Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Gender And Stress Related Effects On Cardiovascular Health Outcomes, Michael A. Cedeno, Jennifer Blevins-Mcnaughton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title[j1] : Gender and stress related effects on cardiovascular health outcomes

Authors: Michael Cedeño – Master’s, (Tarleton State University), Jennifer Blevins-McNaughton (Tarleton State University)

Background and Purpose: To date, only a few investigators have compared the effect that stress may have on health and metabolic outcomes in college age adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which gender may play a role in self-reported stress and cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in college age students.

Methods: Thirty-eight (N = 38) adults ages 18 to 28 participated in …

Pilot Study For Using Ecg In Pre-Participation Physical Exams In Collegiate Athletes, Bryan Ruiz, Matthew Massingill, Michael Cedeno, Jamie Cvikel, Steve Simpson, Joe Priest, Jennifer Blevins-Mcnaughton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title[j1] : Pilot Study for Using ECG in Pre-participation Physical Exams in Collegiate Athletes

Authors: Bryan Ruiz, Mathew Massingill, Mike Cedeno, Steve Simpson, Joe Priest, Jennifer Blevins-McNaughton (Clinical Exercise Research Facility, Tarleton State University, masters)

Background and Purpose: Disagreement exists in the sports medicine field concerning the best way to recognize and prevent unexpected deaths in sports. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the extent to which using 12-lead ECG in pre-participation physical exams (PPE) meet diagnostic criteria for sudden cardiac death.

Methods: Twenty-seven (N = 27) Division II athletes ages …

Pilot Study For Pre-Existing Conditions In Pre-Participation Physical Exams In Collegiate Athletes, Matthew Massingill, Bryan Ruiz, Michael Cedeno, Jamie Cvikel, Steve Simpson, Joe Priest, Jennifer Blevins-Mcnaughton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title[j1] : Pilot Study for Pre-existing Conditions in Pre-participation Physical Exams in Collegiate Athletes

Authors: Mathew Massingill, Bryan Ruiz, Mike Cedeno, Jamie Cvikel Steve Simpson, Joe Priest, Jennifer Blevins-McNaughton (Clinical Exercise Research Facility, Tarleton State University, masters)

Background and Purpose: Disagreement exists in the sports medicine field concerning the best way to recognize and prevent unexpected deaths in sports. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the extent to which suspect cardiac conditions were present during pre-participation physical exams (PPE) in collegiate athletes.

Methods: Twenty-seven (N = 27) Division II athletes ages …

Comparison Of Alter-G And Land Treadmill Training, Dustin P. Joubert, Brad S. Lambert, Nicholas P. Greene, Stephen F. Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Comparison of Alter-G and Land Treadmill Training

Dustin P. Joubert (Ph.D. Student), Brad S. Lambert, Nicholas P. Greene, and Stephen F. Crouse, FACSM

Applied Exercise Science Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

Purpose: The Alter-G (AG) treadmill utilizes a lower-body inflation chamber to decrease impact while running. There is little research investigating long-term AG training effects, particularly compared to land treadmill (LT) training. Methods: Ten subjects (5 male, 5 female; 37 ± 12 yrs; 83 ± 29 kg) performed a Bruce treadmill protocol to determine VO₂max at the beginning and end of 12-weeks of AG training at …

Physical And Functional Fitness Changes In Older Adults In Response To A Traditional Training Program And A Wii Enhanced Training Program, Chandrasekhar Bulusu, Sandor Dorgo, Rebecca J. Reed-Jones, Ashley S. Bangert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Wii Fit Plus Balance program has been recommended as an alternative training tool for older adults to improve physical and functional fitness. However, the effectiveness of the Wii Fit Plus in combination with traditional training approaches in older adults is unclear.

PURPOSE: To compare changes in physical fitness measures in older adults (OA) engaging in two different training programs: 1) traditional exercises performed by the control group (CG) and 2) traditional exercises complemented by Wii balance games performed by the experimental group (EG).

METHODS: 35 untrained OA (mean ± SD Age: 68.86 ± 6.13; BMI: 28.89 ± 5.32) with …

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Disrupts Mental And Physical Function In Female Endurance Athletes, Emily B. Crohare, Jorge Granados

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Disrupts Mental and Physical Function in Female Endurance Athletes

Emily B. Crohare¹(Master’s), Jorge Granados¹, Trevor Gillum², Matthew Kuennen¹

West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX¹ California Baptist University, Riverside, CA²

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is common among female endurance athletes. This disorder, characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, inflammation, and disturbed bowel function, can also contribute to severe anxiety, depression, and fatigue. Quercetin has been used to combat pain, inflammation and fatigue in healthy athletic populations, but its efficacy in female endurance athletes with IBS is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine whether …

Monocyte And Cytokine Responses Are Improved By Baker’S Yeast Β-Glucan Supplementation Following Exercise In A Hot, Humid Environment, Katie C. Carpenter, Whitney L. Breslin, Tiffany Davidson, Amy Adams, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Strenuous exercise is known to suppress the immune system, which can increase the chances of getting sick in the hours after exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if 10-d of supplementation with yeast b-glucan alters monocyte concentration, LPS-stimulated cytokine production, and plasma cytokine concentration in recreationally active subjects. Recreationally active subjects (29 men, 31 women, 22±4 y) completed 49±6 min of cycling (37±2°C, 45±5% relative humidity) after consuming either yeast b-glucan (250 mg/d, BG) or a placebo (sugar pill, PL) for 10-days prior to each exercise session. The investigators were blinded to the supplement conditions until all …

Influence Of A Short-Term Increase In Intraluminal Pressure, With And Without Recovery, On Ach-Induced Dilation In Senescent Skeletal Muscle Feed Arteries., John W. Seawright, Christopher R. Woodman

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Influence of a short-term increase in intraluminal pressure, with and without recovery, on ACh-induced dilation in senescent skeletal muscle feed arteries.

John W. Seawright¹ and Christopher R. Woodman^1,2

1. Vascular Biology Laboratory, Dept. of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843

2. Dept of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843

We tested the hypothesis that a short-term increase in intraluminal pressure, to mimic a 1 h bout of exercise, would attenuate or reverse age-induced impairments in acetylcholine (ACh)-induced dilation in soleus muscle feed arteries (SFA). In addition, we hypothesized that …

Effectiveness Of Isometric Handgrip Devices For Assessing Blood Pressure, Gurpreet K. Dhillon, Eddie T. C. Lam, Cheryl L. Delgado

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Effectiveness of Isometric Handgrip Devices for Assessing Blood Pressure

Gurpreet K. Dhillon, Eddie T.C. Lam, Ph.D., Cheryl Delgado, Ph.D., RN, C-ANP, James Ward, Dionna Kennedy, & Sohinee Kadylak

Institution: Cleveland State University

Gurpreet K. Dhillon (undergraduate, McNair Scholar)

Many health issues are associated with high blood pressure (e.g., arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis). Some suggestions to control high blood pressure include to adopt an active lifestyle (e.g., maintain physical activities a few times a week) and to pay attention to the daily diet (e.g., minimize salt intake). However, a few studies found that the systolic blood pressure of the participants dropped …

Neuromuscular Responses During Knee Extension Exercise In Combination With Different Blood Flow Restriction Initial Pressures, Jose A. Leal Jr., Sonio D. Garcia, Yoshiaki Sato, Michael G. Bemben, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Specifications of blood flow restriction training technique have been widely discussed to create a valid and reliable protocol. One of the unexplored variables is the effect of different initial restrictive pressures (tightness of cuffs, IRP) in combination with resistance exercise on neuromuscular responses and strength.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine any differences in amplitude (RMS) and median frequency (MDF) of electromyography (EMG) signals, as well as changes in strength during knee extension exercises with IRPs of 40-45 mmHg and 60-65 mmHg. METHODS: Twenty male subjects (age = 25.7 ± 4.3 yrs), participated in this study. They …

Comparison Of Skeletal Muscle Tissue Oxygen Saturation Responses Between Genders, Sonio D. Garcia, Jose A. Leal, Yoshiaki Sato, Michael G. Bemben, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Special attention should be given to subcutaneous thigh fat accrual and its impact on the amount of skeletal muscle blood flow and accumulation when using different initial restrictive pressure (IRP) during blood flow restriction (BFR) training. Due to different patterns of fat distribution and deposition in males and females, it is important to test the effects of subcutaneous fat on tissue oxygenation and lactate production during exercises with BFR. PURPOSE: The present study investigated the importance of thigh subcutaneous fat as a variable that may be associated with affecting the magnitude of initial pressure (tightness of cuffs before inflation …

Increasing Strength And Muscle Mass In Hiv+ Men Recovering From Substance Abuse, Carianne M. Cregar, Jakob L. Vingren, John H. Curtis, Kiannah Williams, Julius F. Cantu, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The combination of substance (drug and/or alcohol) abuse and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can result in the development of several co-morbidities, including muscle wasting. Resistance training could, therefore, be an important tool in the treatment of substance addiction/abuse and HIV. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of resistance training on measures of muscle mass and strength in the context of co-occurring substance abuse and HIV. METHODS: Seventeen untrained men (Mean ± SD: 42 ± 11 years, 89.7 ± 16.0 kg, 179.7 ± 9.1 cm, 18.9 ± 5.5 %fat) who are infected with …

Exercise Ameliorates Disruption Of The Dystrophin-Associated Glycoprotein Complex And Fibrosis In The Aging Rat Heart, Yang Lee, Jeffrey M. Hord, Hyo-Bum Kwak, Jong-Hee Kim, John M. Lawler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is localized and integrated into the cell membrane. The DGC provides a mechanical link between the cellular cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix (ECM). In cardiac muscle, disruption of DGC might be involved in mediating cardiac remodeling that occurs with aging, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure through transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß). Decorin is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan closely related to the DGC component that binds to collagen. Decorin reduces fibrosis via inhibition of TGF-ß and myofibroblast formation. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that exercise training (ET) would alleviate age-related disruption of localization in DGC proteins (dystrophin, α-syntrophin, and …

An Investigation Of Expired Gas Influence On The Shape Of The Heart Rate Response At Maximal Effort In Cyclists, Alissa Donaldson, Frank Wyatt, Lon Kilgore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To use mathematical examination to determine if expired gases, (i.e. VO₂ and VCO₂), influence neural response and affect the shape of the three phases of a heart rate (HR) response during a maximal, incremental cycling test. METHODS: Archived data from ten (10) well-trained cyclists (mean VO₂ max 68.7 ml/kg/min) who performed VO₂ maximal tests using the Australian Institute for Sport (AIS) protocol was used to calculate group mean HR, VO₂ and VCO₂ values for each phase of a test to volitional fatigue. A trend line of best fit was assigned to each …

Oxidative Low Density Lipoprotein And Exercise: A Historical And Meta-Analysis, Nikita Tailor, Frank Wyatt, Benito Velasquez, Lon Kilgore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to use the meta-analytic approach to determine the impact of exercise on oxidized low density lipoproteins in an adolescent population and the role of oxidized low density lipoprotein in the etiology of atherosclerosis. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox- LDL), a form of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, carries its own risk factors. A lower level of oxidative low density lipoproteins reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: The evaluation was done using a meta-analytical approach. This approach is useful when similar studies with a small sample size are studied. All the variables are compared …

Meta-Analysis Of Exercise Associated Hyponatremia In Endurance Athletes, Priyanka Pandya, Frank Wyatt, Benito Velasquez, Lon Kilgore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: The main purpose of this meta-analytical review was to quantify the patho-physiological changes of exercise-associated hyponatremia. The other purpose was to quantify the preventive measures and treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia in endurance athletes by reviewing the earlier findings. Methodology: The patho-physiology, preventive measures and treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia were studied by meta-analysis. Published articles related to exercise-associated hyponatremia in endurance athletes were taken as the data. Data were entered into the coding sheet. Mean and standard deviation were analyzed for the variables and dependent t-test was performed for the fluid consumed and excreted and pre- and post- …

Progressive Back Squats Increase Bone Density, Crystal Wong, Lon Kilgore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis has affected over ten million people in the United States alone and 80% of those are women. Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease diagnosed by low bone mineral density (BMD) that has a densitometry value below one standard deviation from a specific sex and age reference value. Weight training for women is slowly becoming more popular; however, the female population is still somewhat skeptical of participating in free weight gyms. PURPOSE: By participating in an eleven week program of progressive back squats, the female subjects were able to learn proper techniques and benefits of one full …

Validating The Adidas Micoach For Estimating Pace, Distance, And Energy Expenditure During Outdoor Over-Ground Exercise Accelerometer, Justin P. Porta, Derek J. Acosta, Angelica N. Lehker, Sean T. Miller, Joe Tomaka, George A. King

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Adidas miCoach was developed as a personal training system to estimate pace, distance and energy expenditure (EE) but has yet to be validated.

PURPOSE: To validate the Adidas miCoach for estimating pace (min/km), distance (km) and EE (kcal/min) during outdoor over-ground walking and running for two different sensor configurations.

METHODS: Six male and 8 female moderately endurance trained participants (mean ± SD age: 28.2 ± 8.5 y; height: 167.4 ± 7.8 cm; mass: 60.9 ± 11.1 kg; VO_2max: 54.4 ± 5.5 mL/kg/min) completed this validation study. The protocol consisted of walking at 53.6, 80.4, and 107.2 m/min …

The Effect Of Work Rate On Oxygen Uptake Kinetics During Exhaustive Severe Intensity Cycling Exercise, Jennifer L. Sylvester, Samantha D. Burdette, Steven W. Cross, Nosa O. Idemudia, John H. Curtis, Jakob L. Vingren, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The effect of work rate on oxygen uptake kinetics during exhaustive severe intensity cycling exercise

Jennifer L. Sylvester, Samantha D. Burdette, Steven W. Cross, Nosa O. Idemudia, John, H. Curtis, Jakob L. Vingren, David W. Hill.

Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX

During exhaustive severe intensity exercise, the oxygen uptake (VO₂) increases exponentially, with a time constant of ~30 s. After ~1 to 2 min, a slow component emerges and drives the VO₂ to its maximum. There are clear differences in the VO₂ response profile across exercise intensity domains. These disparities might not …

Effect Of Resistance Training On Vcam-1 And Cortisol In Hiv+ Men With Chemical Dependence, John H. Curtis, Jakob L. Vingren, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Effect of resistance training on VCAM-1 and Cortisol in HIV+ men with chemical dependence

Curtis, John H., Vingren, Jakob L., Hill, David W., The Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX

Resistance training can reduce the effects of inflammatory diseases and contribute to skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. Cortisol functions to reduce inflammation in the body however, it can impair the immune system. Elevated levels of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Chemical dependency is also associated with immune impairment. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to …