Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons^™

Confidentiality And Mental Health/Chaplaincy Collaboration, Denise Bulling, Mark Dekraai, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Jason A. Nieuwsma, William C. Cantrell, Keith Ethridge, Keith Meador

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

Confidentiality can both facilitate and inhibit working relationships of chaplains and mental health professionals addressing the needs of service members and veterans in the United States. Researchers conducted this study to examine opportunities for improving integration of care within the Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Interviews were conducted with 198 chaplains and 201 mental health professionals in 33 DoD and VA facilities. Using a blended qualitative research approach, researchers identified several themes from the interviews, including recognition that integration can improve services; chaplaincy confidentiality can facilitate help seeking behavior; and mental health and chaplain confidentiality …

University Commitment: Test Of A Three-Component Model, Brittany Davis

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

University commitment is critical to university success, as it positively impacts retention, as well as many other student attitudes and behaviors (Beil, Reisen, Zea, & Caplan, 1999; Tinto, 1987; Tinto, 2006; Woosley & Miller, 2009). Therefore, psychometrically sound measures of university commitment are of great importance to universities. The present study seeks to test the psychometric properties of a newly developed scale of university commitment. This study measured the internal consistency reliability, content validity, and construct validity of the newly created measure. Divergent validity was evaluated by comparing the new measure to the Perceived Academic Achievement Scale (Meagher, 2012) and …

Exploring New Boundaries In Team Cognition: Integrating Knowledge In Distributed Teams, Stephanie Zajac

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Distributed teams continue to emerge in response to the complex organizational environments brought about by globalization, technological advancements, and the shift toward a knowledge-based economy. These teams are comprised of members who hold the disparate knowledge necessary to take on cognitively demanding tasks. However, knowledge coordination between team members who are not co-located is a significant challenge, often resulting in process loss and decrements to the effectiveness of team level knowledge structures. The current effort explores the configuration dimension of distributed teams, and specifically how subgroup formation based on geographic location, may impact the effectiveness of a team's transactive memory …

Identity Construction And Information Processing In A Coaching Relationship: The Effects Of Coach Behavior On Coachee Goal-Setting And Commitment, Christopher Coultas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Coaching (professional, business, executive, leadership) has been shown to be effective generally speaking, but questions remain regarding the explanatory mechanisms underlying coaching. I first propose a context-general model that unpacks the sociocognitive dynamics within coaching. The model explains the emergence of different types of coaching relationships, and how the nature of these relationships differentially determine coaching outcomes. Research and theory on social identity construction and information processing in dyads provides the foundation upon which I outline a model describing the process and dynamics of coaching identity emergence. Beyond this emergence, my proposed model states that the coachee's understanding of appropriate …

Plugging Up The Leaky Stem Pipeline With A Stereotype Threat Mentoring Intervention, Luiz Xavier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study compared the effectiveness of different mentoring programs at reducing feelings of stereotype threat experienced by women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Stereotype threat refers to the extra pressure a person feels to disprove a negative stereotype that applies to him or her. Because stereotype threat has been found to undermine performance and interest in stereotyped domains, it may be a key factor contributing to female underrepresentation in STEM fields. Mentors and proteges were placed in either a stereotype threat reduction condition in which mentors and proteges were encouraged to participate in discussions designed to …

Student Assessment Of Professor Effectiveness, Roger Emil Knutson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Despite progressive changes, subtle sexism is still present in modern society. The present study used role congruity theory to explain how subtle sexism influences the ratings students provide for professors. Participants were presented with fictional scenarios where professor gender was manipulated and source of a mistake (student versus professor) was manipulated. For each scenario, students provided ratings of competence, likability, and likelihood to take another class with the professor. Multiple t-tests revealed no difference in student ratings between female professors and male professors who made mistakes and between female professors and male professors overall, although there was a significant difference …

Ethnic Names, Resumes, And Occupational Stereotypes: Will D'Money Get The Job?, Tony Matthew Carthen

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

King, Madera, Hebl, and Knight (2006) found evidence that race-typed names can have significant influence on the evaluation of resumes. Specifically, they found significant differences between Asian, Hispanic, Black and White-sounding names. They also found that occupational stereotypes covaried the relationship between names and evaluation. The current study expanded on their research by manipulating race with new groups (White, Asian Indian, Nigerian, Muslim, and Non-traditional Black-sounding names), manipulating the quality of the resume (low, high), and by considering occupational stereotypes (low-status, high-status) as an explanatory mechanism. Participants who have claimed hiring experience (N=170) from several fields read a fictitious resume, …

Dirty Work: The Effects Of Viewing Disturbing Media On Military Attorneys, Natalie Lynn Sokol

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study examines the psychological effects of viewing disturbing media on military attorneys who are part of the JAG Corps. Twenty seven legal professionals who work with cases involving child pornography and sexual violence completed measures of secondary traumatic stress disorder (STSD), burnout, perceptions of social stigma, and feelings of protectiveness and distrust towards others. A substantial number of participants reported poor well-being, though exposure to disturbing media was not predictive of these outcomes. However, defense attorneys and prosecuting attorneys differed significantly in severity of their perception of social stigma, which was linked to increased negative outcomes. Furthermore, qualitative results …

The Effects Of Mood On Exhibiting And Experiencing Counterproductive Workplace Behaviors And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors From The Perspectives Of Faculty, Staff, And Students, Alaina Rodriguez

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

We examined the extent to which counterproductive workplace behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors were mood-contingent in a university sample. Sixty-four employees and thirty-nine students participated in online surveys measuring job affective well-being, organizational constraints, internal locus of control, interpersonal conflict at work, mood, counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWBs), and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Mood did not significantly predict OCBs, but students were more likely to engage in CWBs than were employees. The longer an individual was associated with the university, the more OCBs they exhibited, and organizational constraints significantly predicted CWBs. Factors potentially influencing these results are discussed.

Overseas Assignments: Expatriate And Spousal Adjustment In The U.S. Air Force, Andrew R. Hayes

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The present study examined the relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ), expatriate and spousal/partner adjustment, and satisfaction with an overseas military assignment at a NATO Air Force base. Cultural Intelligence was measured using the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) by Ang, et al. (2007). Expatriate adjustment was measured using the Expatriate Adjustment scale by Black & Stephens (1989). Spouse/partner adjustment was measured using the Spouse Adjustment scale by Black & Stephens (1989). Satisfaction was measured with a 5-item scale developed by the researchers. All data was collected via an online survey. There were 178 Airmen respondents and 89 spouse/partner respondents. Significant, positive …

Video Game Self-Efficacy And Its Effect On Training Performance, Skilan Ortiz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effects of using serious games for training on task performance and declarative knowledge outcomes. The purpose was to determine if serious games are more effective training tools than traditional methods. Self-efficacy, expectations for training, and engagement were considered as moderators of the relationship between type of training and task performance as well as type of training and declarative knowledge. Results of the study offered support for the potential of serious games to be more effective than traditional methods of training when it comes to task performance.

Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kesejahteraan Psikologi Anggota Tentera Darat Malaysia, Wan Norhayati Wan Othman

Student Works (2010-2019)

Dengan melihatkan keadaan semasa anggota Tentera Darat Malaysia di mana banyak masalah yang berlaku, ramai yang berhenti awal dan niat untuk berhenti awal, jadi tujuan kajian ini secara umumnya ialah untuk melihat keadaan kesejahteraan psikologi anggota Tentera Darat Malaysia yang masih berkhidmat. Manakala secara khususnya tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengukur tahap kesejahteraan psikologi anggota Tentera Darat Malaysia, mengenalpasti profil kesejahteraan psikologi anggota Tentera Darat Malaysia berdasarkan enam dimensi mengikut teori Ryff, melihat perbezaan min indeks kesejahteraan psikologi anggota Tentera Darat Malaysia berdasarkan faktor demografi, melihat hubungan pembolehubah bebas iaitu penghayatan agama, kecerdasan emosi, penghargaan kendiri, kepuasan kerja dan …

The Role Of Resilience In Individual Innovation, Muhammad T. Amir

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Organisations in today‘s changing environment face significant challenges, requiring continual innovation. A critical factor in their response may be employees‘ resilience, the ability to apply high levels of effort and persistence while initiating, promoting and applying new ideas. However, despite growing evidence of the value of many positive psychological characteristics in organisational behaviour, the role of resilience in individual innovation has received little attention in the literature.

This thesis describes two studies of this issue. First, current perspectives and definitions of resilience were reviewed, revealing a need for an improved definition, a re-examination of its dimensions and a new measure. …

Linking Neural States And Performance: The Configural Superiority Effect And Perception-Action Model, Elizabeth Marie Mersch

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Establishing biomarkers for neural states linked to performance is a current key research topic. The objective of the present study was to establish initial links between neurophysiological indices of the cognitive and perception processes and performance in the context of analogical display. A functional MRI was used to measure neural activity during perception of the configural superiority effect (a series of analogical displays that have shown clear performance differences based on emergent feature). Response time and accuracy were recorded to determine performance. Findings showed behavioral and neural differences between the displays. The most notable result was the increased performance being …

Multi-Sensory Integration In Motion Perception: Do Moving Sounds Facilitate/Interfere With Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements?, Clayton D. Rothwell

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Previous experiments have attempted to measure smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) to acoustic targets with limited success. Some studies found no evidence for SPEM (Gauthier and Hofferer, 1967; Schaefer et al., 1981; Boucher et al., 2004; Berryhill et al., 2006) and other studies found only a sub-set of subjects could produce SPEM, which was poor in quality (Krukowski et al., 2001; Hashiba et al., 1996; Cloninger et al., 2013, 2014). These findings are despite evidence of auditory motion perception and an auditory motion aftereffect in the psychoacoustic literature (Carlile and Best, 2002; Dong et al., 2000). This thesis explored a …

An Investigation Into The Effect Of Power On Entrepreneurial Motivations, Jack Reed Durand

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The effects of power have been shown to exhibit a wide variety of effects on an individual's psychology. The present study explored power, as a form of resources control, and its effects on an individual's tendency to seek out entrepreneurship or entrepreneurial environments. According to various definitions of entrepreneurship, it can be argued that the process of entrepreneurship would represent a form of gathering power around oneself in the form of various resources. Attempts were made to determine whether a relationship existed between the experience power, and an individual's subsequent response to seeking entrepreneurial environments. The present study was able …

Anticipated Regret In Time-Based Work-Family Conflict, Jessica Bagger, Jochen Reb, Andrew Li

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The primary purpose of this research was to investigate the role of anticipated regret in time-based work-family conflict decisions.

A total of 90 working parents responded to a decision making problem describing a time-based conflict between a work event and a family event. Participants' preference for which event to attend constituted the dependent variable. Independent variables were participants' work and family centralities. Anticipated regret for choosing the work option and anticipated regret for choosing the family option were measured as hypothesized mediators.

Structural equation modeling revealed that anticipated regret for choosing the family option mediated the relationship between work centrality …

The Making Of Latina Leaders: Leadership Styles, Influences, And Challenges, Alejandra Rivera

CMC Senior Theses

The purpose of this qualitative study was to find common themes among Latina leaders. This study aimed to identify the leadership styles and leadership qualities unique to Latina leaders. It also analyzed the factors that have contributed to or inhibited the advancement of Latina leaders, as well as the challenges they have faced during their journey to the top. Sixteen Latina leaders, representing a variety of sectors, were interviewed by the author asking each one to share her story of what has influenced the leader she has ultimately become. Three predetermined general research questions served as a basic structure for …

Relative Effects Of Lower-Order And Higher-Order Quality Of Work Life On Employee Job Satisfaction And Life Satisfaction: Case Studies Of Service And Manufacturing Sectors In Thailand, Kalayanee Senasu, Anusorn Singhapakdi

Marketing Faculty Publications

This research investigates the relative effects of lower-order and higher-order aspects of quality of work life (QWL) on employee job satisfaction and overall life satisfaction in Thai workplaces. The data were collected by means of questionnaires mailed to employees of 6 selected companies-3 companies in each of the service and manufacturing sectors in Thailand with respective response rates of 72 and 74 percent. The results reveal that the two aspects of QWL in all companies have a positive impact on both aspects of employee satisfaction: job satisfaction and overall life satisfaction. The results also reveal a generally more important role …

Factors That Relate To Registered Nurses' Readiness For Interprofessional Learning In The Context Of Continuing Professional Development, Collette Williams

Dissertations

Today’s health-care professionals practice in a highly technological, multidisciplinary environment. In order to provide safe, effective, and high-quality patient care, collaboration is required among all professionals. Traditionally each profession has operated independently in regard to continued professional development. The purpose of this study was to assess practicing registered nurses’ readiness toward interprofessional learning in order to align learning with current practice.

Method. An ex post facto study design was used to gather data to examine if there is a relationship between variables of demographics and readiness for interprofessional learning. The Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) assesses the readiness for …

Development And Enhancement To A Pilot Selection Battery For A University Aviation Program, Ryan Thomas Hanna

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

There exists an imbalance between the number of pilots trained to practice in the field of aviation and the amount of those individuals who are qualified to fly airplanes. By putting a systematic selection system in place, it helps to ensure that the best possible candidates fill open positions in the field. Specifically developing a selection system to train and acclimate future pilots while they are in a university setting will not only help select top-tier candidates into the aviation program, but also prepare them for what to expect when they enter the job market. This research study built upon …

Shared Leadership In Team-Based Learning Classroom Teams And Its Relationship To Decision Quality, Elizabeth J. Peyton

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Team-based learning (TBL) is an increasingly popular teaching technique within healthcare education. However, much remains unknown about the processes underlying its effectiveness. I examined shared leadership behaviors in TBL teams and their relationship to academic performance and team decision quality both in the classroom and in an applied setting. To examine these relationships, I used round-robin peer evaluations that I analyzed using the Social Relations Model. Results failed to support my hypotheses. However, my study raised several issues that future researchers should consider: the relationship between shared and vertical leadership, proper conceptualization of Followership, using Social Relations Model estimates versus …

Challenge Accepted: Self-Enhancement Through The Pursuit Of Difficulty, Julie Anne Steinke

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Individual resilience is popular topic whereby researchers attempt to identify characteristics of individuals who react positively to stress. However, such research uses a reactionary approach, attempting to characterize successful individuals after they experience adversity and does not explain why some individuals proactively seek out challenging circumstances. Pursuing challenge is a new construct that explains why individuals proactively increase stress as a strategic mechanism for developmental purposes. I developed and validated a measurement tool for pursuing challenge in multiple studies. Additionally, I explored relationships between pursuing challenge and similar constructs (e.g., grit, proactive personality, and self-efficacy), as well as the extent …

Developing A Method For Measuring "Working Out Loud", Dennis E. Pearce

Theses and Dissertations--Finance and Quantitative Methods

Enterprise social network software platforms (ESNs) are increasingly being deployed in firms across almost every industry as a means of fostering employee collaboration. Although benefits in increased productivity, innovation, and employee engagement are highly touted, there is a high failure rate of these deployments. This often occurs because (1) there is a misapplied focus on technology adoption rather than adoption of the employee behaviors that are ultimately required to obtain those benefits, and (2) it is unclear what those behaviors are and how to measure them.

“Working Out Loud” is one possible framework for understanding and measuring the behaviors necessary …

Outcomes Of Perceived Workplace Discrimination: A Meta-Analysis Of 35 Years Of Research, Lindsay Dhanani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Given the substantial monetary and nonmonetary costs that both employees and organizations can incur as a result of perceived workplace discrimination, it is important to understand the outcomes of perceived workplace discrimination as well as what moderates the discrimination-outcome relationship. While other meta-analyses of perceived discrimination have been published, the current meta-analysis expands prior meta-analytic databases by 81%, increasing the stability of the estimated effects. In addition, several prior meta-analyses have not focused exclusively on workplace discrimination. Consequently, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive quantitative review of perceived workplace discrimination, its consequences, and potential moderators of …

Exploring Stereotype Threat In The Workplace With Sexual Minorities, Elizabeth Sanz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sexual minorities are the target of numerous negative stereotypes in the United States, and are sometimes perceived as deviant and devalued as compared to heterosexuals. Stereotype threat, the anxiety of confirming a negative stereotype about oneself or one's group, has been linked to perceived stress; and stress has been linked to low job satisfaction. Sexual minorities provide a unique test of stereotype threat theory because they may choose to conceal their minority status at work. Thus, this study also examines whether the visibility of the stigma is a necessary precursor to the experience of stereotype threat. Given the uniqueness of …

Group Differences In Perceived Workplace Mistreatment: A Meta-Analysis, Mallory Mccord

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Workplace mistreatment, such as discrimination, bullying, and incivility, affect thousands of individuals annually and cost U.S. organizations up into the billions of dollars each year in settlement costs, lost employee productivity, and poor employee health. Given the pervasive cost and prevalence of workplace mistreatment, research on this subject remains important. The purpose of the current research is to provide academics, practitioners, and policy makers with a comprehensive understanding of the nature of perceived workplace mistreatment by determining if subgroups (e.g. men versus women) within individual difference groups (sex, race, age, and organizational tenure) differ in magnitude of perceived workplace mistreatment. …

Examining The Impact Of Error Encouragement On Training Outcomes, Rebecca Lyons

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Error management training has been praised as an effective strategy for facilitating adaptive transfer. However, potential variations have not yet been examined to determine if an alternative format may be equally or more effective. As standard practice, error-related instructions in error management training encourage learners to make errors and to view these errors as learning opportunities. Also, an overwhelming majority of research on this topic has focused learner development of procedural computer software skills. The empirical literature provides little guidance in terms of the boundaries within which error management training is an effective training approach. The purpose of this research …

Exploring The Hows And The Whos: The Effects Of Self-Regulation Prompting And Goal Orientation On The E-Learning Process, Lauren Benishek

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects that self-regulation prompts and goal orientation may exhibit on self-regulatory processes and subsequent learning. Specifically, a moderated mediation model was developed to explain how self-regulation prompts interact with prove performance goal orientation to affect two mediational processes, time on task and self-regulatory activity, and ultimately impact learning within a learner-controlled e-learning environment. To assess these hypotheses, an online Microsoft Excel instructional program was developed wherein 197 participants had control over when and where they completed training, the content they reviewed, the delivery medium (text-based or video-based), and the sequencing and pace at which they progressed …

How Do Teams Become Cohesive? A Meta-Analysis Of Cohesion's Antecedents, Rebecca Grossman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

While a wealth of research has deemed cohesion critical for team effectiveness (e.g., Mullen and Copper, 1994; Beal, et al., 2003), less emphasis has been placed on understanding how to get it. Multiple studies do examine cohesion antecedents, but these studies have not yet been integrated in either theoretical or empirical manners. The purpose of this study was thus to begin addressing this gap in the literature. I conducted a series of meta-analyses to identify and explore various antecedents of cohesion, as well as moderators of antecedent-cohesion relationships. Findings revealed a variety of cohesion antecedents. Specifically, team behaviors, emergent states, …