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Articles 421 - 431 of 431

Full-Text Articles in Cognitive Psychology

Online Detection Of Tonal Pop-Out In Modulating Contexts, Petr Janata, Jeffrey L. Birk, Barbara Tillmann, Jamshed J. Bharucha Jan 2003

Online Detection Of Tonal Pop-Out In Modulating Contexts, Petr Janata, Jeffrey L. Birk, Barbara Tillmann, Jamshed J. Bharucha

Dartmouth Scholarship

We investigated the spontaneous detection of "wrong notes" in a melody that modulated continuously through all 24 major and minor keys. Three variations of the melody were composed, each of which had distributed within it 96 test tones of the same pitch, for example, A2. Thus, the test tones would blend into some keys and pop out in others. Participants were not asked to detect or judge specific test tones; rather, they were asked to make a response whenever they heard a note that they thought sounded wrong or out of place. This task enabled us to obtain subjective measures …

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The Direction Of Memory For Music For Popular And Novel Songs, Susan Rose Sibma Jan 2003

The Direction Of Memory For Music For Popular And Novel Songs, Susan Rose Sibma

Theses : Honours

Previous research on memory for music has typically measured participants' reaction times (RTs) and accuracy in tests of recall and recognition of songs presented to them. The current study was interested in what occurs during the time that elapses between stimulus onset and the generation of a response. It has been suggested that people sing or hum to themselves as they search for an answer (Rubin, 1977), but a question that has been overlooked to date is in what direction this occurs. As music unfolds in time, it was proposed that in memory for music, 'forward is best'. In the …

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Cerebral Substrates Of Musical Imagery, Andrea R. Halpern Jan 2001

Cerebral Substrates Of Musical Imagery, Andrea R. Halpern

Faculty Journal Articles

Musical imagery refers to the experience of "replaying" music by imagining it inside the head. Whereas visual imagery has been extensively studied, few people have investigated imagery in the auditory domain. This article reviews a program of research that has tried to characterize auditory imagery for music using both behavioral and cognitive neuroscientific tools. I begin by describing some of my behavioral studies of the mental analogues of musical tempo, pitch, and temporal extent. I then describe four studies using three techniques that examine the correspondence of brain involvement in actually perceiving vs. imagining familiar music. These involve one lesion …

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Perception Of Mode, Rhythm, And Contour In Unfamiliar Melodies: Effects Of Age And Experience, Andrea R. Halpern, James C. Bartlett, W. Jay Dowling Jan 1998

Perception Of Mode, Rhythm, And Contour In Unfamiliar Melodies: Effects Of Age And Experience, Andrea R. Halpern, James C. Bartlett, W. Jay Dowling

Faculty Journal Articles

We explored the ability of older (60-80 years old) and younger (18-23 years old) musicians and nonmusicians to judge the similarity of transposed melodies varying on rhythm, mode, and/or contour (Experiment 1) and to discriminate among melodies differing only in rhythm, mode, or contour (Experiment 2). Similarity ratings did not vary greatly among groups, with tunes differing only by mode being rated as most similar. In the same/different discrimination task, musicians performed better than nonmusicians, but we found no age differences. We also found that discrimination of major from minor tunes was difficult for everyone, even for musicians. Mode is …

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Neuropsychological Assessment Of Battered Women, Mona Matheney Tiernan Jul 1996

Neuropsychological Assessment Of Battered Women, Mona Matheney Tiernan

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study examined the effect of physical battering on the neuropsychological functioning of women. Twenty-five battered women and twenty-five non-battered women were administered a neuropsychological screening battery (11 separate tests, yielding 16 variables) to assess for possible deficits in the areas of attention/concentration, memory, visual-perceptual skills, sensory-motor skills, novel problem solving, and verbal fluency. All participants completed a demographic questionnaire, a post-concussive syndrome checklist, and a questionnaire evaluating for the presence of depressed mood and possible effects of depression. Potential participants with a history of previous head injury (occurring from a source other than battering) or other neurological disorders were …

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Recognition Of Familiar And Unfamiliar Melodies In Normal Aging And Alzheimers-Disease, James C. Bartlett, Andrea R. Halpern, W. Jay Dowling Jan 1995

Recognition Of Familiar And Unfamiliar Melodies In Normal Aging And Alzheimers-Disease, James C. Bartlett, Andrea R. Halpern, W. Jay Dowling

Faculty Journal Articles

We tested normal young and elderly adults and elderly Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients on recognition memory for tunes. In Experiment 1, AD patients and age-matched controls received a study list and an old/new recognition test of highly familiar, traditional tunes, followed by a study list and test of novel tunes. The controls performed better than did the AD patients. The controls showed the ''mirror effect'' of increased hits and reduced false alarms for traditional versus novel tunes, whereas the patients false-alarmed as often to traditional tunes as to novel tunes. Experiment 2 compared young adults and healthy elderly persons using …

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Memory Biases In Left Versus Right Implied Motion, Andrea R. Halpern, Michael H. Kelly Jan 1993

Memory Biases In Left Versus Right Implied Motion, Andrea R. Halpern, Michael H. Kelly

Faculty Journal Articles

People remember moving objects as having moved farther along in their path of motion than is actually the case; this is known as representational momentum (RM). Some authors have argued that RM is an internalization of environmental properties such as physical momentum and gravity. Five experiments demonstrated that a similar memory bias could not have been learned from the environment. For right-handed Ss, objects apparently moving to the right engendered a larger memory bias in the direction of motion than did those moving to the left. This effect, clearly not derived from real-world lateral asymmetries, was relatively insensitive to changes …

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Christianity And Cognitive Therapy (Chapter 3 Of Cognitive Therapy Techniques In Christian Counseling), Mark R. Mcminn Jan 1991

Christianity And Cognitive Therapy (Chapter 3 Of Cognitive Therapy Techniques In Christian Counseling), Mark R. Mcminn

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

LEN NERVOUSLY EYED THE DIPLOMAS on the wall, the titles on the bookshelf, and the wilted leaves on the plant I routinely neglect before telling me why he came for help. "I guess I'm here because you're a Christian and I need help dealing with my feelings ." Within this first thirty seconds of therapy, Len had revealed some important information about himself. He was nervous. He wanted to talk with a Christian, probably because he was also a Christian. He was troubled with uncomfortable - feelings, but wanted to be selective about the help he received. Len, like so …

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Mental Scanning In Auditory Imagery For Songs, Andrea R. Halpern Jan 1988

Mental Scanning In Auditory Imagery For Songs, Andrea R. Halpern

Faculty Journal Articles

Four experiments examined how people operate on memory representations of familiar songs. The tasks were similar to those used in studies of visual imagery. In one task, subjects saw a one-word lyric from a song and then saw a second lyric; then they had to say if the second lyric was from the same song as the first. In a second task, subjects mentally compared pitches of notes corresponding to song lyrics. In both tasks, reaction time increased as a function of the distance in beats between the two lyrics in the actual song, and in some conditions reaction time …

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Perception Of Structure In Novel Music, Andrea R. Halpern Jan 1984

Perception Of Structure In Novel Music, Andrea R. Halpern

Faculty Journal Articles

Two experiments demonstrated the way in which musicians and nonmusicians process realistic music encountered for the first time. A set of tunes whose members were related to each other by a number of specific musical relationships was constructed. In experiment I, subjects gave similarity judgments of all pairs of tunes, which were analyzed by the ADD-TREE clustering program. Musicians and nonmusicians gave essentially equivalent results: Tunes with different rhythms were rated as being very dissimilar, whereas tunes identical except for being in a major versus a minor mode were rated as being highly similar. In Experiment 2, subjects learned to …

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The Early Career Of James Mark Baldwin, 1881-1893 A Bibliography And An Introduction, Karin E. Wetmore Aug 1981

The Early Career Of James Mark Baldwin, 1881-1893 A Bibliography And An Introduction, Karin E. Wetmore

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis will be an historical project dealing with the early career of James Mark Baldwin, a very important figure in the development of modern experimental psychology out of the older philosophical psychology in the third quarter of the nineteenth century. The paper will focus on clarifying the specific details of Baldwin's early career and psychological work. This aim addresses the current need in the work of the history of psychology to establish an accurate picture of the historical events. This recovery and reconstruction of the historical data is pre-requisite to the more complete historical task. Gathering the raw historical …

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