P. Porta, Derek J. Acosta, Angelica N. Lehker, Sean T. Miller, Joe Tomaka, George A. King

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Adidas miCoach was developed as a personal training system to estimate pace, distance and energy expenditure (EE) but has yet to be validated.

PURPOSE: To validate the Adidas miCoach for estimating pace (min/km), distance (km) and EE (kcal/min) during outdoor over-ground walking and running for two different sensor configurations.

METHODS: Six male and 8 female moderately endurance trained participants (mean ± SD age: 28.2 ± 8.5 y; height: 167.4 ± 7.8 cm; mass: 60.9 ± 11.1 kg; VO_2max: 54.4 ± 5.5 mL/kg/min) completed this validation study. The protocol consisted of walking at 53.6, 80.4, and 107.2 m/min …

The Effect Of Work Rate On Oxygen Uptake Kinetics During Exhaustive Severe Intensity Cycling Exercise, Jennifer L. Sylvester, Samantha D. Burdette, Steven W. Cross, Nosa O. Idemudia, John H. Curtis, Jakob L. Vingren, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The effect of work rate on oxygen uptake kinetics during exhaustive severe intensity cycling exercise

Jennifer L. Sylvester, Samantha D. Burdette, Steven W. Cross, Nosa O. Idemudia, John, H. Curtis, Jakob L. Vingren, David W. Hill.

Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX

During exhaustive severe intensity exercise, the oxygen uptake (VO₂) increases exponentially, with a time constant of ~30 s. After ~1 to 2 min, a slow component emerges and drives the VO₂ to its maximum. There are clear differences in the VO₂ response profile across exercise intensity domains. These disparities might not …

Effect Of Resistance Training On Vcam-1 And Cortisol In Hiv+ Men With Chemical Dependence, John H. Curtis, Jakob L. Vingren, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Effect of resistance training on VCAM-1 and Cortisol in HIV+ men with chemical dependence

Curtis, John H., Vingren, Jakob L., Hill, David W., The Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX

Resistance training can reduce the effects of inflammatory diseases and contribute to skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. Cortisol functions to reduce inflammation in the body however, it can impair the immune system. Elevated levels of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Chemical dependency is also associated with immune impairment. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to …

Muscle Recruitment Of Upper Trapezius For Computer Workers With Chronic Neck Pain, Hannah Cline, Mar'qiesha Stephens, David Flynn, Scott Marzilli, Xuanliang Neil Dong

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Muscle Recruitment of Upper Trapezius for Computer Workers with Chronic Neck Pain

^aHannah Cline, ^aMarQiesha Stephens, ^bDavid Flynn, ^aScott Marzilli, ^aX. Neil Dong

^aBiomechanics Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, Texas

^bEast Texas Doctors of Chiropractic, Tyler, Texas

The lifetime prevalence of chronic neck pain has been reported to be greater than 80% for office computer workers with intensive computer work. Despite the fact that prevention strategies may have reduced the incidence of chronic neck pain, they don’t provide rehabilitation or prevent disease progression for computer …

Osteoblast Activity Is Diminished In Young Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, Tyler J. Benson, Brandon Cherry, Steve Mifflin, Rhonda Prisby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) are used as a genetic model of essential hypertension. Reductions in cortical and cancellous bone mass and increased bone turnover have been observed in aged SHR vs. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, normotensive genetics controls. In addition, antihypertensive aids have been effective in improving bone parameters in hypertensive rats. Thus, the relation between hypertension and bone remodeling warrants further attention. The purpose of this study was to determine how acute (i.e., 9 weeks) hypertension effects bone remodeling parameters (i.e., osteoclast and osteoblast activity). Methods: Right femora from 14-week-old SHR (n=5) and WKY (n=4) rats were dissected, fixed in …

Heart Rate Variability Spectral Parameters Across The Menstrual Cycle, Andrew J. Tweedell, Matthew Tenan, Anthony C. Hackney, R. Matthew Brothers, Lisa Griffin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart Rate Variability Spectral Parameters Across the Menstrual Cycle

Andrew Tweedell¹ (Undergraduate), Matthew Tenan¹ (MA, ATC) Anthony Hackney² (PhD, DSc, FACSM), Matthew Brothers¹ (PhD), Lisa Griffin¹ (PhD)

1 Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Austin; 2 Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of autonomic nervous system function. Absolute low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) and the ratio of these components (LH/HF) are used as measures of HRV. Gonadotropin hormones may affect autonomic nervous …

The Accuracy Of Pedometers In Lower-Limb Amputees, Gary Guerra, John Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title: The Accuracy of Pedometers in Lower-Limb Amputees

Authors: Gary Guerra, John D. Smith Ph.D.

Laboratory & University: Human Performance Laboratory, Texas A&M University – San Antonio

First Author Classification: Master’s

The accuracy of the pedometer on lower limb amputees has yet to be explored. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of pedometers in lower limb amputees. METHODS: Thirty-nine participants (age = 48.0±14.1 yrs, ht = 172.7±9.3 cm, wt = 76.2±14.8 kg) had their height and weight measured and were then fitted with a pedometer belt around the waistline at the hip. They were then fitted with three pedometers: …

Correlation Between Weight, Squat, Deadlift And Rowing Ergometer Times In Collegiate Rowers., Jared K. Mcathur, James K. Adair, Ali Boolani

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

“Correlation between weight, squat, deadlift and rowing ergometer times in collegiate rowers.”

Jared McArthur, James Kyle Adair, and Ali Boolani

Oklahoma City University

Oklahoma City University Human Performance Lab

Undergraduate

Abstract

Purpose; The purpose of the study is to determine a relationship between male rower’s ergometer time (ET) body weight (WT), height (HT), maximal Squat (SQ), and Dead Lift (DL) results.

Methodology; Subjects (N=16; HT= 185.34cm ±7.19; WT= 83.82kg ±8.06) were all male high performance athletes participating at the varsity level. All subjects participated in a 20-minute warm up on a Concept 2 rowing ergometer before participating in …

Gait Evaluation Of Young Adults Wearing A Bledsoe-Extender-Plus© Knee Brace At Two Different Degrees Of Flexion, Jill A. Brady, Nicole C. Leman, Karen Rispin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gait evaluation of young adults wearing a Bledsoe-Extender-Plus© knee brace at two different degrees of flexion

Jill Brady (Undergraduate), Nicole Leman (Undergraduate), Karen Rispin

LeTourneau University

Solheim Kinesiology Laboratory

Summary

As students of the LeTourneau University WHEELS team, we are recording outcomes measures of the Bledsoe-Extender-Plus© knee brace. Using the GAITRite© mat, several skills tests and a questionnaire, this comparative study will investigate differences in gait performance for students wearing the brace locked at 10° and 0° flexion¹.

Introduction

Outcomes measures are used to evaluate the functionality of assistive devices utilized in a variety of rehabilitation settings^{2 …}

A Comparative Study Of The Energy Cost And Maneuverability For Pushers Of Two Pediatric Wheelchairs Designed For Use In Low Income Countries, Stormie R. Goodwin, Ruth Inwards, Karen Rispin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A comparative study of the energy cost and maneuverability for pushers of two pediatric wheelchairs designed for use in low income countries.

Stormie Goodwin (undergraduate), Ruth Inwards (undergraduate), Karen Rispin

LeTourneau University-Wheels Project

Introduction

Many wheelchairs are donated to developing countries without proper consideration of physical, cultural, and social needs¹. Many children in wheelchairs around the world are unable to self-propel and are dependent on assistants to push their wheelchairs. Organizations designing wheelchairs for low-income countries are eager for outcomes research to inform design. We are performing a set of comparative tests on two pediatric wheelchairs designed for …

The Accuracy Of Non-Exercise Vo2max Prediction Equations In College Students, Vanesa De Santiago, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Accuracy of Non-Exercise VO₂max Prediction Equations in College students

Vanesa De Santiago, John D. Smith, Ph.D.

Human Performance Laboratory, Texas A&M University-San Antonio

Undergraduate

The non-exercising testing of VO₂max is a widely used method since it is inexpensive, practical and requires very little skill. The accuracy of non-exercise prediction equations, however, needs further examination. Purpose: To determine the accuracy of two non-exercise VO₂max prediction equations Methods: Forty-one participants (23 males and 18 females, age = 29.3±7 yrs, ht = 67.2±3.9 cm, wt = 85.1±23.5 kg, BMI = 28.9±6.0) successfully completed a …

Elevated Mcp-1, Tnf-Α, Monocyte Concentration, And Dyslipidemia In Obese Mexican-American Children, Whitney L. Breslin, Craig A. Johnston, Kelley Strohacker, Katie C. Carpenter, Tiffany R. Davidson, Jennette P. Moreno, John P. Foreyt, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: Obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic disease. The prevalence of obesity is especially high among Mexican-American children. Peripheral blood monocytes contribute to systemic inflammation and may mediate the relationship between obesity and chronic disease. Obesity affects monocytes and the circulating levels of cytokines/chemokines that influence monocyte behavior. Purpose: investigate alterations in blood monocytes and plasma cytokines/chemokine levels among healthy weight (zBMI ≤ 85th percentile; N=66), overweight (zBMI=85^th-95^th percentile; N=23), and obese (zBMI ≥ 95th percentile; N=39) Mexican-American children. Methods: Blood samples were analyzed for total monocyte concentration, pro-inflammatory monocyte concentration, and classic …

Chronic Changes In Serum Il-6 And Tnf-Α Following 12 Weeks Of Concurrent Resistance And Aerobic Exercise Are Dependent On Exercise Mode And May Affect Adaptation, Brad S. Lambert, Justin P. Dobson, Stephen F. Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To examine physiological responses to concurrent resistance and land treadmill training (RT-LTM) compared to concurrent resistance and aquatic treadmill training (RT-ATM) and the chronic effect of each on serum TNF-α and IL-6 (cytokines associated with chronic inflammation, CVD, and skeletal muscle metabolism). METHODS: Twenty-six untrained subjects (M: n=13, 98.6±17.1kg, 182.2±6.2cm, 34±11yrs, F: n=13, 78.9±14.0kg, 165.1±5.1cm, 38±11yrs) were screened to assess VO_2max, body composition (DEXA), and strength (Lifts: leg press, chest press, leg curl, lat pull, leg ext, triceps push-down, biceps curl). Subjects were then randomized into 2 groups: RT-LTM (M=6, F=7), RT-ATM (M=7, F=6). Each performed progressive …

Effects Of A Single Bout Of Exercise On Lipoprotein Fractions In Hypercholesterolemic Women, Allen Sexton, Kavya Chelikani, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise on Lipoprotein Fractions in Hypercholesterolemic Women

Allen Sexton, Kavya Chelikani, and Yunsuk Koh

Department of Health and Kinesiology, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710

Classification of First Author: Master’s

Background: Abnormal lipoprotein profiles are strongly associated with premature cardiovascular disease. Sedentary lifestyle and menopause may accelerate abnormal lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in women. A single bout of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity may positively alter serum lipoprotein fractions in postmenopausal women with high cholesterol levels.

Objectives: The current study investigated how a single bout of exercise affects lipoprotein fractions in sedentary, postmenopausal women with …

Novel Methods For Measuring Upper Body Power, Amanda L. Ambrose, Jimmy C. Smith, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Novel Methods for Measuring Upper Body Power

A.L. Ambrose, J.C. Smith and S.P. McLean. Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Southwestern University, Georgetown, TX 78627. Undergraduate.

Numerous methods of measuring lower body power exist but few valid measures of upper body power have been reported. PURPOSE: To compare two novel methods of measuring upper body power to an accepted method. METHODS: Ten female athletes (19.9±1.4 yrs, 72.5±11.7 kg, 163.5±4.2 cm) completed multiple trials of three upper body power tests; Medicine Ball Put (MBP), Supine Medicine Ball Put (SMBP) and Multiple Repetition Bench Press Power Test (BPP). MBP required …

Changes In Whole Body Bone Mineral Composition In A Community-Based Pilot Study Designed For Mexican-American Women At Risk For Type Ii Diabetes, David C. Castillo, Maria G. Placeres, Arely Perez, Danielle M. Bravo, Donovan L. Fogt, Zenong Yin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Changes in whole body bone mineral composition in a community-based pilot study designed for Mexican-American women at risk for type II diabetes

David C. Castillo, B.S., Maria G. Placeres, B.S., Arely Perez, M.S., Danielle M. Bravo, B.S., Donovan L. Fogt, Ph.D., Zenong Yin, Ph.D.

Mobile Health Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology

The University of Texas at San Antonio

Classification of First Author (Master’s)

Background: Osteoporosis is a serious public health concern in the United States that is expected to increase over the next several years, especially in women. The US Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health states that …

Are Men Cheaper Than Women? Insights From Walking Economy, Nicole S. Schultz, Peter G. Weyand

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ARE MEN CHEAPER THAN WOMEN? INSIGHTS FROM WALKING ECONOMY

Nicole S. Schultz and Peter G. Weyand

Southern Methodist University, Locomotor Performance Laboratory, Department of Applied Physiology and Wellness, Dallas, TX 75205

Introduction: The metabolic energy cost of human walking has been extensively studied. However, whether men and women require the same amount of energy (per kg of body mass) to walk at the same speed or cover the same distance remains unresolved. While most predictive algorithms incorporate only body mass and walking speed, we have recently found that mass-specific walking metabolic rates are inversely related to stature. Objective: We tested …

Psychological Needs Mediate The Relationship Between Physical Exertion Barriers And Body Fat Percent In College-Aged Mexican-American Women, Vanessa M. Martinez, Jared Montoya, Cody Cox, Alexis Martinez, David Wittenburg

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In the last several decades, there has been a wave of interest in the overweight/obese population in the United States. However, little research has focused on the association between exercise barriers and psychological needs in college-aged Mexican-American females. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationships between exercise barriers, psychological needs for exercise, and obesity among college-aged Mexican-American females. METHODS: Body fat measures were recorded on 91 female students (M = 22.8±5.1). The Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS) was used to determine perceived barriers. The EBBS examined Exercise Milieu (EM), Time Expenditure (TEB), Physical Exertion (PEB), and Family Discouragement (FDB) for perceived …

Proposed Variations Of The Obstacles Involved To Reach A Lifestyle Change For Hispanic Women, Maria G. Placeres

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Proposed variations of the obstacles involved to reach a lifestyle change for Hispanic women

Maria G. Placeres, B.S, David C. Castillo, B.S, Arely Perez, M.S, Danielle Bravo, B.S, Donovan L. Fogt, Ph.D, Zenong Yin, Ph.D,

The University of Texas at San Antonio

Mobile Health Laboratory

Classification of First Author: Master’s

Introduction

Randomized clinical trials such as the Diabetes Prevention Program have demonstrated that intensive lifestyle interventions can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in high risk Mexican American women. It is important to conduct translational research to test the effects of community-based lifestyle interventions in the reduction for obesity …