Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics Commons^™

Using Cognates To Investigate Cross-Language Competition In Second Language Processing, Gretchen Sunderman, Ana Schwartz

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Second Language Acquisition From A Mcneillian Perspective, Gale Stam

Faculty Publications

Most second language acquisition research has concentrated on learners’ speech. This paper argues that it is necessary to look at both learners’ speech and gesture in order to better understand second language acquisition. It provides a summary of the second language acquisition process and the types of studies that have been conducted in the field. It discusses how gesture can be used to investigate learners’ thinking for speaking.

Reading Words In Spanish And English: Mapping Orthography To Phonology In Two Languages, Ana Schwartz, Judith Kroll, Michele Diaz

Selected Works Temporary Series

English-Spanish bilinguals named visually presented words aloud in each language. The words included cognates (e.g., fruit-fruta) and non-cognate translations, (e.g., pencil-lápiz). The cognates were selected so that the orthographic and phonological similarity of their lexical form in each language varied orthogonally. Cognate naming latencies were influenced by the cross-language match of the orthographic and phonological codes. When the orthographic forms were similar in the two languages, naming latencies were slowed by dissimilar phonology, providing evidence for feed-forward activation from orthography to phonology across languages. When the orthographic forms were dissimilar, the effects of the corresponding phonological match were not statistically …

Language Comprehension In Bilingual Speakers, Ana Schwartz, Judith Kroll

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.

Language Comprehension In Bilingual Speakers, Ana Schwartz, Judith Kroll

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Reading Words In Spanish And English: Mapping Orthography To Phonology In Two Languages, Ana Schwartz, Judith Kroll, Michele Diaz

Departmental Papers (Psych)

English-Spanish bilinguals named visually presented words aloud in each language. The words included cognates (e.g., fruit-fruta) and non-cognate translations, (e.g., pencil-lápiz). The cognates were selected so that the orthographic and phonological similarity of their lexical form in each language varied orthogonally. Cognate naming latencies were influenced by the cross-language match of the orthographic and phonological codes. When the orthographic forms were similar in the two languages, naming latencies were slowed by dissimilar phonology, providing evidence for feed-forward activation from orthography to phonology across languages. When the orthographic forms were dissimilar, the effects of the corresponding phonological match were not statistically …

Early And Late Preferences In Relative Clause Attachment In Spanish And Portuguese, Marcus Maia, Eva M. Fernández, Armanda Costa, Maria Do Carmo Lourenço-Gomes

Publications and Research

This study presents new data about the cross-language application of the Late Closure principle (Frazier, 1978), whose universality was put in question by data from Spanish (Cuetos & Mitchell, 1988). Using sentences containing a restrictive relative clause unambiguously modifying the first or the second noun of a complex NP (os cúmplices do ladrão/o cúmplice dos ladrões que fugiram), this study compares the behavior of Brazilian and European Portuguese speakers participating in a self-paced reading task. The data confirm that, in early phases of processing, attachment preferences are driven by a locality principle such as Late Closure. Based on a review …

The Role Of Meaning In Past-Tense Inflection: Evidence From Polysemy And Denominal Derivation, Shoba Bandi-Rao, Gregory L. Murphy

Publications and Research

Although English verbs can be either regular (walk-walked) or irregular (sing-sang), “denominal verbs” that are derived from nouns, such as the use of the verb ring derived from the noun a ring, take the regular form even if they are homophonous with an existing irregular verb: The soldiers ringed the city rather than *The soldiers rang the city. Is this regularization due to a semantic difference from the usual verb, or is it due to the application of the default rule, namely VERB + -ed suffix? To gain a new source of insight into …

Proceedings Of The 4th Acl-Sigsem Workshop On Prepositions At Acl-2007., Fintan Costello, John D. Kelleher, Martin Volk

Conference papers

This volume contains the papers presented at the Fourth ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on Prepositions. This workshop is endorsed by the ACL Special Interest Group on Semantics (ACL-SIGSEM), and is hosted in conjunction with ACL 2007, taking place on 28th June, 2007 in Prague, the Czech Republic.

Thinking For Speaking About Motion: L1 And L2 Speech And Gesture, Gale Stam

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Bilingual Lexical Activation In Sentence Context, Ana Schwartz, Judith Kroll

Selected Works Temporary Series

The present study investigated the cognitive nature of second language (L2) lexical processing in sentence context. We examined bilinguals’ L2 word recognition performance for language-ambiguous words [cognates (e.g., piano); and homographs (e.g., pan)] in two sentence context experiments with highly proficient Spanish-English bilinguals living in a bilingual community (Experiment 1) and with intermediate proficiency Spanish-English bilinguals living in a monolingual community (Experiment 2). To determine the influence of sentence constraint on cross-language activation, the critical words and their matched controls were inserted in low- and high-constraint sentences. In low-constraint sentences significant cognate facilitation was observed, suggesting that both languages were …

Bilingual Lexical Activation In Sentence Context, Ana Schwartz, Judith Kroll

Departmental Papers (Psych)

The present study investigated the cognitive nature of second language (L2) lexical processing in sentence context. We examined bilinguals’ L2 word recognition performance for language-ambiguous words [cognates (e.g., piano); and homographs (e.g., pan)] in two sentence context experiments with highly proficient Spanish-English bilinguals living in a bilingual community (Experiment 1) and with intermediate proficiency Spanish-English bilinguals living in a monolingual community (Experiment 2). To determine the influence of sentence constraint on cross-language activation, the critical words and their matched controls were inserted in low- and high-constraint sentences. In low-constraint sentences significant cognate facilitation was observed, suggesting that both languages were …

Proximity In Context: An Empirically Grounded Computational Model Of Proximity For Processing Topological Spatial Expression., John D. Kelleher, Geert-Jan Kruijff, Fintan Costello

Conference papers

The paper presents a new model for context-dependent interpretation of linguistic expressions about spatial proximity between objects in a natural scene. The paper discusses novel psycholinguistic experimental data that tests and verifies the model. The model has been implemented, and enables a conversational robot to identify objects in a scene through topological spatial relations (e.g. ''X near Y''). The model can help motivate the choice between topological and projective prepositions.

A Cognitive View Of The Bilingaul Lexicon: Reading And Speaking Words In Two Languages, Judith Kroll, Bianca Sumutka, Ana Schwartz

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.

A Cognitive View Of The Bilingaul Lexicon: Reading And Speaking Words In Two Languages, Judith Kroll, Bianca Sumutka, Ana Schwartz

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

The Acquisition Of A Stage Dialect, Nathaniel George Halloran

Dissertations and Theses

This study reports on the effectiveness of (theatrical) stage dialect learning techniques in bringing about linguistically authentic change. Actors use several techniques, some rather esoteric in nature and others more closely tied to linguistic fact such as the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. The purpose of this study is to examine some of these techniques as to their ability to bring about linguistic authenticity, as well as to attempt a comparison of stage dialect acquisition and naturalistic dialect acquisition.

Data were collected by interviewing a convenience sample of twelve student actors. Six of these (three males, three females) were …

Perkaitan Antara Kognisi, Bahasa Dan Komunikasi : Satu Kajian Kes, Noor Hasnoor Mohamad Nor

Student Works (2000-2009)

The purpose of this study is to observe the inter-correlation of cognition, language and communication in normal individual subject. The concept, structure and function of each factor is the basis of the said intercorrelation. The researcher expounds two theories on language acquisition, that is behaviourist and mentalist, as well as study the acquisition along with phonological, morphological, syntax and semantic levels. The intercorrelation of cognition, language and communication is subsequently refined using two methods - external and internal - as previously used by Foss and Hakes (1978). Internal representation is observed via cognition and semantic aspects, whereas external representation via …

Contingencies Governing The Production Of Fricatives, Affricates, And Liquids In Babbling, Christina E. Gildersleeve-Neumann, Barbara L. Davis, Peter F. Macneilage

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies of early-developing consonants (stops, nasals, and glides) in babbling have shown that most of the variance in consonants and their associated vowels, both within and between syllables, is due to a "frame" produced by mandibular oscillation, with very little active contribution from intrasyllabic or intersyllabic tongue movements. In a study of four babbling infants, the prediction that this apparently basic "frame dominance" would also apply to late-developing consonants (fricatives, affricates, and liquids) was tested. With minor exceptions, confirming evidence for both the predicted intrasyllabic and intersyllabic patterns was obtained. Results provide further evidence for the frame dominance conception, but …

Curriculum Standards In The Foreign Languages, Ana Schwartz, P Duo, M Djamou

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.

Curriculum Standards In The Foreign Languages, Ana Schwartz, P Duo, M Djamou

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Brain Sex: How The Media Report And Distort Brain Research, Janet M. Bing

English Faculty Publications

Testosterone gives men a particular advantage in that it is focusing and galvanizing a brain that is already, by its very structure, more focused than the female. Remember that the male brain is a tidier affair, each function in its special place . . . Biology, then, every bit as much as social conditioning, militates against a strongly feminine role in areas traditionally regarded as male preserves.

Changes In Patterns Of Thinking About Motion With L2 Acquisition, Gale Stam

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effective Psychotherapy, Neurolinguistic Programming, And The Grief Process, John F. Shrode

Graduate Theses

No abstract is provided.

The Relationship Between Mother-Infant Interaction Training And Language Acquisition, Julie Patricia Mannion

Masters Theses

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between training mothers to systematically stimulate their infants using form, semantic, and pragmatic behaviors during interactions with their infants and the rate and quality of language acquisition. A review of the literature indicated that mother-child interactions have a significant effect on later linguistic development. Researchers had investigated the effects of systematically manipulating the frequency or variety of mother-child syntactic or semantic or pragmatic behaviors to determine if it influences language acquisition. These studies were limited because they examined the manipulation of only one language variable. The purpose of this study was to …

The Wind; Flight, Gale Stam

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Suggestopedia: New Use Of Innate Mental Capacities, Phyllis Lorraine Crowell

MA TESOL Collection

This paper discusses certain characteristics of human mental functioning - an understanding of which sheds light on the mechanism of suggestopedia. These characteristics are: (1) the electrical impulses produced by the brain, and in particular, the alpha brainwaves, which are characteristic of a calm state of mind which is believed to be optimum for accelarated learning, (2) the division of left and right brain hemisphere functioning and perception - with the right ( intuitive) functions being a focus as the receiver of suggestion (subminal stimuli from the environment; the moving force in suggestopedia), and (3) the conscious vs. the paraconscious …

A Critique Of Bandler And Grinder's Method Of Mapping Representational Systems, Leslie E. Goldmann

Dissertations and Theses

People perceive the world in their own terms: our use of language reflects our perceptions. The way in which we perceive the world and the words we use to reflect that perception Grinder and Bandler (1976) call a "representational system." The authors isolate three types of representational systems, visual, kinesthetic, and auditory, and they present a technique for mapping these systems. These authors state that a sensory preference profile can be mapped accurately and reliably via an individual's use of language. For example, words such as "clear," "see" and expressions of the kind "I get a picture" would connote a …

An Intercorrelation Analysis Of The Itpa And Feature Finders, Debra Betts Bork

Masters Theses

No abstract provided by author.

Remembering The Functional Sentence, Donald J. Polzella

Psychology Faculty Publications

This report reviews the psychological and psycholinguistic literature from the last decade that deals with memory for sentences. It is concluded the the encoded representation of a sentence reflects both syntactic and semantic content, with the semantic content being far less transient.

The Influence Of Age And Disease Upon Language, Mary Ellen Kelleher

Masters Theses

No abstract provided by author.